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THE COLOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAGAZINE
Our Beginners Blockbuster
Packed with handy tips,
BASIC Training and
short, easy-to-understand
programs for new
CoCo owners
A zany graphics game from
Eric White
Dennis Weide's CoCo ROS
Two Tutorials
from Bill Bernico
I1 44254 II 00001'
01
i i i i i i .1 -i i (
i i i i : i, ,1—J.— I— J— J \-i«i^A
/ l l i I i t \ \ . \ i *^
I
WRESTLE MANIAC
.1 ,
Bouncing Boulders Is a new, fast paced arcade-
style game for your Coco. As you race youi
around the screen you try to collect enough stars
to open the exit to the next level. You can drop
rocks to kill aliens that follow you around the
screen trying to catch you. But beware of the fall-
ing and bouncing boulders as they will crush your
man if you get trapped under one. The many dif-
ferent screens with lots of puzzles will keep you
playing for hours on end.
You've asked for it and now it's here, a wrestling
game for your color computer. Play a single match
or play a tag team match in this 1 to 4 player game.
Wrestle against the computer or wrestle against
your friend In a single or tag team match. Use pun-
ches, kicks, body slams, back breakers and many
other moves as you attempt to pin your opponent.
Super graphics and realistic play action make this
a great game for all.
STICK
$28.95 u
$38.95c*n.
; :.UREI
ES OF DELIRIUM
W &'■{<£&£*
Mi
(East
■ - •
■ ■ • i, 01 ■■■
S» <r,,ii|
Travel through towns and ex-
plore strange lands in the
ultimate tanlasy role-playing
game for the color computer.
As you travel the land you will
meet different characters that
you may convince to |oin you In
your quest. During your quest
you will learn the secrets of
magic spells and ultimately,
your final goal.
Enter The Gates ol Dtllrlum
contestl The first person to
solve the game shall be our
grand prize winner of a Coco 3.
There will be 5 second prizes of
one free game from Dlecom
Products and 5 third prizes of
one free hat from Dlecom Pro-
ducts.
64K itknn nr .
required $38.95 u.s.
$52.95 can
available on disk only
ALSO AVAILABLE
— Paper Route, Knock Out,
Karate, each game requiring
64K. Tape or disk.
$28.95 u.s.
$38.95 can.
6715 FIFTH LINE, MILTON, ONT., CANADA L9T 2X8
We accept:
cheque or money order
24 hr. order line:
(416)878-8358
personal service 9-5
Please add $2 for shipping
& handling. Ontario
residents add 7% sales tax.
C.O.D. Canada only.
Dealer inquiries invited
Looking for new software.
From Computer Plus to YOU . . .
T
after
Tandy 200 24K $510*
Tandy 600 32K $810*
Tandy 102 24K $339*
^v.v'v/h^
Color Computer 3
W/128K Ext. Basic $169
■
Tandy 1000 EX $569.00
Tandy 1000 SX $839.00
DMP-130$219*
Color Computer Disk Drive
Drive $179*Drive 1 $149
BIG SAVINGS ON A FULL
COMPUTERS
Tandy 1000 EX 1 Drive 256K 569.00
Tandy 1000 SX 2 Drive 384K 839.00
Tandy 3000 HL 1 Drive 512K 1229.00
Model IVD 64K with Deskmate 889.00
PRINTERS
Radio Shack DMP-1 05 80 CPS 160.00
Radio Shack DMP-130 100 CPS 219.00'
Radio Shack DMP-430 180 CPS 559.00
COMPLEMENT OF RADIO SHACK COMPUTER PRODUCTS
COLOR COMPUTER MISC.
Radio Shack Drive Controller 99.00
Extended Basic Rom Kit 39.95
64K Ram Upgrade Kit 39.00
Radio Shack Deluxe Keyboard Kit 24.95
Radio Shack DWP-230 Daisy Wheel310.00
Star LV-1210 120 CPS 199.00
Star NX-10 120 CPS 279.00
Star SG-15 120 CPS 410.00
Panasonic P-1091 120 CPS 259.00
Panasonic P-1092 180 CPS 339.00
Okidata 292 200 CPS 529.00
Okidata 192 , 200 CPS 375.00
Epson LX-80 100 CPS 275.00
Epson FX-85 160 CPS 419.00
MODEMS
Radio Shack DCM-7 Modem 85.00
Radio Shack DC Modem
Program Pac 99.00
Radio Shack DC Modem 212 179.00
Hayes 300 Baud Modem 169.00
CALL TOLL FREE
1-800-343-8124
• LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES
• BEST POSSIBLE WARRANTY
• KNOWLEDGEABLE SALES STAFF
• TIMELY DELIVERY
• SHOPPING CONVENIENCE
HJL Keyboard Upgrade Kit 79.95
COCO Max Y Cable 27.95
Color Computer Mouse 44.00
Multi Pack Interlace 89.00
Botek Serial to Parallel Conv. 69.95
Radio Shack CCR-81 Recorder 52.00
Radio Shack Deluxe Joystick 26.95
Amdek Video 300 Green Monilor139.00
Amdek Video 300 Amber Monilor149.00
Goldstar Green Monitor 85.00
Panasonic Amber Monitor w!audio99.00
Radio Shack VM-4 Green Monitor 99.00
Mark Data Universal Video Driver 29.95
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
TAPE DISK
Approach Control Simul. 29.95 34.95
Worlds Ol Flight 29.95 32.95
Mustang P-51 Flight Simul. 29.95 34.95
Spectral Typing Tutor 19.95 22.95
Dungeon Quest 24.95 27.95
Major Istar 24.95
Sam Sleuth Private Eye 24.95
Mark Data Graphic Adven.24.95
COCO Util II by Mark Data
COCO Max by Colorware 69.95
COCO Max II by Colorware
AutoTerm by PXE Computing39.95
TelePatch II by Spectrum
Telewriter 64 49.95
Deft Pascal Workbench
Dett Extra
Pro Color File Enhanced 2.0
Max Fonts f72 COCO Max Fonts)
27.95
27.95
27.95
39.95
Elite Calc
Elite Word
Elite File (disk only)
DynaCalc (disk only)
Word Pack RS by PBJ
VIP Writer (disk only)
VIP Integrated Library (disk)
Order any 2 software pieces
79.95
49.95
29.95
59.95
99.95
39.95
59.95
64.95
69.95
69.95
74.50
99.95
99.00
69.95
149.95
sted and
69.95
69 95
take 10% off their listed price. All Radio
Shack software 10% off list. Send for
complete list. 'Sale prices through
1/15/87
com
^5 ^S
P.O. Box 1094
480 King Street
Littleton, MA 01460
SINCE 1973
IN MASSACHUSETTS CALL (617) 486-3193
TRS-80 is a registered trademark of Tandy Corp.
Under
The
26
FEATURES
G^ Color Chart for CoCo 31 Rick Adams and Dale Lear
COCO 3 CAPABILITIES An onscreen display of the 64 colors
L^ Only the Beginning/
NOVICES' NICHE Fun "quickies" io ease the newcomer into computer use
B^ Laser Battle/Cu/7 Cofy .
GAME Your skill and nerve will defeat these elusive enemies
(^J Through the Ages/Roger Bouchard
ORGANIZATION Print out calendars for any year from 1583
58
(4^ The Eyes Have W Bruce K. Bell, O.D.
GAME Three entertaining games to challenge visual memory
Escape From the Bug Zone/Eugene Vasconi
TUTORIAL Minimize hug problems and increase programming expertise
\^f CoCo-Nect-A-Dot/£r/c White.
GAME Create your own zany puzzles
Care and Feeding of a CoCo Club/Mar/? Haverstock
BEGINNERS SPECIAL Tips for a healthy, happy organization
L^J Shifty-Eyed Animation/6/// Bernico^
GRAPHICS Bring graphics to life with this two-faced tutorial
A PAL for the CoCo 3/ Marty Goodman
20
.26
.36
.46
.52
.58
.60
.67
82
.98
UPGRADE Multi-Pak upgrades explained for us all
>.-£y Success Mansion/Pau/ Ruby, Jr.
ADVENTURE Achievement is within your grasp
1=3 CoCo ROS, Part U/Dennis H. Weide
108
Cover illustration copyright © 1986
by Fred Crawford
HAR DWARE PROJECT Building the robot system
L^ The Menu Selector/S/7/ Bernico
TUTORIAL A professional look for program menus
Get Comfortable With OS-9/Nancy Ewart
TUTORIAL A good introduction for beginners
108
153
.158
160
|J* The cassette tape/disk symbols
=i " beside features and columns indi-
cate that the program listings with those
articles are on this month's RAINBOW ON
tape and rainbow on disk. Those with
only the disk symbol are not available on
rainbow ON tape. For details, check the
RAINBOW ON TAPE and RAINBOW ON DISK
ads on pages 103 and 151.
NEXT MONTH: Ah, lacy cards and rosy cupids. It's that sentimental time of year
and THE RAINBOW is prepared with titillating tidbits to let you fall in love with your CoCo
all over again. February brings our Utilities Issue filled with interesting and helpful
programs for all. We'll finish our series on the robot operating system and introduce
you to some more of the CoCo 3's wonders. And, of course, we'll have reviews of the
latest products, plus our regular columns.
Valentine's Day is the time to make the perfect match — your Color Computer and
THE RAINBOW.
COLUMNS
^* BASIC Training/Josep/7 Kolar
^ MID$ struts its stuff
Building January's Rainbow/J/m Reed
Comments on the CoCo 3
CoCo Consultations/Marty Goodman
Just what the Doctor ordered
Delphi Bureau/Cray Augsburg
86
16
92
i£
Making friends and Goodman's database report
Doctor ASCII/ Richard E. Esposito
The problem fixer
Education Notes/Steve Blyn
168
162
76
Little ones can count on CoCo
Education Overview/ Michael Plog, Ph.D..
The question of assessment
PRINT#-2,/ Lawrence C. Falk
Editor's notes
Turn of the Screw/Tony DiStefano
How monitors work
^J Wishing Well/Fred B. Scerbo
Presenting a math drill
RAINBOWTECH
176
12
94
78
l^S Barden's Butter/William Barden, Jr
PSET PRESET and graphics speed
Bits and Bytes of BASIC/Richard White
The first days with CoCo 3
Downloads/Dan Downard
181
188
178
Answers to your technical questions
KISSable OS-9/Da/e L. Puckett-
193
Debunking some OS-9 myths
DEPARTMENTS
Advertisers Index
Back Issue Information
CoCo Cat
Clubs, Clubs, Clubs
CoCo Gallery
Corrections
Letters to Rainbow
The Pipeline
208
139
159
_70
_18
164
_6
Received & Certified .
Reviewing Reviews _
Scoreboard
Scoreboard Pointers.
Submitting Material
to Rainbow
104
Subscription Info .
These Fine Stores-
.132
_131
172
174
_56
_48
206
One-Liner Contest
Information
144
PRODUCT REVIEWS
Product Review Contents—
129
MM
January 1987
Vol. VI No. 6
Editor and Publisher
Lawrence C. Falk
Managing Editor James E. Reed
Senior Editor T. Kevin Nickols
Submissions Editor Jutta Kapfhammer
Copy Editor Jo Anna Wittman Arnott
Reviews Editor Judi Hutchinson
Editorial Assistants Wendy Falk, Jody Gilbert,
Angela Kapfhammer, Monica Wheat
Technical Editor Dan Downard
Technical Assistant Cray Augsburg
Contributing Editors William Barden, Jr.,
Steve Blyn, Tony DiStefano,
Richard Esposito, Martin Goodman, M.D.,
Joseph Kolar, Michael Plog, Dale Puckett,
Fred Scerbo, Richard White
Consulting Editors Ed Ellers,
Danny Humphress, Belinda C. Kirby
Art Director Heidi Maxedon
Production Coordinator Cynthia L. Jones
Designers Tracey Jones, Rita Lawrence,
Sandra Underwood, Denise Webb
Lead Typesetter Jody Doyle
Typesetting Services
Suzanne Benish Kurowsky, Karen Semones
President
Falsoft, Inc.
Lawrence C. Falk
General Manager Patricia H. Hirsch
Asst. General Mgr. for Finance Donna Shuck
Admin. Asst. to the Publisher Sue E. Rodgers
Editorial Director James E. Reed
Asst. Editorial Director Jutta Kapfhammer
Creative Director Heidi Maxedon
Chief Bookkeeper Diane Moore
Advertising Accounts Beverly Taylor
Dealer Accounts Judy Quashnock
Asst. General Manager For Administration
Bonnie Frowenfeld
Customer Service Mgr. Sandy Apple
Asst. Customer Service Mgr. Beverly Bearden
Word Processor Manager Patricia Eaton
Development Coordinator Ira Barsky
Chief of Printing Services Melba Smith
Pre-press Production John Pike
Dispatch Janice Eastburn
Asst. Dispatch Mark Herndon
Business Assistants Laurie Falk, Sharon Smith,
Pam Workhoven
Advertising Coordinator Doris Taylor
Advertising Representative Kim Vincent
Advertising Assistant Debbie Baxter
(502) 228-4492
West Coast Advertising and Marketing Office
President Cindy J. Shackleford
Advertising Representative Shirley Duranseau
For RAINBOW Advertising and
Marketing Oftice Information, see Page 208
.
THE rainbow is published every month of the year by FALSOFT, Inc.. The Falsoft Building, 9509 U.S. Highway 42, P.O. Box 385, Prospect. KY 40059, phone (502)
228-4492. the rainbow, RAINBOWIcsl and THE rainbow and RAINBOWfest logotypes are registered *> trademarks of FALSOFT, Inc. • Second class postage paid Prospect,
KY and additional offices. USPS N. 705-050 (ISSN No. 0746-4797). POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. Forwarding
Postage Guaranteed. Authorized as second class postage paid Irom Hamilton. Ontario by Canada Post, Ottawa. Ontario. Canada. • Entire contenls copyright « by
FALSOFT, Inc.. 1986. the RAINBOW is Intended tor the private use and pleasure ot its subscribers and purchasers and reproduction by any means is prohibited. Use
of information herein is for the single end use of purchasers and any other use is expressly prohibiled. All programs herein are distributed in an "as is" basis, without
warranty of any kind whatsoever. • Tandy, Color BASIC, Extended Color basic and Program Pak are registered ® trademarks of the Tandy Corp. • Subscriptions to
THE RAINBOW are $31 per year in the United States. Canadian rates are U.S. $38. Surface mail to other countries is U.S. $68, air mail U.S. $103. All subscriptions begin
with next available issue. • Limited back issues are available. Please see notice for issues that are in print and their costs. Payment accepted by VISA, MasterCard,
American Express, cash, check or money order in U.S. currency only. Full refund after mailing of one issue. A refund of 10/1 2ths the subscription amount after two
issues are mailed. No refund after mailing of three or more magazines.
LETTERS TO THE UAWM
The Doc's Still Hot!
Editor:
I have been receiving the rainbow since
the demise of HOT CoCo. One article I have
missed is Doctor ASCII, so imagine my
surprise when I received the November 1986
issue to find it a regular feature.
I used to turn to this article first thing
upon receiving HOT CoCo and even though
I have never submitted any questions, I have
had many of them answered.
Clair Hum
Sanford, Ml
Glad you're a fan of Doctor ASC-
IIs column. We welcome him as a
regular columnist in RAINBOW. His
column is on Page 162 of this issue.
RAINBOWfest Raves
Editor:
1 just wanted to let you know what a good
time I had at the Princeton RAINBOWfest.
For those who have never attended a RAIN-
BOWfest I urge them to go. This was my first
but it won't be my last. I met some great
people and it was fun to see the faces that
go with the names in the magazine.
I hadn't been using my Color Computer
that much until I picked up THE rainbow
and decided to go to the RAINBOWfest. I
bought the new CoCo 3 and have sent for
a subscription to RAINBOW I am excited all
over again about the CoCo, and 1 can thank
you and the RAINBOWfest for this new
excitement.
Larry Burlingame
Selinsgrove, PA
Telecom Successes
Editor:
I would like to comment about the article
"Hamming It Up" on Page 42 in the No-
vember 1986 issue. Our Air Force MARS
Base Support Team at Langley AFB re-
cently used a CoCo 2 with the RS-232 pack
and a GLB PK. II TNC for a VHF packet
demonstration at the Langley Air Force
Base Open House. The system operated fine
through the five-hour program, logging and
transmitting 176 pieces of morale and
welfare traffic to a central point across the
6 THE RAINBOW January 1987
base. There, the printed out messages were
sorted according to region destination and
introduced into the regular SSB MARS
phone nets for delivery.
James S. Johnson
WB4WDMIAFF2VA
Hampton, VA
THE NEW ADDITION
Editor:
After recently having problems with my
CoCo 1, 1 purchased a CoCo 3. 1 discovered
a few things other readers might like to
know:
1) VIP software will not run on the CoCo
3. I use VIP Writer and Database exten-
sively, and now must find something to
replace them.
2) Pen Pal Version I will not run on the
CoCo 3. I don't know about the later
version.
3) The DISTO Super Controller works
on a CoCo 3. However. C-DOS, ADOS,
JDOS, etc., do not work. Only RS-DOS will
work, so far.
If someone comes up with a patch to allow
VIP to run on the CoCo 3, I hope you will
print it. I don't really want to go to another
software package after having so much
success with VIP.
Tony Rapson
Tulsa, OK
For some good news, see Jim
Reed's column on Page 16.
Better, But Not Quite . . .
Eil it or:
The new CoCo 3 is an amazing new
computer. It has everything the CoCo
Community has been waiting for — better
graphics, compatibility, etc., but there are
still a few things we need. One of the things
needed is more function keys on the key-
board or even better, a keyboard like the
Tandy 1000's. Now that we have windows,
we need a new Multi-Pak with about eight
slots for more expansion.
Leslie Miller
Lewiston, ID
List Those Variables
Editor:
I have been reading RAINBOW since No-
vember 1984. During that time 1 have seen
some changes in your program listings that
make them even better and easier to use. On
Page 53 of the September 1986 issue, I noted
that Mr. Kromeke has included a variable
list at the beginning of his program. I wish
that all of the programs had such a list. It
makes the programs more understandable
for users.
Regan Werner
Pueblo. CO
HINTS AND TIPS
Editor:
For those who use VIP Desktop and want
room for a small program or two, here is
how to get two free granules. Grans 20 and
21 are unused so it is a matter of changing
the GAT (Granule Allocation Table) to
enable you to put programs there.
Boot up VIP Disk-Zap and. following the
instructions in the manual, change bytes 20
and 21 of Track 17, Sector 2 to"FF."l have
a one-gran boot program and a one-gran
backup program on my disks and they speed
things up greatly.
A word of caution. I do not know if there
is more than one version of Desktop so you
should examine grans 20 and 21 with Desk-
Zap before modifying the disk.
Bob Owen
Wilmington, NC
Improved Graphics Dump
Editor:
For those of you with Radio Shack DMP-
1 30 printers who are unhappy with the print
options available when using CoCo Max,
here is one solution. If you configure CoCo
Max and request the Epson MX as the
printer to be used, then it is possible to
switch the DMP-130 to IBM mode and it
will dump the pictures in a much more
satisfactory manner. One problem is that
you need to use a serial-to-parallel converter
in order to use the IBM mode of the DMP-
130. The advantages are great; it is possible
to do a "double-size" dump and the double-
strike looks a lot better.
J.M. Perry
Dublin, Ireland
YOU COULD FALL IN LOVE WITH
AUTOTERM!
IT TURNS YOUR COLOR COMPUTER INTO THE
WORLD'S
SMARTEST
TERMINAL
.-<
GOOD
LOOKIN'
AUTOTERM shows true upper/
lower case in screen widths of 32,
40, 42, 51, or 64 characters with
no split words. The width of 32
has extra large letters. Scrolling is
forward, backward, and fast. Block
graphics pictures are displayed
automatically and can be scrolled.
The screen's top line shows
operating mode, unused memory
size, memory on/off, and caps-
lock on/off. It also gives helpful
prompts.
SWEET
TALKIN'
KEY-BEEP can be on/off. Unac-
ceptable keystrokes cause a lower
pitched BOP! This ERROR-
BEEBOP can be on/off.
Talks to other computers with
Full or Half Duplex; Baud Rate of
110, 150, 300, 600, 1200; Parity as
even, odd, mark, space, none; 7
or 8 bit Word; any Stop Bits; all
128 ASCII characters; true line
Break; XON/XOFF protocol; and
optional line-at-a-time transmis-
sion. Able to send and receive
text, block graphics, BASIC and
ML programs. A 64K machine
holds up to 44,000 characters
(32,000 in HI-RES).
DUAL PROCESSING lets you
review & edit while more data is
coming in.
XMODEM for disk file transfer.
Fully supports D.C. Hayes and
other intelligent modems.
Talks to your printer with any
page size, margins, line spacing,
split word avoidance. Embed your
printer's control sequences for
boldface, underlining, etc. Narrow
text can be automatically spread
out.
You'll also use Autoterm
for simple word processing
and record keeping
You can display directories,
delete files, transmit directly from
disk, and work with files larger
than memory. Easily maintain a
disk copy of an entire session.
Compatible with TELEWRITER
(ASCII) & other word processors.
SMOOTH
WALKIN'
AUTOTERM moves smoothly
and quickly between word proces-
sing and intelligent terminal
action. Create text, correct your
typing errors; then connect to the
other computer, upload your text,
download information, file it, and
sign-off; then edit the received
data, print it in an attractive
format, and/or save it on file.
Editing is super simple with the
cursor. Find strings instantly, too!
Any operating parameter, such as
screen width, can be altered at
any time. Uncompleted com-
mands can be cancelled.
PUTTY IN
YOUR HANDS
The word processor can be
used to create, print, and/or save
on file your personal KSMs. They
let AUTOTERM act like you. For
example, it can dial through your
modem, sign-on, interact, perform
file operations, & sign-off; an
entire session without your help.
KSMs can answer the phone,
prompt the caller, take messages,
save them, hang-up, and wait for
the next call. The KSM potential
is unbelievable!
NEW DISK VERSION 5
IS NOW AVAILABLE
At start-up, AUTOTERM can set
parameters, dial, sign-on, interact,
read/write disk, sign-off, etc.
Timed execution lets AUTOTERM
work while you sleep or play.
Print while on line, with J&M
Parallel Printer Port, Radio Shack
Modem Pak or RS-232 Pak.
AUTOTERM's buffering lets slow
printers fall behind without losing
data.
NO OTHER COMPUTER IN
THE WORLD CAN MATCH
YOUR COCO'S AUTOMATIC
TERMINAL CAPABILITIES!
AVAILABLE IN CANADA
from
Kelly Software Distributors
Edmonton, Alberta
CASSETTE S39.95
DISKETTE $49.95
Add $3 shipping and handling
MC/VISA/C.O.D.
PXE Computing
11 Vicksburg Lane
Richardson, Texas 75080
214/699-7273
Please hire the mentally retarded. They are sincere, hard working and
appreciative. Thanks! Phyllis
DOS in Time
Editor:
Many times in my programming efforts I
need to know what type of DOS is being
used. To find out what type is used so that
proper pokes can be made, type
H=PEEK(308):PRINT fl. The table below
lists values.
A DOS
19 Radio Shack Disk basic 1.0
20 Radio Shack Disk basic 1.1
29 Spectro Systems ADOS 1.01
in
I hope this information helps others i
their programming endeavors.
David W. Ostler
High Point, NC
REQUEST HOTLINE
Editor:
It would be nice if someone would make
a program to calculate electric and gas
meters to determine usage to verify gas and
electric company bills. Instead of using four
circles to show meter dials. I would like it
to input 1-12 o'clock setting to show meter
dial arrows, then calculate it from the last
meter taking date. By phoning the utility
company, one could find out the regular
dale the meter was read, then use that date
as the starting date to read.
Bob Baker
Box 254789
Sacramento, CA 95825
Tired of Plain Vanilla
Editor:
Does anyone know where 1 can buy
colored computer paper with matching
envelopes?
Dr. Hugo D. Spatz
749 Nvack A venue N. E.
Port Charlotte, FL 33952
See "Pipeline" in the November
1986 issue for information on hi-
tech Stationery.
Building the Perfect Adventure
Editor:
I am looking for an Adventure construc-
tion set for my CoCo 2. If anyone knows
where 1 can find one, please write to me.
Dannv Cordonnier
5003 Villa Circle
Colorado Springs, CO 80918
Check out "The Adventure Pro-
cessor" on Page 26 in the August
1986 issue.
Needs Telemetry System
Editor:
Does any company market hardware,
transmitters and receivers for telemetry
systems that could be run by the CoCo? Its
use would be to monitor water pumps in a
small water system. Must be FCC approved.
Paul Wisinger
Greenwood Town Hall
P.O. Box 195
Greenwood, LA 71033
Distaff Stats
Editor:
1 play hockey on a women's team and have
been assigned to do the statistics. Does
anyone have a program to enable me to do
the stats on my computer?
Debbie Bechard
3-842 Pillette Road
Windsor, Ontario
Canada N8Y3B5
Reprinting Roger
Editor:
The past few months you have had inquir-
ies about tape-to-disk transfers. You refer to
the January 1984 issue. Page 48, Roger
Schrag's "A Tape to Disk Transfer Vehicle."
The January 1984 issue of RAINBOW is not
available as a back issue and 1 cannot find
a copy through various library sources. I
expect others may have difficulty locating
the referred article.
Allen Hoffman
W. Richland. WA
You can order copies of a par-
ticular article from an out-of-print
issue for $2. You need to send us
the title of the article, author and
what issue the article appeared in.
In this case, however, due to
popular demand, we plan to re-
print Roger's article in our Febru-
ary 1987 issue.
INFORMATION PLEASE
Editor:
I've been working on a boot program and
haven't found a way to prevent the prompt
sign from appearing. Is there any way to
automatically run a program after loading
from cassette?
Jason Matheny
1008 Audubon Parkway
Louisville, KY 40213
Error Terror
Editor:
My CoCo 2 has a terrible case of I/O
Errors, although I am using the standard
Radio Shack CCR-81 recorder and C-20
tapes. Sometimes my programs will load
without errors, while other times no pro-
grams will load even though they were saved
in succession. After typing the same pro-
gram several times, I would like to know if
there is a poke or program to disable the 1/
O Error and recover the program.
Jerry Broughton
R.D.ttl. Box 28
Morris. PA 16938
The Line Starts Here
Editor:
I just purchased an Epson JX-80 printer.
It has a four-color ribbon and is capable of
printing in seven colors. It works great with
Telewriter's method of defining and embed-
ding printer codes right in the text. 1 need
a color screen dump which supports this
printer's superb Hi-Res graphics capabili-
ties.
I have written to distributors of several of
the major graphics editors (Graphicom,
CoCo Max II, etc.) and none of them
currently support the JX-80's color features
(normal black works fine, however). If you
have one of these printers, or plan to
purchase one, please let the software com-
panies know of your interest.
Laura Burch
52 Elm Street
Newport, ME 04953
The ROS CoCo
Editor:
My grandfather and I were working on a
remote-control car and decided to have a
64K CoCo 2 control it using commands
from the computer. After soldering capac-
itors and resistors on a board, and hooking
it up to a male and female connector, I'm
not sure where to hook the connector or
what commands to use. Please help.
Also, I am interested in exploring the
different parameters of machine language
and animated graphics using BASIC state-
ments such as GET and PUT. I was wondering
if anyone could reply and tell me how to do
animated graphics or machine language
programming.
Eddy Learnard
110 Park Avenue
Williston Park. NY 11596
See our three-part series on
ROS (Robotic Operating System)
which started in the December
1986 issue. Part 2 is on Page 153
of this issue; Part 3 will appear
next month.
You may find the answers in the
October 1986 Graphics issue.
Small Business Needs
Editor:
I have yet to see a good inventory control
program. I am sure the CoCo 3 can handle
such a program. If 1 may speak for other
small-business men, there is a definite need
for a program that can handle the following:
catalog number, page number, item descrip-
tion, packing, cost per pack, mark up and
retail price with the number in stock. There
needs to be an auto reorder point, so when
a particular item goes below a certain
number the program will send the items to
be reordered as well as a complete inventory
to the printer list, which can be printed on
tape, disk or fanfold paper.
If such a program is available, 1 would
appreciate knowing where it can be pur-
chased.
Henry R. Barish
135 Madison Street
Apt. 10
Wellsville. NY 14895
BOUQUETS
Editor:
Recently I experienced crashed disks on
a terminal program which I had purchased
from Spectrum Projects, a RAINBOW adver-
8
THE RAINBOW January 1987
500
POKES,
PEEKS,
EXECs
FOR THE TRS-80 COCO
NEVER BEFORE has this infor-
mation of vital significance to a
programmer been so readily
available to everyone. This book
will help you GET UNDERNEATH
THE COVER' of the Color Com-
puter and develop your own MI-
QUALITY Basic and ML pro-
grams. SO WHY WAIT??
This 80-page book includes
POKES, FEEKs and EXECs to:
* Autostart your basic programs
* Disable Color Basic/ECB/Dlsk
Basic commands like LIST,
LLIST, POKE, EXEC, CSAVE(M).
DEL, EDIT, TROM. TKOFf.
PCLEAR, DLOAD, REMUM, PRINT
USING. DIR, KILL. SAVE. LOAD,
MERQE, RENAME, DSKINI,
BACKUP, DSKIS, and DSKO$,
* Disable BREAK KEY, CLEAR KEY
and RESET BUTTON.
* Generate a Repeat-key.
* Transfer ROMPAKS to tape (For
64K only).
* Speed Up your programs.
* Reset. MOTOR ON/OFF from
keyboard.
* Recover Basic programs lost by
NEW.
* Set 23 different
QRAPMIC/SEMIQRAPMIC modes
* Merge two Basic programs.
* AND MUCH MUCH MOREill
COMMANDS COMPATIBLE WITH
16K/32 K/64K/ COLOR BASIC/ ECB/ DISK
BASIC SYSTEMS and CoCo 1 . 2. fir 3.
ONLY $16.95
*£*>.
00*
*** "$9.95
1$
200
additional Pokes, Peeks 'n Execs to
give you MORE PROGRAMMING POWER.
Includes commands for
• Rompak Transfer to disk
• PAINT with 65000 styles!
• Use of 40 truck single/double sided drives with variable
step- rales
• High-Speed Cassette Operation
• Telewriter 64', Edlasm-K and CoCo Max'
Enhancements
• Graphics Dump (lor DMP printers! & Text Screen Oump
• AND MUCH MUCH MORE!
• 500 POKES. PEEKS N EXECS is a prerequisite
w
DISK TUTORIAL
(2- Disk Package)
An indispensable tutorial for serious disk
Basic/ ML programmers Gives almost
everything you MUST know about the disk
system Some features:
• Learn about track/sectors/ granules
• How the Directory is organized
• Useful disk utilities
• Useful ROM routines
• How to use double sided/40/80 track drives
• Information security on disk
• Insight into common disk errors
• Many Tips/Hints/Secrets you won't find
elsewhere!
• And Much Much More!
CoCo1,2&3
only $36.95
MJF
MICROCOM SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 21 4
Fairport, N.Y. 14450
Phone(716) 223-1477
The CoCo Graphics Designer allows you
to create beautifully designed Greeting
Cards, Signs and Banners for holidays,
birthdays, parties, anniversaries and other
occasions Comes with a library of pre-
drawn pictures Also includes utilities
which allow you to create your own
character sets, borders and graphic
pictures. Requires a TRS-80 COLOR
COMPUTER I, II OR III ORTDP-100 with
a MINIMUM 0F32K, ONE DISK DRIVE
and a PRINTER compatible with DISK
BASIC 1.0/1.1, ADOS 1.0/1.1 ANDJD0S.
Supports the following printers: EPSON
RX/FK GEMINI 10X/SG-10, NX-10,
C-ltoh8510, DMP-1 00/1 05/400/430,
SEIK0SHA GP-100/250, LEGEND 808
and GORILLA BANANA
DISK ONLY $29.95
PICTURE DISK #1
This disk includes OVER 100 pre-drawn
pictures for use with the CoCo Graphics
Designer.
DISK ONLY $14.95
COLOR SCRIBE II
THEC0C03 WORD-PROCESSOR
This superb word processor uses the 80
COLUMN display of the CoCo III and
includes the following features: Justifica-
tion, Headers Footers Pagination, OVER
20 Line Editing Commands such as
Character Insert/ Delete, skip over words
breaking a line and more. Comes with a
comprehensive manual. Requires a 128K
COCO III with Disk Drive.
only $49.95
COCO DISK ZAPPER
Are you frustrated with crashed disks? If
so, this program can save hours of labor by
restoring complete or part of the information
from the disk. Ifs indespensable!
Requires minimum 32 K/64 K disk system
CoCo1,2&3 ONLY $24.95
VISA MC, Am Ex, Check M0. Please add S3.00 shipping and handling (USA &
CANADA other countries S5.00). COD addS2.50 extra NYS residents please add
Sales Tax Immediate shipment Dealer inquiries invited
Call Toll Free (For Orders) 1 -800-654-5244 9 am -9pm est 7 days a week
Except NY. For information technical information NY orders & after-hours 1-71 6-223-1 477
tiser. When 1 wrote them explaining my
problem and inquiring about the cost of
replacement, I received by return mail two
replacement disks and a letter of apology for
my inconvenience from Paul Rosen. Com-
panies like Spectrum deserve all possible
support.
Lawrence Gibbs
Cochranvitte, PA
Plus Promptness
Editor:
This is a letter of praise for Computer
Plus. I got my DMP-105 printer in eight
days after mailing my check to them. The
toll-free number is nice too, since I was able
to find out beforehand just how much the
postage and handling was to be.
Jerome Bigge
Muskegon, Ml
Some Exceptions
Editor:
This is to inform all users of Speech
Systems software and/ or hardware prod-
ucts that, due to the extensive care we take
with the design and production of our
offerings to the CoCo Community, all of our
products (save three) will execute unmodi-
fied on the CoCo 3.
The first exception is E.A.R.S. That, too,
will run if you type EXEC &HE010 and press
ENTER before the subsequent CLOADfl and
EXEC of EflRS.BIN.
The second exception is CoCo MIDI.
Disregard the following if you're using a
Y-cable. The following is for multipack
users. The disk controller must be in Slot 4.
The CoCo MIDI pack must be in Slot 3.
Turn on the computer and type:
POKE G5407,51:EXEC57360
The third exception is for Super Voice.
The Super Voice Speech Synthesizer works
perfectly in the CoCo 3 as outlined in the
manual. However, the CoCo I and CoCo 2
would let you get sloppy and not force you
to CLEAR100.&H5FFF to LOfiDM"TRNS
LATE" or CLERR100 , &H57FF to LORD
M"SUPERTOI<" even though you are sup-
posed to. The CoCo 3 forces you to do this.
Failure to do this will not allow you to load
the program.
Thanks to all of you for your continued
support; and thank you too, RAINBOW, for
being the best friend the CoCo ever had!
Randy H. Specior
Vice President, Speech Systems
Batavia, 1L
BULLETIN BOARD SYSEMS
Editor:
The Tandy Color SIG CoCo TBBS of the
South Bay Color Computer User's Group
has a new phone number which is Voice
(408) 923-2967, Tandy CoCo BBS (408) 244-
8250. We want this BBS to be one of the best
CoCo/ recreational boards in California.
The board is running several CoCo sub-
boards and many various discussion/ enter-
lainment boards. Each of the CoCo boards
has its own up/download ability corre-
sponding to the topic of the board (example:
graphics, music, general, games). Check it
out and please consider joining our CoCo
club, the South Bay CoCo User's Group of
the Santa Clara Valley.
John Say
San Jose, CA
•The CoCo Communications newsletter is
going strong. This newsletter has a list of 24-
hour CoCo BBSs throughout the world.
Also has reviews on BBS software, modems,
terminal software, a review on 24-hour BBS
in each state each month. There will also be
a mailbag for people to leave messages in or
ask questions about BBS hardware, soft-
ware, etc. The cost is $2. The new address
is:
Steve Slack
6 Saddle Circle
Newark, DE 19711
• Fast Trackin' BBS has added Run
Length Encoded graphics (RLE) online for
the callers' viewing pleasure. (SysOps inter-
ested call BBS for information.) These
graphics files can be viewed using Mike
Ward's RLETRM or CIS Vidtex. There are
plenty of other graphics online, digitized and
drawn by Mike Trammell of New York.
There are also games, communications,
utilities and music files, plus a Stuff file that
can be added to for some helpful hints. The
1.08-Meg BBS is still running on the reliable
backup MODEM II until service can be
found for the 1200 baud Data Phone.
The BBS operates on an open format.
Callers must leave their name, address and
phone number before being validated to use
the BBS. After validation, within 24 hours
if all information has been left, the callers
will be able to retrieve files. All menus can
be viewed beforehand. The BBS number is
(502) 365-7771 and operates 24 hours a day.
David Guess
Princeton, KY
• To access Omni-Com BBS call (601)
497-OMNI or (601) 875-8688. It runs 24
hours, 300/ 1200 baud, 7-bit, even, I stop.
Omni-Com Data Telecommunications
Gamier, MS
• If you are looking for a BBS system
loaded with CoCo software, Access-80 is the
board to call. It has many special interest
areas (SIAs), one of which is dedicated to
the CoCo. Call (603) 888-6999, 24 hours a
day, 300/ 1200 baud.
Bruce Burleson
Nashua. NH
• I have a 64K CoCo with dual disk drives,
a printer and a DCM-5 modem, and I would
like to get in touch with a BBS near or in
the Belle-Mead area. Anyone interested,
please write me soon.
Scott Enman
88 Steinmetz Road
Belle- Mead. NJ 08502
• I am running a BBS at (201) 382-8252
called The Final Frontier. Callers can
participate in the multi-player interactive
Star Trek game. I also have a lot at Star Trek
downloads.
Derrick
Colonia, NJ
• The Mystical Mansion of Madgarr BBS
hours are 10:30 p.m. to 6 a.m. and from 9
a.m. to 2 p.m. EST. It runs on 300 baud only.
Call (304) 287-2607. All users are validated
and real names are not necessary.
Mark Richards
Carolina. WV
the rainbow welcomes letters to the
editors. Mail should be addressed to: Letters
to Rainbow, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059. Letters should
include the writer's full name and address.
Letters may be edited for purposes of clarity
or space.
Letters to the editors may also be sent to
us through the MAIL section of our Delphi
CoCo SIG. From the CoCo SIG> prompt,
pick MAIL, then type SEND and address to:
EDITORS. Be sure to include your complete
name and address.
ARTS AND I
Trim J:i>\'B<nnetV
"Fr-iwt Rjya I , V A ufcj a
♦ Submissions Hditor*
kainsow
TdeTaGtfr TfuiCding'
grasped , KY +0059
10
THE RAINBOW January 1987
UTILITIES/BOOKS
UTILITY ROUTINES for the
TANDY &TRS-80 COCO (Vol 1)
This powerful book for Basic and ML
Programmers, includes program expla-
nation, memory requirements and an
annotated source listing for the utility
routines given below. These routines if
bought individually will cost you
HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS.
These are 100% Position Independent
ML Utilities and require no ML program-
ming knowledge.
COMMAND KEYS: Access commands with 2 keystrokes
CURSOR STYLES: Over 65000 cursor styles
ERROR SKIP: 'ONERR GOTO' tor Basic Programs
FULL LENGTH ERRORS: Get real word error messages
KEY CLICKER: Ensure Key input accuracy
REPEAT KEY: Repeat ANY key
REVERSE VIDEO(Green& Red): Eliminate eye-strain
SPOOLER: Don't wait lor those long printouts
SUPER SCROLLER: Save/view scrolled lines
TAPE-TO-DISK: Copy Basic and ML programs
AND MUCH MUCH MORE!!!
For 1 6 K/32 K/64 K Cassette or Disk
Sytstems, CoCo1,2&3
BOOK $19.95
THESE ROUTINES (READY-TO-RUN) ON
CAS/ DISK:
$24.95
BOTH BOOK AND CASSETTE
or DISK:
$36.95
UTILITY ROUTINES (VOLUME II)
(Disk Only) ^i%
Includes 20 olt-used utilities such as: ^F&fP'
• PAINT with 65000 styles ^7*^
• Add SUPERSCRIPTS lo your DMP printer
• Design your own commands!
• Programming Clock
• Fasl Sort lor Rasic Strings
• Create a character set lor your DMP printer
• Find/ Replace phrases in your Basic Program
• Let the computer locate your errors!
• CoCo Calculator
• Super EDITing lor Basic Programs
• Automatic Directory Backup
• And much much more!
64K DISK ONLY
$29.95
WE HAVE ALL THAT YOU NEED TO SUCCEED
SUPER TAPE/DISK
TRANSFER
• Disk-to-Disk Copy (1 -3 passes)
• Tape-to- Disk Copy
• Tape-to- Disk Automatic Relocate
• Disk-to- Tape Copy
• Tape-to- Tape Copy
Copies Basic/ M L programs and DATA files.
CoCo1,2&3 32 K Disk System
(Disk to Disk Copy requires 64 K)
DISK ONLY
$24.95
UTILITY BONANZA I
Includes 20 best-selected utilities:
• 40 K Disk Basic • Disk Cataloger
• Super Tape- to- Disk Copy (with Automatic Relocate)
• Oisk-lo-Tape Copy
• LList Enhancer (wllh page numbering!)
• Graphics Typesetter | two text sizes!)
• LARGE DMP Graphics Dump
• X-Rel lor Basic Programs
• Hidden 32K|Use the "hidden 32Klrom your 64 K CoCo|
• Basic Stepper (Super Debugged)
• RAM Disk (lor Cassette & Disk Users)
• Single Key Printer Text Screen Dump
AND MUCH, MUCH MOREII!
Most programs compatible with CoCo 3
DISK(64KReq.) ONLY $29.95
if
MUST" BOOKS
UNRAVELLED SERIES: These 3 books
provide a complete annotated listing of
the BASIC/ECB and DISK ROMa
COLOR BASIC UNRAVELLED: SI9.95
EXTENDED BASIC UNRAVELLED -$19.95
DISK BASIC UNRAVELLED: S19.95
ALL 3 UNRAVELLED BOOKS: S49.95
RAINBOW GUIDE TO OS-9 (Book): $18.95
RAINBOW GUIDE TO OS-9 (2 Disks): $29.00
BASIC PROGRAMMING THICKS: Tips and tricks
tor Basic Programmers Only SI 4.95
CoCo 3 SECRETS REVEALED: S16.95
OTHER SOFTWARE...
Telewriter-64 (Cas)S47.95 (Dsk) 57.95
Teleform: Mail Merge for TW-64® 1 9.95
Telepatch(Dsk) 19.95
Telepatch II 29.95
CoCo Max(Cas) 67.95
CoCo Max II (Dsk) 77.95
CoCo Max Upgrade (Dsk) 18.95
Autoterm(Cas) 36.95
(Latest Version) (Dsk) 46.95
Graphicom II 22.95
SPIT'N IMAGE: Makes a mirror image
(BACKUP) of ANY disk even protected
ones. Will also initialize and BACKUP inone
pass. ONLYS32.95
COCO UTIL II (Latest Version): Transfer
CoCo Disk files to IBM compatible
computer. Transfer MS-DOS files to CoCo.
CoCo 1,2 8.3 ONLYS36.95
DISK ANTI-PIRATE: Best copy- protection
program for disk Basic and ML programs.
CoCo1,2&3 ONLYS59.95
HIDE-A-8ASIC I.I: Best copy- protection
program for Cassette Basic programs.
CoCo 1,2 8.3 ONLYS24.95
CABLES/HARDWARE
HAYES C0MPATI8LE MODEM: S129.95
MODEM CARLE: S19.95
UNIVERSAL VIDEO DRIVER: Use your
monochrome or color monitor with your
CoCo (ALL CoCos). Includes audio
connection. Easy installation- no
soldering. ONLYS29.95
INTRONICS EPROM PROGRAMMER: Best
EPROM Programmer for the CoCo.
Lowest Price Anywhere- SI 37.95.
RS232 Y CABLE: Hook 2 devices to the
serial port ONLY SI 8.95.
3-P0SITI0N SWITCHER:
Select any one of three RS232 devices
(printers/ modems) from the serial port
ONLYS37.95
Y CABLE: Use your Disk System with CoCo
Max, DS69, etc. ONLYS24.95
SERIAL TO PARALLEL INTERFACE: With 6
switch selectable baud rates (300-9600).
Comes with all cables. S39.95
mjf
MICROCOM SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 21 4
Fairport, N.Y. 14450
Phone (716) 223-1477
Toorder All orders$50 & above shipped byZnd day Air UPS with no extra charge. Last minute shoppers
can benefit VISA. MC, Am Ex, Check MO. Please add S3.00 shipping and handling
(USA& CANADA other countries $5.00) COD add S2.50 extra NYS residents please add
Sales Tax. Immediate shipment Dealer inquiries invited.
Call Toll Free (For Orders) 1 -800-654-5244 9 am- 9 pm est 7 days a week
Except NY. For information, technical information. NY orders & after-hours 1 -7 16 -223- 1 477 ^^^
We Keep On Keeping On
Probably the number one subject of letters to RAINBOW these last
several weeks has concerned the CoCo 3 and what programs will
and will not run on it. First of all, I want you to know that we're
doing as much as we can to get as much accurate information together
as possible and to get it to you.
In his column this month, Jim Reed addresses a few of the problems
and is giving the most-asked questions some answers. Our Q-and-A
columns are trying to address things, as well. I'll try not to duplicate those
letters here.
While we'll certainly keep on keeping on in this regard, 1 do think that
a couple of observations are in order.
The first is, of course, that those people who "followed the rules" for
third-party software really don't have a problem. It is the people who did
not who may have some incompatibility problems. Some of these firms
will provide fixes; we will attempt to find some fixes when we can and,
as always, fixes may well come in from other members of the CoCo
Community. When they do, we'll pass them on to you.
The second issue is a little more philosophical, however.
Let's consider this: Many of the programs written for the CoCo and
CoCo 2 were "gee whiz" simply because they did something really special
that, now, you might take for granted with the CoCo 3. My best example
is Telewriter. 1 remember when it first came out and we sat down and simply
"gee-whizzed" at the high resolution screen. This, remember, was in the
days long before 80-column cards and the like.
Other programs came along, like Elite- Word, and all of them did the
same thing. So did a bunch of database managers, telecommunication
packages and the like. Before long, it was pretty well-established that a
Hi-Res screen was necessary for the more "business-oriented" functions of
the Color Computer. In the last two years, no one would have seriously
considered marketing a word processor, for instance, that did not have a
high resolution screen display.
But when Dick White and I first saw Telewriter, the first question in
our minds was "how did they do that?" Dick figured it out (he knows a
lot more about programming than 1 do). All I did was use it.
My point, however, was that it was done with programming. And that
programming required a great deal of program space. Even in machine
language, it had to make the CoCo run slower. It also used up programming
space that might have been devoted to more features (although I have
always been satisfied with the features available in Telewriter, myself).
12
THE RAINBOW January 1987
t e r
Compatible with
ne*COC03
printer
Free shipping
Graphics
Multiple c °P' es „„
triable UneSpac.ng
Paper Width 1(r «
Pin and Won - "
,mpa ° a uMogc seeing, un.-
sinking, ^wa.aclei sets
Super/Subscripts.
. standard 1.5K buffer.
printer is covered with a two-
ye ar warranty-
^rl e M ace S in,entdto-use
P a,a " el r^O and any Centres
with a COCO a™ ,
compatible Pa' a " se iectable
Mud raw CMD*". » come s
Quality items
Cassette Tapes S7 a) p
Pin Feed Cassette Labels
Yellow or Tan)
Bibbons-oryou-SPy^
Seikosha printers $8.00
^^ ".rJS^c and any
C0C03. any ■ leva s ate
memory size, nes * r P wartB nty.
covered by a 1 yea' "
positions »ata"»" > seria i
^•'^Ce'en'difte-ent
output between
devices tmodem, v 1Q2 nas
^noSeXt that indicate
color cooed "« These
the switch post W* '
lights also act as P nQwyour
indicators to le'yo", ln
compute is °" 7 c P P d ed labels
ttie . 1 ° 2 nbeaPPledtoyou'
a al =Sinrwlthnon.sliP
rubber feet
Th e Model I" te » ^'Xoe.
Pa*^ added feature
, 01 put l has m« ,. mes
ol a serial P°' l a (s °^ em switch),
referred to as aj™ conn ection
This feature allows 'n
ol a parallel pnn'er^d J prm(e[
serial dev.ee (modern^ may
etc.ltoyourcomPU'erY e . al0I
,hen select e> her ouw h
parallel, with me "IP °'. x , . 2 5-
™ e 104 ' S °$L& cables and
anaC °-ToriroYo"- c ompoter.^
con necorsto y Q your
Srorome, serial dev.ee.
-H,fe°oC,and
interlace, Sta , "« na , d0 .
oklda,a a ?iSLCdo not The
Epson and SeW*» ^ ie d by
a " mode '?H i*r toV Model
supply, add a r price
#S &*$£»*»■»"
$56.95).
Ordering Intomtatlon
HeeshWl^^|-^ a
unQ er $50.00.
0ni0 residents add 5.5% sales
tax.
pinfeed cassette^ df . ven and
sette Label s men me
is V e,y easy to •*•*
special features °^ and ed
p?lnter H»n S S ed chtaeters. Each
or C ° n , £5 is automatically
line of Jf*!L5 the label
cen,er tiitTs shown on your
is pnnted, It IS » t0
CRT -. en nfi S ifyoulike- T
make changes if yO oQiabel
then print Vf? tape and It
pr0 gram comes ° n a P els w
is supp, 'lrTed «K ECB
get you starteu.
required.
Call tor prices on
r other Seikosha
—inters.
Metric industries Inc.
The CoCo 3's high resolution modes
eliminate the need to "program in" a
high resolution screen. This means it
speeds up a program (because the CoCo
3 does not have to use software to
maintain the screen) and it allows more
"space" for more features.
The same goes for most of the "arti-
fact color" programs. Heck, you don't
need artifact colors when you have 16
regular colors available at a time in
BASIC. But I remember when Mark
Data Products introduced its first ani-
mated graphics Adventure games.
They, too, set a standard. CoCo 3 has
some problems with the artifact colors
because it doesn't really need them. It
has real colors.
1 guess my point is that there are two
ways to look at CoCo 3 and its "down-
ward compatibility." The first is that
there are, indeed, some things that do
not (will not) work as they did before.
The other way is that more and better
things will come out of the new ma-
chine.
Yes, I know it also means that you
might be in a position to buy some new
software. But, in truth, much of what
you now use will run on the CoCo 3.
That which does not will probably have
some "better" version available in the
next few months or so.
I can see there is room for some
disagreement here. It is certainly possi-
ble to take the position that "I have
bought all the software I want to buy."
If that is so, then sure, there may be a
problem. But, I, personally, have al-
ways seen a computer as an evolving
system. When something decidedly
"better" comes along, 1 want it. It
improves both my enjoyment and pro-
ductivity.
Here is an example, albeit extreme.
When the laser printers came out, we
went out and bought one. Before, we
had been doing listings in double-strike
and "emphasis" mode to make sure we
had good, clear copy. The lasers
changed all of that. Not only did we get
good, clear and black copy, we also got
it, seemingly, hundreds of times faster.
But we already had a printer, right?
Why change? Because of simple produc-
tivity.
"J, personally, have
always seen a
computer as an
evolving system.
When something
decidedly 'better*
comes along, I want
it."
I am not advocating you go out and
buy a laser printer (unless you do very
heavy printing on your CoCo, as we
do). What I am saying is that we saw
something that would work better and
we got it.
In what are, admittedly, the very
early stages of the CoCo 3, things are
kind of up in the air right now. No one,
even here at the RAINBOW, has every
version of every program. But we are
working diligently to test things as we
can. We'll help as much as we can.
But, remember, too, we have a mag-
azine to put out and new programs to
test as well. Of course, we are working
on all of this, and will keep on keeping
on. One of the reasons we will is because
we owe it to you to do as much as we
can. And the other reason is that it is
just plain fun.
I happen to think that is the best part
of it all. Whether you have a CoCo, a
CoCo 2 or a CoCo 3, computing is fun.
And it is going to be more and more fun
as the years go on.
I do want to thank all of you who
have written to comment on the
wrapper which we now use to protect
THE RAINBOW in its venture through the
postal system (or should I say systems,
since many countries are involved).
We've been wanting to do this for a long
time and our printer has finally been
able to get the equipment to do it.
I am also gratified to see how many
of you took the time to drop me a line
to say something about the subscription
offer packed in the CoCo 3 boxes. Most
of you said that you already have a
subscription, but that it was "nice to
see" this happening.
A suggestion if I may: Give that little
envelope to a friend. Anyone can use it!
And we're delighted to get those enve-
lopes!
A happy CoCo New Year to each of
you!
— Lonnie Falk
PRINTERS!
N EW ! Okidata 1 92* (Par. or Sen) '370
NE w! Okidata 193 (Parallel) '540
N EW! Okidata 193+ (Serial) '610
Okimate 20 Color Printer $ I3S
Fuptsu2IOO(80col.) *4I0
Fujitsu 2200 ( 1 32 col.) '520
Toshiba 321 (Par. or Ser.) '510
Qume Letterpro 20 (Letter Qual.) s 445
Silver Reed 420 (Daisy Wheel) '240
Silver Reed 600 (Daisy Wheel) '575
(Add S I0 Shipping for Printers)
ACCESSORIES!
Taxan 12" Green Monitor '125
Taxan 1 2" Amber Monitor * 1 35
Table Top Printer Stand
w/Slot (80 col.) '30
Table Top Printer Stand
w/Slot(l32col.) '45
Stand w/ Diskette Storage (80 col.) '47
Stand w/Diskette Storage (132 col.) '57
Other Printers. Monitors, and Accessories for CoCo
and IBM upon request.
1 15 off interface with purchase of printer.
Find your cheapest published price and we'll beat It!!!
DISK DRIVE SYSTEMS!
ALL '/i HEIGHT DOUBLE SIDED
Drive (addressed as 2 drives!) '235
Drive 0.1 (addressed as 4 drives!) '350
All above complete with HDS controller,
cable, & drive in case with power supply
Bare Double Sided Drives '109
Dual Vi Height Case w/Power Supply '49
Double Sided Adapter '25
HDS Controller. RS ROM & Instructions '99
25 CDC DS/DD Diskettes '32 & '3 s/h
We use the HDS controller exclusively. Can use 2 different DOS ROM's.
Shipping Costs: '5 (drive or power supply. '10 max.
Co Co Serial Cables 15 ft.-'IO. Co Co/RS-232 Cables 15 ft.-'20.
Other cables on request. (Add S 3 M shipping)
SP-2 INTERFACE for
EPSON PRINTERS:
■ 300-19,200 BAUD rates
■ Fits inside printer — No AC Plugs
■ Optional external switch ('S 00 extra) frees parallel
port for use with other computers
■ l 49" (plus >3°» shipping)
SP-3 INTERFACE for
MOST OTHER PRINTERS:
■ 300-19.200 BAUD rates
■ External to printer — No AC Plugs
■ Built in modem/ printer switch — no need for Y-cables or
plugging/unplugging cables
i '64" (plus >3°° shipping)
Both also available for IBM, RS-232 and Apple IIC computers.
R
P.O. Box 293
Raritan, NJ 08869
(201)722-1055
ENGINEERING
14
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Toll Free
Orders Only
800-245-6228
Information
301-521-4886
If You Pay Taxes &
You Need Coco-Accountant
All our software is CoCo 3 Compatible
"It's the most useful piece of soft-
ware I own."
That's what we hear again and
again from folks who buy Coco-Ac-
countant II. This 32/64K single-entry
accounting system for the home and
small business is all you need to
manage your finances and give you
the information you need at tax time.
We wrote the original version for
ourselves two years ago because
we wanted to know three things:
Where did the money come from, where did it go, and
what can we deduct from our taxes?
As it turned out, we liked it better than anything else
on the market, so we decided to sell it. And we've been
improving it ever since.
People say they like it because it's easy to use. Just
spend a few minutes each month entering your data:
checks, cash outlays, credit card expenses or income.
In any order. CoCo-Accountant takes the whole mess
and makes sense out of it. Here's what it does:
♦ Lists and totals entries by month, offsetting in-
come against expenses.
♦ Lists and totals entries by account, for a month or
the whole year.
♦ Lists and totals entries by payee or income
source, for a month or the whole year.
I
I
1
1
I
i
I
|| Thoroughbred, Harness, Greyhound
i
♦ Provides a year-to-date summary
by account.
♦ Prints a spreadsheet showing
activity by account and month for
the whole year (seeing this one is
believing).
♦ Flags deductible expenses.
♦ Flags expenses subject to
sales tax and figures out how much
sales tax you paid!
♦ Lets you define up to 48 ac-
counts (in 64K version).
♦ Takes 900 entries in 64K version, 500 in 32K disk
and 450 in 32K tape.
♦ Sorts entries by date.
♦ Stores your data to tape or disk.
You can use CoCo Accountant as a simple check-
book register or make it into a comprehensive home ac-
counting package. Our customers tell us they use it in
the home, at school, for their clubs, churches and small
businesses. In fact, they use it in ways we never
dreamed of!
CoCo-Accountant II is so easy to use and flexible
that you'll be delighted. So stop shoving all those re-
cords in a shoe box and join the computer age!
The price of Coco-Accountant II is $34.95. Please be
sure to tell us your memory requirements and whether
you want tape or disk.
i
I
HORSE RACE5-
-HARNE5S RACES
Use your Color Computer to improve your performance
at the track! These 1 6K programs for Thoroughbred, Har-
ness and Greyhound racing rank the horses or dogs in
each race quickly and easily, even if you've never handi-
capped before. All the information you need is readily avail-
able from the Racing form, harness or dog track program.
We even provide diagrams showing you where to find each
item!
Thoroughbred factors include speed, distance, past
performance, weight, class, jockey's record, beaten favor-
ite and post position. Harness factors include speed, post
position, driver's record, breaking tendencies, class, Dark-
M
I
i
I
i
DOG RACES
ed-out signs and beaten favorite. Greyhound factors in-
clude speed, past performance, maneuvering ability, favor-
ite box, class, kennel record, beaten favorite and breaking
ability.
We include complete instruction and a wagering guide
that tells you which races to bet and which to avoid — one
of the real secrets of good handicapping. You can buy a
more expensive handicapper, but we don't think you can
buy a better one! Thoroughbred, Harness or Greyhound
Handicapper, $34.95 each on tape or disk. Any two for
$54.95 or all three for $74.95.
Federal Hill Software 8134 Scotts Level Rd. Baltimore. Md. 21208
M
i
I
S
■>
-35^2
'"
-30\2
Oe\u*e
$840
25 -A05A
25
25
26
.40^0
4\0'
TarrfW
,3 WIS -
VS3 2,B3S "
►^
i
BUILDING JANUARYS RAINBOW
Identifying the CoCo 3 "challenge" . . .
. . . and working together to meet it!
This is our annual beginners issue and we have more beginners than ever this
year. Even the "old soldiers" are getting into "new beginnings" as the CoCo Com-
munity assesses the Color Computer 3 and what we are going to do with it.
With more memory, 80 columns, real lowercase and much higher resolution
graphics, there's a new wave of excitement. But. there's also what the uninitiated might
mistakenly regard as pessimism, the talk about what the new CoCo 3 won't do. Tandy
did a much better job with respect to preserving compatibility than many CoCo
veterans were expecting, and deserve high marks for doing so; still, old timers will
try out dozens of programs, most of which run fine and without incident, and then,
when they find one that won't work right on the new machine, you'd think the world
was at an end. Well, you have to read between the lines of "bellyaching" to recognize
"the challenge." Yessir, there's nothing a Radio Shack junkie likes better than the
challenge, and opportunity, offered by something that needs a bit of fixing.
I am firmly convinced that the CoCo Community will meet the CoCo 3 challenges
that lie ahead, and "getting there" will be half the fun. You can rest assured that, as
the rough edges and problem areas are identified and fixes or patches or rewrites
become available, we'll report it all to you as soon as we can. For instance, in this
issue, Dick White reports that older disk controllers (those requiring 12 volts) won't
work with the CoCo 3, at least without some modification — not big news since they
wouldn't work with the CoCo 2 either. Perhaps the easiest way to get 12 volts to the
controller is to use a Multi-Pak Interface, but these units themselves need a minor
upgrade to work with the CoCo 3. Not to worry, the cost of parts is small and our
article "A PAL for Your CoCo 3" explains how to do this upgrade yourself.
In "Turn of the Screw," Tony DiStefano discusses the different types of monitors,
since the CoCo 3 needs an RGB analog monitor for best results. In "CoCo
Consultations," Marty Goodman discusses why PM0DE4 artifact colors don't work on
RGB analog monitors. Roger Bouchard says those with monochrome monitors will
want to kill the color burst for greater clarity: Use POKE &HE033, PEEK (&HE033)
OR &H10 for the 32-column mode, and replace the &HE033 address above with &HE03C
for 40 columns or &HE045 for 80-column mode. If the screen then looks a bit dim,
try CLS 5 to brighten things up. Richard Esposito informs us that no provision was
made under BASIC for saving the new CoCo 3 Hi-Res screens to disk, but then tells
us how in "Doctor ASCII."
In his column, Bill Barden says Color Disk EDTASM works just fine, almost. In
our letters section, Speech Systems' Randy Spector give a rundown on that company's
products and what to do to fix the three that need patching. Look for similar reports
from others in upcoming issues. Incidentally, I hear that OS-9 Level II should begin
appearing in the stores by the time you see this, and that the 1,100-page manual has
been the holdup.
While some CoCo programs may require major rewrites, many just need a bit of
modification. For instance, some VIP programs appear to work while other versions
of the same program have problems on the CoCo 3. Marty has discovered that the
memory test that runs at bootup of VIP Writer writes over the top 256 bytes of memory
on the CoCo 3 (SFE00-SFEFF). The test must be made to stay out of this region to
avoid "crashing." If you can use a disk zapper, try changing the SFF00 at SG817 to
SFE00, though the fix may vary from version to version.
Similar problems affect Radio Shack's Ghana Bwana, Desert Rider, One-On-One
and Pitfall II, but these are now patched and they run in full color, too. Look for
these longer fixes to be posted soon in our Delphi CoCo Sig and we'll include them
along with assembled notes, such as the discovery that Radio Shack's Sound /Speech
Program Pak won't run right at double-speed, in a "round up" of fixes in a future
issue of RAINBOW. At this writing (mid-November), the information is just beginning
to come in.
To stay abreast of the latest CoCo 3 news, and to learn how to get the most from
your present system, or that bargain-priced CoCo 2 you just got for Christmas, or
that old gray workhorse with the paint half rubbed off, why not make this a "beginning"
of your own, by joining the tens of thousands who take advantage of an annual
subscription to keep following THE RAINBOW.
— Jim Reed
16
THE RAINBOW January 1987
The Ultimate
Color Computer
Enhancements
for Productivity
from HJL Products
* H
To achieve maximum productivity with
your Color Computer, you have to make
It as easy as possible to get Information
Into and out of the system.
This is why we developed the HJL
family of high-performance
enhancements for ALL MODELS of the
Color Computer. J, >%w
The Keyboard - $7&*S 4^
The overwhelming favorite of serious*
Color Computer users worldwide, the
HJL-57 keyboard has the smooth,
consistent feel and reliability you need
for maximum speed with minimum
Input errors. Includes 4 Function Keys
and sample function key program.
Installs In just a few minutes with no
soldering. _,_ /fa
*
The Numeric Keypad
The NumberJack is a self-contained,
cable-connected keypad for heavy-duty
number-crunchers. Besides the number
keys, it has all the cursors, symbols
and math keys, including autoshifted
(one-touch) ADD and MULTIPLY.
Comes complete with 3-foot cable and
all necessary connectors for quick and
easy installation without soldering.
Now available for all
models, including CoCo 3
The Monitor Adapter - $25.95
This universal driver works with all
monochrome monitors, and is easily
Installed without clips, jumpers or
soldering (except In some later CoCo 2s
with soldered-in video chips). Here's
crisp, clear, flicker-free monitor output
with all the reliability you've come to
expect from HJL Products.
The Monitor - $89.95
The GoldStar high-resolution amber
monitor brings you the monochrome
display that's preferred by most
computer professionals today. Once
you've used it you'll never connect your
computer to a TV set again. The 12-
inch diagonal CRT has an etched non-
glare faceplate. (Requires adapter sold
above > Jt H™*
The BASIC Utility
Quick Basic Plus, a high-performance
programming utility, can be used with
any color computer that has four func-
tion keys. 26 pre-defined BASIC
statements, 10 user-defined macros at
a time (you can save as many sets of
macros as you like), automatic line-
numbering, word wrap, global search,
Ordering Information: Specify model (Original, F-vereion, or CoCo 2 Model Number). Payment by C.O.D., check,
MasterCard, or Visa. Credit card customers include complete card number and expiration date. Add $2.00 lor
shlpplno, 3.50 to Canada; except monitors (call for shipping charges before ordering monitors). New York state
residents add 7% sales tax. Dealer Inquiries Invited
and instant screen dump to printer,
make this software the BASIC pro-
grammer's dream come true. Comes
with re-legendable 3-way reference
chart. Specify disk or cassette.
The HJL Warranty
Every HJL product comes with a full,
one-year warranty and the exclusive
HJL 15-day unconditional guarantee
(except software).
Pick a Pair & Save 15%
Now, for a limited time, we'll give you
15% off the price of any two or more
products shown here. Just mention
this ad when you order.
Call Now, Toll Free
1-800-828-6968
In New York 1-800-462-4891
International calls: 716-235-8358
mmm
PRODUCTS
Div. of Touchstone Technology Inc.
955 Buffalo Road • P.O. Box 24954
Rochester, New York 14624
Bradley opens the gallery with this
enchanting pictorial setting which was
created with CoCo Max. Bradley is 15
years old and is a member of the Sky-
line Color Computer Club of Berks
County.
The Staff
Omni-Com Staff
Gautier, MS
This caricature of the Omni-Com staff
was created with basic, a Radio Shack
X-Pad and CoCo Max //'s Fat Bits.
From left to right are Rod Roberts, Matt
Welch and Mark Welch.
[3rd]
P
R
z
E
Rainbow
Steve Ricketts
Boring, OR
Steve, who is 31 , married and has three
daughters, is a computer operator for
a manufacturing firm and owns two
CoCos. He created this New Year treat
with basic and many hours of drawing,
pixel blasting and painting.
THE RAINBOW January 1987
The Enchantment of Chrashk
James Olszewski
Rowlett, TX
This dragon's lair was created with
basic, and the help of James' girl-
friend. James enjoys electronic syn-
thesizers and computers, and also
writes music.
Space Dome
Matt Havlovick
Renton, WA
Matt is an eighth grader and has been
using his CoCo for five years. Space
Dome was created with basic on a
CoCo 3. Besides computing, Matt also
enjoys playing the trumpet and piano.
SHOWCASE YOUR BEST!
You are invited to nominate original work for inclusion in
upcoming showings of "CoCo Gallery." Share your crea-
tions with the CoCo Community!
Be sure to send a cover letter with your name, address and
phone number, detailing how you created your picture (what
programs you used, etc.) and how to display it. Also, please
include several facts about yourself, the more the better.
Don't send us anything owned by someone else; this
means no game screens, digitized images from TV programs
or material that's already been submitted elsewhere. A
digitized copy of a picture that appears in a book or
magazine is not an original work.
We will award a first prize of $25, a second prize of $15
and a third prize of $10. Honorable mentions will also be
given.
Jody Doyle, Curator
K
- . . •? .
>l
I
..
>A-
Townhall
Ron Depot
Bralntree, MA
Ron is a 34-year-old restaurant man-
ager and uses his CoCo to help run the
restaurant and as a hobby. Townhall
was created with basic while learning
to use the CoCo's line command.
Send your entry on either tape or disk to:
CoCo Gallery
THE RAINBOW
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
Attn: Jody Doyle
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 19
COCO 3 CAPABILITIES
|C0CO3|
I28K
Here's a clever program to display all 64 colors
available on the Co Co 3 onscreen at the same time
Color Chart for the
CoCo 3
By Rick Adams and Dale Lear
nc of the first things new Color
Computer 3 users want to do
is explore the greatly ex-
panded selection of colors available.
Frantically, they Hip through the pages
of the manual looking for a color chart.
or a list of the color codes in numerical
order with descriptions of each.
Alas, all that can be found is Sample
Program 23 (which shows the colors,
eight at a time), and a "color chart" on
Page 295 that invites you to run the
sample program and "fill in the blanks."
Until now, with the eight colors
available on the Color Computer I and
2, there has been little ambiguity in-
volved in interpreting the colors. There
is no way, other than with a severely
mis-adjusted color TV set, or a color-
blind observer, that the color red would
be mistaken for the color blue, for
example.
With the 64 colors now available on
i he Color Computer 3, however, an
element of ambiguity has been intro-
duced. With 64 colors to choose from,
there is not only red, there is also light
red, dark red, orange-red, red-orange,
purplish-red, magenta-red, red-ma-
Rick Ailanis is a systems programmer
lor a company that develops 68000'
based systems software. In addition to
Willing names, he likes science Jiclion
and is the author of Radio Shack 's
Temple of ROM. Rick lives in Rohnert
I'ark, California.
Dale Leaf owns Dale Lear Software
and makes his living developing pro-
grams for the Color Computer. He has
authored names and other software
such as Double Back, Baseball,
I SEDIT, TSWORD and D.I.. LOGO.
Dale, his wife, Laurel, and their six
children live in Pelaluma, California.
20 THE RAINBOW January 1987
genta, etc. You get the idea. With so
many color shades, each perhaps only
slightly different from its neighbor, an
element of .subjectivity creeps in. As we
put it: "One person's light magenta is
another's pink." Also, the interpreta-
tion of the colors by the video hardware
in various TVs may differ due to the
adjustment of the tint and color con-
trols, the bandwidth of the TV and
many other factors. |
So, we suspect that
Tandy's "do-it-your- Color
self" color chart was
produced to avoid forty
zillion phone calls from -
frantic users wanting to
know, "Why does the
CoCo 3 color chart in -
the manual say that
Color Code 49 is light
cyan, whereas on my —
TV it is pale blue?"
Don't worry, we have
a solution for you. Tan-
dy's Sample Program 23
is 44 lines of BASIC code. Figure I: I'
and shows eight colors
al a lime. Our version is i
26 lines long (if you
don't enter the com-
ments), and shows all 64 ,-
cidors on the screen al
oncel
Now, we can almost
see some of you scratch-
ing your heads at this
point, and thinking,
"Now wait a minute. I
know the CoCo 3 is a
great machine, bul 1
thought that only 16
colors were available al
any one time." Yes,
that's true. So, how is it Figure 2:
that we can go right ahead and break
the rules? The answer is simple: We
cheat.
Down at the bottom of the hash
program listing are a number of DATA
statements, containing values that are
poked into memory to load a short
machine language program. This short
program, for which we have provided a
separate assembler listing, switches the
Color Coaputer 3 - Color Chart
I'igure I: Photograph of composite color monitor
Color Computer
- Color Chart
3
16
17
18
—
4
5
6
7
8
9 1
10
1 1
12
13
14
15
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
23
30
31
==
Figure 2: Photograph of analog RGB monitor
48
49
58
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
r
The Amazing A-BUS
An A-BUS system with two Motherboards
A-BUS adapter in foreground
The A-BUS system works with the original CoCo,
theCoCo2 and the CoCo 3.
Aboutthe A-BUS system:
• All the A-BUS cards are very easy lo use with any language that can
read or write to a Port or Memory. In BASIC.use INPand OUT (or PEEK and
POKE with Apples and Tandy Color Computers)
• They are all compatible with each other. You can mix and match up to 25
cards to 'it your application Card addresses are easily set with jumpers.
• A-BUS cards are shipped with power supplies (except PO-123) and
detailed manuals (including schematics and programming examples)
Relay Card RE-140:S129
Includes eight industrial relays. (3 amp contacts. SPST) individually
controlled and latched. 8 LED's show status Easy to use (OUT or POKE in
8ASIC). Card address is lumper selectable.
Reed Relay Card re-i56:S99
Same features as above, but uses 8 Reed Relays to switch low level signals
(20mA max). Use as a channel selector, solid state relay driver, etc.
Analog Input Card AD-i42:si29
Eight analog inputs. to +5V range can be expanded lo 1 00V by adding a
resistor 8 bit resolution (20mV) Conversion time 120us. Perlect to
measure voltage, temperature, lighl levels, pressure, etc. Very easy to use.
1 2 Bit A/D Converter an-146: 5139
This analog to digital converter is accurate to .025%. Input range is — 4 V to
+4V. Resolution: 1 millivolt. The on board amplifier boosts signals up to 50
times to read microvolts. Conversion time is 1 30ms. Ideal lor thermocouple
strain gauge, etc. 1 channel. (Expand to 8 channelsusing the RE-1 56 card)
Digital Input Card in-i41:$59
The eight inputs are optically Isolated, so it's sale and easy to connect any
"on/off" devices, such as switches, thermostats, alarm loops, etc. to your
computer. To read the eight inputs, simply use BASIC INP (or PEEK).
24 Line TTL I/O dg-i48:S65
Connect 24 input or output signals (switches or any TTL device) to yout
computer. The card can be set lor input, latched output, strobed output,
strobed input, and/or bidirectional strobed I/O. Uses the 8255A chip.
Clock with Alarm cl-144: S89
Powerful clock/calendar with: battery backup for Time. Date and Alarm
setting (time and date); built in alarm relay, led and buzzer: timing to 1/1 00
second Easy to use decimal format. Lithium battery included.
Touch Tone® Decoder ph-i45:$79
Each tone Is converted into a number which is stored on the board. Simply
read the number with INP or POKE Use for remote control projects, etc,
A-BUS Prototyping Card pr-i52:sis
3'A by 4ft in. with power and ground bus. Fits up to 10 I.C.s
Plug into the future
With the A-BUS you can plug your PC (IBM, Apple,
TRS-80) into a future of exciting new applications in the fields
of control, monitoring, automation, sensing, robotics, etc.
Alpha's modular A-BUS offers a proven method to build your
"custom" system today. Tomorrow, when you are ready to take
another step, you will be able to add more functions. This is ideal for
first time experimenting and teaching.
A-BUS control can be entirely done in simple BASIC or Pascal,
and no knowledge of electronics is required!
An A-BUS system consists of the A-BUS adapter plugged into
your computer and a cable to connect the Adapter to 1 or 2 A-BUS
cards. The same cable will also fit an A-BUS Motherboard for
expansion up to 25 cards in any combination.
The A-BUS is backed by Alpha's continuing support (our 11th
year, 50000 customers in over 60 countries).
The complete set of A-BUS User's Manuals is available for $10.
Smart Stepper Controller sc-i49:$299
World's finest stepper controller On board microprocessor controls 4
motors simultaneously Incredibly, it accepts plain English commands like
"Move arm 10.2 inches left" Many complex sequences can Be defined as
"macros" and stored In the on board memory For each axis, you can cont rol
coordinate (relative or absolute), ramping, speed, steptype (hall full wave)
scale factor, units, holding power, etc Many inputs: 8 limit & "wail until"
switches, panic button, etc. On the fly reporting of position, speed, etc On
board drivers(350mA)forsmall steppers (M0-1 03) SendforSC-149llyei
Remote Control Keypad Option RC-1 21 : S49
To control the 4 motors directly, and "leach" sequences ol motions
Power Driver Board Option PD-1 23: S89
Boost controller drive to 5 amps per phase. For two motors (eight drivers!
Breakout Board Option BB-1 22: S1 9
For easy connection of 2 motors. 3 ft. cable ends with screw termmalboard
Stepper Motor Driver st-143: 579
Stepper motors are the ultimate in motion control The special package
(below) Includes everything you need to get familiar with them Each card
drives two stepper motors (1 2V, bidireclional, 4 phase. 350mA per phase)
Special Package:2motors(MO-103) + ST-143 PA-181: S99
Stepper Motors mo-i 03: si 5 or4fors39
Pancake lype. 2!4" dla, 14" Shalt. 757step. 4 phase bidirectional. 300
step/sec. 1 2V, 36 ohm, bipolar, 5 oz-in lorque. same as Airpax K82701 -P2
Current Developments
Intelligent Voice Synthesizer, 1 4 Bit Analog to Digital convener. 4 Channel
Digital to Analog convener. Counler Timer, Voice Recognition.
A-BUS Adapters for:
IBM PC. XT, AT and compatibles. Uses one short slot.
Tandy 1 000, 1 000 EX & SX, 1 200, 3000 Uses one shod slot
Apple I! II+. He Uses any slot
TRS-80 Model 102. 200 Pluqs into 40 pin "system bus"
Model 100. Uses40oinsockel (Socket isduolicaledonadaaterl
TRS-80 Mod3,4.4D. Fns50oinbus (Withriarddisk.useY-cablel
TRS-80 Model4P Includes extra cable. 150 pin bus is recessed!
TRS-80 Model I, Plugs into 40 Din IIO bus on KB or HI
Color Computers (Tandy) Fits ROM slot Muinoak or v-cabie
ST-143
RE-140
N-141
AR-133 .S69
AR-133. S69
AR-134.S49
AR-136 S69
AR-135..S69
AR-132.S49
AR-137..S62
AR-131 S39
AR-138 S49
AD-142
A-BUS Cable (3 ft, 50 cond.) CA-163: S24
Connects the A-BUS adapter to one A-BUS card or to lirst Motherboard
Special cable for two A-BUS cards: CA-1 62: S34
A-BUS Motherboard mb-i20:S99
Each Motherboard holds five A-BUS cards. A sixth connector allows a
second Motherboard to be added to Ihe first (with connecting cable CA-
161 S1 2). Up lo five Motherboards can be joined this way to a single A-
BUS adapter. Sturdy aluminum frame and card guides included.
• The A-BUS is not a replacement for the Multi-pak
Add S3. CO per order tor shipping
Visa. MC. chocks, MO. welcome.
NY residents add sales tax.
C.O.D. odd $3.00 extra.
Canada: shipping Is $5
Overseas edd 10%
ALPHA ^rn^omSi
a division ol Sigma Industries Inc
7904- W Jamaica Avenue, Woodhaven, NY 11421
Technical inlo (203) 656-1 806
Sltf 800 221-0916
New York orders (71 8) 296-591 6
All lines open weekdays 9 to 5 Eastern time
You'll use it all the time and love using it.
What isCoCo Max?
Simply the most incredible graphic
and text creation "system" you have
ever seen. A Hi-Res Input Pack (more
on the pack later) is combined with
high speed machine language
software. The result will dazzle you.
CoCo Max disk system, with Ycnbla.
Is CoCo Max for you ?
Anyone who has ever held a pencil or
a crayon for fun, school or business
will love it. A 4 year-old will have fun
doodling, a 1 5 year-old will do class
projects and adults will play with it for
hours before starting useful
applications (illustrations, cards,
artwork, business graphics, flyers,
charts, memos, etc.) This is one of the
rare packages that will be enjoyed by
the whole family.
What made CoCo Max an
instant success?
First there's nothing to learn, no
syntax to worry about. Even a child
who can't read will enjoy CoCo Max.
Its power can be unleashed by simply
pointing and clicking with your
mouse or joystick. With icons and
pull down menus, you control CoCo
Max intuitively; it works the same way
you think.
Don't be misled by this apparent
simplicity. CoCo Max has more power
than you thought possible. Its blinding
speed will astound you.
It lets you work on an area 3.5 times
the size of the window on the screen.
It's so friendly that you will easily
recover from mistakes: The undo
feature lets you revert to your image
prior to the mistake. As usual, it only
takes a single click.
Later, we will tell you about the
"typesetting" capabilities of CoCo
Max II, but first let's glance at a few of
its graphic creation tools:
With the pencil you can draw free
hand lines, then use the eraser to
make corrections or changes. For
straight lines, the convenient rubber-
banding lets you preview your lines
before they are fixed on your picture.
It's fun and accurate. Lines can be of
any width and made of any color or
texture.
The paint brush, with its 32
selectable brush shapes, will adapt to
any job, and make complicated
graphics or calligraphy simple.
For special effects, the spray can is
really fun: 86 standard colors and
textures, all available at a click. It's
like the real thing except the paint
doesn't drip.
CoCo Max will instantly create many
shapes: circles, squares, rectangles
(with or without rounded corners),
ellipses, etc. Shapes can be filled with
any pattern. You can also add
hundreds of custom patterns to the
86 which ara included.
The Glyphics are 58 small drawings
(symbols, faces, etc.) that can be used
as rubber stamps. They're really great
for enhancing your work without effort.
Pull down menus
Zoom In I
Control Over Your Work
CoCo Max's advanced "tools" let you
take any part of the screen, (text or
picture) and perform many feats:
• You can move it around • Copy
it • Shrink or enlarge it in both
directions • Save it on the electronic
Clipbook * Flip it vertically or
horizontally • Rotate it • Invert
it • Clear it, etc. etc.
All this is done instantly, and you can
always undo it if you don't like the
results.
For detail work, the fat bits (zoom)
feature is great, giving you easy
control over each pixel.
To top it all, CoCo Max II works in
color. Imagine the pictures in this ad
in color. If you own a Radio Shack
CGP-220 or CGP-1 1 5, you can even
print your work in full color !
rile Edii Goooies font stwie »
There is so much more to say, such as
the capability to use CoCo Max
images with your BASIC programs,
the possibility to use CoCo Max's
magic on any standard binary image
file. There are also many advanced
features such as the incredible lasso.
Inside the Hi-Rat Input Pack
Why a Hi-Res Input Pack ?
Did you know that the CoCo joystick
input port can only access 4096
positions (64x64)? That's less than
1 0% of the Hi-Res screen, which has
491 52 points! (256x1 92). You lose
90% of the potential. The Hi-Res Input
Pack distinguishes each of the 491 52
distinct joystick or mouse positions.
That's the key to CoCo Max's power.
The pack plugs into the rom slot (like
a rom cartridge). Inside the pack is a
high speed multichannel analog to
digital converter. Your existing
joystick or mouse simply plugs into
the back of the Hi-Res Pack.
Electronic Typesetting...
You'll be impressed with CoCo Max's
capability. Text can be added and
moved around anywhere on the
picture. (You can also rotate, invert
and flip it...) At a click, you can choose
from 1 4 built in fonts each with 1 6
variations. That's over 200 typestyles !
1 Examples of printouts
Printing Your Creations
There are a dozen ways to print your
work. All are available with a click of
your joystick (or mouse) without
exiting CoCo Max. Your CoCo Max
disk includes drivers for over 30
printers !
All the CoCo Max pictures are unrotouched screen shots or printouts (Epson RX-SO).
The whole family will enjoy
CoCo Max. Here are a few
examples of the possibilities.
All these pictures are unretouched screen photos
or printouts (on an Epson RX-80).
JtntBon Report
no mflJOR dews today
• -.-r --■• '••'.'.■ j->ft/-."'3t'-'
i Jin
.1 li" ■.*■"'» .'"tiV r*"
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ir ii. mi ».. .-.- •■■•
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wt j U this : j i -j SftUiaf?
i'.'.' 'fl'.TiVJ i'..\I.' ill* "
UU •■* •:• 110 >• ibi 'Mil
j'...'.'' ( v.' "i,v i' .',!";
DSWjUkBk
Lift In tbifait lioicot ill
»?i.ib l(UM on mx
ill crickid up Is t*
**^A«T
Y**^Vvffiff I
U' l v-,.:. , ;:; r .*;r.:.".^"'
.••1...' WTO if!
*.<>,.. M •••li.twttf
i. Mttl • IP M ■«•• -r
■..II IM- IIHUIM ■•••
Hlilil'll'l , IfiBORl
rp j^q
Pulley
Sirins
j£v
©
Business graphs, charts,
diagrams. Also memos
©Fun for children while
stimulating creativity.
o
Publish a newsletter
or bulletin
SSS i; Coco «<jx foCo Max
<oc. h.h CoCo
«0» CoCo Max
C«C* N«M CoCo
'" CoCo Mm
[gjffiiiffflrn
CoCo Max
CoCo max
CoCo max
tfodo Wax
©§10§) fcg
(SsSsiJlK
»fc
CoCo may
GaSs As
CoCo max
GMfe Mm
CoCo Max
(SijSaiStB
CoCo Mai
mmiffim
-_ Ovar 200 typestyles to
fSJ c/ioose from/
generate flyers.
__ Junior's homework
y and science projects.
Term papers too !
V/deo portrait
(with optional digitizer).
A new way to express
your imagination.
©schematics
and floor plans.
(JJ This is a cartoon.
CcCoMcolK
CoCo Max II
kJT) Logos and letterheads.
System Requirements:
Any 64K CoCo and a standard joystick or
mouse. (The koala pad and the track ball work,
but are not recommended.)
Disk systems need a Multi-Pak or our Y-Cable.
CoCo Max is compatible with any Radio Shack
DOS and ADOS.
Note: the tape version of CoCo Max includes
almost all the features of CoCo Max II except
Shrink, Stretch, Rotate, and Glyphics. Also, it
has 5 fonts instead of 1 4.
CoCo Max is not compatible with JDOS,
DoubleDOS, MDOS, OS-9, the X-pad, and
Daisy Wheel Printers.
Printers Supported:
Epson MX, RX, FX and LX series, Gemini, Star.
Micronix, Delta 10, 10X, 15, 15X, SG-
10,Okidata 82A, 92, 93, C. Itoh Pro-writer,
Apple Image-writer, Hewlett-Packard Thinkjet,
Radio Shack DMP 1 00, 1 05, 1 1 0, 1 20, 200,
400, 500, Line Printer 7, Line Printer 8, TRP-
1 00, CGP-220. (DMP-1 30 use Line Printer 8),
PMC printers, Gorilla Banana.
Color printing: CGP-200, CGP-1 1 5
Pricing
CoCo Max on tape $69.95
with Hi-Res Pack and manual.
CoCo Max II (disk only) $79.95
with Hi-Res Pack and manual.
Upgrade: CoCo Max to CoCo Max II
New disk and manual , $ 1 9.95
New features of CoCo Max II: 1 4 lonts and glyphic
font, dynamic shrink and stretch, rotate, multiple drive
capability, 68 page scrapbook. point and click tile
load, color printer drivers, full error reporting.
Upgrade: CoCo Max tape to disk
manuals, disk and binder $24.95
Y-Cable: Special Price $1 9.95
Super Picture Disks #1 , #2, and #3
each: $14.95
All three picture disks $29.95
Guaranteed Satisfaction
Use CoCo Max for a full month.
If you are not delighted with it,
we will refund every penny.
Font Editor Option
A font is a set of characters of a
particular style. CoCo Max includes
1 5 fonts. You can create new fonts of
letters, or even symbols or graphics
with the font editor. Examples: set of
symbols for electronics, foreign
alphabets, etc $1 9.95
Video Digitizer DS-69
This new Low Cost Digitizer is the
next step in sophistication for your
CoCo Max system. With the DS-69
you will be able to digitize and bring
into CoCo Max a frame from any video
source: VCR, tuner, or video camera.
Comes complete with detailed
manual and C-SEE software on disk.
Multi-Pak is required.
New Low Price Save S50 $99.95
New: faster DS-69A $1 49.95
Colorware Incorporated
[COLORWARE 7 9-04A Jamaica Avenue
Woodhaven, NY 11421
800 221-0916
Orders only.
NY A Info: (718) 298-5916
Hours: 9-5 Eastern time.
Add S3. 00 per order lor shipping.
We eccept Visa. MC. checks. M.O.
C. 0. D. add S3. 00 extra. , — _
NY and CT : add sales lax. _"»_
Shipping to Canada Is S5.00 ftta\
Overseas. FPO. APO add 10°b ^S
palette registers as a screen is drawn.
Sixieen limes for each time the screen
is drawn, the palette registers are re-
loaded with a new set of values. In this
manner, every possible available color
can be shown on the same screen.
Another nice thing about this color
chart is that it clearly shows the rela-
tionship between the "intensity" and
"color phase" portions of the color
values.
The color codes are six-bit values.
"flu's means that color codes 0-63 are
available. For the composite color set,
which is the color set those using a color
TV will see, the leftmost two bits in the
value are the color intensity, while the
four remaining bits are the color phase.
The firSt column of the color chart
shows color values through 15, all of
which correspond to color phase
through 15, color intensity (). These
colors are so dark that some of them
may be indisliguishable from black on
your TV, unless you turn up the color
brightness.
The next column, which displays
color codes 16 through 31, again shows
values corresponding to color phase
through 15, except that the intensity
value is 1. These colors should all be
visible, yet somewhat dark,
The third column, displaying colors
32 through 47, contains colors with
intensity 2. These colors appear quite
bright and vibrant.
The last column, showing colors 48
through 63 (which are colors with
intensity level 3), appears so bright that
its colors are pastels.
You may notice some small horizon-
tal dashes at the left edge of your TV
screen. These dashes appear because the
colors generated by the GIME chip in
r | Those of you with analog RGB
M. monitors will see a set of colors
on your screens that is very different
from what one would see on a color
TV or a composite color monitor. On
a composite monitor, there are 16
distinct colors that are presented at
four different luminance levels. For
example, the "colors" 8, 16, 24 and
32 are the same color, but 16 is
brighter than 8, 24 is brighter than 1 6
and 32 is brighter than 24. However,
the four sets of 16 colors are pre-
sented in a very different way on
the Color Computer 3 become "un-
settled" briefly whenever the contents ol
the palette registers are changed.
Since the palette registers aie being
reloaded 16 times per screen refresh
(which is 960 limes a second), (his
disturbs the GIME enough to result in
this side effect. This is even more notice-
able if the high-speed poke is removed
from the program. You may have no-
ticed this effect on some video games on
the Atari VCS, which uses this same
technique to expand the number of
available colors. □
RGB monitors, and the colors in
each set no longer have this relation-
ship. Figure I shows the colors you
see on a color TV or composite
monitor (this was photographed
from a Panasonic CT-I300D); Figure
2 shows the colors as displayed on
Tandy's CM-8 analog RGB monitor.
Why arc the colors so different in
the two modes? Perhaps the analog
RGB output was added after the
GIME chip design was already well
into the final design stages.
— Ed Ellcrs
Listing 1: CQLDR3
270 HLINE (X*80+10,Y*8+40)-(X*80
+40,Y*8+40) ,PSET
280 HPAINT (X*80+20,Y*8+36) ,8+X,
20 'COLOR COMPUTER 3 COLOR CHART
1
30 ' COPYRIGHT 1986
290 NEXT Y
40 ' BY RICK ADAMS AND DALE LEAR
300 NEXT X
50 • ============================
310 '
60 '
320 'POKE IN MACHINE LANGUAGE
70 'SET UP PALETTES AND VIDEO
330 '
80 •
340 FOR 1=4096 TO 4160
90 FOR 1=0 TO 15: PALETTE I,0:NEX
3 50 READ A
T I
3 60 POKE I, A
100 PALETTE 1,63
370 NEXT I
110 HSCREEN 2
380 '
120 '
390 'EXECUTE MACHINE LANGUAGE 1
130 'HIGH-SPEED POKE
400 '
140 '
410 EXEC 4096
150 POKE &HFFD9,0
420 •
160 '
430 'DATA FOR MACHINE LANGUAGE
170 'DISPLAY HEADING
440 'PORTION OF PROGRAM
180 '
450 ' ]
190 HPRINT (4,1), "Color Computer
460 DATA 26,80,198,46,247,255,3,
3 - Color Chart"
134 1
200 '
470 DATA 16,142,0,16,206,32,48,1
210 'DRAW BOXES AND NUMBERS
98
220 '
480 DATA 70,125,255,2,125,255,3,
230 FOR X=0 TO 3 'COLUMNS
42
240 HLINE (X*80+10,32)-(X*80+40,
490 DATA 251,125,255,0,125,255,1
160) ,PSET,B
,42
250 FOR Y=0 TO 15 'ROWS
500 DATA 251,90,38,245,125,255,0
260 HPRINT (X*10+5,Y+4j ,X*16+Y
,125
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Itfffifl
510 DATA
255,1,42,251,191,255,18
01
4,255
530 DATA 1,1,198,7,74,38,218,32,
520 DATA
255,186,48,137,1,1,51,2
198
Listing 2
,
aciflifl *—
1017 2A
FB 003 50 BPL CYC2
00360
00370 * WAIT FOR HORI2 SYNC
PPpLp "- = =
00020 * CYCLE VERSION 1.0
1019 7D
FF00 00380 CYC3 TST $FF00
00030 * COPYRIGHT 1986 BY
101C 7D
FF01 00390 CYC4 TST $FF01
00040 * DALE LEAR AND RICK ADAMS
101F 2A
FB 00400 BPL CYC4
00050
00401
00060
00410 * COUNT STRIPE SCAN LINES
00070 * CYCLE THROUGH 16
1021 5A
00420 DECB
00080 * DIFFERENT PALETTE COMBOS
1022 26
F5 00430 3NE CYC3
00090 * TIMED WITH THE
004 31
00100 * HORIZONTAL SYNC
00440 * WAIT FOR HORIZ SYNC
00110 * CLOCK, TO YIELD ALL
1024 7D
FF00 00450 TST $FF00
00120 * 64 COLORS ON A SINGLE
1027 7D
FF01 004 60 CYC5 TST $FF01
00130 * SCREEN
102A 2A
FB 004 70 BPL CYC5
00140 *
00480
00150
00490 * CHANGE PALETTE VALUES
1(500
00160 ORG $1000
102C BF
FFB8 00500 STX $FFB8
00170
102 F FF
FFBA 00510 STU SFFBA
00180 * INIT VERT SYNC CLOCK
00520
1000 1A
50
00190 CYCLE ORCC it $50
00530 * BUMP PALETTE VALUES
1002 C6
2E
00200 LDB #$2E
103 2 30
89 0101 00540 LEAX $0101, X
1004 F7
FF03
00210 STB $FF03
00220
00230 * SET HP FOR 16 STRIPES
1036 31
C9 0101 00550 LEAY $0101, U
00551
00560 * STRIPES ARE 8 SCAN
1007 86
10
00240 CYC1 LDA #16
00570 * LINES HIGH
00241
103A C6
07 00580 LDB #7
00250 * INITIAL PALETTE VALUES
00581
1009 BE
0010
00260 LDX #$0010
00590 * COUNT NUMBER OF STRIPES
100C CE
2030
00270 LDU #$2030
103C 4A
00600 DECA
00271
103D 26
DA 00610 BNE CYC3
00280 * FIRST STRIPE IS 70 SCAN
00611
00290 * LINES DOWN FROM TOP OF
00620 * LAST STRIPE, GO DO IT
00300 * SCREEN
00630 * AGAIN
100F C6
46
00310 LDB #70
00311
003 20 * WAIT FOR VERT SYNC
103F 20
C6 00640 BRA CYC1
00650
1000 00660 END CYCLE
1011 7D
FF02
00330 TST SFF02
1014 7D
FF03
00340 CYC2 TST $FF03
00000 TOTAL ERRORS /R\
H
f
^/ >£
CoCo Cat 1
Gf/M
_3oyo_
IA
f Jtag6 friz
NOT
Ut
Get your own CoCo Cat button by
'/ writing to Falsoft, Inc., The Falsoft
^ Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059. Please enclose $1 .50 for ship-
ping and handling.
January 1987 THE RAINBOW
novices' NICHE
These fun "quickies" help ease the newcomer
into the amazing world of computing
eginning
^— 'he new Color Computer owner buys his/her
versatile machine for its graphics and music
capabilities, organization of their home and
office, educational purposes — both in the home
and school and to acquire programming knowl-
edge — and some, simply for pure fun and enter-
tainment.
As far as the CoCo is concerned, the more you
learn, the more you realize how little you actually
know. That is why every session at the keyboard
is an adventure in learning.
THE RA IN BO W is a teaching environment and we
realize that the majority of our readers will always
be beginners. In our continuing effort to always
keep the new user in mind and in addition to the
many beginner feature articles and programs
published in every issue, "Novices' Niche" will
contain shorter BASIC program listings that will
entertain and help the new user gain expertise in
all aspects of the Color Computer: graphics, music,
games, utilities, education, programming, etc.
Contributions to "Novices' Niche" are welcome
from everyone. We like to run a variety of short
programs that can be typed in at one sitting and
will be useful, educational and fun. Keep in mind,
although the short programs are limited in scope,
many novice programmers find it enjoyable and
quite educational to improve the software written
by others.
Program submissions must be on tape or disk.
We're sorry, but we do not have the time to key
in program listings. All programs should be
supported by some editorial commentary, explain-
ing how the program works. If your submission is
accepted for publication, the payment rate will be
established and agreed upon prior to publication.
— Jutta Kapfhammer
Submissions Editor
ames
16K
ECB
Finger ©prints
By Bruce K. Bell, O.D.
Computer newcomers are often nol accustomed to efficient
typing methods and yet will spend hours entering programs
from the keyboard. Home Row Bomber provides a fun way
to develop and sharpen typing skills, even for the most
experienced typist.
Upon running the program, a fleet of eight battleships will
appear on the blue water in the lower screen. Pressing a
number (1-9) starts the game at the skill level chosen. Using
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Level 1, only the "home row" keys will be used (A, S, D, F,
G. H, J, K. L, ;). As higher levels are reached or selected,
additional keys are added.
After a level is chosen, letters will descend toward the ships
in the water. Press the letter on the keyboard corresponding
to the letter on the screen and the letter will explode.
However, if the letter reaches your battleships first, one
battleship will be destroyed for each missed letter. After each
The listing: HOME ROW
'HOME ROW BOMBER 1.0; (C) 198 6
BRUCE BELL
5 POKE359,57
10 L$="JFKDLS;AHGURIEOWPQYTMV,C.
X/ZNB74839201:-@!#$%&' ()=?><+" :P
OKE282,l
20 CLS0 : PRINT@8 , "home"CHR$ (128)"
row"CHR$ (128) "bomber" ; :FORK=0TO9
: S ( K ) =0 : NEXT : M=0 : H=0
30 FORY=28TO31:FORX=0TO63:SET(X,
Y fc 3) :NEXTX,Y:F0RK=1T08:C=(RND(5)
+2)*16:S$=CHR$(129+C)+CHR$(135+C
) +CHR$ ( 135+C) +CHR$ ( 13 1+C) : PRINT§
412+K*4,S$;:NEXT:PRINT@480,"scor
e";:PRINT§500, "level"; :GOSUB130
40 PRINT§3 2," PRESS (1-9) FOR ST
ARTING LEVEL" : I$=INKEY$ : IFI$="Q"
THEN170ELSEL=VAL(I$) :IFL<1THEN40
ELSEFORK=32T063 : PRINT@K, CHR$ ( 128
) ; :NEXT:SC=0:GOSUB130
50 FORK=0TO9
60 IFS(K)>0THEN90ELSEIFRND(DL)>1
THEN120
70 L$(K)=MID$(L$,RND(LL) ,1) :S(K)
=1
80 P(K)=32+RND(128)-1:IFPEEK(P(K
25 letters are destroyed, the level increases by one, which
allows additional letters to descend at a faster rate. At the
higher skill levels as many as 10 letters will fall simultaneously
at rapid speeds, requiring liberal use of the SHIFT key.
The game ends when all eight ships are destroyed or 20
letters reach the water. A game may be aborted by pressing
the SHIFT and down arrow keys simultaneously. The score
up to that point will then be displayed.
) +1024 ) <>12 80RPEEK(P(K) +1056) <>1
2 8THEN80
90 IFS(K)=0THEN110ELSEPRINT@P(K)
,CHR$(128) ; :P(K)=P(K)+3 2:PK=PEEK
(P(K)+1024) :PRINT@P(K) ,L$(K) ;
100 IFP(K)>415THENS(K)=0:PRINT@P
(K) ,"*"; :SOUND100,1:PRINT@P(K)AN
D4092,CHR$(12 8)CHR$(128)CHR$(128
) CHR$ ( 128 ) ; : M=M+1 : IFM=20THEN20EL
S E I FPKO 1 2 8 THENH=H+ 1 : 1 FH= 8 THEN 2
110 Q$=INKEY$ : IFQ$=" "THEN120ELSE
IFQ$=" [ "THEN20ELSEFORQ=0TO9 : IFS (
Q)=0THENNEXTQ ELSEIFQ$<>L$ (Q) THE
NNEXTELSES (Q) =0 : POKEP (Q) +1024 , 42
: SOUND200 , 1 : PRINT@P (Q) , CHR$ ( 128 )
;:SC=SC+2:PRINT@486,SC; :S=SC/100
: IFS=INT (S ) THENL=L+1 : GOSUB130
120 NEXTK:GOTO50
130 LL=L*9:IFLL>54THENLL=54
140 DL=91-L*10:IFDL<1THENDL=1:PO
KE65495,0ELSEPOKE65494,0
150 SCREEN0, (L+1)AND1
160 PRINT@486,SC*L" ";:PRINT@50
6,L? : RETURN
170 POKE359,126:POKE282 ; 255:CLS4
:PRINT"BYE BYE!":END
The listing: LEAKY
10 REM*THE LEAKY ROOF GAME
20 REM*BY J.E.RITTENHOUSE
22 CLS
25 GOSUB 600
30 PRINT :PRINT"******THE LEAKY R
OOF GAME******"
et
m
4K
ild
By James E. Rlttenhouse
The Leaky Roof game is one which combines eye-hand
coordination and a little luck.
Using the A and L keys, move the red bucket under the
water dripping from the ceiling to achieve a catch. Ten points
are awarded for each drip caught. Your score and the number
of drips missed are displayed just below the floor, and missing
five drips ends the game.
Try not to get all wet!
40 PRINT : PRINT "DIRECTIONS : "
50 PRINT"USE THE RED BUCKET TO C
ATCH THE"
55 PRINT"DRIPS AND SCORE POINTS.
IF YOU"
60 PRINT"MISS FIVE DRIPS (THEY'R
January 1987 THE RAINBOW • 27
E REALLY"
70 PRINT" BIG DRIPS) THE GAME IS
OVER . "
80 PRINT: PRINT "PRESS [A] TO MOVE
LEFT AND"
85 PRINT"PRESS [L] TO MOVE RIGHT
[ENTER] TO
90 PRINT :GOSUB 660
95 PRINT: INPUT"PRESS
BEGIN" ;ST$
100 T=0:B=0:F=288
105 CLS(0)
107 FOR H=1T061: SOUND 50,3:H=H+R
ND(50)
109 IF H>61 THEN H=61
110 FOR V=l TO 31
115 SET(H,V,3)
120 IF V=17 AND
HEN GOTO 128
122 IF V=17 AND
THEN GOTO 128
124 IF V=17 AND
THEN GOTO 128
125 GOTO 129
128 SOUND 100, 3: SOUND 75,2:GOSUB
400: GOTO 107
129 GOSUB 300
130 RESET (H,V)
140 NEXT V
150 B=B+1:IF B=5 THEN
155 PRINT@450, "MISSED
160 NEXT H
165 GOTO 107
300 C=128+16*(4-l)+ll:D=128+16*(
4-l)+3:E=128+16*(4-l)+7
F=288+INT(H/2) T
F=288+INT(H/2)-l
F=288+INT(H/2)-2
GOTO 500
DRIPS=";B;
310 IF F<288 THEN F=288
315 IF F>317 THEN F=317
320 PRINT@F,CHR$(C) ;CHR$(D) ;CHR$
(E)
3 30 A$=INKEY$:IF A$=""THEN RETUR
N
335 IF A$="A"OR A$="L"THEN GOTO
340 ELSE RETURN
340 IF A$="L"THEN PRINT@F, "" : F=F
+RND(10) :GOTO 315
3 50 IF A$="A"THEN PRINT@F, "" : F=F
-RND(10) :GOTO 310
400 T=T+10
410 PRINT@386,CHR$(C) ;CHR$(D) ;CH
R$ (E) " "=" 'T '
430 FOR X=1TO1000:NEXT X
440 RETURN
500 CLS:PRINT@288,"THE WATER'S U
P TO YOUR EARS NOW. BETTER STOP B
EFORE YOU DROWN."
505 PRINT: PRINT "YOUR SCORE WAS "
;T
510
N)
520
ND
600 G=128+16*(4-l)+6
610 FOR X=0TO31
620 PRINT@0+X,CHR$(G) ;
640 NEXT X
650 RETURN
660 FOR X=0TO31
670 PRINT@416+X,CHR$(G)
680 NEXT X
690 RETURN
PRINT: INPUT "PLAY AGAIN (Y OR
1 • p$
IF P$="Y"THEN GOTO 10 ELSE E
The listing: BflCKSTfiB
BACKS TABBER 1986
28
100
110
120
130
140
150
ALLEN DRENNAN
1986 COLOR CLOUD
19506-D INDUSTRIAL
SONORA, CA. 95370
DR.
4K
isit To The [Past
By Allen Drennan
Backstabbcr 1986 is similar to the old Breakout games first
available for the CoCo I and is a great game for beginners.
You need a joystick to play. Start by bouncing the ball off
your paddle and the four layers of blocks. If the ball hits the
ground below your paddle you lose a man. Three men are
given at the start of the game and the CoCo keeps score. To
win you must clear the entire board of blocks or reach a score
of 240.
160 ' (209) 533-8489
170 '
180 CLS0
190 E$=CHR$(227)+CHR$(227)+CHR$(
227)+CHR$(227) : F$=CHR$ (128) +CHR$
(128)+CHR$(128)+CHR$(128)
THE RAINBOW January 1987
200
=15
210
220
,30
INT
230
240
250
2 60
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
3 60
MN=3 : R0=3 : 00=3 : RL=3 : BX=60 : BY
:SX=1:SY=1
FOR J=2 TO 61
SET(J,5,4) :SET(J,1,4) : :SET(J
,4) : SET (1, INT (J/2) ,4) : SET (62,
(J/2) ,4)
NEXT J
FOR J=8 TO 14 STEP 2
FOR 1=2 TO 61
SET(I,J,5)
NEXT I: NEXT J
PRINT @ 448+00, F$;
PRINT 6 448+RL,E$;
00=RL
RL=INT ( JOYSTK (0 ) /2 )
IF RL>27 THEN RL=27
IF RL<1 THEN RL=1
IF BX=2 OR BX=61 THEN SX=-SX
IF BY=6 THEN SY=-SY
IF BY<>29 THEN 390
370 SOUND 100, 8: RESET (BX, BY) : BX=
60 : BY=15 : SX=1 : SY=1 : MN=MN-1
380 IF MN=0 THEN RUN ELSE 280
390 RESET (BX, BY) :BX=BX+SX:BY=BY+
SY
400 IF BX>61 THEN BX=61
410 IF BX<2 THEN BX=2
420 IF POINT (BX, BY) =7 THEN 430 E
LSE 450
4 30 SOUND 150,1:SY=-SY:BY=BY-1:A
=RND(2):IF A=l THEN SX=-1 ELSE S
X=l
440 GOTO 280
450 IF POINT (BX, BY) =0 THEN 490
460 SOUND 1,1:C0=C0+1:IF CO=240
THEN 200
470 PRINT @ 42, "SCORE :";C0;
480 SY=-SY:GOTO 3 90
490 SET(BX,BY,5)
500 GOTO 280
raphics
I6K
ECB
t
I
appy \ew 1 ear!
/ J.
By Carmie A. Thomas
The following program draws New Year's graphics and
plays a familiar tune.
Happy New Year to all!
The listing: NEW YEAR
5 PM0DE4,1
10 PCLS:SCREEN1,1
20 CIRCLE (188, 56) ,50
30 DRAW"BM156,28;D18U9R6U9D18U9B
R10BD9BL8E10F10BL8BU4L4BR16U10D2
0U20R8D8L8R8BR8U8D20U20R8D8L8R8B
R8D12U12H4BR9G4BD20BL60
40 DRAW"BM170 , 60 ; D10BU10BR5D10U3
H4BR8U3D10R5BU5L5BU5R5BR8BD10H5U
5BR5D8U8R5D10E5U5BD15BL40F5E5G5D
10BR11U14R5BD7L5D7R5BR3E10F10BL5
BU5L10BR19U10D15U15R5D5L5R5D2R1D
2R1D2R1D2R1D2BD20BL30F5L8E5BG3 6D
40U50D53
50 CIRCLE (184 ,13 6) ,30,1,1, .50, .8
60 DRAW"BM24,20;S5L2R2D20L4R8BR1
0U20L5D5R5BR10U5D20R5U11L5U10R5D
10BR7BU10R8D20
70 DRAW"BM0,160;R2 50
80 DRAW"BM3 6,172;S8R10H5G5E5U5H1
0R20G10BU4L3R6L3BU3R1D1L1U1BL2BU
2R1D1L1U1BU5BR6R1D1L1U1
90 DRAW"BM70, 168 ;R10D2L10U2" : DRA
W"BM70,169;L3D1R3
100 CIRCLE (94, 168) , 5 : CIRCLE (94 , 1
68) ,3
110 DRAW"BU40G10E30H2G15F2H1G4L1
U1L1R1BE5R4E5L4E5R4
200 G=147:C=176:E=193:D=185
210 SOUNDG,5:SOUNDC,5:SOUNDC,7:S
OUNDC , 5 : SOUNDE , 5 : SOUNDD , 5 : S0UND1
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 29
: SOUNDE , 5 : SOUNDD , 5 : SOUNDC , 5
240 :SOUND159,5:SOUND159,5:SOUND
147,5:SOUND176,5
1000 GOTO1000
I6K
ECB
[pEEKasso Prints
By Keiran Kenny
Peekasso is a simple drawing program that uses PEEK
(135) and the keyboard. The arrow keys are used to move
up, down, left and right. The W key is used to move north-
east, the S key to move south-east, the Q to move north-west
and the A for south-west. A pixel is set at the center of the
The listing: PEEKASSO
'PEEKASSO' : BY KEIRAN KENNY,
THE HAGUE, 198 6.
10 PMODE4, 1:COLOR0, 5 :PCLS: SCREEN
1,1
20 X=128:Y=96
30 PSET(X,Y,0) :GOTO50
40 P=PEEK(135)
50 IFP=94THENY=Y-1
60 IFP=10THENY=Y+1
70 IFP=8THENX=X-1
80 IFP=9THENX=X+1
90 IFP=65THENX=X-1:Y=Y+1
100 IFP=81THENX=X-1:Y=Y-1
110 IFP=87THENX=X+l:Y=Y-l
120 IFP=83THENX=X+l:Y=Y+l
130 IFX<0THENX=0:POKE135,0
140 IFX>255THENX=255:POKE135,0
screen and by pressing the appropriate key, the trace will
continue drawing in the required direction. Press another
directional key and the trace will change direction without
stopping. To stop movement, press any key except 1, 2, 3 or
4.
The 1 key will give you a flashing cursor which can be
moved to any location using the direction keys. The 2 key
will restore the pixel for drawing af the new location. To erase
a line, press I and go back in the direction from which you
came. And, if you run into the edge of the screen, the trace
stops and wait for another directional key to be pressed.
To save a masterpiece, press the play and record buttons
on the cassette recorder and then press 3. To load a previously
savetj picture, position the tape in the appropriate position
and press 4. A flashing cursor will appear at the top-left
corner of the screen when the loading is complete.
150 IFY<0THENY=0:POKE135,0
160 IFY>191THENY=191:POKE135,0
170 IFP=49THENC=5
180 IFP=50THENC=0
190 IFP=51GOSUB240
200 IFP=52GOSUB250
210 IFC=5THENCIRCLE(X,Y) ,1,0:CIR
CLE(X,Y) ,1,C:GOTO230ELSEPSET(X,Y
,C)
220 FORD=1TO100:NEXT
230 GOTO40
240 POKE135,0:CSAVEM"",PEEK(&HBA
)*256,PEEK(&HB7)*256-l,ScHB44A:X=
: Y=0 : C=5 : RETURN
2 50 PCLS:POKE135,0:CLOADM:X=0:Y=
: C=5 : RETURN
I6K
ECB
Astronomer's Ln
By Robie Kressman
eaven
The following program will display six big dippers in the
night sky. If you would like to change screen colors, change
Line 15 to: 15 SCREEN 1,0. You can also change Line 55 to:
55 GOTO 5 and the dippers will blink on and off.
Thelisting:BIGDIPPR
1 i *** DIPPER ***
2 ' BY ROBIE KRESSMAN
5 PMODE 4,1
10 PCLS
15 SCREEN 1,1
20 DRAW "BM60,60R60G15NL30GL30G
H50L30GH50L30U20FR30U20
25 DRAW "BM170,60R60G15NL30GL30
GH50L30GH50L30U20FR30U20
30 DRAW "BM180,60R60G15NL30GL30
GH50L30GH50L30U20FR30U20
40 DRAW "BM190,60R60G15NL30GL30
GH50L30GH50L30U20FR30U20
45 DRAW "BM160,60R60G15NL30GL30
GH50L30GH50L30U20FR30U20
50 DRAW "BM200,60R60G15NL30GL30
GH50L30GH50L30U20FR30U20
55 GOTO 55
30
THE RAINBOW January 1987
M s k i r-i =3 -t I-. <=? t ^MicroWorld J
CdCd's AFFORDABLE. _ ..
£=> +
CoCo II
$87
CoCo III
$169
Drive
$175
CM-8 Monitor
$248
Sakata Mon i tor
$185
(composite driver
incl . )
Deluxe Joystick
$24
Mouse
$40
Mul tiPak
$75
RS-232 Pack
$27
CCR-81 Cass.Rec.
$42
CCR-82
$27
Disks(SS)
Disks(DS)
DMP-105
DMP-430
DMP-130
$7.50/box
$8.00/box
$110
$545
$215
Tandy 1000 EX $550
Tandy 1000 SX $870
VM-4 Monitor $99
CM-10 Monitor $360
CM-5 Monitor $240
CoCo 3 512K Upgrade $130
MultiPak Upgrade (26-3024) $8
MultiPak Upgrade (26-3124) $7
Please Note - Our ada are submitted
early, so prlcea are subject to change!!!
We appreciate your- cooperation &. ..
understanding In this matter.
Method of Payment;
MC. V1aa, Am.Ex. - Sorry, No C1t1l1ne!
Certified Check or Money Order.
Peraonal Checka - Allow 1 week to clear!
snaies »»iaa©3e ilbstf ^^^iiilaibil4£
* Full TANDY
Warranty
* 10035 TANDY
PRODUCTS
==> CALL <==
In Pa:
215/759-7662
In N.J. :
FREE Shipping 201/735-6777
COMPUTER CENTER
fl=n^
MicroWorld
230 Mooreslown Road, Wind Gap, PA I809I
l.aneco Plaza, Clinton, N.J. 08809
ALL PRICES INCLUDE SHIPPING ! I !
lOO* TANDY EQUIPMENT WITH FULL
RADIO SHACK WARRANTY
tilities
4K
Songwriter's ord Lnihymer
By Bill Bernico
Whether you're a poet, a songwriter or just a wise guy who
needs to come up with a rhyming word, the following
program may suit your needs.
All you have to do is type in the word you are trying to
rhyme and the CoCo will display 65 combinations of words,
13 at a time, that rhyme with it. Granted, not all 65 words
will be valid words, or even words that make sense. However,
if the list contains even one word that helps finish your poem,
it's done its job.
The listing: RHYMER
10 'SONGWRITER'S WORD RHYMER
20 'FROM KROMICO SOFTWARE
30 'BY BILL BERNICO
40 ■
50 CLS: INPUT "WORD TO RHYME" ;W$
60 T$=MID$(W$,2,LEN(W$)) :CLS
70 FOR R=l TO 65: READ R$
80 PRINT R$+T$
90 IF R=13 OR R=2 6 OR R=39 OR R=
52 OR R=65 THEN GOSUB 120
100 NEXT: RUN
110 DATA A,B,BL,BR,C,CH,CL,CR,D,
DR^jF/FL^R^^GR^,!, J,K,KL # L,M
,MIN,MIS,N,0,OB,P,PH,PHO,PHY,PL,
PR,PRA,PRE,PRO,PSY,QU,R,S,SC,SCH
,SH,SK,SL,SM,SN,SP,ST,STR,SQU,SW
,T,TH,THR,TR,U,V,W,WH,WR,X,Y,Z
120 PRINT: PRINT@452, "HIT ANY KEY
TO CONTINUE
130 IF INKEY$=""THEN 130
140 RETURN
P
16K
ECB
eacher's j^et
By Christine Terrio
Spelling Worksheet Generator is a simple program that
will print a spelling word list of up to 20 words to aid students
in handwriting practice of words on spelling tests.
To replace the words with your own, change the data
statements in lines 1000, 1010, 1020 and 1030. The elongated
or double-wide printer codes are located in Line 75, and are
turned off in Line 115. The baud rate is set to run on the
Olivetti ink-jet printer at 2400 baud.
The listing: SPELPRRC
5 'SPELPRAC
10 'BY CHRISTINE TERRIO 11/85
15 CLS: PRINT "PRESS (BREAK) AND
LOAD YOUR OWN"
20 PRINT "WORDS INTO DATA LINES.
START AT LINE 1000"
25 PRINT "USE ONLY 5 WORDS IN EA
CH DATA LINE"
30 PRINT "THEN RUN AGAIN"
35 PRINT" PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE
";BK$
40 INPUT BK$
45 IF INKEY$ = " " THEN 50
50 CLS:PRINT"SET PRINTER AT 2400
BAUD"
55 PRINT"THEN PRESS (ENTER) ";X$
60 INPUT X$
65 POKE 150,18
70 CLS: PRINT @288 , "PRINTING"
75 PRINT#-2,CHR$(27) ;CHR$(51)
80 PRINT#-2 , "NAME" ;STRING$ (24 , 95
) ;"DATE";STRING$(8,95)
85 PRINT#-2, "WRITE EACH WORD 4 O
R 5 TIMES";STRING$(2,13)
90 FOR X= 1 TO 20 STEP 1
95 READ A$
100 PRINT#-2,A$+STRING$(40-LEN(A
$) ,95) ;STRING$(2,13)
105 NEXT X
110 RESTORE
115 PRINT#-2,CHR$(27) ;CHR$(52)
120 CLS:PRINT"DO YOU WANT ANOTHE
R? (Y/N) "
125 PRINT"IF YES, POSITION PRINTE
R AT THE TOP OF THE NEXT PAGE" ;
Y$
130 INPUT Y$
13 5 IF Y$="Y" THEN GOTO 70
140 IF Y$<>"Y" THEN END
1000 DATA REWARD, RECESS, RESULT
, RECORD, RECITE
1010 DATA REMAIN, REFUSE, REPLY,
RESPECT, REMEMBER
1020 DATA REMIND, RETURN, REJECT
, REPEAT, REMAINDER
1030 DATA REVIEW, RECEIVE, REMOV
E, RELIEF, RECEIPT
1040 DATA END ^
32
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Also from Falsoft, The
BOW MAKER,
The magazine for Tandy portable and MS-DOS users
Not only does Tandy produce our favorite CoCo, we think they produce the best and best-priced lap-
top portable and MS-DOS computers as well. We've found that when satisfied Color Computer users
decide to add portability or move to MS-DOS, many stick with Tandy. For these people we publish PCM,
The Personal Computer Magazine for Tandy Computer Users.
Each month in PCM, you'll find information and programs for the Tandy 100, 102, 200 and 600 portable
computers. And you'll find even more coverage for their MS-DOS machines, the 1000, 1200, 2000 and
3000, along with the great new 1000 EX, 1000 SX and 3000 HL.
FREE PROGRAMS!
We learned from the rainbow that readers want programs to type in, so each month we bring you an
assortment of them: games, utilities, graphics, and home and business applications.
BAR CODE LISTINGS AND PROGRAM DISKS!
For portable users, PCM is the only home computer publication in the world that brings you programs
in bar code, ready to scan into memory like magic with the sweep of a wand! For those who don't have
time to type in listings, we offer a companion disk service with all the programs from the magazine.
TUTORIALS AND PRODUCT REVIEWS!
As if all this weren't enough, we offer regular tutorials on telecommunications and hardware; assembly
language, basic and pascal programming tips; and in-depth reviews of the new software, peripherals
and services as they are released. Add it all up and we think you'll find PCM to be the most informative
and fun magazine for this market today!
To order by phone {credit card orders only) call 800-847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST. For other inquiries
call 502-228-4492.
□ YES! Please send me a one year (12 issues)
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U.S. currency only, please.
Mail to: PCM, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059
I
Most Howard Medical products are COCO 3 compatible,
some require special patches. Please inquire when you order.
GUARANTEE — Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee is meant to eliminate the uncertainty of dealing with
a company through the mail. Once you receive our hardware, try it out, test it for compatability. If you're not
happy with it for any reason, return it in 30 days and we'll give you your money back, (less shipping).
COCO MAX II
I <PL< >DI
4i"7Q /I EZ
Y CABLE
$19.45
FONT EDITOR
!>ols
$19.45
RS DOS ROM CHIP
ROM chip fits inside disk controller 24 h J&M
Ollei Release I I
cOfl
BOTEK
(S2 shipping)
each
Serial to parallel converter converts the CoCo 4 pin serial
i to run a parallel printer like Star or Epsu
ies all cables. Add $10 for modem attachment
I
($2 shipping)
$6845
i8R0
WORD PACK RS
NEW FROM
DISK
CONTROLLER J£|V|
i>ularDC-
■ R( >m IDOS, manual
.mil .in h i ui metal
i epts RSDOS
($2 shipping) vfjO
ROM pack is the hardware answer for an 80 column
display It includes a built-in video controller to dnve a
monochrome monitor like our 123A To get started, you
need OS-9 2.0, a Y-cable or multipack interlace drl
and a monochrome monitor CQQ
($2 shipping) ^05J
New basic driver runs word pack without
need for an OS-9.
TEAC DISK
55B DRIVE
ia spare slots in the Radio Shack
501 Disk Drive T"hi; ve features 40 track, double
sided 360K potential and a six
i ate
($2 shipping)
$132
The DD-2 combines the Teac 55B with our '/•> height
mtal case and heavy ^ - O O
! ' P,y (S2 shipping) SlOO
ntalwlth heavy dut)
oc aa
ihipplng] *35.00
ighi drives
($2 tupping) •>-'» 3U
I Inward Medical has lo< few
typeM the fandy Color
Computer and we offer then it mall
prices. These typewriters bri gapbetv
atrtx and daisy wheel prim ellent li
ird ai cess rry one in your h«
I 30 days and if you do not agree that this is the I
both worlds return it pre-paid
refund
OLIVETTI CX880 with limit-. I port joqc*
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$286*
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Needs $98 parallel & serial interfa< e adaptei
$ 315*
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MONTHLY MAGAZINE
It's called the premier Color Computer magazine for good
reason. THE RAINBOW is the biggest, best, brightest and most
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wonder we get letters daily praising THE RAINBOW, the
magazine one reader calls "A Pot Of Gold" for his Color
Computer.
THE RAINBOW features more programs, more information
and more in-depth treatment of the Tandy Color Computer than
any other source.
A monthly issue contains more than 200 pages and up to two
dozen programs, 14 regular columns and as many as 20 product
reviews. And advertisements: THE RAINBOW is known as the
medium for advertisers — which means every month it has a
wealth of information unavailable anywhere else about new
products! Hundreds of programs are advertised in its pages
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But what makes THE RAINBOW is its people. Nationally
known people like Bill Barden, who has written 27 books on
computer topics and writes for us each month. Or, Fred Scerbo,
who writes special programs at the request of readers. Experts
like Dick White and Joseph Kolar, two of the most knowledge-
able writers on BASIC. Communicators like Marty Goodman and
Cray Augsburg, who stay abreast of telecommunications
advances. Or, Dan Downard, RAINBOW technical editor, who
answers our readers' toughest questions. Educators like Dr.
Michael Plog and Steve Blyn, who show how CoCo can be used
at home or school. Advanced programmers like Dale Puckett,
who guide you through the sophisticated OS-9 operating
system. Electronics experts like Tony DiStefano, who explain
the "insides" of the CoCo. These people, and many others, visit
you monthly through columns available only in THE RAINBOW.
Every single issue of THE RAINBOW covers the wide
spectrum of interests in the Tandy Color Computer — from
beginners' tutorials and arcade games to telecommunications
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CoCo's capabilities. And, monthly reviews by independent
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Join the tens of thousands who have found THE RAINBOW
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We're willing to bet that, a year from now, you'll be doing the
same. For more information call (502) 228-4492. For credit card
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CO
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Tivo greaf ways fo bring
f/?e Rainbow into your life
Rainbow on Tape
& Rainbow On Disk!
For more than four years now, tens of thousands of
RAINBOW readers have enjoyed the luxury of RAINBOW
ON TAPE. Each month our tape service subscribers receive
all the great programs from the pages of THE RAINBOW
(those over 20 lines long), without the trouble of having to
type them in.
Now, in addition to RAINBOW ON TAPE, there is
RAINBOW ON DISK — another great way to bring THE
RAINBOW into your life.
Each month, all you do is pop the tape into your cassette
player or the disk into your drive. No more lost weekends
typing, typing, typing. As soon as you read an article about
a program in THE RAINBOW, it's ready to load and run.
No work. No wait.
Yes, you could type the programs in yourself, as many
people do. But all of them? Every month? There simply isn't
enough time.
Just think how your software library will grow. With your
first year's subscription, you'll get almost 250 new pro-
grams: games, utilities, business programs, home applica-
tions — the full spectrum of THE RAINBOW'S offerings
without the specter of keying in page after page of listings
and then debugging. And, with RAINBOW ON DISK, you'll
also get all the OS-9 programs.
RAINBOW ON TAPE and RAINBOW ON DISK — as
we've said before, they're the "meat" of THE RAINBOW at
a price that's "small potatoes." And now you even have a
choice about how it should be served up to you.
To get your first heaping helping, just fill out and return
the attached reply card. No postage necessary.
Drive and l269 95
One double sided drive with doubler board and new RS
controller so you can have the equivalent of 2 drives in
one. You can even backup from to 1 . Works with all
CoCo's. Compatible w/RS DOS. No special operating
system needed.
EPSON* LX-80 PRINTER
239
95
The logical choice for your CoCo! 80 column, 100 CPS
in draft mode, 16 CPS in near letter quality mode, IK
Buffer, compatible with CoCo max. 1 year warranty?
LX-80 Tractor Feed 27.95. Serial to parallel converter
starting at only 49.95.
*We arc authorized Epson* Sales and Service
2 Drives 299 95
Both our drive and 1 in one case, with cable and R.S.
controller. The best just got better!
Drive 1 Upgrade A J.V
Add a second l h height drive to your Radio Shack® Thin
Line Disk Drive. Comes with 3 minute installation
instructions, screwdriver required. Please specify either
catalog #26-3 129 or 26-3 13 1 when ordering.
Drive 1
125
95
Your Choice
Silver or White
SUPER DRIVE SALE
199 95
Drive
Special prices on new first quality disk drives. They even have GOLD connectors on the back . . . Some other places charge 229.00 for
dr. 1 and 299.00 for dr. 0, not us! Drive 1 isI.SecondColorComputerdrive.orexternalmodlll, IV. Drive 1 just plugs into the extra
connector on your DrivcOcablc. Both drives are compatible with any versionof the Color Computer and all versionsof drives. DriveO
is your first Color Computer drive and comes complete with cable, manual, and R.S. controller. Bare full hgtSSDD drive only 79.95.
THE COMPUTER CENTER
901-761-4565, 5512 Poplar, Memphis, TN 381 19
Add $4.90 for shipping and handling— Visa, MC & money orders accepted, No CODs
Allow an additional 3 weeks for personal checks — Drive faceplates may vary slightly
Prices subject to change without notice. Radio Shack is a registered trademark of Tandy Corporation
Prices subject to change without notice.
GAME • V
• *
'Only your skill and 'nerve can'pr.&tecL
(he plane t from these elu'sjve ener
Lett th^z^ieiJid! ttle-RGg i n
.■ .: • wsS'i.i
':■,'•
*w
Qv Curt Coty
,to:
~W~^ef Mov is an action game which challenges you to
m M defend your home planet against the enemy. After
M-~J loading and running DefMov, a low resolution title
screen appears while the computer sets up the graphics
screen. When the game board appears, the computer plays
a short tune and the ground begins to scroll by as you fly
your ship over the blue soil. Press the right joystick button
to begin your battle against the enemy.
The object of the game is to shoot down the enemy before
his ship reaches the left side of the screen. To do this, you
use the right joystick to move your ship vertically and to
fire the laser. Your spare ships are located on the lower-left
part of the screen. You also have three superzappers in your
arsenal that you can activate by moving the joystick
completely to the left. Be careful not to activate a super-
zapper by mistake, for they will prove to be very valuable
as the game progresses. Your superzappers are the z-shaped
fi§H
lines on the lower-right side of the screen. When activated,
superzappers destroy the enemy regardless of where he is.
The enemy attacks in waves of 10, and beginning with
the fourth wave they begin to shoot back at you. With each
new wave, the enemy becomes faster and harder to hit.
Located in the lower center of the screen is your enemy
casualty gauge. When you shoot down about 35 enemies
and the gauge reaches the full mark, you have a chance to
earn an extra superzapper. You now enter what is called the
bonus tunnel. To earn an extra superzapper you must
successfully fly your ship through the jagged tunnel without
crashing into the walls. Once the ship has started moving
you can't stop it, so be ready.
The scrolling of the ground and the movement of the ships
are all created using the GET and PUT statements. I used
combinations of the PM0DE4 and PM0DE3 screens to add
color to the high resolution PM0DE4 screen. Score is kept
by summing the horizontal positions of the enemy ships
each time you hit one. Therefore, the quicker you shoot the
enemy, the greater the X value will be, and in turn, the more
points you will earn.
I welcome comments on the quality of my program, or
perhaps suggestions on improving the play. 1 am only
familiar with basic language, however. Good luck and have
fun!
(Questions or comments about this game may be
addressed to Curt at 4072 Eleven Mile Rd., Auburn, MI
48611. Please enclose an SASE when writing.) □
Curt Coty attends college in Michigan, and is pursuing a
degree in electrical engineering. A self-taught programmer.
Curl also enjoys sports.
THE RAINBOW January 1987
\
y/
f 250 .. .
...231
460 .. .
...198
690 ...
...246
870 ...
...198
1120 ..
....13
1340 ..
...151
1580 ..
...201
1770 . .
...238
END ..
57
^^^ —
The listing: DEF MOV
10 'DEF MOV BY CURT COTY 10/24/
86
20 POKE 65495,0
30 CLS4
40 PRINT@ 1 , STRING$ ( 30 , " * " ) ;
50 PRINT@481,STRING$(30,"*") ;
60 PRINT@237,"def mov" ;
70 PRINT @ 3 6 2," by curt coty" ;
80 SCREEN0,1
90 DIM BG(245,10) ,SG(10,10)
100 PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS0
1 10 DRAW" BM9 , 50 ; U7 ; R5 ; F3 ; R10 7 G4 ;
L13
120 ' DRAW GROUND
130 PMODE3,l:COLOR2,l:G=165
140 FOR T=0 TO 255
150 R=RND(3) :G=G+(R-2)
160 IF G<160 THEN G=160 ELSE IF
G>170 THEN G=170
170 PSET(T,G) :NEXT T: PAINT (0 , 190
)
180 'DRAW SUPERZAPPERS
190 DRAW"BM230,175;C3;G5;R5;G7
200 DRAW"BM240,175;C3;G5;R5;G7
210 DRAW"BM250,175;C3;G5;R5;G7
220 'DRAW RESERVE SHIPS
2 30 DRAW"BM15,185;C3;U7;R5;F3;R1
0;G4;L13
240 DRAW"BM45,185;C3;U7;R5;F3;R1
0;G4;L13
250 'DRAW ENEMY GUAGE
260 DRAW"BM190,175;C0;D10
270 DRAW"BM90,175;C0;D10
280 GOSUB 360
290 SOUNDl,5
300 RUN 310
310 DIM SH(25,25) : GET (5 , 35) - (30 ,
60) ,SH
320 DIM MT(35,20) : GET (100 , 100) - (
135,120) ,MT
3 30 DIM EN (30, 15)
340 GOSUB 580
3 50 GOTO 450
3 60 ' GROUND SCROLLING ROUTINE
370 SCREENl:POKE 65314,248
380 PLAY"03L16A04C03D04C03A04C03
A04C03DO4C03AO4C03L16BO4CDC03BAG
ABAGF#EF#GF#EDC#DEDC#02BABAGF#GA
B03C#D02BAGF#EL8D"
390 GET(0,160)-(10,170) ,SG
400 GET(10,160)-(255,170) ,BG
410 PUT(0,160)-(245,170) ,BG
420 PUT(245,160)-(255,170) ,SG
4 30 IF PEEK (652 80) =12 6 OR PEEK (6
5280) =254 THEN RETURN
440 GOTO 390
450 'MAIN LOOP
460 X=220:LL=90:ES=2:Y=35:SZ=230
:SL=45:NO=0:SC=0:W=l:SN=-20
470 A=JOYSTK(0) : B=JOYSTK (1)
480 IF PEEK(65280)=126 OR PEEK(6
5280) =254 THEN GOTO 830
490 IF B>53 THEN Y=Y+3 ELSE IF B
<10 THEN Y=Y-3
500 IF Y>135 THEN Y=135 ELSE IF
Y<0 THEN Y=0
510 PUT(5,Y)-(30,Y+25) ,SH
520 PUT(X,R)-(X+30,R+15) ,EN,PSET
530 X=X-ES
540 IF X<10 THEN GOSUB 1080
550 IF A=0 THEN GOSUB 920
560 IF ABS(SN-X)<15 THEN GOSUB 1
830
570 GOTO 470
580 ' FIRST ENEMY
590 NE=0
600 COLOR 3,1
6 10 draw" bm2 2 8 , 100 ; d2 ; r10 ; d3 ; l5 ;
r10 ; u3 ; r2 ; u3 ; l2 ; u3 ; l10 ; r5 ; d3 ; l10
;di
620 GET(223,93)-(253,108) ,EN,G
630 R=93:W=W+1:ES=ES+1:IF ES>8 T
HEN ES=8
640 CLS4:PRINT@298, "score" ;SC; :P
RINT@2 66,"wave no.";W;
650 FOR T=l TO 2000: NEXT TtPMODE
4, 1: SCREEN 1: POKE 65314,248
660 RETURN
670 ' SECOND ENEMY
680 COLOR 3,1
690 DRAW" BM2 2 8,100 ;E5;R10 ;D2;L4 ;
G3 ; F3 ; R4 ; D2 ; L10 ; H5
700 GET(225,93)-(255,108) ,EN,G
710 R=9 3:ES=ES+l:W=W+l:IF ES>8 T
HEN ES=8
720 CLS4:PRINT@298, "score" ;SC; :P
RINT@2 66,"wave no.";W;
7 30 FOR T=l TO 2000: NEXT T:PMODE
4,l:SCREENl:POKE 65314,248
740 RETURN
750 ' THIRD ENEMY
7 60 COLOR 3,1
770 DRAW"BM2 2 6,100;D2;R20;U3;L20
; Dl ; Ul ; R8 ; E3 ; R7 ; D9 ; L7 ; H3
780 GET(225,93)-(255,108) ,EN,G
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 37
790 W=W+1:R=93:ES=ES+1:IF ES>8 T
HEN ES=8
800 CLS4:PRINT@298, "score" ;SC; :P
RINT@2 66,"wave no." ;W;
810 FOR T=l TO 2000: NEXT T:PMODE
4,l:SCREENl:POKE 65314,248
820 RETURN
830 'SHOOTING ROUTINE
840 PMODE 3,1: COLOR 2,1
850 LINE(30,Y+11)-(255,Y+11) , PSE
T
860 PLAY"T255;L255;BBBBGGGEEC
870 COLORl,0:LINE(30,Y+ll)-(255,
Y+ll) ,PSET
880 ES=ES+.5:IF ES>8 THEN ES=8
890 NO=NO+l:IF NO>12 THEN NO=12
900 IF ABS((Y+3)-R)<6 THEN GOSUB
1200
910 GOTO 510
920 'SUPERZAPPER ROUTINE
930 IF SZ=260 THEN RETURN
940 PMODE4,l: COLOR 1,0
950 LINE (30, Y+ll) - (X+15, R+7 ), PSE
T
960 FOR T=l TO 50
970 PLAY"T255;A;B;C
980 SCREENl:PMODE3,l
990 PLAY"T255;D;E;F
1000 SCREENl:PMODE4,l
1010 NEXT T
1020 PMODE4,l:SCREENl: COLOR 0,1:
POKE 65314, 248:LINE(30,Y+11)-(X+
15 R+7) PSET
1030 PMODE3,l:DRAW"BM"+STR$(SZ)+
",175;C2;G5;R5;G7
1040 SZ=SZ+10
1050 PUT(X,R)-(X+30,R+15) ,MT,PSE
T
1060 GOSUB 1200
1070 RETURN
1080 'ENEMY REACHES LEFT SIDE
1090 PLAY"T5 ; L200 ; 05 ; BAGFEC ; 03 ; B
AGFEC ; 01 ; BAGFEC ; LI ; C
1100 FOR T=l TO 400: NEXT T
1110 IF SL=-15 THEN 1910
1120 PLAY"T100;L100;O2;BBAAGGFFE
ECCEFGAB
1130 DRAW"BM"+STR$(SL)+",185;C2;
U7 ; R5 ; F3 ; R10 ; G4 ; L13
1140 PUT(5,Y)^(35,Y+20) ,MT
1150 PUT(X,R)-(X+35,R+20) ,MT
1160 R=RND(140) :X=220
1170 PLAY"03
1180 SL=SL-30
1190 RETURN
1200 'SHIP HITS ENEMY
1210 PUT(X,R)-(X+35,R+15) ,MT
1220 PUT(X,R)-(X+20,R+15) , EN
12 30 PLAY"T255;L2 55;BBCCBBCCBBCC
1240 PUT(X,R)-(X+35,R+15) ,MT
1250 SC=SC+INT(X)
12 60 ES=ES- (NO* . 5 ) : NO=0
1270 R=RND(140) :X=220
1280 NE=NE+1:IF NE=10 THEN GOSUB
670 ELSE IF NE=20 THEN GOSUB 75
ELSE IF NE=30 THEN GOSUB 580
1290 LL=LL+3
1300 PM0DE3, l:PSET(LL, 180,0) :PSE
T(LL-1, 180,0) :PSET(LL-2, 180,0)
1310 IF LL>186 THEN SOUND 10,10:
GOSUB 1350
1320 SC=SC+INT(X)
1330 IF W>3 THEN SN=RND(210)
1340 RETURN
1350 'BONUS TUNNEL ROUTINE
1360 PUT(5,Y)-(35,Y+20) ,MT
1370 CLS4:PRINT§225, "prepare to
enter bonus tunnel";
1380 PRINT@298,"score";SC;
1390 PM0DE4 , 1 : COLOR 1,0
1400 LINE(0,70)-(20,90) ,PSET
1410 LINE(0, 128)-(20, 108) , PSET
1420 1=90
1430 FOR P=20 TO 255
1440 R=RND(3) :I=I+(R-2)
1450 IF K80 THEN 1=80 ELSE IF I
>100 THEN 1=100
1460 PSET(P, I, 1) :PSET(P, 1+18,1)
1470 NEXT P
1480 SH$="U7;R5;F3;R10;G4;L13
1490 DRAW" BM0, 100 ;"+SH$
1500 SCREEN1:P0KE 65314,248:1=10
0:SOUND100,10
1510 FOR X=0 TO 1500: NEXT X:SOUN
D 200,1
1520 DRAW" BM0, 100 ;C0;"+SH$
1530 FOR P=0 TO 235 STEP 2
1540 A=JOYSTK(0) :B=J0YSTK(1)
1550 IF B>53 THEN 1=1+1 ELSE IF
B<10 THEN 1=1-1
1560 DRAW"BM"+STR$(P)+","+STR$(I
)+"Cl"+SH$
1570 IF PPOINT(P+6,I-8)=l OR PPO
INT(P+15,I)=1 OR PPOINT(P+19,I-4
)=1 THEN 1650
1580 DRAW"BM"+STR$ (P) +" , "+STR$ (I
)+"C0"+SH$
1590 NEXT P
1600 FOR T=l TO 20 : PLAY"T255 ;L55
;CEFGAB":NEXT T
1610 CLS4:PRINT@229, "**bonus sup
erzapper**" ;
1620 SZ=SZ-10
1630 PM0DE3 , 1 : DRAW"BM"+STR$ (SZ) +
",175;C3;G5;R5;G7"
1640 GOTO 1700
1650 'SHIP CRASHED
1660 DRAW"BM"+STR$ (P+9) +" , "+STR$
38
THE RAINBOW January 1987
(1-3)+" ;G5 ;Elj3 ;G5 ;H5 ;Flj8 ;H5 ;L5 ;R
1£S;L5;U5;D10
167^ SOUND 1,20
168)3 FOR T=l TO500:NEXT T
169)3 CLS4:PRINT@2 68,"no bonus";
1700 COLOR 0,1
1710 PMODE4,l
17 20 DRAW"BM"+STR$(P+9)+ ,l ,"+STR$
(1-3) +" ;C0 ;G5 ;E10 ;G5 ;H5 ;F10 ;H5 ;L
5;R10;L5;U5;D10
17 30 COLOR 1,0
LINE(0,70)-(255,70) , PSET
LINE(0,128)-(255,128) , PSET
PAINT(0,90) ,1,1:PAINT(0,90)
1740
1750
1760
,0,0
1770
1780
1790
1800
,248
1810
1820
1830
1840
1850
1860
PMODE 3,1: COLOR 6,1
LINE(92,180)-(189,180) , PSET
LL=90
PMODE3,l: SCREEN 1: POKE 65314
R=RND(140) :X=220
RETURN
' ENEMY SHOOTS AT SHIP
PMODE3,l: COLOR 3,1
LINE(X,R+7)-(5,R+7) , PSET
PLAY"T100 ; L255 ; CCCCACCCCA"
COLOR l,0:LINE(X,R+7)-(5,R+
1870
7) ,PSET
1880 IF ABS((Y+3)-R)<6 THEN GOSU
B 1080
1890 SN=RND(210)
RETURN
1 END OF GAME
FOR T=l TO 50
CIRCLE (127, 96) ,T*2, , .8
PMODE4 , 1 : SCREEN1 , 1
PLAY"02 ;L"+STR$ (T) +" ;G"
CLS4
PRINT@75, "game over" ;
PRINT@3 60,"YOUR SCORE", -SC;
PRINT@394, "WAVE NO.";W;
NEXT T
PRINT@485,"PRESS ANY KEY TO
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
PLAY" ;
2020 IF
RUN
INKEY$=""THEN 2020 ELSE
/R\
Now Create Your Own Signs,
Banners, and Greeting Cards.
Introducing The
Coco Graphics Designer
Last ChriitniM we introduced our
COCO Greeting Card Designer program
(see review April B6 Rainbow). It hu
been bo popular that we've now
expended it into a new program celled
the COCO Graphics Deeigner. The
Coco Graphic! Designer produces
greeting cardi plui banner* and signs.
Thii program will further increase the
uiefullneii and enjoyment of your dot
matrix printer.
The Coco Graphics
Designer allows you to mix text and
picturee in all your creation!. The
program feature* picture, border, and
character font editor*, so that you can
modify or expand the already built in
libraries Plui a special "grabber" utility
it included to capture area* of high
resolution screens for your picture
library.
Requirements: a Coco or Coco II
with a minimum of S2K, One Disk Drive
(Disk Ext. BASIC 1.0/l.l.ADOS, or
JDOS). Printers supported include:
Epson RX/FX, GEMINI 10X, SG-10,
NX-IO, C-Itoh 8610, DMP-100/ 105/
400/ 430, Seikosha GP-100/260, Legend
BOS and Gorilla Bannana. Send a SASE
for complete list of compatible printers.
#C3S2 Coco Graphics Designer $20.05
Over 100 More Pictures
An optional supplementary library
disketts containing over one hundred
additional pictures is available.
#C333 Picture Disk #1 $14.95.
Colored Paper Packs
Now available are packs containing 120
sheets of tractor-fsed paper and 42
matching envelopes in aasorted bright
RED, GREEN, and BLUE. Perfsct for
making your productions unforgsttable.
#C274 Paper Pack $19.05
With Zebra's Coco Graphics Designer It's easy and enjoyable
making your own greeting cards, signs, and banners.
WICO
TRACKBALL
Now $19.95
Order Cat#TBRS01
(Was $69.95)
You can benefit from our purchase of
brand new WICO Trackball Controllers
at closeout prices. This model was
designed specifically for the Radio Shack
Color Computer and plugs right into the
joystick port.
WICO is the largest designer and
manufacturer of control devices for
commsreial arcade video games. If
you've ever played an arcade video
game, chances are you've used a WICO
joystick or trackball and experienced Its
We have bargain priced trackba
and other computers. Call or w
superior control, pinpoint Firing
accuracy, and exceptional durability.
Includes one-year limited warranty.
Phoenolic ball offers 360-degree
movement. Two optical encoders
provids split-second response.
Quick-action fire button for smooth, two
handed arcade response and feel. Long
6' computer connection. Heavy duty
plastic case for long hard use.
Compatible with all color computer
models.
lis for ATARI, Commodore, TI,
rite for our price list.
Ordering Instructions: All orders
add tS.00 Shipping i: Handling. UPS
COD add $3.00. VISA/MC Accepted.
NY reeidents add sales tax.
Zebra Sytems, Inc
78-06 Jamaica Ave.
Woodhaven, NY 11421
(718) 296-2385
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 39
EARS
Electronic
Audio
Recognition
System
$99.95
• HANDS OFF
PROGRAMMING
•HIGH
QUALITY
SPEECH
REPRODUCTION
EARS Does It All!
Two Years In the Making. Speech Systems
was formed to develop new and innova-
tive speech products. After 2 years of in-
tensive Research and Development, we
have created a truely sophisticated
speech recognition device. Recognition
rates from 95% to 98% are typical. Until
now, such a product was outside the
price range of the personnel computer
market, and even small businesses.
EARS is trained by your voice and capable
of recognizing any word or phrase.
Training EARS to your particular voice
print takes seconds. Up to 64 voice prints
may be loaded into memory. You may
then save on tape or disk as many as you
like so that your total vocabulary is virtu-
ally infinite.
Speech and Sound Recognition. EARS is re-
ally a sound recognition system, so it re-
ally doesn't matter whether you speak in
English, Spanish, or French. In fact you do
not have to speak at all, you can train
EARS to understand sounds such as a
musical note or a door slamming.
Hands Off Programming. Imagine writing
your own BASIC programs without ever
touching the keyboard. Everything that
you would normally do through a
keyboard can now be done by just
speaking.
Programming EARS Is Easy. LISTEN,
MATCH and other commands have been
added to BASIC so that programming
EARS is a piece of cake! The single BASIC
line: 10 LISTEN: MATCH will instruct
EARS to listen to you and return the
matching phrase.
It Talks. EARS is also capable of high qual-
ity speech. We mean REALLY high quality.
The speech is a fixed vocabulary spoken
by a professional announcer. Speech
Systems is currently creating a library of
thousands of high quality words and
phrases. For a demonstration call (312)
879-6844, you won't believe your ears or
our EARS.
DISK OWNERS. EARS will work with any
disk system with either a MULTI-PAK or
Y-CABLE. Our new Triple Y-CABLE was
specifically developed for those wishing
to add SUPER VOICE as a third device.
You Get Everything You Need. You get ev-
erything you need including a specially
designed professional headset style noise
cancelling microphone. The manual is
easy to use and understand. Several
demonstration examples are included so
you don't have to write your own pro-
grams unless you want to. EARS will work
in any 32K or 64K Color Computer.
SUPER VOICE $20 OFF
Imagine talking to your computer and it
talking back to you. When you need an
unlimited vocabulary, you can't beat
SUPER VOICE. For a limited time, we will
give you the SUPER VOICE for $59.95 with
your EARS purchase. Even if you already
have another speech unit, here is your
chance to buy the best and save $20.
VOICE CONTROL
Applications for EARS are astounding.
Here is our first of many listening pro-
grams to come. VOICE CONTROL is a
program specifically designed to allow
you to control any appliance in your
house with your voice and our HOME
COMMANDER (sold separately) or the
Radio Shack Plug 'N' Power controller.
For example, you can control your TV by
saying "TV ON" or "TV OFF".' . $24.95
." l v\l\j^\
emd
Dealer Inquiries
Invited
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada $5.00
COD charge $ 2.00
Illinois residents add b'A% sales tax
Speech 3mj/«
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880 (TO ORDER)
CALL ANY DAY TO ORDER. ALSO ORDER BY MAIL
'SUPER VOICE 9
COCO'S MOST ADVANCED
SPEECH SYNTHESIZER.
IT TALKS, SINGS AND
MORE.
only . . . $79.95
WITH EARS PURCHASE
only . . . $59.95
c^> ve
-: . ■ - ■
c°
«w
SUPER VOICE is no ordinary speech synthesizer. It uses Silicon
Systems, Inc. SSI-263, the most advanced speech/sound chip
available. SUPER VOICE is not only capable of highly intelligible
speech, sound effects, and singing over a 6 octave range, but now
we have turned SUPER VOICE into a monophonic Super Music
Synthesizer with our PIANO KEYBOARD.
IT TALKS. A free TRANSLATOR text-to-speech program makes
writing your own talking program as easy as SAYING '"HELLO."
SUPER VOICE works in any 32K or 64K computer. A disk system
requires a Y-Cable or Multi-Pak.
Here are the facts;
the decision is yours.
<oK&
REAL TALKER
RS SPEECH
CARTRIDGE
VOICE-PAK
Synthesiser Device
scot
SP-2M
SOOT
Speaking Speeds
ID
1
1
t
Volume Levels
1
1
t
Articulation Rales
1
1
1
Vocal Trad
Fillei Sellings
1
1
t
Basic unit
ol Speech
r,« phom
64 phonemes
64 allophones
5 pause lengths
64 phonemes
Pilch Variations
ufe h»eli
4
1
4
SUPER TALKING HEADS
Paul and Pauline, our talking heads program is normally $24.95. Until
Dec. 15 we will include them with each SUPER VOICE order.
fyvMl^
II
^^^.^^^
VISA'
[MasterCard]
■ i '
^^^ ^^^^
Dealer Inquiries
Invited
>//'
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada $5.00
COD charge $2.00
Illinois residents add 6V>% sales tax
S^peech ^_)udt
y
em5
38W 255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880 (TO ORDER)
I MEGABYTE
COLORAMA
CALL ANY DAY TO ORDER. ALSO ORDER BY MAIL OR BBS.
to****
TM
Ok
I
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FILE EDIT MIDI MISC
All Voices D
\ Tine Signature
Key Signature
Tenpo
Reset block
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iffiX*"'' *
YOU
FILE EDIT niDI HISC
LEGEND
00110(1 III©
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LYRA is the most powerful music composilion program we have seen on
any computer. We don't mean just the COCO, we really mean any com-
puter. Whether you are a novice trying; to learn music or a professional
musician with MIDI equipment you will find LYRA a powerful tool. You
see, we wrote LYRA for musicians that hate computers. If you want proof,
purchase a LYRA demo for $7.95, We will apply the demo price to your
purchase. MIDI output requires the LYRA MIDI cable (#MCI58I or COCO
MIDI Seq/Editor (#CM147).
v Ultra Easy to use, just point with joystick or
^
mouse and click.
w Compose with up to 8 completely
independent voices.
U*
K" Room for over 18,000 notes. (This is not a
misprint!)
is
f Super Simple Editing Supports:
V*
Note insert
Block insert
C*
Note delete
Block delete
Note change
Block copy
c
(•" Output music to:
TV Speaker
Monitor Speaker
u-
STEREO PAK
ORCHESTRA 90
SYMPHONY 12
COCO MIDI S/E
<--
MIDI Synth
MIDI Drum Machine
ix" Output up to 4 voices
without additional
J."
hardware.
Output all 8 voices using either SYMPHONY
12 or one or more MIDI synthesizers and
drum machines.
Output any voice on any of the 8 MIDI
channels.
Transpose music to any key.
Modify music to any tempo.
Automatically inserts bar for each measure
as you compose.
Key signature lets you specify sharps and
Mats only once, LYRA will do the rest.
Plays MUSICA 2 files using LYRA CONVERT
(#LC164).
Each voice may be visually highlighted or
erased.
Each measure is numbered for easy
reading.
v* Solo capability
»^ Block edits are highlighted.
K" Tie notes together for musical continuity
is Name of note pointed to is constantly
displayed.
i* Jump to any point in the score
instantaneously.
^ Memory remaining clearly displayed,
however you will have plenty ot memory
even for the most demanding piece.
is Help menu makes manual virtually
unnecessary.
v* LYRA is 100% software, no need for extra
hardware unless you want more power.
v* Music easily saved to tape or disk.
i^* Requires 64K and mouse or joystick.
LYRA (Disk only) #LY122 $54.95
LYRA OPTIONS
These LYRA options are not required. They are provided for those wishing additional flexibility.
LYRA CONVERT
A program to convert MUSICA 2 files to LYRA
files.
(T or D) #LC164 $14.95
LYRA STEREO ENHANCER
Gives the LYRA stereo output when used with
the STEREO PAK or ORCHESTRA 90.
(Tor D) #LSI49 $14.95
LYRA MIDI CABLE
A cable to connect your computer to your MIDI
synthesizer.
#MC158 $19.95
We accept CASH, CHECK. COD. VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada S-t.00
Shipping and handling outside Ihe US and Canada . $5.00
COD Charge S2.00
Illinois residents add 6''.";, sales tax.
LYRA SYMPHONY 12 ENHANCER
Lets LYRA play all 8 voices through SYMPHONY
12.
(T or D) #LS177 $19.95
STEREO PAK
Plugs into the COCO ROM cartridge slot allow-
ing easy connection to your stereo system.
#SP193 $39.95
SYMPHONY 12
A real hardware music synthesizer, lets LYRA
play all 8 voices in stereo.
(T or Dl #SY149 $69.95
COCO MID Seq/Editor
A professional quality MIDI interface for MIDI
synthesizers.
(Disk only) #CM147 $149.95
MUSIC LIBRARY
A collection of over 800 songs. When used with
CONVERT, it gives an incredible LYRA library.
Each volume 100 songs.
(T or D) #MLXXX $29.95
COCO MAX h a trademark of Colorware.
ORCHESTRA 90 is a trademark of Radio Shack.
^hssck ^uitsmz
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880
FILE EDIT HIDI HISC
p t n ~ n
B n n « ra i-n r=i rsi
NIDI Instruments:
0:(jJ01 Brass 1:005 String
2:006 Piano 3: 003 Guitar
4:013 E Organ 5:014 P Organ
6:003 Trunpet 7:016 Flute
E 8:018 Dboe 9:019 Clarnet
A: 021 Vibrphn B: 026 Harpsch
C: 025 Clavier D: 032 Tinpani
E: 043 Snaredr F: 045 Percusn
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Now your COCO can talk to your MIDI music synthesizer.
Whether you have a Korg, Roland, Casio, Yamaha, or Moog, il
doesn't matter as long as it's MIDI equipped. Choose from our
i^ Supports 16 Track recording and playback
^ Adjustable tempo.
* Over 45 Kbytes available
(Over 15.500 MIDI events possible).
i"" Record to any track
"-" Low Level track editing
v LYRA editing (one voice per track)
»•* Playback Irom any number ol tracks.
V Quantizing to '/.e, Vfc, Ve* intervals.
<-* Filter out MIDI data
Key pressure
Program change
Pitch wheel
entry level MUSICA MIDI system that plays MUSICA files or our
Professional COCO MIDI 2 system.
Control Change
Channel Pressure
System Message
v Graphic Piano Keyboard Display in both
record and playback mode.
•^ Adjustable Key (Transposition).
i-*" Save recording to disk for later playback or
editing.
f" Syncs to drum machine as MASTER or
SLAVE
i-" Sequencer leatures.
** 100% machine code.
v "Musician Friendly" Menu Driven.
f Metronome
i"" Many songs included.
Includes MIDI hardware interface, 2 MIDI ca-
bles, detailed manual, and software. Requires
64K CoCo, Y-Cable or Multi-Pak.
COCO MIDI 2 (disk only) #CM147 . $149.95
DOUBLE Y-CABLE #DY181 $28.95
TRIPLE V-CABLE #TY173 $34.95
Save and load voice parameters for the Yamaha DX series of syn-
thesizers (DX-7, DX-100, DX-21 etc.). Save sounds individually
or as a group letting you load the entire synthesizer in seconds.
M LIBRARIAN™
Comes with professionally developed voices for the DX-7 worth
10 times the price. Requires COCO MIDI hardware interface.
DX LIBRARIAN (Disk only) #DX143 $39.95
CASIO LIBRARIAN
Save and load voice parameters for any Casio synthesizer (CZ-101,
CZ-1000, CZ-5000etc.) You can save from the: presets, cartridge,
memory or buffer. Requires COCO MIDI hardware interface.
CASIO LIBRARIAN (Disk only) #CL169 $39.95
MUSICA MIDI
TM
MUSICA MIDI takes any MUSICA 2 music file and plays it through
your MIDI synthesizer. We offer you over 800 tunes from our
MUSIC LIBRARY series (sold separately) or create your own music
using MUSICA 2. Inlcudes: documentation, plenty of music, and
the cable to connect between the COCO and your synthesizer.
MUSICA MIDI Complete (Disk Only) #CM126 $39.95
MIDI KEYBOARD
If you own the Casio CZ-101 or similar MIDI synth, you know
that the mini keys and the short 3 or 4 octave keyboard is limiting.
MIDI KEYBOARD when used with our full size 5 octave keyboard
gives you the flexibility you need. Comes with cable to connect
the COCO to your MIDI synth.
MIDI KEYBOARD (Disk only) #MK167 $29.95
CHRISTMAS FANTASIA
We gol so many compliments last year for Christmas Fantasia Volume I, we added
a second all new version.
Christmas Fantasia is a collection of traditional Christmas music combined with
beautiful high resolution Christmas scenes. Christmas Fantasia picks one of more
than a dozen Christmas scenes and music selections from tape or disk, displays
the picture and plays the music. Upon completion, another scene and piece of
music is loaded and played. The Christmas scenes are beautiful. One shows a
chapel nestled in a valley with snow actually falling. The low price is our way of
saying "SEASONS GREETINGS" from Speech Systems. 64K required.
Volume 1 (Tape or Disk) #CF125 $19.95
Volume 2 (Tape or Disk) #CFI26 $19.95
MUSICA 2 * 29 ? 5
• When in stereo mode, music is
played through our STEREO PAK
(purchased separately).
• Loudness of each voice may be
individually specified.
• Memory available is constantly
displayed.
• Voice waveshapes may be
exchanged between voices at any
point.
• Tempo may be specified and may
even be altered as the music plays.
• Flats and sharps supported.
• Billions of timbre combinations. C
1 9:97445000
3 3:95577000
2 7:98750000
4 9:95443200
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Output music to your printer
(Gemini 10X, Epson, R.S. printers).
1 High resolution graphic display,
looks just like sheet music. £>*'
• MUSICA 2 is 100% software, no need for
hardware unless you want music produced in
STEREO. In that case, the STEREO PAK may be
purchased separately. It's a must for the
audiophile!
• Repeat bars allow repeating of music without
re-inserting music a second or third time.
• 30 page manual describes all.
• Requires 64K.
s5« r
• Allows you to specify key signature.
•Voice timbre (waveshape) may be
altered by specifying harmonic
content just like stops on an organ.
• During editing, voice being inserted
is displayed.
• Each measure is numbered for easy
reading of music.
• Measure bars aid in reading and
developing music.
• Each voice may be visually
highlighted for easy identification.
•4 Voices produced simultaneously.
• Input notes from Coco keyboard,
joystick, or Piano Keyboard.
• Play music from your own BASIC program.
• Block copy music for easy music development.
• 100% machine language so it is lightning fast.
• Vibrato effect easily produced.
• With STEREO PAK, voices may be switched
between left and right speakers as music plays.
• Durations include: whole, half, quarter,
eighth, sixteenth, thirty-second, sixty-fourth,
and triplet.
MUSIC LIBRARY
TM
The MUSIC LIBRARY series consists of 8 volumes: 100 through
800 each sold separately. Each contains over 100 four voice music
selections with a playing time of over 3 hours each. The disk
version is shipped on 5 full disks. When coupled with STEREO
PAK, (he music is reproduced with unsurpassed realism.
A JUKEBOX program is included lo allow you to select specific
songs or automatically play each. These songs are ready lo go,
you don't need MUSICA 2 or a knowledge of music. MUSICA 2
users may customize each song. Each volume sold separately,
specify tape or disk. #MLXXX $29.95
List of 800 songs #LS800 $3.00
MUSIC LIBRARY 100
Stage, Screen, & TV
Music of the 70's
Music of the 60's
Music of the 50's
Old Time Favorites
MUSIC LIBRARY 200
MUSIC LIBRARY 300
MUSIC LIBRARY 400
MUSIC LIBRARY 500
MUSIC LIBRARY 600
MUSIC LIBRARY 700
MUSIC LIBRARY 800
Classical
Christmas (popular)
Christmas (traditional
Patriotic
Polka Party
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
Entire Library
30 Hours of
Music!
40 disks
or
25 tapes
TM
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SYMPHONY 12
3
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COMBER!
It you wanl to compose music, experiment, or STEREO AND MONO. By connecting SYM- PIANO KEYBOARD. For those wishing to turn
just listen to music, LYRA is the tool you need. PHONY 12 to your home stereo system, music is SYMPHONY 12 into a real polyphonic synthe-
LYRA represents the new state-of-the-art super produced in stereo, 6 voices from each channel. sizer we offer a full size 61 note piano
user friendly software. Pull down menus and However, you don't need to have a stereo system, keyboard,
icons make composing music as easy as pointing all 1 2 voices also come out of your TV or monitor. T users u . bojh SYMPHONY 12 and the
with a joystick or mouse and clicking. LYRA is SYMPHONY 12 is a sophis.i- PIANO KEYBOARD will require a Y-CABLE.
capable of 8 individually controlled voices. You bUUjNU ti-htcis. 3™muiN u. i> a sopnisu c V c, Pm , rpnuirp i Trinlp Y CARI F nr
may take advantage of the 8 voice power of ca,ed sound generator. 12 voices and -1 noise D sk systems require a Tr.ple Y-CABLE or
LYRA using external MIDI synthesizers or SYM- generators give you mcred.ble sound effect capa- ™^™ v 19 rr nr n> *<!VU° « M q.
PHONY 12. We believe that LYRA and SYM- Wlity. We have included gun shot, explosion, rac- gJJ™Jg«g °' &E2£q ' ' $69 " 95
PHONY 12 was a match made in heaven. For a mg car and more. LYM SYMPHONY 12 ENHANCER ^
limited time whe^n you purchase both, we wNI SYMPHONY 12 . You get over a dozen music and PIANO KEYBOARD *#PK1 85 ' '.'.'.'.'.'. $16M5
t1™ ,r |e 'he LYRA SYMPHONY 12 CONNEC- SQUnd efec , se | ections b and comp|ele doeumenta . DOUBLE Y-CABLE #DY181 $28.95
HON, a 519.95 value. tion So f, ware is shipped on Tape or Disk. TRIPLE Y-CABLE #TY173 $34.95
GUITAR CHORD BOOK
This program, written by a guitar instructor of 17 years, displays in high Whether you are a beginning guitar student or an advanced player, you
resolution graphrcs the exact fingering for over 100,000 chord combina- will find this quick reference to guitar chords invaluable.
lions. You may even tune your guitar lo the computer and play along. 32K Disk only #CCI53 $29.95
MUSIC THEORY
COURSE 1 COURSE 2
This course covers all the basics from music notation & duration, key A more advanced course that deals with: Major and Harmonic Minor
signatures, tempo, to an introduction of the keyboard. This is an entry scales, inlerval spelling, Triad (Chordl iheory, Inversions, Dominant 7th
level course recommended as a prerequisite for Course 2. chords, and ear training of the intervals.
32K Disk only. #MT101 $49.95 32K Disk only #MT102 $49.95
ORGANIZATION
Generate calendars for any year from
1583 on. . .
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su « ** *• ^ \ \ $
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END 50
Listing 1: CALENDAR
10 REM LISTING1
20 REM THE LAST CALENDAR
30 CLEAR1000
40 DIMC(504) ,M(11)
50 L$=CHR$(10)
60 M1$="JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH
APRIL MAY JUNE J
ULY AUGUST SEPTEMBEROCTOBER
NOVEMBER DECEMBER"
70 Sl$=" SUN MON TUE WED THU FR
I SAT ":S1$=S1$+" "+
sis
80 M$=" % % ":M$=M$+"
"+M$
90 M(0)=31:M(1)=28:M(2)=31:M(3) =
30:M(4)=31:M(5)=30:M(6)=31:M(7)=
31:M(8)=30:M(9)=31:M(10)=30:M(11
)=31
100 S$=CHR$(14)
110 E$=CHR$(20)
120 CLS:LINEINPUT"YEAR TO BE PRI
NTED : ";Y$
130 Y=ABS(INT(VAL(Y$) ) ) :IFY<>VAL
( Y$) THENGOSUB650 : GOTO120
140 IFY>1582THENIFY-INT(Y/4)*4TH
ENM ( 1 ) =2 9 : IFY=INT ( Y/ 100 ) * 100 ANDY
OINT ( Y/400) *400THENM ( 1) =28ELSEE
LSEELSEGOSUB650 : GOTO120
150 CLS:LINEINPUT"MESSAGE TO BE
PRINTED : ";MG$
160 IFLEN(MG$)>40THENGOSUB660:GO
TO150
170 CLS:LINEINPUT" BIRTH MONTH TO
HIGHLIGHT (1 - 12 IF N
ONE ) » ; BM$ : BM=ABS ( INT ( VAL ( BM$ ) ) )
:IFBM<>VAL(BM$)ORBM>12ORBM$<"0"O
RBM$>" 13 "THENGOSUB670 : GOTO170
180 IFBM THENELSEBD=0:BM=0:GOTO2
00
190 CLS:LINEINPUT" BIRTH DAY TO H
IGHLIGHT (1-3 , IF
NONE ) " ; BD$ : BD=ABS ( INT (VAL (BD$ ) )
) :IFBD>M(BM-l)ORBD<>VAL(BD$)ORBM
$<"0"ORBM$>"13"THENGOSUB680:GOTO
****** SELECTED SOFTWARE ******
• LOW PRICES • FAST SERVICE • FREE SHIPPING *
SOLDERLESS UPGRADE KITS
With easy-to-follow instructions
64K FOR E BOARD $39.95
64K FOR F BOARD $29.95
64K FOR COC02- (ALL MODELS) $29.95
EXTENDED BASIC CHIP $34.95
'All Korean models require one solder joint.
Please specify model i> with order.
NOTE: ALL ICs used in our Mis ere lirsl quality ISO NS
prime chips and carry one lull year warranty.
BASIC ROMs DISASSEMBLY
COLOR BASIC UNRAVELLED $17.95
EXTENDED BASIC UNRAVELLED $17.95
DISK BASIC UNRAVELLED $17.95
ALL 3 BOOKS ONLY $39.95
ULTRA B0C DISK EDITOR ASSEMBLER $29.95
BUG OUT & THE ORACLE (M.L. Monitor) $11.95
ALL 5 ITEMS ONLY $59.95
500 POKES. PEEKS. N EXECS $16.95
200 POKES. PEEKS, N EXECS $9.95
UTILITY ROUTINES (VOLUME 1) $19.95
WITH ROUTINES ON TAPE OR DISK $36.95
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING
(TEPCO) $16.95
ALL 10 ITEMS _ ONLY $119.95
UTILITIES & APPLICATIONS
TAPE
DYNACALC
TELEWRITER 64
TELEPATCH II
PRO-COLOR-FILE 2.0
$39.95
TOM MIX MAS ASSEMBLER
AUTOTERM $31.95
PEN PAL 2.1
ADOS _..
THE PEPPER W/SOURCE $24.95
DISK UTILITY 2.1
SUPER BACKUP UTILITY
GRAPHICOM
UTILITY ROUTINES VOL 1
UTILITY ROUTINGS VOL. 2
SUPER TAPE/DISK TRANSFER
DISK TUTORIAL (2 DISKS)
OISK
$69.95
$49.95
$24.95
$49.95
$67.95
$39.95
$74.95
$27.95
$26.95
$19.95
$44.95
$21.95
$21.95
$27.95
$21.95
$34.95
GAMES
TAPE
BOUNCING BOULDERS _
.. $26.95
.. $35.95
GANTELET
. $26.95
PAPER ROUTE
WIZARDS CASTLE
DRAGON BLADE (PRICKLY-PEAR)
COCO MAX WITH TAPE $64.95
COCO MAX II WITH DISK $74.95
Y-CABLE 24.95
DS-B9A DIGISECTOR - $139.95
HJL-57 KEYBOARD $69.95
INTRONICS EPROM PROGRAMMER $139.95
DATARASE $39.95
ROMPACK P.O. BOARD W/CASE $9.95
VIDEO PLUS IIU $34.95
DISK
$26.95
$26.95
$35.95
$26.95
$26.95
$26.95
$29.95
$29.95
$21.95
$26.95
PACKAGE SPECIALS
SELECTED SOFTWARE PAC: Galagon. Cubix Froggie,
Lancer & Lunar Rover Palrol (All 32K M.L.)
S34.95 TAPE OR DISK
SPACE PAC: 10 M.L. Space Games (Mostly 16K)
$21 .95 TAPE OR DISK
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$19.95 TAPE OR DISK
EDUCATIONAL PAC: 6 Educational Games
(16K + 32K)
$19.95 TAPE OR DISK
TREASURY PAC: A collection ol 30 games (4K - 32K)
$29.95 TAPE OR DISK
WEBCOR MODEM' & AUTOTERM"
$64.95 (DISK ADD S5.00)
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■300 Baud Direct Connect. Power Adapter Included.
"Latest Version.
WE PAY SHIPPING in the United States, Canada & Mexico.
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INFORMATION 612-757-1026 (11 A.M.-5 P.M. C.S.T.;
24 HOUR SHIPPING
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 47
190
200 IFBD THENBD=BD+BM*42
210 CLS:PRINT@2 24, "SETTING UP CA
LENDAR YEAR "Y$
220 REM CALENDAR SET-UP
230 J=Y*365:GOSUB620
240 FORML=0TO11:DM=1
2 50 FORWL=0TO5
2 60 FORDL=DW T06
270 C(ML*42+WL*7+DL)=DM:DM=DM+1
280 IFDM>M(ML)THEN300ELSENEXTDL
290 DW=0:NEXTWL
300 DW=DL+1 : IFDW=7THENDW=0
310 NEXTML
3 20 IFBD GOSUB 560
3 30 CLS: PRINT© 2 2 4, "PRINTING CALE
NDAR YEAR "Y$
340 REM CALENDAR PRINTOUT
350 PRINT#-2," "
360 Y$=MID$(STR$(Y) ,2) :PRINT#-2,
L$N$S$STRING$(18-LEN(Y$)/2, " ") Y
$L$L$E$C$
370 FORML=0TO10STEP2
380 PRINT#-2,L$S$;
390 PRINT#-2,USINGM$;MID$(M1$,ML
*9+l,9) ;MID$(M1$,ML*9+10,9)
400 PRINT#-2,E$S1$
410 FORWL=0TO5:W$=" "
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420 FORMR=0TO1
430 FORDL=0TO6
440 D=(ML+MR)*42+WL*7+DL:D$=RIGH
T$(" "+STR$(C(D)) ,4) :IFVAL(D
$)=0THEND$=" "
450 IFC(D)=99THEND$=" **"
4 60 W$=W$+D$:NEXT
470 IFMR<1THENW$=W$+"
ii
480 NEXT
490 PRINT* -2, W$: NEXT
500 NEXT
510 PRINT#-2,L$L$N$S$STRING$(18-
LEN(MG$)/2," ")MG$E$L$L$
520 PRINT#-2,L$
530 CLS
540 END
550 REM SET ** ON BIRTHDATE
560 J=0:IFBM=1THEN580
570 FORML=0TOBM-2:J=J+M(L) :NEXT
580 J=J+Y*365:GOSUB620
590 C(BD+DW-43)=99
600 RETURN
610 REMDAY OF WEEK CALCUL
620 IFYOINT(Y/400)*400ANDY=INT(
Y/100) *100THENJ=J+1
630 V=J+INT(Y/400)-INT(Y/100)-3 6
5+INT((Y-l)/4) :Vl=l+V-INT(V/7)*7
:DW=Vl-INT(Vl/7)*7
640 RETURN
650 CLS:PRINT"THE YEAR MUST BE F
ROM 1583 UP" :GOTO690
660 CLS: PRINT "THIS PROGRAM CAN
NLY PRINT A ONE LINE MESSAGE W
HICH MUST BE LESS THEN 40 CHARA
CTERS LONG .":GOTO690
670 CLS:PRINT"NO SUCH MONTH IN A
NORMAL YEAR":GOTO690
680 CLS:PRINT"THIS DATE DOES NOT
EXIST IN THE MONTH AND YEAR SPE
CIFIED ."
690 PRINT© 4 4 8, "SORRY CHARLY !",,
"PRESS ANY KEY TO TRY AGAIN";
700 IFINKEY$=" "THEN700ELSERETURN
Listing 2: crlmod
10 REM LISTING 2
25 REM NO EXPANDED PRINT
80 M$=" % %
ii
:M$=M$+" "+M$
100 S$=CHR$(0)
110 E$=CHR$(0)
3 60 Y$=MID$(STR$(Y) ,2) :PRINT#-
"2,
L$N$S$STRING$(36-LEN(Y$)/2,"
•)Y
$L$L$E$C$
510 PRINT#-2,L$L$N$S$STRING$(
36-
LEN(MG$)/2," ")MG$E$L$L$
/Wi
48
THE RAINBOW January 1987
■IlllHYMN
GETTYSBURG?
64K Disk or Tape BATTLE HYMN — The Battle of Gettysburg
Player controls Lee's army of 1 1 divisions (39 individual) brigades including 1 cavalry
(Stuart) and 3 artillery (Alexander) and musr capture 5 victory objectives to win
decisively. It's all here, from Gulp's Hill to Little Round Top, from Pickett's charge to
Hood's heroic victory at Devil's Den-
Play starts on the second day of the battle with Johnson, Early and Rodes facing an
unreinforced Union line running from Culp's Hill down to Cemetery Hill and easr.
Player has early size advantage but must act quickly as Union reinforcements are seen
arriving; and must form the line and charge up hill over a great distance. Where is
Stuart?
Brigades must lie turned to march or fire. Union troops must reload after firing-
Player may limber or unlimbcr cannon; must watch his fatigue factors and prevent
troops from routing. The object is to force the flank and pin the enemy in a cross fire.
Easier said then done. Very historic, with an Ark Royal touch.
Hi res graphics; machine language. Game save. Play takes 3-5 hours. $29.00
32K LUFTFLOTTE — The Battle of Britain
Player takes the German side and tries to succeed where Goering and the entire Luft-
waffe failed: destroy Britain's will to fight from the air.
A mammoth game, Luftflotte has it all. Twenty-four British cities producing one of six
war materials: petroleum, armaments, aircraft, shipping, morale, electronics; 26 air
bases, 18 low radar sites, 17 high radar sites all forming a complex web of inter-
communication and defense. Can you break the web?
Player controls 3 Luftflottes of over 2000 individual planes including Stuka, Junkers,
Dornicr and Heinkel bombers; Mel 10 and MelO fighters. Player may launch bomb
runs, recon missions, strafing sorties or transfers: up to five (lights per Luftflotte.
Player watches as his flights head for London or Bath or Glasgow or lorad site 'j* or. . .
It's up to you. There arc 85 individual targets in the game.
Hi res screen shows aerial combat, bombing and strafing missions and supplies brief
information. Watch targets and planes explode! Scmigraphic strategic map of England
and targets. For conclusive information, view the intelligence screen to see everything.
Unless, of course, you prefer playing EXPERT in which case you'll be (lying blind as the
real Germans did not so long ago.
Playing time: .3-6 hours. Game save. Machine language. $29.00
32K Disk Only THE FINAL FRONTIER
You have been chosen as commander in a struggle to gain control of an unexplored
section of the galaxy. Your foe: an alien race called VOLSUNG. Here in the distant
future, when space travel has become commonplace, on uncharted star systems you
hope to find the raw materials which are vital to your industry and construction of a
fleet of space craft.
Starting with limited ships and resources, you must quickly search, locate and bring
needed systems under your influence, before the aliens can gain a foothold and threaten
your expansion.
A star system can support industry, mining, energy or farming. You must decide on
how to concentrate your efforts to maintain a balance to best serve your needs for
developing your civilization and producing new space craft. Spacecraft that you will
surely need when you and the alien VOLSUNGS eventually collide in a titanic struggle
for the cointrol of the Pinal Frontier.
100% hi res, total machine language, disk based. $25.00
KEYBOARD GENERAL
Isn't it time for a newsletter/magazine that talks about the games you've been playing?
An in-depth resource of playing hints, strategies and tactics? Wouldn't it be nice to whip
the computer?
The Keyboard Genera/ is published bi-monthly. We'll publish your letters; your game
plays, your thoughts and ideas. You'll hear from us, our program authors. You'll learn
gaming, playing and programming hints, and perhaps discover new ways to assault that
village or attack that flank.
Every month we'll feature a Company Commnnder replay; discussion of new and old
products, and letters from you. There will be special discounts and promotions offered
only subscribers of the Keyboard General.
Don't miss out! The Keyboard General is filling a great need in the software industry: a
publication dedicated to discussing those programs you've been playing. Subscribe
today, and find out how to beat the computer! $15.00 year subscription
ARK ROYAL GAMES
P.O. Box 14806
Jacksonville, FL 32238
(904) 786-8603
Prices include shipping to U.S., APO**, and Canada. COD's (USA only) add $3.75. Florida residents
add 5% sales tax. All orders shipped within 24 hours. Programs require Color Compuier (Tandy
Corp.). Be sure to stale system when ordering.
Micro Smart Inc. says
what you want to hear.
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Drive a hard bargain from 5
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Complete with Hardware, Cables, Software and Quikfit Installation
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Floppy Disk Drives, Power Supplies and Cabinets
Our Disk Drives are UL approved— Our Floppy Drive Cabinets and
Power Supplies are Underwriters Laboratory Listed and have passed
the required Federal Communications Part 15 Section B-EMI/RFI test.
Warranty on all disk drives is one full year parts and labor. Warranty
on floppy disk drive power supplies is five (5) years. In warranty or
out of warranty service is 24 hour turn-a-round on all disk drives and
power supplies.
Half High Drives
Dual Sided 40 tk Bare $99.95
In Case with Power Supply $139.95
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Apple/Franklin Disk Drives
35/40 Track in Case with Cable and Software $1 29.95
Call for our unadvertised CoCo Specials
See our Outstanding Service Promise on
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Terms and Conditions:
The prices quoted here are for cash. V\fe will accept MasterCard, VISA,
Discover and American Express. Please ask for details.
COD'S are accepted without any deposit. Purchase orders accepted based
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4:00 on Saturday.
Our telephone number of technical service is 617-872-9090.
Addresses:
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Not responsible tor typographical errors. Terms and speciticalions may
change without notice.
Trademarks:
IBM Corp.
Montezuma Micro
Tava
Eagle Computer
© 1987 Micro Smart, Inc.
Keytronics Corp.
Tandy Corp.
Zenith Corp.
Lotus Development
Microsoft Inc.
FULLY WARRANTEED
FIFTEEN MONTHS
PARTS AND LABOR!
Model HI/4 floppy disk
drive upgrade kits
Our kits, which are a snap lo install,
just need a screwdriver and about
1 hour ol spare lime lo have dual
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will operate single and dual sided.
Jusl ask us how— it's easy, even
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With one dual sided drive, lloppy
controller, heavy duty power supply
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Want a second drive? $99.95
Color computer
drive kit
Drive and 1
Our dual headed drive al-
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DOS 1.0 and 1.1 in dual
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Specially priced at
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Dealer Inquiries Invited
77. nge
The Eyes
Have It
By Bruce K. Bell, O.D.
,_♦♦*
\JHXT+ '
a. =
THE
in«..H*« i;
ffif *«•"
iias
[H PTIC' J
i*w/J
D r«e «fr «B«*e
FIN
CCB
KECT
Discrimination actually consists of
three games that can be used in three
different ways. They were written for
use in my office with patients undergoing
vision therapy, but as you'll see, are genuinely
entertaining as well.
Beat the Clock is similar to Perfection, a
popular game in which various-shaped play-
ing pieces must be placed in a puzzle within
a certain time period. In this version, a shaded
area with white "holes" appears in the upper
half of the screen representing the puzzle
board, and the lower screen contains the
black playing pieces. Move the blinking box
to the piece you desire to "pick up." Press the
firebutton and the cursor moves to the upper
half of the screen. Move the blinking box to
the hole matching the piece you "picked up"
and press the firebutton to "drop" it in the
hole. The piece does not disappear from the
lower screen until the piece is correctly placed
in the puzzle board in the upper screen.
Continue this process until all the pieces are
used.
The object of the second game. Memory
Match, is to remember the location of shapes
that are "hidden" under different numbers.
Move the blinking box over a nurnber and
press the firebutton to reveal the shape
"underneath" it. Then move to another
number and press again to reveal a second
shape. If they are the same, you have a match.
Continue until all shapes are revealed.
Look and Find is played by moving the
blinking box over the shape in the upper
screen that is the same as the shape in the
lower screen. Continue until all shapes are
identified.
In all three games the right joystick moves
the blinking box. Your score represents the
approximate number of seconds it took for
you to complete the game. Of course, the
lower the score, the better you have done.
Four levels are available, with Level 4 being
the most difficult. The "Best Score" is reset
each time a new level is selected.
There are three ways Discrimination may
be used. First of all, it may be played just as
a game of challenge with your only goal being
to enjoy yourself.
Secondly, it may be used to improve visual
skills by training in a controlled environment.
Discrimination may be used to help improve
Bruce Bell practices optometry in his home
town of Rockmart, Georgia. He spends hours
using programs he finds in THE RA IN BO W and
programming his CoCo for use in his office
and at home. Brute's program, CoCo Zone
is the grand prize winner in the Third Rain-
how Adventure contest.
52 THE RAINBOW January 1987
eye-hand coordination, rapid eye move-
ments, dynamic peripheral awareness
(side vision), visual memory and visual
strategies. This may be especially help-
ful for athletes in high speed sports,
such as tennis and basketball.
Finally, it can be used to help pre-
schoolers and early elementary students
learn size and shape discrimination, as
well as laterality skills (knowing right
from left) and visual memory.
What is the difference in the three
ways of using Discrimination'! None,
really, except for who is using Discrim-
ination and why they are playing it.
Please note that none of this is intended
to be medical advice; if you suspect you
have any eye or visual problem, you
should consult your eye care profes-
sional. 1 just wanted to point out the
many ways Discrimination can be en-
joyed, by young and old alike.
(Questions about this program may
be directed to Dr. Bell at 614 East Elm
St.. Rock mart, GA 30 J 53; 404-684-
5650. Please enclose an SASE when
writing.) □
The listing: DISCRIM
COPYRIGHT
'DISCRIMINATION 1.0;
(C) 198 6 BRUCE BELL
1 'note: pressing 'Q' anytime du
ring play, will end the game bef
ore all pieces are moved.
10 CLEAR1000:DIMF$(31) ,L$(25) ,F(
31) ,P(31) ,U(31) ,A(11) :HS=999
15 GOSUB2205
20 POKE65494 ,0 : CLS : PRINT"DISCRIM
INATION 1.0" /'COPYRIGHT (C) 1986
BRUCE BELL EXTENDED COLOR BAS
IC 32K": PRINT: PRINT
2 5 PRINT@160,STRING$(13,60)" MEN
U "STRING$(13,62) , ,TAB(6)"1. BEA
T THE CLOCK"TAB(38)"2. MEMORY MA
TCH"TAB(38)"3. LOOK & FIND"TAB(3
8) "4. END PROGRAM": PRINT: PRINT"
ENTER YOUR SELECTION (1-4)";:S=0
30 FORP=1024TO1535:IFS<1ORS>4THE
NS=VAL(INKEY$) :POKEP, (PEEK(P)+64
)AND127:NEXT:GOTO30
35 IFS=4THENCLS:PRINT"BYE BYE":E
NDELSEPRINTS : PRINT§418 , "LEVEL OF
DIFFICULTY (1-4 ) " ; : INPUTLD$ : LD=
VAL(LD$) :IFLD>4THEN30ELSEIFLD<1T
HEN20
40 POKE65495,0:ONS GOTO105 , 505 , 1
005
100 i*****beat the clock ******
105 CLS8:PRINT@96, "AS QUICKLY AS
POSSIBLE, PLACE THE BLACK FIG
URES ON THE LOWER SCREEN IN THE
MATCHING HOLES", "ABOVE. USE THE
JOYSTICK TO MOVE THE CURSOR AND
PRESS THE FIRE BUTTON TO PICK
UP OR PLACE A" , "FIGURE .",,,, "PL
AY BEGINS IN ONE MOMENT..."
110 PMODE4,1:PCLS:DRAW"BM180,0C5
D191"
115 FORK=0TO31:U(K)=0:P(K)=0:F(K
) =0 : NEXT
120 GOSUB2025: 'draw lower screen
125 GOSUB2050: 'draw upper screen
130 W$="BEAT" : DRAWBM200 , 8C6" : GO
SUB2185:W$="THE":DRAW"BM205,18C8
":GOSUB2185:W$="CLOCK":DRAW"BM19
5,28C7":GOSUB2185: 'title
135 GOSUB2 160: 'draw copr notice
140 GOSUB2085: 'countdown
145 X=5:Y=104:K=1:C=3:N=0:TIMER=
0: ' initialize game
150 GOSUB2105: 'joystick input
155 IFQ$="Q"THEN2135ELSEIFK=2THE
N165:'fb pressed or quit?
160 K=2:C=1:D=94:XG=X:YG=Y:PG=P:
Y=Y-9 4 : SOUND100 , 1 : GOT0175 : ' ad j US
t for upper board
165 IFF(PG)=P(P)THENGET(XG,YG)-(
XG+ 20 , YG+20 ) , A , G : COLOR0 , : LINE (X
G,YG)-(XG+20,YG+20) , PSET, BF: PUT (
X,Y)-(X+20,Y+20) ,A,AND:F(PG)=-l:
N=N+1 : SOUND200 , 1ELSESOUND50 , 1 : ' m
atch?
170 K=l:C=3:D=0:Y=Y+94: 'adjust f
or lower board
175 IFN=LD*8THEN2135ELSEGOSUB212
0:GOTO155: ' figures completed?
500 •*****memory match *******
505 CLS6:PRINT@96,"A FIGURE HIDE
S BEHIND EACH NUM- BER. PRESSING
THE FIRE BUTTON UNCOVERS THE
FIGURE. AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE U
SE THE JOYSTICK TO MATCH THE FIG
URES", "PLAY BEGINS IN ONE MOMENT
# ii
510 FORK=0TO31:U(K)=0:P(K)=0:F(K
)=0:NEXT:PG=-1
515 FORK=0TOLD*4-1
520 F=RND(32)-1:IFF(F)=1THEN520E
LSEF (F) =1 : F0RX=1T02
525 P=RND(LD*8)-1:IFU(P)=1THEN52
5ELSEP(P)=F:U(P)=1:NEXTX,K
530 PMODE4,1:PCLS5:COLOR0,5:LINE
(180,0) -(255, 191) ,PSET,BF:POKE17
8,2: LINE (0 , 9 8 ) - ( 180 , 19 1 ) , PSET , BF
:SCREEN1,1
January 19B7 THE RAINBOW 53
535 GOSUB2070: 'print discriminat
ion
540 N=1:FORY=22TO88STEP22:FORJ=0
T02*LD-l:X=l+88/LD*J:DRAW"BM=X;,
=Y ; C5 » : W$=STR$ (N) : GOSUB2 185 : N=N+
1:NEXTJ,Y: 'print numbers in squa
res
545 W$="MEMORY" : DRAWBM188 , 18C6"
:GOSUB2185:W$="MATCH":DRAW"BM194
,28":GOSUB2185
550 GOSUB2160: 'draw copr notice
555 GOSUB2085: 'countdown
560 X=5:Y=10:C=3:K=1:N=0:D=94:TI
MER=0: ' initialze game
565 GOSUB2105: "joystick input
570 IFQ$="Q"THEN2135ELSEIFP=PG
RP (P) =-lTHENSOUNDl , 1 : G0T0565ELSE
IFK=2THEN580
575 K=2:XG=X:YG=Y:PG=P:GOSUB2010
: SOUND100 , 1 : GOTO590
580 K=1:GOSUB2010:IFP(P)=P(PG)TH
ENN=N+1:W$="MATCHES"+STR$(N) : COL
OR0, 5: LINE (30, 120) -(150 ,135) ,PSE
T,BF:DRAW"BM40,130C5":GOSUB218 5:
F0RT=1T03 : PLAY"L100 ; 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6 ;
7 ; 8 ; 9 ; 10 ; 11 ; 12 " : NEXT : P (P) =-1 : P (P
G)=-1:GOTO590: 'match!
585 SOUND10 , 2 : COLOR0 , 5 : LINE ( XG , Y
ADOS
ENHANCED, EPROM-ABLE
DISK BASIC
Now. you can supercharge Basic with an impressive attar of e«lra features
WltMOU' sacrificing compat bility' ADOS 15 compatible with virtually 100% Ol
commercial software Cuslomi/ing utilities are provided lo ana* user-delmed
command abbreviations riaud rate, step rate tracks per disk <35 or 4Qi support of
double sided drives, aid more After customizing ADOS you can nave it burned into
an EPROM fat plugs mlo the Disk Basic ROM socket, ot just use tt in RAM as a 64K
disk utility (EPROM • tjutmng win cost about $20- -we provide information
corittf ming how you can have tn.s done i Features .»ciude • repeat and edit of the
last direct mode command * 26 definable COM'01 »ey abbreviations * automatic line
"umber prompts' DOS command • lowercase command entry la line complement io
a Loweihil tf PBJ WordPaki • CGPt llllflname la idnvp number l • AE error override
Option • RAM command <6*K| " RUNM command • ie«l echoing io printer • Ml
monitor • te»t tile scan • enhanced directory • O"or Happing • hires te«t utility
included i-!2 St or 64 characters par linei
I COULD NOT FIND ANY SOFTWARE THAT WOULD NOT RUN UNDER ADOS '
THE RAfNBOW December 1984
'ILOVEAOOSf A GENUINELY FIRST RATE PRODUCT.'
Color Micro Journal. February 1985
'I WONT PART WITH MY ADOS EPROM FOR ANYTHING NO COMPATIBILITY
PROBLEMS."
Hot CoCo.May 1985
Disk $27 95
THE PEEPER ml program tracer
Monitor maenme language programs AS TmEY ARE RUNNING' Peoper actually
timeshares with ine target program giving FULL CONTROL as ML programs run
Switch instantly between watching legular program output and Peeper's trace ol
legisters and siat» on screen ui printer inspect memoiy .n any ot 26 display modes
E>ecution speed can oe . ji.ed from lull speed to the ba'esi cawi or hailed entirely
as programs 'un Smgie stepping breakpoints memory or register e>amine'cha»ge
Relocatable supports 64K use i <GK reguiredi See February 85 review
Disk $73.95 Tipa $2195 A»s»mbl*r sourc* listing Add 3 00
NEW FOR COC03
CUSTOM CABLE FOR MAGNAVOX RGB MONITOR
The Mngnavoi 8CM5I5 and 8CM505 monitors, containing RGBI, and audio inputs,
sell at prices comparable to Tandy's CM-B, and represents a lar baiter buy lor CoCo
3 users. Compoalio input, which CM-8 lacks, is required lor seeing PMODE 4 displays
in color. RGBI allows ihe Magnavox, unlike ihe CM-fl. to be used with PC-
Compaiibles — a big resale considoralion _ _ _ Cable 19.95
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Suite A ios
Miami. Florida 33178
(305) 274-3899 lOaygr
■ LiiidiHiirdsui CODs
G)-(XG+20,YG+20) , PSET, BF: LINE (X,
Y)-(X+20,Y+20) ,PSET,BF:W$=STR$(P
G+l) :H=XG-5:V=YG+12:DRAW"BM=H;,«
V;C5":G0SUB2185:W$=STR$(P+1) :H=X
-5 : V=Y+12 : DRAW"BM=H; , =V; •• : GOSUB2
185:PG=-l: 'no match
590 IFN=LD*4THEN2135ELSE565
1000 '*****iook and find ******
1005 CLS4:PRINT@128,"USE THE JOY
STICK TO FIND THE", "FIGURE SHOWN
IN THE BOTTOM HALF OF THE SCREE
N. PRESS THE FIRE BUTTON WHEN
YOU'VE FOUND IT.", "PLAY BEGINS I
N ONE MOMENT. . ."
1/910 FORK=0TO31:U(K)=0:P(K)=-1:N
EXT
1015 PMODE4,1:COLOR0,5:PCLS:LINE
(180,0) -(255, 191) , PSET, BF: DRAW" B
M0,100R180"
1020 GOSUB2050: 'draw upper scree
n
1025 W$="LOOK" : DRAWBM200 , 8C6" : G
0SUB2 185 : W$="AND" : DRAWBM205 , 18C
8 " : GOSUB2 185 : W$="FIND" : DRAWBM20
0,28C7":GOSUB2185: 'title
1030 GOSUB2 160: 'draw copr notice
1035 W$="FIND THE ABOVE" : DRA
W"BM10 , 130C5" : GOSUB2 185
1040 GOSUB2085: 'countdown
1045 X=5:Y=10:D=94:C=1:N=0: TIMER
=0: 'initialize game
1050 F=RND(LD*8)-1:IFU(F)=1THEN1
050ELSEPMODE4 , 1 : SCREEN1 , 1 : C0L0R5
, : LINE ( 90 , 118) - ( 110 , 138) , PSET, B
F:DRAW"BM100,128C0XF$(F) ;": SOUND
200,l:PMODE3,l
1055 GOSUB2105: 'joystick input
1060 IFQ$="Q"THEN2135ELSECOLOR0,
5: LINE (5, 170) -(105, 180) ,PSET,BF:
IFF<>P(P)THENW$="LOOK AGAIN": DRA
W"BM5 , 180C7 " : GOSUB2 185 : SOUNDS , 2 :
GOTO1055: 'did not find
1065 W$="CORRECT":DRAW"BM5,180C6
" : GOSUB2 185 : N=N+1 : U (F) =1 : F0RT=1T
03 : PLAY"L100 ; 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 ; 8 ; 9" :
NEXT: 'found it!
1070 IFN=LD*8THEN2135ELSE1050
1075 GOTO 107 5
2000 ' ! 1 ! ! 1 ! ! subroutines J J 1 1 ! 1 !
2005 'draw figure in memory mate
h
2010 PMODE4,l:SCREENl,l:COLOR5,0
:LINE(X,Y)-(X+20,Y+20) ,PSET,BF:H
=X+10 : V=Y+10 : DRAW"BM=H; , =V;C0XF$
(P(P) ) ;":PMODE3,l
2015 RETURN
2020 'draw lower screen subr
2025 K=0:FORY=114TO180STEP22:FOR
J=0TO2*LD-1
54
THE RAINBOW January 1987
m
m m
A
m
m tn
m
Jl
m
M
M
2030 P=RND(LD*8)-1:IFU(P)=1THEN2
030ELSEF(K)=P:U(P)=1:K=K+1:X=14+
88/LD*J:DRAW"BM=X;,=Y;C5XF$(P) ;"
:NBXT5J,Y
2035 COLOR5,0: LINE (0,8) -(180, 100
) ,PSET,BF: PAINT (1,191) ,5,5
2040 RETURN
2045 'draw upper screen subr
2050 K=0:FORY=20TO86STEP22:FORJ=
0TO2*LD-1
2055 P=RND(LD*8)-l:IFU(P)=2THEN2
055ELSEP(K)=P:U(P)=2:K=K+1:X=14+
88/LD*J:DRAW"BM=X;,=Y;C0XF$(P) ; "
:NEXTJ,Y
2060 DRAW" BMp , 100R180" : POKE178 , 1
:PAINT(1,9) , ,0
2065 COLOR5,5:LINE(0,0) -(180,7) ,
PSET,BF
2070 SCREEN1 , 1 : PM0DE3 , 1 : W$="DISC
RIMINATION" : DRAW"BM20 , 6C7" : GOSUB
2185
2075 RETURN
2080 'countdown subr
2085 W$="GET" :DRAW"BM184 , 100C6" :
GOSUB2185:W$="READY":DRAW"BM184,
110" : GOSUB2 185 : SOUND50 , 1 : F0RJ=1T
0700 : NEXT : C0L0R5 , 5 : LINE ( 184 , 102 )
-(255,110) ,PSET,BF:W$="SET":DRAW
"BM184 , 110C6" :GOSUB2185 : SOUND100
, 1 : FORJ=1TO700 : NEXT
2090 COLOR5,5:LINE(184,90)-(255,
110) , PSET,BF:W$="GO" : DRAW"BM184 ,
100C7" : GOSUB2185 : SOUND150 , 2
2095 RETURN
2100 'joystick subr
2105 IFTIMER>54000THENQ$="Q"ELSE
Q$=INKEY$
2110 IFQ$="Q"THENRETURNELSEJH=JO
YSTK(0) :JV=JOYSTK(l) :POKE178,C:D
RAW"BM=X; ,=Y;R20D20L20U20"
2115 X=INT(JH*LD/32)*88/LD+5:Y=I
NT(JV/16)*22+104-D:P=(X-5+(Y+D-l
04)*8)/(88/LD) :P=INT(P+.5)
2120 PK=PEEK(65280) :IFPK<>126AND
PK<>254THENZ=1ELSEIFZ THENZ=0:RE
TURN
2125 DRAW"BM=X; ,=Y;C5R20D20L20U2
0":GOTO2105
2130 'compute score/replay subr
2135 SC=TIMER/60:COLOR5,5:IFQ$<>
"Q"THENIFSC<HS THENHS=SC
2140 COLOR5,5:LINE(182,44)-(255,
74 ) , PSET , BF : GOSUB2 170
2145 COLOR5,5:LINE(184,90)-(255,
110) , PSET, BF: DRAWBM184 , 100C7XL$
(15) ;C6":W$="LAY":GOSUB2 185: DRAW
"BM205,110C8":W$="OR":GOSUB2185:
DRAW"BM210,120C7XL$(16) ;C6":W$="
UIT":GOSUB2185
2150 Q$=INKEY$ : IFQ$="P"THENSCREE
N0 , : GOTO40 ELSEIFQ$="Q"THEN10EL
SE2150
2155 'draw score/copr subr
2160 DRAW"BM252,32C6L68BF2C8R64B
G2C7L60"
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
FOR YOUR COCO 1, 2 OR 3
THREE GREAT PROGRAMS —
1, COCO HAPPINESS EXPERT - INCREASE YOUR HAPPINESS
2 COCO THERAPIST - DISCUSS YOUR PROBLEMS
3. COCO POET - ENDLESS STIMULATING POETRY
\&& Al Pack I $24.95
(SPECIFY TAPE OR DISK)
(AND LEARN YOUR HAPPINESS QUOTIENT)
COMPLETE DOCUMENTATION INCLUDES
"THE HISTORY OF Al"
COCO JOKESTER
JUST TELL HIM YOUR NAME AND HE'LL TALK YOUR EAR OFF
$26.95 (DISK ONLY)
Now Available
COCO EXPERT SYSTEM TOOLKIT
BUILD YOUR OWN EXPERT SYSTEM
USING SIMPLE MENU COMMANDS.
— DEMOS, TUTORIAL, EXPERT SYSTEM SHELL, CLEARLY
WRITTEN KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING MANUAL
— CREATE YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGEBASE
— $59.95 • DISK ONLY ■ 64K REQUIRED
INCLUDED. TWO FREE EXPERT SYSTEMS
— STOCK MARKET EXPERT
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THINKING SOFTWARE, INC.
46-16 65 PLACE „
WOODSIDE, N.Y. 11377 *M^BF
(718)429-4922 "">' '
CALL RIGHT NOW FOR FREE CATALOG
Talking version of all software available
RS Speechpak required / Add $5.00 per disk
January 1987
THE RAINBOW
55
2165 W$="C 1986":DRAW"BM188,178C
8 •• : G0SUB2 185 : PM0DE4 , 1 : SCREEN1 , 1 :
CIRCLE (191, 175) ,07 :PM0DE3 , 1:W$="
B BELL" : DRAWBM188 , 188 " : GOSUB218
5
2170 DRAW"BM182 , 54 C7 " :W$=" LEVEL"
+STR$ (LD) : GOSUB2185 : DRAWBM182 , 6
4C8" :W$="TIME"+STR$ (INT(SC+. 5) ) :
G0SUB2185:DRAW"BM182 / 74C6":W$="B
EST"+STR$ ( INT (HS+ . 5 ) ) : G0SUB2 185 :
RETURN
2175 RETURN
2180 'print hi-res character
2185 F0RK=1T0LEN(W$) :L=ASC(MID$(
W$,K,1)) :IFL>64ANDL<91THENL$=L$(
L-65)ELSEIFL=46THENL$="URDLBR6"E
LSEIFL<480RL>57THENL$="BR6"ELSEL
$=N$(L-48)
2190 DRAWL$:NEXTK
2195 RETURN
2200 'define figures
2205 FORK==0TO31:READF$(K) :NEXT:D
ATABD8E4R4H4E4L4H4G4L4F4G4R4F4 , "
BD8R8M-8 , -16M-8 , +16R8" , BD8R#U16L
16D16R8 , BD6R8U12L16D12R16 , BH2U6R
4D6R6D4L6D6L4U6L6U4R6
2210 DATABU2E6F2G6F6G2H6G6H2E6H6
E2F6 , BL8E8F8G8H8 , BU2E6F2G6D8L4U8
Submitting Material
To Rainbow
Contributions to THE RAINBOW are welcome from
everyone. We like to run a variety of programs that
are useful/helpful/fun for other CoCo owners.
Program submissions must be on tape or disk and
it is best to make several saves, at least one of them
in ASCII format. We're sorry, but we do not have time
to key in programs. All programs should be supported
by some editorial commentary explaining now the
program works. Generally, we're much more inter-
ested in how your submission works and runs than
how you developed it. Programs should be learning
experiences.
We do pay for submissions, based on a number of
criteria. Those wishing remuneration should so state
when making submissions.
For the benefit of those who wish more detailed
information on making submissions, please send a
self-addressed, stamped envelope (SASE) to: Submis-
sions Editor, THE RAINBOW, The Falsoft Building, P.O.
Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. We will send you some
more comprehensive guidelines.
Please do not submit programs or articles currently
submitted to another publication.
H6E2F6
2215 DATAE8L16F16L16E8,BU8F6D2G6
H6U2E6 , BU8F8D8L16U8E8 , BR2U8L4D16
R4U8,F8U16G16U16F8,E8D16L16U16F8
, BR2D8L4U12L6U4R16D4L6D8 , BU2R8D4
L16U4R8
2220 DATABR2R6U4L6U4L4D4L6D4R6D8
R4U8 , BU2R8U4L16D4R8BD4R8D4L16U4R
8 , BR2E6L4G12R4E6 , "E8M-8 , +16M-8 , -
16F8" , BD8R8H6U10L4D10G6R8 , BE2U6R
4D16L4U6L4D6L4U16R4D6R4 , BD8R8U4L
6U4R6U4L16D4R6D4L6D4R8 , BD8R8U16L
4D12L12D4R8 , BD8R8U16L4G4H4L4D16R
8
2225 DATABR8H8L4G4F4G4F4R4E8 , BD8
E6U4H6G6D4F6,U8R8G16R8U8,BL2H6R4
F12L4H6 , BD8E8U8L4G4H4L4D8F8 , "BD8
M+8,-16L4G4H4L4M+8,+16",U8L8F16L
8U8
2230 'define hi-res char set
2235 N$(0)="NU6R4U6L4R6D6BR4":N$
(1)="R6UL2NL4U5L2DR2BR6BD5":N$(2
)="R6UNL2BU2U3L6R4D3L4D3BR10":N$
(3)="R6U3NL4U3L6R4D6BR6*:N$(4)="
BU3NU3R4ND3U3R2D6BR4 "
2240 N$(5)="UR2DL2R6U3L6U3R2ND3R
4BR4BD6":N$(6)="NU6R6U3LND3L5U3R
6DL2BR6BD5":N$(7)="BU6R4D6RU6RD6
BR4 " : N$ ( 8 ) ="U3NR4U3R4D6RU6RD6L6B
R10":N$(9)="BU3NR4U3R4D6RU6RD6BR
4"
2245 L$(0)="U6R2ND6R4D3NL6D3BR4"
: L$ ( 1) =L$ (0) +"BL4L6BR10" : L$ (2) ="
NR6U6R2ND6R4D2BF4" : L$ ( 3 ) ="U6R2ND
6R2F2D2G2BR6":L$(4)="NR6U3NR4U3R
2ND6R4BD6BR4":L$(5)="U3NR4U3R2ND
6R4BD6BR4 " : L$ ( 6 ) ="NR6U6R2ND6R4BD
4D2BR4"
2250 L$(7)="U6R2D3ND3R4U3D6BR4»:
L$ ( 8 ) ="R2U6L2R6L2D6R2BR4 " : L$ ( 9 ) =
"R2U6L2R6L2D6BR6":L$(10)="U6R2D2
NM+4 , -2ND4F4BR4" : L$ ( 11) ="U6R2D6R
4BR4" : L$ ( 12 ) ="U6R2ND6F2E2D6BR4 "
2255 L$(13)="U6R2D3R2D3R2NU6BR4"
: L$ ( 14 ) ="U6R6L4D6R4NU6BR4 " : L$ ( 15
) ="U6R2ND6R4D3L4BD3BR8 " : L$ ( 16) ="
U6R2ND6R4D6L6R4BU2M+4 , +2BR4" : L$ (
17)="U6R2ND6R4D3L4R2M+2,+3BR4":L
$(18)="R6U3L2ND3L4U3R2ND3R4BD6BR
4"
2260 L$(19)="BU6R2ND6R2ND6R2BD6B
R4":L$(20)="U6R2D6R4NU6BR4":L$(2
1) ="BR2H2U4R2D4F2E2U4BD6BR4 " : L$ (
22)="BU2U4R2D6E2F2NU6BR4":L$(23)
="UE2H2UR2DF2G2DBR4UH2E2UBD6BR4"
:L$(24)="UR2DL2R6U3NU3L6U3R2D3BR
8BD3":L$(25)="R6UL2DL4U2M+6,-2U2
L6DR2
2265 RETURN /R\
56
THE RAINBOW January 1987
The Magic of Zanth
In Zanth. magic is commonplace. Dragons, Griffins. Centaurs
and Demons abound. You are sent on a quest to discover the
source of magic in Zanth. This intriguing adventure features over
2 dozen hl-res 16 coloranlmated graphic screens. 4 voice music
and sound effects, and speech (when used with the
Tandy SSC pak). The 16 color graphics look great, and
will bring hours of thrilling adventure.
Requires 128K, CoCo 3, disk $34.95
Color Scribe III
Take advantage of the power of your Color Computer
3 for all your word processing and editing. Have it your
way with either a 40. 64, or 80 column display on either
a green, amber, blue, or monochrome screen, and
reverse videol A huge buffer of over 64K is available. No
more guessing how much buffer space is left as a command tells you how
many bytes are available. There are over 20 line editing commands. You
can even move a block of text from one file to another. Save keystrokes
with macro commands. Includes extensive text formatting —pagination
with headers and footers, left and right justification, etc. Color Scribe III Is a
must for anyone who Is serious about word processing.
Color Connection IV
The best has just been made better for the Color Com-
puter 3. Use baud rates up to 1200 directly from the
back, or up to 9600 with a Multi-pak. It supports all
standard protocols including CompuServe's Protocol B.
XMODEM, and XON/XOFF, It features a 40, 64.
or 80 column display in amber, green, blue
or monochrome modes, and reverse video
display options are in the set-up file Auto
answer/auto dial features for both Hayes
compatible and some Radio Shack
modems are supported. The buffer holds over
65K. Single key macros enter often used ID'S with
a single key stroke. Our favorite Color Connection 3
for the CoCo 1 and CoCo 2 Is included.
Requires 1 28K, CoCo 3, disk $49.95
3uires128K,
Special!
$3.00
Off
Any Order.
Return of Junior's Revenge
This Is the same Junior you've seen in the
Kong arcade series, but with new CoCo 3
graphics. This tireless little monkey must over-
come all sorts of obstacles (4 screens worth)
to rescue his father, the King. He will traverse
the jungle and swamp, climb vines, avoid chompers and birds, and more
before he finally meets with his big daddy. The 16 color graphics are superb.
Requires 128K, CoCo 3, disk $34.95
*■
Ends
1/31/87
Personal Productivity
C.E.O $49,95
Personal
Finance $32.95
Business Applications
$100. (Payroll $125)
General Ledger
Check Ledger
Inventory Control
Payroll
Accounts Payable
Accounts Receivable
OS-9 Tools
Sourcerer $39.95
OS-9 Basic $49.95
Raid $39.95
Macro Assembler . . . $49.95
Textools $29.95
Text Formatter $34.95
Advanced
Utilities $29.95
Disk Fix $29.95
Advanced Editor . . . $39.95
Games — Sports — Arcades
cassette $24,95 disk $27.95
Ice Hockey r
Football
Adventures/Simulations
cassette $24,95 disk $27.95
Dungeon Quest
Omniverse
Major Istar
Treasure of the Aztecs
Escape: 2012
Star Trader
Franchise
Sam Sleuth
Bio Detector
Synther 77
1
Mr. Dig
Pro Golf
Bloc Head
RSDOS Programming Tools
Sourcerer $49.95
Color Basic Compiler $39.95
Macro Assembler $49.95
Advanced Editor $29,95
Color Connection III $49,95
(includes Color Connection IV)
Call or Write to:
COMPUTERWARE ,619 ' 436 3512
3F" Box 668 • Enclnltas, CA • 92024
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Address .
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TUTORIAL
Minimize bug problems and increase
vour programming expertise
€SCAP€ fROM TH€ BUG ZON€
Picture, if you will, a dimly lit
workshop. The only perceptible
activity centers around quickly
moving fingers performing a comput-
eresque symphony on the keyboard.
Atop the paper-clogged table rests a
smoking beaker of cocoa (what else?);
in the distance, thunder rumbles. Line
after line is entered from voluminous
pages of THE RAINBOW, still warm after
the journey from Prospect, Ky.
Meet Mr. I.N. Putter, an unsuspect-
ing participant in this pseudo-
Frankenstein scenario, who is unaware
of his imminent, never-to-be-forgotten
voyage into "The Bug Zone." (Music,
please.)
Those of us having an affinity for the
Color Computer have the chance to
conquer The Bug Zone. Since we create
most of them ourselves, we can quite
easily eradicate our bug problems pro-
vided we are armed with the right
ammunition: knowledge. Debugging is
in itself an art, just like creating original
programs. As such, it can be quite
rewarding and a valuable aid toward
better understanding programming.
This is written for less experienced
computer users who are still refining
their basic skills. It offers certain tech-
niques about debugging and should
make the prospect of entering listings
and handling the debugging process less
frightening.
What can be done to help Mr. Putter
avoid an unnecessary journey into The
Bug Zone? The most obvious ammuni-
tion is some understanding of how
BASIC vernacular is applied to make the
computer perform a particular task. For
that, he must become familiar with the
language: Where do O's go in a PLOY
statement? How big a number can be
Eugene Vasconi is a helicopter pilot in
San Antonio. Texas, as well as a mu-
sician and free-lance television pro-
ducer. His major interests on the CoCo
are graphics and music.
THE RAINBOW January 1987
used in a circle coordinate? When can
remarks be eliminated? Attempting to
enter a listing without at least an ele-
mentary understanding of the parame-
ters is like playing a trumpet and not
knowing what the valves are for.
Assuming we have done our home-
work, most bugs can be squashed dur-
ing the actual typing phase. Listings
such as those in the rainbow are very
helpful, since they reflect what should
appear on the computer screen (the 32-
character width). As you enter the
listing, pay particular attention that
what you've typed matches the ends of
the magazine lines. Make your informa-
tion match the rainbow's exactly. Any
variation could mean you've made an
error. Take a moment after every line to
check this. Use a marker to help avoid
jumping to another line. Try a pen
clipped to the side which points to the
proper spot; as you continue, move it
down the page. This technique can
prevent line jumping or typing in the
same information twice. As we all
know, wading through tightly packed
lines for hours can be hazardous to your
eyesight; this will help.
Pay attention to addresses. A "28"
typed in place of a "280" will eventually
cause the program to act strangely or
give a UL Error when the CoCo tries to
locate an address that doesn't exist.
Even if there is no machine language
in the program, always save it to tape
before you run it. You may have typed
in an accidental poke that will lock the
unit, and your typing efforts will have
been wasted when the power must be
turned off to free the machine. An even
wiser practice is to make in-progress
saves while entering, so if the power
goes off you won't have lost everything.
I learned this lesson when hours of
typing during a storm ended in a one-
second power failure. My CoCo,
trained as it was, got scared and forgot
everything I had been teaching it. I now
save, even when taking a short break.
BY CUGCNC VldSCOrll
Keep a spare work tape around for this
purpose.
If the program doesn't run properly
go about your debugging and, espe-
cially if machine language is used, mark
your corrections in the magazine, power
down, reload and then edit. Again, save
before trying. In this way, you'll be
certain everything is correct from
scratch and not helped by a past input
from you or the program, which may be
masking a problem.
Trips into The Bug Zone are most
frequently scheduled by Syntax Errors.
They are the most common and usually
the easiest to find except for the ones
pointed out by the computer that you
check 30 times to no avail. Don't worry,
they're there. They hide in things like
those formulas the geniuses create with
200 parentheses and 50 multiplications.
Remember, you need just as many ('s as
you need )'s for it all to work. You don't
need to understand the formula to be
sure it is entered correctly, just count.
Pay particular attention to semicolons,
colons, periods and commas; they can
look alike. This is an area many pro-
grammers need to watch, and I have
been a violator as well. Let's start
avoiding similar-looking letter/ number
combinations where possible, like
O(0)=I(1) or SI(8)=MN$( I). Of
course, certain information must be
programmed according to basic re-
quirements such as PLAY "L8B05", but
notice how many of the following look
similar to type-weary eyes especially on
a television plagued with RF interfer-
ence:
•
-
I
- 1
B
- 8
S •
- i
N •
- M
G •
- G
*
- +
This is one area where thoughtful pro-
gramming can assist the variety o
debugging talents found in the CoCo
$
fc
community and make entering listings
much easier.
TM Errors are solved simply by
finding the place where a $ or string
designation was either omitted or added
by mistake. $ can only designate string
material like A$="D0G" not A$=7G.
There are a lew modifications to this
rule, but basically when acquiring the
TM Error, look for a dropped $.
The two errors that strike most fear
into human hearts are the OD Error and
the FC Error. The first because it tells
us we must wade through those 800 data
lines we barely got through in the first
place, and the second because it can be
caused by something far away from the
line listed as the error line.
The OD or (Out of Data) Error is not
a particularly overwhelming problem.
First, by yelling "out of data" the
computer is saying that it wanted to
read more than you gave it. That tells
us we have one problem: The read
amount doesn't match the amount of
data available. It isn't necessary to
understand the program to find the fix,
simply check the read amount. If it says
10 FOR X=l TO 99:READ A$(X):NEXT
X, we know we need 99 pieces of data
to satisfy the computer. Be certain the
99 is correct. Now go to all those data
lines and simply count the numbers
between the commas; they should total
99. If not, you missed one somewhere,
so double-check the magazine listing for
proper alignment at the edges of the
margins. This should help; if it doesn't,
you will need to go line by line to find
the problem.
Sometimes you get to the end and still
can find no omitted data number. Is the
computer wrong? Don't bet on it. The
problem here is usually a period typed
in place of a comma. This would make
a statement like: DATA 77,54,32,71,
10, which has five separate numbers,
turn into: DATA 77,54,32.71,10,
which has only four. That little period
is almost invisible among myriad lines
of numbers, and most people would
rather hear fingernails on a chalkboard
than go through them one by one.
So, do it the easy way. If you find
yourself in this position, check each
DATA line with EDIT. If we enter EDIT
and search for the period, 5., the cursor
will move to the end of a good line or
stop on the period we've been looking
for. Change it and you're on your way.
Don't forget to mark it in the book as
a problem, in case you need to find it
again.
We now come to the infamous FC
(Function Call) Error. This accounts for
most of the one-way trips into The Bug
Zone.
Let's look at a few possibilities with
an FC Error in Line 100: 100
PLAY"T255L355 ; 01 ; ABCDEF ; XZS ; ".
Everything in the line looks OK. The 'O'
is an 'O' and not a zero, quotes are there,
255 is the maximum legal amount for
tempo and length, I is legal for the
octave, the note names are proper, and
the semicolons are really semicolons. So
why still an FC Error in 100?
The only culprit left to cause a prob-
lem is XZ$, so now we must find Z$ and
check it out. If it's bad, the computer
came to Line 100 in good faith and did
what it was told, but when it smacked
into Z$, it found someone asked it to do
something illegal for the PLAY com-
mand. Presto — The Bug Zone.
To find Z$, we have to look at Line
50: 50 Z$="CCCAAABBBQ4ACEGF".
Looks OK, but wait. The Q before the
4 doesn't make sense; it should be an
for octave. The mistake could just as
easily have been any letter other than A
through G or a command not allowed
in PLAY. So, we see here how a mistake
way up in the program can affect a line
anywhere.
The DRAW command is another good
place for problems, since countless
letter/ number combinations are used to
create a particular screen image. How
about an FC Error in Line 100 again:
100 DRAW"BM125,95;563;E30R10D9
L12;XA$;".
Aha, the obvious problem is the
illegal number for the SIZE command.
It can only be a maximum of 62. We'll
fix it and all will be well. Unfortunately,
we still have an FC Error, so let's find
where AS is created: 10 A$="U4R3G9L
3U7H3U5R47B5F9R6".
Remember, you must know some-
thing about the parameters allowed in
BASIC commands. If you do, you find
that AS calls for a line to be drawn 4,785
points to the right. When you check the
listing you find out it should have been
R47D5.
FC bugs can take on a wide variety
of disguises: PUT parameters must equal
their repsective GET partners, PRINT
@XXX, can be no more than 511, and
line commands must not exceed 256
horizontal and 192 vertical. The possi-
bilities are endless, and we can't cover
them here. The solution is to break the
problem down into small parts starling
with the called line number, then search
for the other areas brought into play to
make that line work. By doing this,
you'll eventually escape The Bug Zone.
A final hint concerning breaking the
large program down into small parts.
Don't be afraid to insert a GOTO or STOP
command in a listing to test the waters.
Things go by rapidly when the comput-
er works, so you need to center in on
your problem.
If, for example, a PAINT command
makes color spill out of your graphics
try this:
^\
10 DRAW"BM125,9GR40D40L40U38''
20 PAINT(130,100),4,3
Put 15 GOTO 15 in and check whether
the line makes a complete container for
the paint. You won't see it until it is too
late. Then fix the DRAW statement and
remove the GOTO. If the container is
complete and there is still a problem,
double-check the paint coordinates by
changing PAINT to a PSET(130,100),
put in 25 GOTO 25 and see where the dot
sets. If the listing is correct you won't
need this, but mistakes do happen.
For number variables like 10 X=X*2
or 200 LINE(X,30)-(X+7,120) ,
PSET, the program will work for a
moment unitl X gets too big to be legal.
If it's part of a larger program, put a
stop on Line 201 and ask the computer
to 'X. What if it says X=250? No good,
because the second part of the line
command adds 7 to X and therefore
equals 257, which is not allowed. Your
problem then becomes the X=X*@ state-
ment, which maybe needed to be an
X=X+2.
So, don't be discouraged by an occa-
sional voyage into The Bug Zone. Those
more experienced have spent many an
hour saying nasty things to their CoCo
while learning to discover elusive bugs.^
Just remember to:
1. Learn the rules
2. Compare with the listing
3. Save to tape before running
4. Check each line before continuing^
5. Double-check address numbers
6. Be careful of similar characters
7. Narrow down the problem
8. Don't be in a hurry
You will soon find you've acquired a
key that unlocks the many doors you
may encounter on your next trip into
The Bug Zone.
(Questions about this article may he
directed to the author at 12474 Starcrest
H204. San Antonio, TX 78216, 512-496-
5783. Please enclose an SASE for a
reply when writing.)
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 59
^
Create your own zany puzzles
CoCo-Nect-A-Dot
By Eric White
From time to time, I enjoy explor-
ing the graphics capabilities of
the CoCo. The Color Comput-
er's Extended BASIC is a very powerful
construction set. It can provide hours of
fun and occasionally frustration. With
it you can successfully create a variety
of interesting and useful programs.
CoCo-Necl-A-Dot is one such pro-
gram, using commands such as DRAW,
LINE, PRINT, GET and PUT as the main
building blocks. Explored in this pro-
gram is the incorporation of a simple
data interpreter. By coding each dot
puzzle in a standard format, the puzzle
can be displayed by simply processing
the puzzle data through the interpreter.
Once the user interface is finished and
operating, additional puzzles can be
created by entering more puzzle data.
CoCo-Nect-A-Dot accepts input
from either the joystick port or key-
board. Press the firebutton on the
Eric While is a self-taught programmer
with a graphic arts background, who
has been writing software for five years.
He lives in Altamont Springs, Fla.. and
has coauthored many programs in
association with WHITESMITH.
desired joystick to select it as the input
device. I will be using the keyboard
throughout the rest of the program
operation instructions. The active keys
are the arrow keys and the space bar.
There are three menu options avail-
able: Dots, Lines and Color. To select
a new puzzle, move the pencil with the
arrow keys until the point of the pencil
is on the box marked Dots, then press
the space bar.
The Lines menu item is automatically
selected when the program first starts,
and after each new puzzle has been
constructed. Lines is the drawing mode
used to connect the dots. Position the
pencil point where you want to tack a
line down and press the space bar. Next,
move the pencil to where you want the
line to stop and press the space bar a
second time.
Once your puzzle is complete, you
may want to add a little color. Move the
pencil point to the box marked Color
and press the space bar. A flashing box
will surround one of four color bars
located at the bottom right of the
screen. Use the up- and down-arrow
keys to move the flashing box to the
desired color and press the space bar to
select that color. Next, position the
pencil point where you want to add
60
THE RAINBOW January 1987
color and press the space bar to fill the
area.
The program consists of nine sec-
tions. Lines 50 to 390 are for device
input, lines 400 to 650 are pencil posi-
tion update, lines 660 to 980 draw the
main screen, and lines 990 to 1 170 are
the puzzle data interpreter. Lines 1180
COCO-NELCT-H-DOT
to 1320 do Hi-Res text printing, lines
1330 to 1630 are the menu options, lines
1640 to 1760 have the puzzle data, lines
1770 to 2200 are the Hi-Res character
data and program variables, and lines
2210 to 5000 are the start-up display.
To create a new puzzle, simply add
puzzle data in this order: x position (0-
255) for hint message, y position (0-191)
for hint message, and the hint message
string. Next, each point of the puzzle is
described by the x (0-255), and y (0-
191), R or L (which puts the dot's
number on the right or left of the dot),
and 0,0, END (which is used to end the
puzzle's data).
Note: The x coordinate must be
divisible by 4 and the y coordinate must
be divisible by 3, so the pencil point can
be placed exactly on the dots. With a
little planning, almost any simple shape
can be encoded into a CoCo-Nect-A-
Dot puzzle.
COCO-NrLCT-fl-DOT
(You may direct questions about this
program to the author at P. O. Box 609,
Altamonte Springs, FL32715, 305-834-
0493. Please enclose an SASE when
writing.) □
1
160
1 ,
'DEVICE 2 = RIGHT JOYSTICK
<3f
1430 231
x /yj
' DEVICE 3 — LEFT JOYSTICK
V>220
...4 1610 120
180
450
.78 1720 241
190
'KEYBOARD DETECTION
620
...9 1840 52
200
IF PEEK(345)=247 THEN POKE 3
810
.45 2040 94
45,.
255:FR=1:RETURN
960
1190 ....
.18 2240 149
.247 END 98
210
43,;
IF PEEK(343)=247 THEN POKE 3
>55:A=A-1
IF PEEK(341)=247 THEN POKE 3
«s Ay)
41,255:B=B-1
The listing: CDCDNECT
230
IF PEEK(342)=247 THEN POKE 3
42,255:B=B+1
10 ■ 8503.10/23:00
MOD:8607.26 240
IF PEEK(344)=247 THEN POKE34
20 CLEAR200 : PCLEAR8 4,255:A=A+1
30 'POKE65495,0 'SPEED POKE 250
RETURN
40 GOTO 17 60
2 60
•RIGHT JOYSTICK DETECTION
50 •
270
A=AR : B=BR
60 'JOYSTICK ROUTINES 280
IF (P AND 3)<3 THEN FR=1
10 «
290
RETURN
80 PLAY"L150ABCDEFG":A$=INKEY$ 300
'
90 FR=0:P=PEEK(652 80) :AR=JOYSTK( 310
•LEFT JOYSTICK DETECTION
0) :BR=JOYSTK(l) :AL-
=JOYSTK(2) :BL= 320
'
JOYSTK(3)
330
A=AL:B=BL
100 IF KJOl THEN
IF INKEY$<>"" 340
IF (P AND 3)<3 THEN FR=1
THEN KJ=l:GOTO 80
3 50
RETURN
110 IF KJ<>2 THEN
IF P=12 6 OR P= 3 60
i
254 THEN KJ=2:GOTO
80 370
PCOPY5T01 : PCOPY6T02 : PCOPY7TO
120 IF KJ<>3 THEN
IF P=125 OR P= 3 :PCOPY8T04: RETURN
253 THEN KJ=3 : PLAY
'L150ABCDEFG": 3 80
FORU=lT04:PCOPY U TO U+4:NEX
GOTO80
T : RETURN
130 ON KJ GOTO 190
,260,310 390
PUT (210, 79) -(253, 119) ,K,PSET
140 '
: RETURN
150 'DEVICE 1 = KEYBOARD 400
i
1 1
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 61
410 "DRAW & GET PENCIL
420 •
430 PM0DE4 , 1 : PCLS 1 : COLORE
44^5 DRAW"BM0,22;"+P$
450 GET(0,0)-(23,22) ,P
460 PCLS : COLOR1 : DRAWBM0 ,22 ;U5E1
7R2F3D2G17L5":PAINT(2,17) ,1,1
470 GET(0,0)-(23,22) ,M
480 GOSUB370:X=99:PRINT@96+32+32
,""; :GOSUB22 70
490 PRINT: PRINT" PRESS ANY KE
Y TO BEGIN ":EXEC44539
500 PMODE4:SCREENl,l
510 IF FR=1 THEN 520 ELSE 550
520 IF X>194 THEN 1340
530 PLAY"T200AB" : IF L=0 AND TP=0
THEN L1=X:L2=Y:L=1:GOTO550 ELSE
IF TP=1 THENGOSUB370:PMODE3,1:
PAINT ( X , Y ) , CO , 1 : PMODE4 , 1 : GOSUB3 8
0:GOTO560
540 IF L=l THEN PMODE3 , 5 : COLOR1 :
LINE ( LI , L2 ) - (X , Y) , PSET : PMODE4 : L=
550 GOSUB90:SCREEN1,1:IF A=C AND
B=D THEN 510
560 C=A:D=B
570 X=C*4:IF X>232 THEN X=232
580 IF X<0 THEN X=0
590 Y=D*3:IF Y<24 THEN Y=24
600 IF L=l AND TP=0 THEN PCOPY5T
01 : PCOPY6T02 : PCOPY7T03 : PCOPY8T04
: PMODE3 , 1 : COLOR1 : LINE (LI , L2 ) - (X,
Y) ,PSET:PMODE4,1:GOTO620
610 PMODE4,5:GET(OX,OY-22)-(OX+2
3 , OY) , S , G : PMODE4 , 1 : PUT ( OX , OY-2 2 )
-(OX+23,OY) ,S,PSET
620 PUT(X,Y-22)-(X+23,Y) ,M,OR
630 DRAW"BM=X;,=Y;C0"+P$
640 OX=X:OY=Y
650 GOTO550
660 '
670 'DRAW SCREEN
680 '
690 PM0DE4,5:PCLS1
700 BD=l:S=18:MX=8:MY=l:DRAW"S15
":M$="COCO NECT A DOT":GOSUBl
250
7 10 DRAW"BM8 1,8; S4U6BM166 , 8 ; "+D$
+"BM198,8;"+D$
720 PMODE3,5:COLORl
730 LINE(0, 20)-(200, 185) , PSET, B
740 LINE(6, 186)-(200, 191) , PSET, B
F
750 LINE(200, 28)-(205, 191) , PSET,
BF
760 LINE(210,20)-(250,68) ,PSET,B
770 MX=214 :MY=113 :M$="COL" :GOSUB
1190
780 MX=236:MY=113:M$="OR":GOSUBl
190
790 MX=214:MY=97:M$= M LINES":GOSU
B1190
800 MX=2 18 : MY=8 1 : M$=" DOTS " : GOSUB
1190
810 LINE(251,28)-(256,73) ,PSET,B
F
820 LINE(216,69)-(256,73) ,PSET,B
F
830 MX=230:MY=42:M$="BY":GOSUB12
30
840 MX=2 16 : MY=50 : M$="ERIC" : GOSUB
1230
850 MX=214:MY=59:M$="WH":GOSUB12
30
860 MX=228:MY=59:M$="I":GOSUB123
870 MX=2 3 4 : MY=59 : M$="TE" : GOSUB12
30
880 BD=0:PMODE3,5:COLOR1:LINE(21
0,128)-(253,135) ,PSET,BF
890 COLOR2:LINE(210,144)-(253,15
1) ,PSET,BF
900 COLOR3:LINE(210,160)-(253,16
7) ,PSET,BF
910 COLOR0:LINE(200,15)-(208,18)
, PSET , BF : COLOR1 : LINE ( 2 10 , 17 6 ) - ( 2
53,183) ,PSET,B
920 LINE(210,79)-(253,87) ,PSET,B
930 LINE(210, 95)-(253, 103) , PSET,
B
940 LINE(210, lll)-(253, 119) , PSET
,B
950 GET(210,79)-(253,119) ,K,G
960 PUT(212,96)-(251,102) ,L,NOT
970 GOSUB1000:GOTO4 30
980 RETURN
990 '
1000 • READ DATA & PLOT POINTS
1010 '
1020 DN=1
1030 PMODE4,5
1040 COLOR0
1050 READ MX,MY,M$:IF M$="OUT"TH
EN RESTORE -.GOTO 1050 ELSE GOSUB11
90
1060 READ PX,PY,OF$:IF OF$="END"
THEN 1150
1070 IF OF$="R "THEN OF=8
1080 IF OF$="L "THEN OF=-6:IF DN
>9 THEN OF=-12
1090 DRAW"BM=PX; ,=PY; "+D$ : PX=PX+
OF: PY=PY-1 : DRAW"BM=PX; , =PY;A1BD3
ii
1100 IF DN<10 THEN DRAW N$(DN):G
OTO1130
1110 DN$=STR$(DN)
62
THE RAINBOW January 1987
INTRODUCE*
D1S23S
RAM
tf)t03
Montreal. , Q"
Canada H3U ^
383""
95
sa^i*-
ONLV
112/8 DRAW N$(VAL(MID$(DN$,2,1) ) )
+"BL6BU6"+N$(VAL(RIGHT$(DN$,1) ) )
1130 DN=DN+1
114)3 GOTO1060
1150 'FINISHED READING DATA
1160 DRAWA0"
1170 RETURN
1180 '
1190 'HI-RES PRINTING SHOP
1200 'NEEDS M$="MESSAGE"
1210 ' MX=X POS
1220 ' MY=Y POS
1230 DRAW"S4":S=8
1240 PMODE4 , 5 : COLOR0
1250 FORM=l TO LEN(M$)
1260 N=ASC(MID$(M$,M,1) ) -64
1270 IF N=-32 THEN MX=MX+6 : NEXTM
: RETURN
1280 IF N=0 THEN LINE (MX,MY+4) - (
MX+6 , MY+4 ) , PSET : MX=MX+8 : NEXT : RET
URN
1290 IF N=-18 THEN PSET (MX+2 ,MY+
4,0): NEXTM : RETURN
1300 DRAW"BM=MX; , =MY ;A1C0"+A$ (N)
1310 BX=MX+1:DRAW"BM=BX; ,=MY;A1C
0"+A$(N)
1320 MX=MX+S: NEXTM: RETURN
1330 '
1340 ' MENU
1350 '
1360 IF X<210 THEN550
1370 IF Y>79 AND Y<88 THEN 1420
1380 IF Y>96 AND Y<104 THEN 1490
1390 IF Y>111 AND Y<120 THEN 153
1400 GOTO550
1410 '
14 20 'DOTS
1430 '
1440 PLAY"T200CD" : PMODE4 , 5 : SCREE
N1,1:GOSUB390
1450 PUT(212,80)-(251,86) ,L,NOT
1460 COLORl:LINE(2,21)-(198,184)
,PSET,BF
1470 L=0:GOSUB1000:GOSUB3 90:PUT(
212, 96) -(251, 102) , L,NOT: GOSUB370
: PMODE4 : SCREEN 1 , 1 : TP=0 : GOTO570
1480 '
1490 'LINES
1500 '
1510 PLAY"T200CD" : L=0 : TP=0 : PMODE
4,5:GOSUB390:PUT(212,96)-(251,10
2) ,L,NOT:GOSUB370:GOTO570
1520 '
1530 'COLOR
1540 '
1550 PLAY"T200CD" : 00=B: PMODE4 , 5 :
GOSUB390:PUT(212,112)-(251,118) ,
L,NOT:GOSUB3 70
1560 L=0:TP=1:PMODE3
1570 GOSUB90
1580 IF K>1 THEN B=INT(B/16) ELS
E B=B AND 3
1590 COLOR1: LINE (209, B*16+127)-(
2 55, B* 16+13 6 ) , PSET , B : COLOR0 : LINE
(209,B*16+127)-(255,B*16+136) , PS
ET,B:OB=B
1600 IF FR=0 THEN 1570
1610 CO=PPOINT(235,B*16+129)
1620 B=OO:GOTO570
1630 '
1640 ' DOT DATA
1650 '
1660 DATA 4, 17 5, WHEN YOU WISH AP
ON A @§@@. ,100,36,R ,140, 148, R ,
30,72,L ,160, 72, R ,52,148, L ,100
,36,L ,0,0, END
1670 DATA 16, 175, YOU ARE MY SWEE
T @@@@@. ,108, 167, R ,168, 99, R ,17
2,67,R ,140, 48, R ,104, 67, L ,76,4
8,L ,44,67,L ,48,99,L ,108, 167, L
, 0,0, END
1680 DATA 12, 175, LIKE A BOLT OF
@@@@@§@@. ,176, 36, L ,48,95,L ,100
,103,R ,28, 169, L ,164, 106, R ,120
,87,L ,176, 36, R ,0,0, END '
1690 DATA 44, 175, LITE AS A @@@@.
,56, 160, L ,172, 104, R ,80,36,L ,5
6,160,R ,160, 32, R ,80,36,R ,172,
104, L ,0,0, END
1700 DATA 12, 175, SHINES LIKE A @
@@@@@@. ,24,68, R ,99, 160, L ,64,68
,L ,99,36,L ,136, 68, R ,99, 160, R
,184, 68, L ,24,68,L ,80,36,L ,120
,36,R ,184, 68, R ,0,0, END
1710 DATA 22, 175, YOUR MY @@@ @@
@@@. ,124, 132, L ,148,72, L ,164,82
,R ,152, 108, R ,132, 118, L ,156,56
,R ,36,56,L ,68, 132, R ,184, 132, R
,136, 148, L ,56,148,R ,16, 132, R
,68, 132, L ,0,0, END
1720 DATA 22, 175, YOU @@@@§ UP MY
LIFE. ,72,32, R ,128, 32, R ,156,10
4,R ,88, 104, L ,72, 148, L ,84,160,
R ,76, 168, L ,124, 168, R ,116,160,
L ,128, 148, R ,112, 104, R ,44,104,
L ,72,32,L ,0,0, END
1730 DATA 12, 17 6, AS COLORFUL AS
A @@@§@@. ,96,60, L ,72,84,R ,60,6
8,L ,128, 50, R ,128, 68, R , 56,56, L
,68,36,L ,120, 84, R ,100, 92, L ,9
2,30,L ,116, 32, R ,72, 104, R ,44,9
2,L ,36,76,L ,60,84,L ,88, 140, L
,20, 140, L ,52, 168, L ,148, 168, R ,
1807140, R ,88, 140, R ,0,0, END
1740 DATA 0,0, OUT
64
THE RAIN80W January 1987
Challenges Await You In
Th» Rainbow
Bookshalf
r
The Second Rainbow Book Of
~?&tes5S-
»«w»
tne
C0»« l
Put your wits and skills to the test with 16 outstanding programs
from the winners of our Second Simulation Contest. You'll en-
counter explosive action as the leader of the Rainbow City Bomb
Squad. As the Master Train Dispatcher, the pressure is intense
to avoid accidents and keep the trains on time. When all this
activity seems too much, who ya gonna call? Ghostgef-
ters, of course! Then it's off to CoCo's Bowling Alley for a little
Monday night relaxation.
Plunge into real-life action with:
Bush Pilot — Danger lurks above the
canopy of the dense African jungle
Nereid Countdown — Many different
skills are needed to launch the
massive Ezekial into orbit
Stock Market — Failure or fortune in
the world of high finance
Vacation U.S.A. — On the trail of
adventure through the American
heartland
Project Theta — Alone in your fighter,
you stand before Zygor's invasion
fleet
Olympic Decathlon — Qualify in 10
grueling events
Our award-winning authors: Curtis Boyle, Peter Brandt, Audrey DeLisle, Bill
English, Aryeh Glaberson, Floyd Keirnan, Ray Ligocki, Brian Maiorano, Chris
McKernan, Baron Quintana, Joel Robbins, Charles Santee, Randy Simpson, Bob
Tyson, E.L. Vasser and Duane Wood.
All This For Only $9.95!
And for all the fun without the fuss —
The Second Rainbow Simulations Tape or Disk
Save yourself hours of typing listings. Just load these great Simulations into your
computer and run them. What could be easier?
The tape or disk is an adjunct and complement to the book. Even if you buy either
the Second Rainbow Simulations Tape or Disk, you'll want and need the book
for the introductory material and loading instructions.
Tape Only $9.95 Disk Only $10.95
Please send: D The Second Rainbow Book Of Simulations for $9.95*
□ The Second Rainbow Simulations Tape $9.95
□ The Second Rainbow Simulations Disk $10.95
Name
Address
City
, State
ZIP
□ My check in the amount of is enclosed.*
Please charge to my: □ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Signature
Exp. Date
Mail lo: The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385,
Prospect, KY 40059
To order by phone (credit cards orders only) call (800) 847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST.
For other inquiries call (502) 228-4492.
•Add 41.50 shipping and handling per book. Outside the U.S., add R Allow 6 to B weeks lot delivery. Kentucky residents add 5%
sales tan lor book and tape. In order to hold down costs, we do not bill. U.S. currency only please.
1750 '
17 6)3 DIM P(13) ,M(13) ,S(13) ,A$(26
),N$(25),K(80),L(10)
1770 A=54:B=15:OY=45:OX=216:KJ=l
:X=OX:Y=OY
1780 '
1790 ' CHARACTER DATA
1800 '
1810 D$="EFGHRBU3" 'DOT
1820 P$="U5E15F5G3H3G11BF2E11H4E
5R2F3D2G17L5E"
1830 N$(0)="BRNR2HU2ER2FD2GBR3"
1840 N$(1)="BEHR4BD2BR2"
1850 N$(2)="U3EFD3R2NU4BR2"
1860 N$(3)="U3EFND2EFD3BR2"
1870 N$(4)="BU3NR4F3NU4BR3"
1880 N$(5)="NU4R2U3EFD3BR2"
1890 N$(6)="BU3BNED2FR2HU2EFD2GB
R3"
1900 N$(7)="U4RF3BD2BR2"
1910 N$(8)="BRHU2EFND2EFD2GHGBR5
ii
1920 N$(9)="BRHU2ENR2FD2GBR2BEU2
HB"
1930 A$(1)="BRNR3HU2ERND4R2BD4BR
2"
,THE„^
<* Software
KEEP-THAK' General Ledger Reg. S69.95-ONLY $24.95
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Filing data base File any information with Omega File Records can have up to 16
fields with 255 characters per field (4080 characters/record) Son, match & print
any field User friendly menu driven. Manual included (32k/64k disk only}
Rainbow Review 3/85, Hot CoCo 10/85
BOBS MAGIC GRAPHIC MACHINE
Can generate BASIC code to use in your programs. Easy drawing and manip-
ulation of circles, ehpses, boxes, lines and ARCS. Single joystick operation with on
line HELPS at all times. Allows text on the graphics screen & movement ol obiocts
on the screen Can be used as a stand-alone graphics editor Instruction Manual
GRAPHICS EDlTOR.Reg. J39.95— ONLY $19.95 for disk or tape. 64k ECB.
Rainbow Review 7/85, Hot CoCo 9/85 "The graphic* bargain ol the year"
KEEP-TRAK' Accounts Receivable. (Avail io/ui'85).
Features auto interest calculation, auto ageing of accounts, installment sales,
total due sales, explanation space as long as you need, detailed statements, KEEP-
TRAK General Ledger tie in, account number checking, credit limit checking &
more. User Inendly/menu driven. Includes manual. (39.95 or (49.95 General
Ledger & Accounts Receivables (Disk Only).
COCO WINDOWS' Available 10/31/85
With hi-res character display and window generator Features an enhanced key
board (Micks) and 10 programmable function keys. Allows the user to create
multiple windows Irom basic Includes menu driven printer setup and auto line
numbering. Four function calculator, with memory. The above options can be
called anytime while running or writing in BASIC. APPLE PULL YOUR DRAPES,
YOU DON'T WANT TO SEE THIS. $19.95 (disk or tape) Includos manual.
CALL TOLL FREE
1-800-942-9402
-I '^ffi^p
THE OTHER GUYS SOFTwara (Add J2.50 lor poilaga & handling)
P.O. Ho. H, 55 N. M.ln COD. Monty Ordar, Chock In U.S. Fundi
Logan. UT 84321 (801) 753-7620 (Plaaaa ipocliy II J4M conlrollar)
1940 A$(2)="NR4U3EFND3EFD3BR2"
1950 A$(3)="BRNR2HU2EBR2FD2GBR3"
I960 A$(4)="NR4U3ER2FD3BR2"
1970 A$(5)="NU3R2NU2R2NU4BR2"
1980 A$(6)="NU4R2NU2R2BR2"
1990 A$(7)="NR4U4BR2NDRFD3BR2"
2000 A$(8)="R2NR2U4NL2R2BD4BR2"
2010 A$(9)="BU2R4BD2BR2"
2020 A$(10)="BU4R3FD2GLBR4"
2030 A$(11)="NR4BU4F2ND2E2BD4BR2
ii
2040 A$(12)="R4NU4BR2"
2050 A$(13)="NR4E2H2R4BD4BR2"
2060 A$(14)="NR4E4NL4BD4BR2"
2070 A$(15)="BRNR2HU2ER2FD2GBR3"
2080 A$(16)="NR4U3EFD3BR4"
2090 A$(17)="BRNR2HU2ER2FDNNLNRD
GBR3"
2100 A$(18)="NR4U3EFND3BDE2BD4BR
2"
2 110 A$ ( 19 ) ="BU3NBED2FEU2EFD3BGB
R3"
2120 A$(20)="U2NU2R4BD2BR2"
2130 A$(21)="NR3BU4R3FD2GBR3"
2140 A$(22)="NR2BU4R2F2G2BR4"
2150 A$(23)="NR4BU4R4G2F2BR2"
2160 A$(24)="E4BL4F4BR2"
2170 A$(25)="BU4F2NG2R2BD2BR2"
2180 A$(26)="U4F4NU4BR2"
2190 '
2200 FORX=lT016:PRINTSTRING$ (32,
3 2);: NEXTX
2210 PRINT "*********************
***********";
2 2 20 PRINT"* BASIC COCO-NECT A D
OT V:1.0 *";
2230 PRINT"* COPYRIGHT 1986 BY E
RIC WHITE *" ;
2240 PRINT"* ALL RIGHTS RES
ERVED *";
22 50 PRINT "*********************
22 60 PRINT: PRINT" AFTER PRO
GRAM STARTS "
2270 PRINT: PRINT" PRESS THE
SPACEBAR "
2 280 PRINT" TO SELECT THE KEY
BOARD "
2290 PRINT" OR
ii
2300 PRINT" PRESS THE FIRE B
UTTON "
2 310 PRINT" TO SELECT THE JOY
STICK "
23 20 PRINT: PRINT" FOR INPU
T DEVICE "
2 330 IF X<>99 THEN GOTO 690 ELSE
RETURN /»
66
THE RAINBOW January 1987
BEGINNERS SPECIAL
Here's what you need to know to have
a healthy, happy organization
The Care
and Feeding
of a
CoCoClub
By Mark Haverstock
Are you a member of a Color Com-
puter club? If you are, you're in
good company. In the October
1986 RAINBOW, there were approxi-
mately 146 CoCo clubs listed in the
United States and Canada. This doesn't
even take into account clubs that have
Color Computer SIGs, or ones that
have yet to make themselves known to
the CoCo Community.
Sometimes, these clubs start from
small and humble beginnings. Often, a
few friends who have a common interest
in the CoCo get together for informal
meetings, and soon find themselves
attracting other enthusiasts who want
to share their ideas and problems. Other
Mark Haverstock teaches computer
applications and language arts classes
for the Boardman Schools in Youngs-
town, Ohio. He is also editor of the C3
Crier, newsletter of the Color Computer
Club, Inc.. ofCanfield, Ohio.
*!
ru
clubs form out of the frustrations found
in their present users groups. Our club,
for example, came about as a result of
finding no Radio Shack computer users
groups in the Youngstown area. The
group that was formed by five owners
of the early Color Computers now
boasts a membership of over 100, and
will celebrate its fifth birthday this year.
As a member of this modestly suc-
cessful computer club, I'd like to share
a few tested hints to help your CoCo
club grow and thrive with a little in-
volvement from your officers and
members.
Membership
The most important ingredient in any
club is a pool of active members. After
you've gotten your crew of friends and
acquaintances together, how do you
attract new members? You're dealing
with a fairly narrow group: those inter-
ested in the Radio Shack Color Com-
puter. These people are probably al-
ready owners or prospective owners of
this particular computer. To find this
select group of people, mailings to
computer owners, newspaper ads and
the like are not a very effective way to
reach CoCo owners.
If you think about it, the most likely
place to find a Color Computer owner
would be at a Radio Shack store or
franchise. But wait! Before you go stake
out the computer section of your local
store, here are some suggestions and
realistic expectations you should have.
Tandy does acknowledge TRS-80
computer users groups, and even pub-
lishes its own newsletter for them. This
doesn't imply, however, that your local
store manager or computer representa-
tive is going to supply you with custom-
er names, nor does it mean that they will
hang signs or pass out promotional
literature for you. Company policy
dictates otherwise. In spite of these
policies, we've found that store
personnel have been some of
our best allies, as
January 1987
THE RAINBOW
67
far as referring potential members to us
by word of mouth.
Often, customers will ask if there are
any local Color Computer clubs, or seek
technical help or advice that store
salespeople cannot provide. We regu-
larly mail newsletters and a few infor-
mation sheets about our club to local
stores. On the average, we gain three to
six members per month who mention
they heard about us at a Radio Shack
store.
Other stores that sell computer sup-
plies, software and related products can
help with membership referrals. We also
find that providing them with monthly
newsletters and general information
sheets helps remind them of us, and in
turn generates new members.
Listing club information on local
BBS systems is another way of recruit-
ing potential members who have
modem capabilities. Leave a message
on the board about your club; better
yet, ask the SysOp to put information
about your club in a more prominent
place, such as the bulletin section.
Other users groups can also be a
source of new members. I'm not sug-
gesting that you proselytize from other
clubs, but there are two situations you
should consider: I) a person who owns
a Color Computer and another brand;
2) a person who belongs to a Color
Computer SIG within a larger club.
After all, a second membership may be
beneficial to their understanding and
use of the CoCo, as well as to your
membership rolls.
Last, but certainly not least, have
announcements about your club
printed in computer magazines of inter-
est to CoCo users. Magazines such as
RAINBOW, CoCo Ads and Spectrogram
provide sections for club listings free of
charge.
Meetings
According to our club historian, the
first meeting of the Color Computer
Club (later to become the Color Com-
puter Club, Inc. of Canfield, Ohio) held
its first meeting at a local bar. The then-
elected secretary scrawled our first
minutes on a cocktail napkin. It's more
likely that your meetings started at the
home of a member than in a bar. Even-
tually, these places will become too
small to accommodate a growing club.
The next question is, where can you
hold your meetings?
The most likely (and cheapest) can-
didates for meeting places arc schools,
libraries, churches and lodges. Most of
these places will provide facilities at a
nominal charge, or no charge at all.
Some restaurants have meeting or
community rooms that are free for the
asking or may be provided for free if
your meeting agenda happens to in-
clude ordering a meal or snack. Least
desirable from the standpoint of cost is
a rented room or hall.
11 there is a charge involved, ask your
members to each donate a dollar toward
the cost of the meeting room. If the
collection exceeds the cost of the room,
you may eventually decide to do what
we did. Any excess went to purchasing
a door prize for the next meeting. This
is one way to take care of the surplus,
as well as providing an added incentive
to attend each month.
When planning meeting activities, the
best policy isto take care of the business
meeting first, when you have everyone's
attention. Whatever time is left can be
devoted to demonstrations, help ses-
sions, lectures, etc. Remember, the
mind only absorbs what the seat can
endure, so frequent breaks are a must
if your meeting lasts any length of time.
Some of our members have been caught
sneaking out to get a burger and fries
during a long-winded business meeting.
Encourage your members to bring
their computers if space and the number
of electrical outlets permit. This prac-
tice provides easy access to hardware
for demonstrations or help sessions.
There's nothing like seeing the program
or hardware in action.
Be sure to make your meetings edu-
cational and informative. Besides being
a social gathering for computer owners,
a meeting should provide some learning
exeriences for members and visitors
who may attend. A club that provides
a forum to exchange information and
educate will meet the needs of its present
members, as well as attract beginners
who seek help and advice.
Club Assets
The club assets I will refer to don't
have anything to do with the treasury.
When a prospective member is looking
over your club, the one implied question
always in his or her mind is. "What's in
it for me?" A good club will provide
services to attract and keep members.
One of the most valuable services
we've found is providing a club library
of public domain programs. This is a
great attraction for new computer
owners who have little or no software.
They can borrow a wide array of pro-
grams without making any major in-
vestment.
Keep your library public domain
only! There are several reasons for this.
First, it's cost efficient. Public domain
programs cost the club nothing, except
for the cassettes or disks on which they
are stored. Secondly, the issue of pro-
gram privacy becomes non-existent.
Members, if they desire, can copy these
programs legally. Public domain pro-
grams have no strings attached. In
contrast, licensing agreements in com-
mercially produced programs may limit
use to the original buyer only, making
them unsuitable for a lending library. If
a member illegally copies a program,
both the member and club could be
liable.
There are many places a club library
can obtain public domain software.
Programs can be downloaded from
BBS systems, and the Color SIGs on
information services, such as Delphi. A
few companies who advertise in RAIN-
BOW, including PD Software of Hous-
ton, Texas, compile and sell disks of
public domain software at a nominal
price to cover the cost of the disk and
duplicating. Established clubs, like our
own, will often exchange library disks
of public domain programs on a one-
for-one basis. Finally, don't forget your
members who may want to donate
programs they have written to your
library.
Offering classes is a great draw for
new members, especially those who are
first-time computer owners, basic lan-
guage classes will probably be the most
well attended, and suit the needs of most
of the membership. Advanced courses
in BASIC, as well as PASCAL and assem-
bly language, can be considered if there
are members qualified to teach them.
Our club usually holds these classes at
the homes of members, and limits the
amount of students accordingly.
An alternative to formal classes is a
resident "expert" on applications pro-
68
THE RAINBOW January 1987
grams. Incorporated into some of our
meetings have been demonstrations of
specific programs, such as a particular
word processor or filing program.
These "experts" are members who are
thoroughly acquainted with the pro-
grams and give either a small group
demonstration or one-on-one help to
members.
A club BBS system can also be an
inducement for prospective members. It
can provide an instant means of com-
munication between club members and
a current update on club activities and
concerns. Our club BBS is open to all,
but members have several reserved
sections and privileges not available to
the public.
Since the purchase of equipment and
phone costs can quickly go beyond the
ability of a club to support it, sponsor-
ship of a club member's existing board
is an attractive alternative. Sharing the
cost of monthly phone charges is one
way a SysOp and club can benefit each
other.
Newsletters
One visible sign of a growing club is
a newsletter. It may start from humble
beginnings on a single copied sheet, or
be a mini-magazine with regular col-
umns, programs and tutorials. What-
ever size or format, we've found this to
be one of the club's greatest assets. Our
members appreciate, even look forward
to, the arrival of a monthly newsletter.
Getting a newsletter started requires
the efforts of several dedicated
members. I emphasize the word several
here for a good reason. A single editor
cannot go it alone. A good newsletter
needs people who can write and com-
municate clearly, have a talent for
graphic arts, and editors who have a
good working knowledge of grammar
and spelling.
Articles from members are crucial to
the success of any club newsletter. As in
many clubs, most of the articles submit-
ted are from officers and a handful of
regular contributors. To promote writ-
ing for our club newsletter, we've of-
fered some incentives that have been a
modest success. Each member who has
an article printed in the newsletter
receives a one-month extension on his
club membership. Periodically, pro-
gramming contests are held to solicit
programs for publication. The winning
program is published, and the winner
receives a prize or gift certificate for his/
her efforts.
To make things simpler for the editor,
our newsletter requires submissions on
tape or disk from a word processor,
written in ASCII format. That way, the
editor only needs to load the file into his
word processor, make corrections, and
print out the article. The articles and
artwork are then pasted up on layout
sheets and sent to the printer.
If your club can afford it, offset
printing by a professional printer pro-
duces the best quality newsletters. A
good alternative for budget-conscious
clubs is to find a professional printer
who has a high-speed copier. Most of
these copiers will print both sides and
collate at a reasonable cost.
Money Raising Activities
To support a newsletter, BBS and
other club activities, you'll need to have
a treasury with sufficient funds. Dues
for membership will always be a signif-
icant form of income, but usually won't
be enough to cover a club's entire
expenses. Money-raising activities now
become a major consideration. Try to
avoid money-raising activities that
require a substantial cash outlay in
advance.
Raffles can be a hit or miss proposi-
tion. In the past, our club has held
raffles for two Color Computer sys-
tems; one was successful and one barely
covered expenses. There is an obvious
element of risk if you can't at least break
even. One type of raffle that involves no
investment is a "50/50 raffle," in which
the proceeds are evenly distributed
between the club and the winner. The
50/50 raffle has been successful at both
meetings and membership drives.
Traditional money raisers such as
candy sales are possibilities if you can
form a good working relationship with
the supplier. Many of these fund-raising
companies will buy back unopened
boxes of items that have not been sold.
Also, they may not bill you for the
merchandise immediately. This gives
the club an opportunity to pay the bill
from the first round of sales money that
is turned in. Whatever you choose to
sell, be sure you have support from your
members, as well as a sales plan from
the supplier that is to your liking.
Final Thoughts
These are just a few suggestions that
will contribute to the growth of a Color
Computer club. Of course, this is not
the final word on how to run a club, nor
is it intended to be. The ideas are ones
that have worked for us over the last few
years. I'd welcome comments on what
projects and ideas have worked for your
particular club.
(Questions about this article may be
addressed to Mr. Haverstock at 6835
Colleen Drive, Youngstown, OH 445 12.
Please enclose an SASE when writ-
ing.) ^
Two- Liner Contest Winner . . .
Use the joystick to make your player avoid the
potholes. This one is great and is even more difficult
when using the high-speed poke.
The listing:
10 IFN=0THENCLS3:PLAY"L255O3ABGF
EDCCC" : PRINT@J3 , "SCORE : " ; SC : X=3 1 :
Y=3 1 : K=K+2 : FORT=1TOK+10 : SET (RND (
63) ,RND(26)+1,2) : NEXTT ELSE C=JO
YSTK(0) :IFC<10THENX=X-1ELSEIFC>5
3THENX=X+1
2j3 Y=Y-l:IFPOINT(X,Y)=2THENPRINT
"FINAL SCORE :";SC: END ELSE SC=SC
+ 1 :PRINT@j3, "SCORE: ";SC: IF Y<2THE
NN=j3 : GOTO10 ELSE N=1:SET (X, Y, 5) :
PLAY"L25501CC":F0RT=1T075: NEXTT:
SET(X,Y,3) :GOTO 10
Dean A mo
Wethersfteld, CT
(For this winning two-liner comes! entry, ihe author has been seni copies
of boeh The Rainbow llnok of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Si inula lions Tape.)
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 69
# * *
Clubs, Clubs, Clubs
We compile a list quar-
terly of Color Computer
Clubs because of the
many requests we receive. CoCo
Clubs may wish to exchange
newsletters, share ideas for top-
ics of discussion at monthly
meetings, etc.
Please let us know if we have
omitted any clubs and send us
complete up-fo-date addresses.
Only those clubs that have
signed our anti-piracy agree-
ment form will appear in this
listing of CoCo Clubs. Also,
please notify us if you wish to add
or delete any names on this list.
Send your information to:
CoCo Clubs
THE RAINBOW
The Falsoft Building
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
# * *
ARIZONA
Tucson Color Computer Club, Bill Nunn, 9631 E.
Stella, Tucson, 85730. (602) 721-1085
CALIFORNIA
Color America Users Group, Mark Randall, 2227
Canyon Road, Arcadia, 91006, (818) 355-6111
Los Angeles-Wilshire Color Computer Users'
Group, Norm Wolfe, P.O. Box 11151. Beverly
Hills, 90213, (213)838-4293
California Computer Federation, (San Fernando
Valley Chapter), Pete Ellison, 366 West Provi-
dencia Ave., Burbank. 91506, (818) 840-8902
California Computer Federation, (San Francisco
Chapter), Art Murray, P.O. Box 7007, Redwood
City, 94063, (415) 366-4560, BBS (415) 364-2658
The Davis CoCoNuts, Shneor Sherman, 1818
Haussler Dr., Davis, 95616, (916) 758-3195
South Bay Color Computer Club, Patricia Scheffer,
1435 W. 172nd Street, Gardena, 90247, (213)
371-2016
South Bay Color Computer Club, Bill Tillerson, 73
Alamitos Ave.. Suite 2, Long Beach, 90802, (213)
432-3037
Ventura County Color Computer Club (VC4), Doug
McLaughlin, Oxnard Public Library, 214 South
"C" Street. Oxnard. 93030, (805) 984-4636 or
BBS (805) 484-5491
Citrus Color Computer Club, Jack Brinker, P.O. Box
6991, San Bernadino, 92412, (714) 824-1866
South Bay Color Computer Users Group, John G.
Say, 3117 Balmoral Drive, San Jose, 95132,
(408) 923-2967
COLORADO
The ESCO Computer Club, David E. Schulz, 1299
Harrison Street, Denver, 80206, (303) 388-6988
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Northern Virginia C.C. Club, Bruce Warner, 14503
Fullerton Rd„ Dale City. Virginia 22193. (703)
690-2453
FLORIDA
Northwest Florida CoCo Nuts, Lee Gottcher, P.O.
Box 1032, Fort Walton Beach, 32549, (904) 678-
8894
Jacksonville Color Computer Club, William H.
Brown 111,2411 Hirsch Ave., Jacksonville, 32216,
(904) 721-0282
CoCo Chips Color Computer Club, 715 5th Avenue
NE, Largo. 33540. (813) 581-7779
Broward County Color Computer Club, George
Aloia, 2263 N.W. 65 Avenue, Margate, 33063,
(305) 972-0975
South Brevard Color Computer Club. Benjamin S.
Jerome, 496 Hillside Court, Melbourne, 32935,
(305) 259-4609
CoCo Nuts of Central Florida, George Ellenburg,
Box 593790, Orlando, 32859-3790, (305) 855-
7867
Color-6809 Users Group, Emery Mandel, 4301 11th
Avenue North, St. Petersburg, 33713-5207, (813)
323-3570, BBS (813) 321-0397
C.C. Club of Sarasota, Ernie Bontrager, 4047 Bee
Ridge Rd., Sarasota, 33583, (813) 921-7510
GEORGIA
The Northeast Atlanta Color Computer Club, Joe
Novosel, P.O. Box 450915, Atlanta, 30345, (404)
921-7418
The CoCo Cartel, Dennis M. Weldy, 4059 Acacia
Drive, Columbus, 31904, (404) 576-5479
Atlanta Color Computer Users Group. Terry E.
Love. 5155 Maroney Mill Rd., Douglasville,
30134, (404) 949-5356
ILLINOIS
Illinois Color Computer Club of Elgin, Tony Po-
draza, 1 1 9 Adobe Circle, Carpentersville, 601 1 0,
(312)428-3576
Northern Illinois Color Computer Club, Kenneth
Trenchard, Sr., 6145 N. Sheridan Road 30,
Chicago, 60660, (312) 973-5208
Willow-Works Club. Kevin L. Adair, 5753 S. Laflin,
Chicago, 60636, (312) 737-5716
Peoria Color Computer Club, Harold E. Brazee, 102
Twin Oak Court, East Peoria, 61611, (309) 694-
4703
Glenside Color Computer Club, Ed Hathaway, 8 W.
Stevenson Drive. Glendale Heights. 60139, (312)
462-0694
Kitchen Table Color Computer Group, Robert Mills,
P.O. Box 464. Hanover, 61041, (815) 591-3377
Motorola Microcomputer Club, Steve Adler, 1301
Algonquin Rd., Schaumburg, 60196, (312) 576-
3044
Chicago OS-9 Users Group, John Chastaen, 480
Gilbert Drive, Wood Dale, 60191, (312) 860-2580
INDIANA
Three Rivers Color Computer Club, R.R. 3, Box 269,
Angola, 46703
CoCo Program Exchange, Erik Merz, 3307 Arrow
Wood Dr., Fort Wayne, 46815, (219) 749-0294
Indy Color Computer Club, Kevin S. Jessup, Sr.,
P.O. Box 26521, Indianapolis. 46236, (317) 873-
5808
Southern Indiana Computer Club, Route 1 , Box 459,
Mitchell, 47446
Michiana CoCo Club, Clay Howe. 310 S. Jefferson
St., Sturgis, 49091, (616) 651-4248
IOWA
CoCo Questers, Scott Bellman, 2420 Salem Court,
Bettendorf, 52722, (319) 359-7702
Metro Area Color Computer Club (MACCC), David
E. Hansen, 3147 Avenue J, Council Bluffs,
51501, (712)323-7867
Mid Iowa CoCo, Terry G. Simons, 1328 48th Street,
Des Moines, 50311, (515) 279-2576
Dubuque Tandy Users Group, Wesley Kullhem,
1995 Lombard, Dubuque, 52001, (319) 556-4137
KANSAS
KC CoCo Club, Gay Crawford, P.O. Box 11192,
Kansas City, 66111, (913)764-9413
Micro 80 Users Group. Kevin Cronister, 2224 Hope,
Topeka, 66614, (913) 272-1353
Color Computer Club of Wichita, William Wales. 220
East Harry St., Lloyd Electronics, Wichita,
67220, (316) 685-9587, BBS (316) 685-8752
KENTUCKY
Perry County CoCo Users Group, Keith W. Smith,
General Delivery, Hardburly, 41747. (606) 439-
4209
LOCO-COCO, Jim Spillman, 2405 Woodmont Dr.,
Louisville, 40220. (502) 454-5331
LOUISIANA
Cajun CoCo Club, Rick Herbert, P.O. Box 671,
Crowley. 70526, (318) 788-3148
MAINE
Tandy Computer Club, Delmer Cargill, P.O. Box
428, Westbrook, 04092, (207) 854-2862
MASSACHUSETTS
Greater Boston Super Color Users Group, Robert
Biamonte. 6 Boulder Drive, Burlington. 01803
Massachusetts CoCo Club, Jason Rahaim, Spring
St., Lunenberg, 01462, (617) 582-6514
CLUB 6809, Jean Salvas, 204 East Street, Spring-
field. 01104, (413)734-5163
MICHIGAN
Color C.H.I.P.S., Jack Pieron, 3175 Oakhill Place,
Clarkston, 48016, (313) 627-4358
CCUG (Color Computer Users Group), Rich Van
Manen, 0-599 Lake Michigan Dr.. Grand Rap-
ids, 49504, (616)453-8351
Tandy Users Group of Grand Rapids, Robert M.
Worth, Jr., 1726 Millbank S.E.. Grand Rapids.
49508 (616) 245-9324
Greater Kalamazoo Color Computer Club, Jim Rix,
1835 Chevy Chase Blvd., Kalamazoo, 49008,
(616) 344-7631
Greater Lansing ColorComputer Users Group, P.O.
Box 14114, Lansing, 48901
Michiana CoCo Club, Clay Howe, 310 S. Jefferson
St.. Sturgis, 49091, (616) 651-4248
MISSISSIPPI
Singing River C.C. Club, Mark Welch, 3605 Van-
cleave Rd., #118, Gautier, 39553, BBS (601 ) 875-
8688
Gulf Coast Color Computer Assoc, Ed Keels. 22
Christy Cove, Gulfport, 39503, (601) 832-1210
Jackson Color Computer Club, Dorothy N. Welch.
424 Church Street, Madison, 39110, (601) 856-
7255
CoCo Art Club, Joel Bunyard, Rt. 16, Box 11.
Meridian, 39301. (601) 483-0424
MISSOURI
North County 80 Group, Tom Vogel, 12 Ville Donna
Ct.. Hazelwood. 63042, (314) 739-4078
Mid-America Color Computer User's Group, Jerry
Morgon, 807 Ponca Drive, Independence,
64056, (816) 796-5813
Coconuts, 1610 N. Marian, Springfield, 65803
NEBRASKA
Siouxland Color Computer Club, Alan Pedersen,
61 1 D Street, South Sioux City. 68776, (402) 494-
2284
NEVADA
C.A.T. F.U.N., Paul A. Osborne. 201 Miners Road,
Fallon, 89406, (702) 423-5789
NEW JERSEY
West Orange CoCo Club, Gregg Favalora, 12
Blackburne Terrace, W. Orange, 07052, (201)
736-1748 (let ring 12 times)
Loco CoCo Club, Bud Lavin, 73B Wavercrest Ave.,
Winfield Park, 07036
Mercer County Color Computer Users Group,
Richard C. Kelly, 1904 Country Lane, W. Tren-
ton, 08628, (609) 883-9270
NEW MEXICO
Chaves County Color Computer Club, Lee Mitchell,
1102 Melrose Drive, Roswell, 88201, (505) 623-
0789
70
THE RAINBOW January 1987
NEW YORK
Adirondack CoCo Club (Albany Chapter). Ron Fish,
Box 4125, Albany, 12204, (518) 465-9793
Adirondack CoCo Club, (Greene County Chapter),
Pete Chast. P.O. Box 61, Athens, 12015. (518)
945-1636
Adirondack CoCo Club (Glens Falls Chapter),
Richard Mitchell, 39 Center St., Fort Edwards,
12828
Island Color Computer Club, Joseph Castelli, P.O.
Box 901, Bellmore, 11710, BBS (516) 783-7506
Kings Byte CoCo Club, Morty Libowitz, 1063 East
84th St., Brooklyn, 11236, (718) 763-4233. BBS
(718)837-2881
C.C. Club of Central NY.. Joseph Short, 248 S.
Fourth Ave., Ilion, 13357, (315) 895-7730
Rockland County Color Computer Users Group.
Harold L. Laroff. P.O. Box 131, Monsey, 10952-
0131, (914)425-2274
Olean Area CoCo Users Group, Herman L. Smith,
P.O. Box 216, Olean. 14760, (716) 933-7488,
BBS (716) 933-7489
The Rochester S-80 Computer Club, Inc., Gary
Panepinto, P.O. Box 15476. Rochester. 14615,
(716) 392-6133
New York Color Computer User Group, Carl Glo-
vinsky, 15 Bolivar St.. Stalen Island. 10314, (718)
761-0268
NORTH CAROLINA
Bull City CoCo Users Group, Todd Wall, 5319
Durand Drive, Durham, 27703, (919) 598-1348
Raleigh Color Computer Club, David Roper, P.O.
Box 680, Garner, 27529
OHIO
Central Ohio Color Computer Club, Jim Upperman.
5201 Wilcox Road, Amlin, 43002, (614) 876-1767
Color Computer Club, Inc., William Wills, P.O. Box
468, Cantield, 44406
Dayton Color Computer Users Group, Steven E.
Lewis. 4230 Cordell Dr., Dayton, 45439, (513)
299-3060
Dayton Area Color Computer Users Group, David
R. Barr. 2278 Yorkshire PI., Kettering, 45419,
(513)293-2228
Greater Toledo Color Computer Club, William Paul
Saba Sr., 3423 Cragmoor Ave., Toledo, 43614,
(419) 385-9004
Tri-County Computer Users Group, William J.
Loefller, 2612 Dale Avenue, Rocky River, 44116,
(216)356-0779
Miami Valley CoCo Club. Tim Ellis, 1805 W. Park-
way Dr.. Piqua. 45356. (513) 773-2244
OKLAHOMA
Central Oklahoma Computer Organization, Inc.,
Martin Schiel, 5313 Spitz Drive, Oklahoma City,
73135, (405) 670-6891
Green Country Computer Association, Michael
Keller, P.O. Box 2431, Tulsa, 74101, (918) 245-
3456 (DATA)
PENNSYLVANIA
HUG-A-CoCo, George Lurie, 2012 Mill Plain Court,
Harrisburg, 17110. (717) 657-2789
Penn-Jersey Color Computer Club, P.O. Box 2742,
Lehigh Valley. 18001
Skyline Color Computer Club ol Berks County.
Lewis F. Brubaker, 4874 Eighth Ave., Temple.
19560.(215)921-3616
Pittsburgh Color Group. Ralph Martlng, P.O. Box
351, West Mifflin, 15122, (412) 823-7607
RHODE ISLAND
New England COCONUTS. P.O. Box 28106, North
Station, Providence, 02908
SOUTH CAROLINA
LoCo CoCo Club, Larry Coyle, 4334 Flynn Dr.,
Charleston, 29405, (803) 747-0802
Midlands 80 Computer Club, Frank Eargle, P.O.Box
7594, Columbia, 29202, TBBS (803) 791-7389
Spartanburg County CoCo Club, Lawrence Easier,
Jr., Rt. 1 Highway 221. Spartanburg, 29302,
(803)578-3120
TENNESSEE
Tri-Cities Computer Club, Gary Collins, P.O. Box
4506 CRS, Johnson City, 37602-4506. (615) 929-
1862
Foothills Micro-Computer Club, Aaron Sentell, P.O.
Box 1541, Maryville, 37801, (615) 982-4629
TEXAS
The San Antonio Color Computer Club, James
Leatherman, 2430 Rawhide Lane, San Antonio,
78227
UTAH
Salt City CoCo Club, Dennis Mott, 720 E. Browning
Ave., Salt Lake City, 84105, (801 ) 487-6032, BBS
(801)487-6787
VIRGINIA
Northern Virginia C.C. Club, Bruce Warner, 14503
Fullerton Rd , Dale City, 22193. (703) 690-2453
Central Virginia Color Computer Club. Roger Lee.
Rt. 2 Box 175, Madison Heights, 24572
Color Company, Rick Blouin, 12007-C3 Greywing
Sq., Reston, 22091. (703) 860-9297
Richmond Area Color Computer Organization,
William Mays, 6003 Westbourne Drive, Rich-
mond, 23230, (804) 282-7778
WASHINGTON
Northwest Computer Club, Larry Haines, East 2924
Liberty, Spokane, 99207, (509) 483-5547
Mount Rainier Color Computer Club, Ron Amos,
2450 Lenore Drive N„ Tacoma, 98406, (206) 752-
8735
WEST VIRGINIA
Mil-O-Bar Computer Club, Jim LeMaster, P.O. Box
130, Ona, 25545, (304) 743-4752 after 4 p.m.
Blennerhassett CoCo Club. David Greathouse,
1306 Wells Circle, Parkersburg, 26101
WISCONSIN
Southern Wisconsin CoCo Club, David C. Buehn,
24607 67th Street, Salem, 53168, (414) 843-3830
CANADA
ALBERTA
Bonnyville User Group (BUG'S), Doug MacDonald,
Box 2071. Bonnyville, T0A 0L0, (403) 826-4790
The Calgary Color Computer Club, P.O. Box 22.
Station M. Calgary, T2P2G5
Edmonton CoCo Users Group, Dexter Dombro.
P.O. Box 4507 Stn. South, Edmonton, T6E 4T7,
(403) 439-5245
BRITISH COLUMBIA
Vancouver Colour Computer Club, Box 76734. Stn
S, Vancouver, V5R 5S7
Salmon Arm CoCo, David Coldwell, RR t»4, Site 26
Comp. 13, Salmon Arm, V1 E 4M4
MANITOBA
Winnipeg Micro-80 Users Group, Robert Black,
1 755 King Edward St.. Winnipeg. R2R 0M3, (204)
633-7196
NEW BRUNSWICK
Campbellton 6809E Users Group. Blaine Arsenault,
80 Deny Street, Atholville, E0K 1A0, (506) 753-
4769
NOVA SCOTIA
Halifax Dartmouth CoCo Users Group, Eugene
Naugler, P.O. Box 572, Dartmouth. B2Y 3Y9
Colour Computer Halifax User Group (CoCo Hug).
Paul A. Power, 6354 London St., Halifax, B3L
1X3, (902)455-6341
ONTARIO
ESSA Color Computer Club, Albert L. Ley, 40 Perry
Street, Barrie, L4N 2G3, (705) 728-9481
Kingston CoCo Club. Kenneth Bracey, 316 West-
dale Ave., Apt. 4-C, Kingston, K7L 4S7, (613)
544-2806
K-W CoCo Club, P.O. Box 1291, Station C, Kitch-
ener. N2G 4G8
London CoCo Nuts Computer Club, Harry K.
Boyce, 180 Concord Road, London, N6G 3H8,
(519)472-7706
Niagara Regional CoCo Club, Gerry Chamberland,
6843 Cumberland Crt., Niagara Falls, L2H 2J9,
(416) 357-3462
Ottawa 6809 Users Group. Norm Shoihet. 1497
Meadowbrook Road, Ottawa, K1B 5J9, (613)
741-1763
Sarnia Computer Users Group, J. Verdon, P.O Box
1082, Sarnia, N7T 7K5, (519) 344-6985
QUEBEC
Club d'Ordinateur Couleur du Quebec, Inc., Centre
de Loisirs St-Mathieu, 71 10- 8e Ave., St-Michel.
Montreal, H2A 3C4, (514) 270-7507
Club Micro Ordinateur de Montreal-Nord, Christian
Champagne, 12365 Blv. Langelier#7, Montreal-
Nord, H1G 5X6, (514) 323-5958
Club ORCO-RS, Jacques Bedard, 33 Lisiere, St-
Constant, J0L 1X0, (514) 632-4311
Le Club Couleur du Nord, Gabriel Pigeon, C.P. 315,
Barraute, JOY 1A0, (819) 734-2577
SASKATCHEWAN
Saskatoon Color Computer Club. L. Curtis Boyle,
35 Bence Crescent, Saskatoon, S7L 4H9, (306)
382-1459, BBS (306) 384-8040
FOREIGN
AUSTRALIA
Blacktown City TRS-80 Colour Computer Users
Group, Keith Gallagher, P.O. Box 264, River-
stone. New South Wales, 2765, (02) 627-4624
COCOPUG, Harry Murphy, 8 Lois Court, Regents-
ville, New South Wales, 2750
CoCoHUG (Color Computer Hobart Users Group).
Robert Delbourgo. 15 Willowdene Avenue.
Sandy Bay, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005
ISRAEL
The First Color Computer Club of Israel, J. Yosef
Krinsky, 52 Ramot Polin, Jerusalem, Israel,
Phone (02) 863-354
MEXICO
Mexcoco Users Group, Sergio Waisser, Paseo de la
Soledad #120, Mexico City, D.F., 53920, phone
294-36-63
the NETHERLANDS
Color Computer Club Benelux. Jorgen te Giffel,
Eikenlaan 1, 4641 GB Ossendrecht. the Nether-
lands
PERU
Piura Color Computer Club, Carlos Alvarez, Box
142, AV. Guillermo Irazola, J-6 URB. Miraflores
Castilla, Piura, Peru, phone (074) 327182
PUERTO RICO
Puerto Rico Color Computer Users Club, P. A.
Torres, Cuernavaca 1699. Venus Gardens, Rio
Piedras, Puerto Rico 00926. Phone (137) 755-
7598
WEST GERMANY
First CoCo Club Hamburg, Theis Klauberg, 2345
Delaware Drive. Ann Arbor. Ml 48103 (tempo-
rary address).
new clubs
Editor.
We would like to inform CoCo owners in
the San Joaquin Valley of our new club. We
arc looking for new members to join us. We
will have many activities, one being monthly
meetings. Anybody interested in joining,
please call (209) 646-2632 or write to me.
Matthew L. Reyna
695 T Street
Parlier, CA 93648
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 71
• I would like to announce a new Color
Computer user group in the Orlando/
Winter Park area. The club has its own BBS.
Details about the BBS can be obtained at the
club meetings which are the first Wednesday
of every month at my condominium's club-
house. To get directions, call (305) 855-7867
or write to me.
George M. Ellenburg
Co Co Nuts of Central Florida
Box 5913790
Orlando. FL 32S59-3790
• Anyone interested in joining the CoCo
Trading Post Club, please write me.
Bart Stanley
490 Potts Road
Conyers. GA 30208
• I publish a newsletter called Lewis Clark
Exchange and am currently looking for new
members. I print ideas, programs and
interesting articles. I would like to exchange
newsletters with other clubs and organiza-
tions. For more information on subscribing
or exchanging newsletters, write to me.
Leslie Miller
Lewis Clark Exchange
1 130 Brvden Avenue
Lewiston, ID 83501
• I'm pleased to announce the formation of
the COMPuter Assembly Serving Shelby
(COMPASS) Club. COMPASS meets the
second Monday of every month at 7:30 p.m.
on the third floor of the First Christian
Church in Shelbyville.
Duke Norris
P.O. Box 24 1
Shelbyville. IN 46176
• I would like to know if there is a CoCo
users club in the Leavenworth area. Anyone
knowing of one or anyone wanting to
organize one, please contact me.
Michael Frick
839 Ottawa Street
Leavenworth. KS 66048
• The GOSU B TRS-80 Computer Club has
been together for eight years. We arc a Tandy
computer club, with sections for all Tandy
computers. We have a BBS thai operates 24
hours a day at 300/ 1 200 baud. You can reach
it at (617) 756-1442. The club meets every
third Sunday of the month at St. Peters-
Marian High School on Grove Street.
Edward./. Donovan
357 June Street
Worcester. MA 01602
• The Tandy Users Group of Grand Rapids
(formerly known as the Grand Rapids Area
Tandy Users Group) meets on the third
Tuesday of each month, 7 p.m.. Radio
Shack Computer Center. 3 [42-28th Street in
Kcntwood. Our group is represented equally
by the MS-DOS. OS-9 and CoCo users. At
the present time, there are no dues and
membership is open to all, regardless of
hardware.
Robert M. Worth. Jr.
1726 MillbankS.E.
Grand Rapids. Ml 49508
• The Jackson Color Computer Club meets
on the third Tuesday of each month, 7 p.m.,
V.A. Medical Center. For information, call
(601) 856-7255 or write us.
Dorothy N. Welch
424 Church Street
Madison. MS 391 10
• I would like to announce the start of the
New York Color Computer Program ex-
change group. Our group wants to get public
domain programs in circulation. We do print
a newsletter which is filled with contests,
facts and other interesting things. There is
no fee. For information please write to us.
Larry Chatloo
230 Loll Avenue. Apt. 5-B
Brooklyn. NY 11212
the same benefits as the Oklahoma City
parent organization; club disks monthly, a
newsletter, a BBS and monthly meetings
with seminars on BASIC, OS-9 and other
points of interest to all CoCo users. Inter-
ested parties should contact their favorite
Radio Shack dealer or write me.
David Graham
724 E. Maple
Enid. OK 73701
• The Williamsport Area Color Computer
Club meets every third Wednesday of the
month. If you have any questions, contact
me at (717) 322-9715 or drop me a message
on the Delphi CoCo SIG. We meet at 7 p.m.
in the James V. Brown Library.
Christian Ross
(CGR)
Williamsport. PA
• A new club is being formed in the north-
ern Virginia area. We are supported by two
local BBSs and have started a public domain
library with over 800 entries. We would also
like to hear from other clubs about exchang-
ing ideas, newsletters and anything else that
will benefit the clubs involved. Our BBS
support numbers are Handy Tandy (703)
532-5317 and CoCo Corner (703) 573-3362.
Any interested party wanting more informa-
tion about this club, please write to me.
Rick Blouin
12007-C3 Grevwing Square
Reston. VA 22091
• The Richmond Area Color Computer
Organization ( R ACCO) meets on the fourth
Tuesday of each month. We publish a
newsletter each month. For information call
me at (804) 282-7778 or write to me.
Bill Mays
6003 Westbourne Drive
Richmond. VA 23230
• We would like to inform your readers of
the Ft. Meade Color Computer Club. Our
meetings are held on the second and fourth
Monday of each month. We meet at the
Land, Sea and Air Recreation Center lo-
cated in the N.S.A. complex at Ft. Meade.
No dues are collected and all are invited to
attend. We start at approximately 6:30 p.m.
and cover a wide range of interests. For
further information contact either Frank
Powers (301) 262-9573 for the Washington
area or Mike Clancy (301) 551-7520 for the
Baltimore area.
Frank A. Powers
12207 Mackell Lane
Bowie. MD 20715
• Announcing the formation of the CoCo
Users Group of Elmira. For information
write to us or call (607) 734-0065.
Bill Cecchini
P.O. Box 4181
Elmira. NY 14904
• It is with great pleasure that I announce
the extension of the United States largest
Color Computer user's group to the Enid
and northwest Oklahoma area with the
formation of the Enid Chapter, CoCo Inc.
We have 20 members in our third month of
existence and are growing rapidly. We offer
• 1 am starting The Poor Man's CoCo Club.
Although based in Wisconsin, CoCoists
from anywhere around the world who want
to see what owning a CoCo is all about
should send an SASE to me.
Mark Andreessen
Rt. 2. Box 103 W
New Lisbon. Wl 53950
• We would like to announce the existence
of the Bonnyville User Group (BUG's).
Although we are an all-types of computer
club, the majority of our members are CoCo
users. We have a monthly newsletter as well
72
THE RAINBOW January 1987
as our own club BBS and other benefits. For
more information, call Doug MacDonald at
(403) 826-4790 or write to me.
Gerhard Wolf
P.O. Bag-R
Bonnyville, Alberta
Canada T0R0L0
Quebec. For more information, please write
to me.
Jean-Claude Larouche
17 Bord-de-l'Eau
Repenligny, Quebec
Canada J6A 3K2
Morris Street, Sunshine. For more informa-
tion write to us: Sunshine Color Computer
Club, P.O. Box 1 1 1, Sunshine 3020 VIC. Or
give Ian Butriss a call at 03 314-3240.
Ian Mavric
32 Burnewang Street
Albion. VIC 3020
A ustralia
• The Calgary Color Computer Club is
interested in exchanging newsletters with
other clubs. Thank you rainbow for provid-
ing this service to the international commu-
nity of CoCo users.
Charles E.S. Torrey
P.O. Box 22. Station M
Calgary. Alberta
Canada T2P2G5
• The CoCo Co-op of Bridgetown has a
new address (see below). We will send a
newsletter and a public domain software
disk when you pay the club registration fee.
Write to me.
Lee Sutto
P.O. Box 565
Bridgetown. Nova Scotia
Canada BOS 1C0
• Announcing a new CoCo club as Les
Cocologiques in the south shore of the
Montreal area. For more information call
(514) 647-1849 or (514) 465-3597. You can
also write us.
Normand Nantel
105 Sacre Coeur. Suite 105
Longueuil. Quebec
Canada J4LIA8
• I am pleased to announce the formation
of Les Cocophiles Club in Legardeur,
• The Blackwood Computer Club is a new,
non-profit computer club. There are no
meetings or membership fee. The only cost
will be postage for a newsletter that will be
sent out every other month, depending on
circulation. Write to us for more informa-
tion.
Doug While
Box 38
Sylvania, Saskatchewan
Canada S0E ISO
• I would like to announce a new CoCo
club in Argentina. The Free CoCo Club has
25 members and the majority of us are
electronics teachers at the high school or
university level. We make programs about
physics, chemistry, mathematics, electricity,
electronics, business, statistics, etc. They are
made in Spanish and some in English. We
would like to communicate with others
interested in the CoCo.
Miguel Angel Novoa
Thome 1190
Codigo Postal 1406
Buenos Aires. Capital Federal
Argentina
• I would like to inform you of a new club
for CoCo users in the western district of
Melbourne. The Sunshine Color Computer
Club meets on Thursday nights every three
weeks (except during school holidays) in the
computer room of the TAFE Building.
• We have a Christian Users Group oper-
ating in Australia of which I am the contact
person. We would love to hear from similar
minded CoCo users throughout the reader-
ship of your magazine from around the
world.
Raymond L. Isaac, Lieutenant
P.O. Box 130
Hall & Residence
57 Wittenoom Street
Collie. 6225
A ustralia
• The First Color Computer Club of Israel
is in need of public domain programs. Since
we are a long distance call to all BBSs, we
are asking for any individual/clubs to send
us programs to add to our library. If re-
quested, we will be happy lo send you our
current newsletter. Please send an SASE. We
have a new mailing address and phone
number. Phone city code (02) 863-354;
please call 07:00-20:00 GMT.
./. Yosef Krinsky
52 Ramot Polin
Jerusalem. Israel
• Announcing The Great German CoCo-
Cooks Club. We are only a few CoCo users,
but we would like to get in contact with all
German CoCo users and, of course, with
CoCo users in every country.
Hans - Joerg Sebastian
Kalkumerstr. 96
4000 Duesseldor/30
West Germany
ORDER PHONE (416) 456-0032
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Keeping Track more than a disk manager.
II you own more than two disks you'll love Keeping Track A manager
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Map 'n Zap semi automatic disk repair
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January 1987 THE RAINBOW 73
SetKkm Sfaecial&
I Max Fonts Max Edit
I
New for CoCo Max
<■ 1985 Snaid Enterprises
Now you can have up to 72 fonts for creating
dazzling type-set titles and special displays!
3 SETS OF 24 FONTS
WHICH ARE OUT OF THIS WORLD!
$0/195
m
each
Written by Wally Bayer and Mike Shawaluk
SETONE
3m
95
A FONT EDITOR FOR COCO MAX
'Edit current fonts
• Create new fonts
• Design symbol fonts
• Comes with pre-defined fonts
• CoCo Max I & II compatible
$1095
19
(Disk Only)
SET TWO
Written by Michael W Shawalut
CoCo Mai" is a registered trademark ot Coioiwaie
SET THREE
Dttg.i~.3L medium
Digital Large
Fufrura
ll-i'i-ii:! Small
GRID URRGE
HfflFfl
mi ©Dili didnn
3
VI
»-by T«,olh S....II
3A3Y TE.&.TH B.&.
Cs.rttnrheel
Pint Print
Normande Small
[Morinande Medium
NORMANDE LG.
Piano
Holosi
PEiqNOT SmaII
Peic,not Larqe
I I I l-I 111 I ..I III! I
PRCEfiHflt mEaiLIETC
Piifiicsi lllaclc Small
Mocno.1 C ivi a .i .?
Mocn;o.fl Ztapre
PQBEiT OiST
Prlr\"vaWv 5lUiall
PRinTDUT LFIRQE
Bocklin
Broadway
■ i i ,
~-V->-
Old £ngUsli
X1RXC5 MCMWM
ScJOfit
mm mmit
STENCH.
Thin ma
Tip Top
WEJbT-RK
^nom ^ewUtty&i
PROCOLOR-FILE *
t 1984 by Demngei Soliwaie. Inc
ENHANCED 2.0
60 Data Fields (or each record
1020 spaces available per record il needed
Maximizes multiple drive operation
28 equation lines (+-7|
IF-THEN-ELSE logic test in equations
Full Screen editing on up to 4 data entry screens
Key click and auto key repeat
Stores custom designed report formats
Obtain totals averages, or summaries lor any field
Output reports to printer, screen, or disk file
Send data out to a DYNACALC compatible file
Separate label generator for up to 10 across labels
Pre-define up to 16 indexes for searching/reporting file
Sorts 750 records in under 5 minutes
User defined selection menus
Repeated tasks performed with one keystroke
Comes with 75 pages of documentation in a 3 ring binder
Supported by a national users group
Full time programmer support
Supplied on an unprotected disk
PROCOLORFORMS 2.0
*
c 1984 by Demngei Soliwaie. Inc
PRO-COLOR-FORMS will access data files created with
PRO-COLOR-FILE and merge them with a letter or place them
on pre-printed forms.
• STORE UP TO 6 FORMATS • USER DEFINED PAGE SIZE
• SUPPORTS SPECIAL PRINTER CONTROL CODES • RIGHT
JUSTIFICATION • PASSWORD PROTECTION ■ MERGES
WITH GRAPHICS FROM MASTER DESIGN OR
TELEGRAPHICS •
PROCOLOR-DIR
£ 1984 by Demngei Soliwaie Inc
*
PRO-C0L0R-DIR will read your directories and create a
master data file that can be accessed by PRO-COLOR-FILE
for sorting and reporting 1000 + reccrds can be stored on
one diskette with valuable information about each program.
You can obtain hard copies of the information and create
labels of the filenames for placing on the diskette itself.
• DISK ID NAME • FILENAME/EXT • TYPE OF FILE
• DATE CREATED • DATE UPDATED • NUMBER OF
GRANS ALLOCATED • NUMBER OF SECTORS
ALLOCATED AND USED • MACHINE LANGUAGE
ADDRESSES • .
FOR BOTH w jr *
DYNACALC *
SPREAD SHEET FLEXIBILITY
(Includes Dynagraph, Sidewise)
$
;ludes Dynagraph, Sidewise ) —rff
Telewriter-64,.
WORD PROCESSOR POWER ^
$ 59 95 $$§0!*
coco Max ii
GRAPHICS SUPERIOR ^ I
@ SUMMARY *
( 1985 Demngei Soliwaie. Inc
II you use your spreadsheet program to keep track ol youi
expenses then @ SUMMARY can help you analyze those
expenses. For example, if you indicate a "Category" for each
expense then @ SUMMARY will produce a report that shows
a total for each category, the highest amount, the lowest
amount and the average amount. In addition, ©SUMMARY
can produce a hires line graph or bar graph of the analysis
and allow you to place titles on the graph. A hardcopy of the
graph can also be generated as well as saved to disk.
The analysis can be saved in a "data file" which can be
loaded into DYNACALC or read in by @ SUMMARY for future
additions to the analysis. If you use other Spreadsheets such
as ELITE'CALC then you have added a graphing feature to
your spreadsheet applications. The analysis can also be savec
in an ASCII file which can be read by word processors for
inclusion in a report.
@ SUMMARY is compatible with any spreadsheet program
that can generate an ASCII text file of worksheets.
Specify rs-dos
or OSS'
SIDEWISE *
c 1984 by Demngei Soliwaie. inc
Add a new "twist" to your printers capabilities!
SIDEWISE makes your printer do something you never
thought possible- print side ways!
SIDEWISE will read in any ASCII text file and print it out
side ways using a Radio Shack. Epson, Okidata, C-ltoh or
Gemini printers having dot-graphics ability.
SIDEWISE 0S9 is compatible with DYNACALC OS9 and
requires BasicOS
SIDEWISE 0S9
(Disk only)
1&&4I&-
SIDEWISE RS-DOS
• RS-DOS version included FREE with DYNACALC"
0S9 is a legisleieU liaoemaik ol MICROWARE aim MOTOROLA
TELEGRAPHICS *
c I984 by Demngei Soliwaie Inc
PRINT HI-RES GRAPHICS USING TELEWRITER-64!
Use CoCo Max. Granhicom or other graphics programs to
create letter heads and print them while using Telewriter-64
Telegraphies interlaces with Radio Shack, Epson, Gemini,
C-ltoh and Okidata printeis having dot-addressable graphics.
A simple modification to Telewriter-64 will allow you to exit
Telewriter via the DISK I/O MENU and print out the graphic
without affecting any of your text in the buffer.
This is the same feature that is included in our MASTER
DESIGN program. Since we felt you don't need to buy two
graphics editing programs, we have made this feature available
at a reduced price.
(Available Only On DisK)
NO OTHER OSCOUNTS APPLICABLE
idiskonly,
C-fOQT '0S9 version does not
v IM*" have Hi-Res graphing
and requires Basic09.
DYNACALC is a legisleieil tiademaik ol Compuiei Systems Cemei
ELITE' CALC is a liaHemaik ol Elite Soliwaie
0S9 is a legisleieU liaaemaik ol MICROWARE ami MOTOROLA
Co Co 3 Compatible
MASTER DESIGN *
C 1984 by Demngei Soliwaie. Inc
Generates lettering in hi-ies graphics that can be different
sizes, skinny, bold, textured, drop shadowed, raise shadowed
or tall. Also interfaces with the Telewriter-64 word processor
lor printing hi-res displays with your letters.
take full advantage of all the extended BASIC hi-resgraphic
commands including boxes, circles, lines, copy displays and
utilizeGET and PUT features. Added commands includemirror
reflection, turn displays backwards or upside down. Squish
displays, create dot patterns for shading or diagonal lines.
The Letterhead Utility allows you to access hi-res graphics
Irom Telewriter-64, your own BASIC programs or
PRO-COLOR-FORMS.
Interfaces with dot matrix printersjiaving dot addressable
graphics.
Seeieviewsm
July 84 Rainbow Oct 84HolCoCo
Derringer Software, Inc. South Carolina residents add sales tax.
PO BOX 5300, Florence, SC 29502-5300 Include S3.00 for UPS Shipping - S5.00 U.S. Mail - S9.00 Air Mail
TO place ail Ofder by phOlie, Call: (803) 665-5676 Canadian Distributor-Kelly Software
10 AM and 5 PM EOT Australian Distributor-Computer Hut Soltware
Check. Money Order. VISA or MasterCard Allow 2 weeks for delivery
EDUCATION NOTES
Let the Little Ones Learn
by Counting on CoCo
By Steve Blyn
Rainbow Contributing Editor
This month's program is one for
the little folks — the preschool-
ers. It is always wise to try to
interest preschoolers in using comput-
ers. This will help them to avoid fears
and anxieties about computer usage
that may develop later in life. Usually,
a young child will want to "play with"
the home computer if he or she has seen
parents or older siblings using it. This
has certainly been the case in my home.
My youngest child has always wanted
to imitate the activities of the rest of us.
She is now 5 years old. Her first two
years were spent observing computer
use in the home and during the next
three years, using it herself.
This program is meant to ease a
young child into using a computer
comfortably. It is simple, colorful, and
presents a concept that most youngsters
have experienced before — counting
objects. A car will travel across the
screen beeping its horn. Immediately
afterward, a group of cars will appear
on the screen. The child is required to
Sieve Blyn teaches both exceptional
and gifted children, holds two master's
degrees and has won awards for the
design of programs to aid the handi-
capped. He owns Computer Island and
lives in Stolen Island, New York.
count the cars and type in the correct
answer. The number of cars varies
randomly from two to eight. The com-
puter displays the child's answer if he
presses a number from one to eight.
Other keys produce no response from
the computer.
If a wrong answer is given, the com-
puter displays it but makes no negative
reaction. We are, after all, dealing with
very young children and do not want the
computer to present any unpleasant
impressions to them. The child may
continue to press keys until the correct
answer is given. A happy tune accom-
panies a correct answer.
Sounds reinforce the visual picture of
the number of cars. This is an extra aid
to the child. Some may prefer to use the
number of beeps as an initial aid to
counting, and then use the pictures as
a secondary source of counting. If the
child becomes too reliant on counting
the beeps, you can turn off the volume
on your TV or monitor.
The words for the numbers are also
displayed each time the child presses a
number from one to eight. We felt that
some of the children might be up to
learning how to spell the numbers.
Nursery schools and Sesame Street do
a lot toward making our kids aware of
the numbers and letters at an early age.
The INKEYS is used throughout this
program to make it easier for the little
ones to use the keyboard. It is some-
times difficult for them to coordinate
pressing the correct letter and then
finding the enter key. This becomes
even more difficult on the new Color
Computer 3. (The ENTER key is less
prominent on the new computer and
will no doubt present problems to
adults and children alike for awhile.)
The enter key is used only to go on to
the next group of cars to count. Mom
or Dad can provide some assistance if
needed.
Lines 60-110 draw and print the
original car across the screen. Line 120
changes the position of the car by three
places, and the loop created by lines 40
and 130 moves the car along.
Lines 150 and 230 choose random
numbers from one to four. The number
of cars drawn will therefore be a number
between two and eight. The cars are
drawn in lines 160 through 290. Lines
300 to 320 create a box for the answer
to be placed in.
Line 340 looks for the child's re-
sponse. Lines 350 through 420 check to
see whether that response was one of the
acceptable answers (one through eight).
If not, the program immediately looks
for the next response. If an acceptable
76
THE RAINBOW January 1987
response was keyed in, it is printed and
checked to see whether it is the correct
answer by lines 460 and 470.
After the correct answer is given, a
happy tune is played by Line 460 and
the computer waits for the next instruc-
tion. Pressing ENTER gives another
example; pressing the E key ends the
program.
We hope that your young ones enjoy
working with this program. We do
suggest, however, that you stay with
them to provide encouragement, help
when necessary, and give a lot of praise
for their accomplishments. □
The listing: CflRCOUNT
10 REM"PRESCHOOL COUNTING CARS"
20 REM" STEVE BLYN , COMPUTER ISLAN
D,STATEN ISLAND, NY, 1986"
30 BB=0
4£S FOR B= 1 TO 9
50 CLSJ3 :PRINT@96 , STRING$ (64 , 223 )
60 B$=CHR$(165)+CHR$(172)+CHR$(1
74)+CHR$(172)+CHR$(17j3)
10 PRINT@27-BB,B$;
80 C$=CHR$(145)+CHR$(175)+CHR$(1
75)+CHR$(175)+CHR$(175)+CHR$(175
)+CHR$(175)
90 PRINT@57-BB,C$;
100 D$=CHR$(252)+CHR$(128)+CHR$(
128)+CHR$(252)
110 PRINT@91-BB,D$;
120 BB=BB+3:SOUND40,2
13p NEXTB
140 CLS0
150 A=RND(4)
160 FOR T= 1 TO A
170 PRINTS 1 30+M, B$ ;
180 PRINT@160+M,C$;
190 PRINT@194+M,D$;
200 M=M+7: SOUND 200,2
210 NEXT T
220 M=0
2 30 B=RND(4)
240 FOR T= 1 TO B
250 PRINT@258+M,B$
260 PRINT§288+M,C$
270 PRINT@322+M,D$
2 80 M=M+7: SOUND 200,2
290 NEXT T
300 PRINT@ 10, STRING$ (11,255) ;
310 PRINT§74,STRING$ (11,255) ;
320 PRINT@42,CHR$(255) ;:PRINT@52
,CHR$(255) ;
330 PRINT@47,"?";
340 EN$=INKEY$
350 IF EN$="1" THEN J=l
400 IF EN$="6" THEN J=6:J$=" SIX
3 60
ii
370
E"
380
IF EN$="2"
EN$="3"
EN$="4"
390 IF EN$="5"
IF
IF
J$=" ONE
THEN J=2:J$=" TWO
THEN J=3:J$="THRE
THEN J=4:J$="FOUR
THEN J=5:J$="FIVE
IF EN$="7" THEN J=7:J$="SEVE
IF EN$="8" THEN J=8:J$="EIGH
410
N"
420
rp ii
430 IF EN$<>"1" AND EN$<>"2" AND
EN$<>"3" AND EN$<>"4" AND EN$<>
"5" AND EN$<>"6" AND EN$<>"7" AN
D EN$<>"8" THEN 340
440 PRINT@47,EN$;
445 PRINT@461,J$;
450 C=VAL(EN$)
4 60 IF C=A+B THEN FOR T=l TO 3 : P
LAY"03 ; L30CEGGGFEDC" : NEXT T : GOTO
480
470 IF COA+B THEN 3 40
480 AN$=INKEY$
490 IF AN$=CHR$(13) THEN RUN ELS
E IF AN$="E" THEN 500 ELSE 480
500 CLS:END
/S\
BACK TO COMPUTING!
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January 1987 THE RAINBOW 77
WISHING WELL
Understanding Relationships
Between Fractions, Decimals
and Whole Numbers
By Fred B. Scerbo
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Editor's Note: If you have an idea for
the "Wishing Well," submit it to Fred
c/o THE RAINBOW. Remember, keep
your ideas specific, and don 't forget that
this is BASIC. All programs resulting
from your wishes are for your use. but
remain the property of the author.
Another new year is upon us. It
is a time for reflection and a
time for new resolutions. As I
look back on the past year, I feel that
a good deal of what 1 set out to do in
the "Wishing Well" successfully came to
pass. We have had games, educational
programs and a heavy dose of tutorial
approaches in the column as a whole.
What does the future hold?
Well, with a little luck I hope to be
able to introduce some CoCo 3 pro-
grams in the "Wishing Well" before the
next year is out. However, 1 will make
this one firm resolution: 1 will not forget
the overwhelming numbers of you who
have a CoCo I and 2. Knowing the vast
Fred Scerbo is a special needs instructor
for the North Adams Public Schools in
North Adams, Massachusetts. He holds
a master's in education and has pub-
lished some of the first software avail-
able for the Color Computer through
his software firm, Illustrated Memory
Banks.
numbers of RAINBOW readers who rely
on these pages for software, I feel it will
be a long time until the CoCo 3 users
are in the majority. Therefore, fear not.
1 am not about to discard our trusty
Color BASIC and Extended BASIC" just
because something new has come down
the line.
Now, let's get down to business for
this month.
Mail and Wishes
During the last year, the "Wishing
Well" has become much more difficult
to prepare. There are several reasons for
this. First, many readers have suggested
programs that are virtually impossible
to create in BASIC. I cannot write pro-
grams that jump in and out of OS-9 or
alter the configuration of the BREAK key
so it re-boots your disk system. These
things are just not possible without
getting into assembly language. Re-
member, the "Wishing Well" was de-
signed to take ideas you submit and
synthesize them into real programs in
BASIC. Sometimes, ideas from four or
five different sources will serve as the
stimulus for a different program. Re-
member, creating a brand new program
each month does take time and is not
the easiest task in the world.
Secondly, some of the most requested
ideas readers have submitted can no
longer be created in the "Wishing Well."
The most requested features are sequels
to Rockfest, Baseball Fever, Football
Fever and most of my other graphic
designs.
Unfortunately, our legal department
has informed me that we can no longer
reproduce logos and symbols that are
protected under copyright. We have not
had a major problem with this in the
past, but the legal department is paid to
warn magazines about areas where
trouble could develop. Therefore, don't
expect Rockfest III or Basketball Fever.
The lawyers say no.
A few readers have written expressing
outrage that I did not drop everything
to write their program to project pork
belly futures or to calculate schedules
for school crossing guards. Some ideas
are just too limited and I cannot devote
a whole column to a program that only
two or three rainbow readers can use.
My goal always has been to create
programs that the greatest number can
use. That's why I won't abandon CoCo
I and 2 either.
A lot of recent mail has commended
the Life Skills series and programs like
Color Change Quiz II. Sheila Jackson
from Moline, 111., wrote that her two
children use these programs extensively
and asked for more of the same. Ken-
neth Burdon of Plaistow, N.H., echoed
78
THE RAINBOW January 1987
the same ideas in expressing thanks for
programs like Math Driller II, which his
grandchild uses.
Elementary educator Jack Lamou-
reaux also expressed a need for a pro-
gram like these dealing with the issue of
relationships between numbers. All of
us have struggled with those less-than
and greater-than signs, < and >. There-
fore, the next Life Skills program,
offered this month, will deal with
number relationships and recognition.
Mrs. Jackson, Mr. Burdon and Mr.
Lamoureaux, this one's for you, as well
as all the other "Wishing Well" readers
who have a use for an educational
program dealing with a valuable math
skill.
The Program
Life Skills 5 is designed to fit into a
16K Color BASIC computer or a 20 K.
MC-10 without modifications. Like
most other Life Skills programs, this
one has a variable skill level, and three
different types of material are covered.
On running the program, the user will
be presented with three choices: frac-
tions, decimals or whole numbers.
The program is written in such a way
as to adjust the location of the numbers
displayed on the screen, especially in the
case of fractions.
If D is selected for decimals, the next
line reads:
Select Che number of
decimal places (2-6).
If F for fractions or W for whole
numbers is pressed, the choice is:
Select the number of
number places (1-5).
Pressing the corresponding number
gives the choice you desire. The next
prompt asks:
Do you want to have
hints given? (Y-N)
By hints. I mean explaining what the
greater-than (>) or less-than (<) signs
stand for. If N is chosen, the multiple
choice selections A through C will only
have the signs shown.
Next, the screen gives us our first
problem and says:
Look at the two values beloui.
The first number is . . .
the second number.
Below this are printed the two values,
whether they are whole numbers, dec-
imals or fractions. Next will be the three
choices:
H) Greater than . . . >
B) Less than . . . <
C) Equal to ... =
If no hints are given, only a row of
dots and the signs will appear next to
the letters. The user need only press the
letter desired. If the answer is wrong, the
screen displays:
Sorry, try again !!
If the answer is correct, the screen will
say:
VERY GOOD ! THAT IS CORRECT !
PRESS ENTER TD CONTINUE!
An arrow will also flash next to the
correct response. Pressing ENTER ad-
vances to the next problem while press-
ing @ gives us our score card, which has
now become a standard feature of all
these educational programs. When the
score card is on the screen, pressing Y
reruns the program, pressing N ends it,
*ft
95 ....
....83
165 ...
....91
240 .. .
....10
335 .. .
....84
425 .. .
...207
END ..
...145
The listing: MRTHQUIZ
10 REM**************************
15 REM* LIFE SKILLS MATH QUIZ *
20 REM* NUMBER RELATIONSHIPS
25 REM* RECOGNITION SKILLS
30 REM* BY FRED B.SCERBO
35 REM* 60 HARDING AVE
40 REM* NORTH ADAMS, MA 01247
45 REM* COPYRIGHT (C) 1986
50 REM**************************
55 CLS0
60 F0RI=1T032:PRINTCHR$(172) ;:NE
XT
65 F0RI=1T0192:READA:PRINTCHR$(A
+128) ;:NEXT
70 F0RI=1T032:PRINTCHR$(163) ;:NE
XT
75 DATA109,104,96,109,104,100,11
, 108 , 106 , 109 , 108 , 109 , , , 30 , 28 , 2 6
, 2 9 , , , 30 , 20 , 30 , 20 , 30 , 16 , 20 , 30 , , 2
1,28,29
A unique approach
to disc reliability
Memory Minder from J&M Systems is
one of Ihe most comprehensive disk
drive diagnostic programs available for
microcomputers. It quickly and easily
nins comprehensive testing of all vital
operating parameters to assure data
integrity.
Data Integrity
Means Data Confidence
Memory Minder is so easy to run you
will he inclined to test your disk drives on
a regular basis and correct problems be-
fore they ever endanger your data. This
program provides long term confidence
in your data integrity.
Memory' Minder is currently available
for the following:
Version 1.03
TRS-80 Model III/4
48 tpi Single Side
48 tpi Double Side
96 tpi and 48 tpi Double Side
TRS-80 Model!
48 tpi Single Side Single Density
TRS-80 Color Computer and
TDP-100
48 tpi Single Side
48 tpi Double Side
Technical Knowledge
Not Required
Simply slip in the Memory Minder disk
and select one or more of eight sophisti-
cated tests. Easy to understand graphics
on your screen display findings in a few
moments. Now you can discover poten-
tial misalignments and problems before
they endanger your valuable data.
Call or write for details and
more information
«//A
J&M SYSTEMS, LTD.
1 5 1 00-A CENTRAL SOUTHEAST
ALBUQUERQUE. NM 87123
505/292-4182
We accept MasterCard and Visa
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 79
and pressing C continues the program
already in progress.
I have not included the function of
Computer Paced Learning introduced a
few issues ago because it is not appro-
priate for this material. Still, you may
adjust the level of the difficulty at the
beginning of each run.
Like all my other educational pro-
grams, examining the listing will help
you get an idea of how variables can be
used to create multi-subject programs.
Without the use of variables, it might be
necessary to write three different pro-
grams to cover fractions, decimals and
whole numbers. Study the listing and it
might give you some ideas for your own
programming skills.
Conclusion
I hope all of you will find this pro-
gram to be a valuable addition to your
educational program library. If my mail
has been any indication, many young
CoCo users have been cutting their
teeth on the software available only in
these pages. Therefore, give me a hand
in coming months by suggesting some
other ideas for material and subjects to
be covered in this type of program.
Since our options are now so limited, as
I mentioned earlier in the article, your
input would be helpful.
Also, don't be hesitant to suggest an
idea for a game. I have some ideas
percolating and someone out there
might just provide enough stimulus to
get the idea going! See you next
month! □
80 DATA101, , ,101, , ,106, 96, 104, 10
S (1-5)";
1, ,100, , ,26, ,24,21,16,22,16, ,26,
195 X$=INKEY$:IFX$=""THEN195
, 26, , 16, 26, , 21, ,20
200 X=VAL(X$) :IFX<=0THEN195
85 DATA101, , ,101, , ,107,106,96,10
205 IFX>5THEN195
1,99,98, , ,27,19,18,21,22,16, , ,26
2 10 A=10 A X : N$=" # " : FORI=lTOX : N$=N
, ,26, ,16,26, ,21,19,19
$+"#": NEXT
90 DATA101,,,101,,,106,104,,101,
215 D$=" ":F0RI=1T06-X:D$=D$+"
,,,,, ,26, 21,20,18, ,,26, ,26, ,16, 2
":NEXT:FORI=lTOX:D$=D$+"-":NEXT:
6 , , , , 21
GOTO2 30
95 DATA101, ,106,101, , ,106, , ,101,
220 VL=32
,97, ,16,26, ,26,21, ,20, 18, ,26, ,26
225 N$="###" :GOTO230
,21,16,26,21,21, ,21
2 30 L$=CHR$ (91): R$=CHR$ (93)
100 DATA103,99,106,103,98,97,107
235 AR$="=>"
,,,103, 99, 103,,, 27, 19, 26, 23, 18,,
240 PRINT@421," DO YOU WANT TO H
27,17,27,17,27,2 3,17,27,23,21,19
AVE ";:PRINT@453," HINTS GIVEN
,23
? (Y-N) ";
105 PRINT@293," NUMBER RELATIONS
245 X$=INKEY$:IFX$=""THEN245
HIPS ";
250 IFX$="Y"THEN265
110 PRINT@325," RECOGNITION SKI
255 IFX$="N"THEN285
LLS " ;
260 GOT0245
115 PRINT@357," BY FRED B.SCER
2 65 E$(1)="GREATER THAN.."
BO " ;
270 E$(2)="LESS THAN "
120 PRINT@389," COPYRIGHT (C) 1
275 E$(3)="EQUAL TO "
986 ";
280 GOTO290
125 PRINT@421," (F) RACTION, (D) EC
285 F0RI=1T03:F0RY=1T014:E$(I)=E
IMAL " ;:PRINT@453," OR (W)HOLE
$(I)+".":NEXTY,I
NUMBERS " ;
2 90 IF FR=1 THEN FG=X-5
130 X$=INKEY$:IFX$=""THEN130
295 B=RND(A) :C=RND(A) :K=RND(10) :
135 IFX$="F"THEN FR=1:GOTO190
IFK=10THENC=B
140 IFX$="D"THEN FR=0 : VL=3 2 : A=0 :
300 IF FR=0THEN315
GOT0155
305 B(2)=B:C(2)=C:B(1)=RND(A/10)
145 IFX$="W"THEN FR=0 : VL=32 : GOTO
:C(1)=RND(A/10) : IFK=10THENC(1) =B
190
(1)
150 GOTO130
310 GOTO3 30
155 PRINT@421," SELECT THE NUMBE
315 B(1)=B:C(1)=C:IF FR01THEN33
R OF "; :PRINT@453," DECIMAL PLAC
ES (2-6)";
320 K=RND(2) :IFK=1THEN330
160 X$=INKEY$:IFX$=""THEN160
325 C(1)=C(1)*2:C(2)=C(2)*2
165 X=VAL(X$) :IFX<=1THEN160
3 30 CLS:PRINT@34,"LOOK AT THE TW
170 IFX>6THEN160
VALUES BELOW. THE FIRST NUMB
175 N$=" . " :FORI=lTOX:N$=N$+"#" :N
ER IS THE SECOND NUM
EXT
BER."
180 GOTO2 30
335 PRINT@168+VL-FG,"";:PRINTUSI
185 GOT0185
NGN$;B(1) ;: PRINTS 17 8+VL-FG,"";:P
190 PRINT@421," SELECT THE NUMBE
RINTUSINGN$;C(1)
R OF ";:PRINT§453," NUMBER PLACE
340 IF FR01THEN355
80
THE RAINBOW January 19B7
345 PRINT§198 , D$ ; : PRINT@2^)8 , D$ ; :
PRINT@23 2-FG,"";:PRINTUSINGN$;B(
2) ;:PRINT@2 42-FG,"" ; :PRINTUSINGN
$ ' C ( 2 ) "
35# B=B(1)/B(2) :C=C(1)/C(2)
355 PRINTS 2 9 4, "A) "E$ ( 1) L$">"R$
PRINT@326,"B) "E$ (2 ) L$"<"R$
PRINT@358, "C) "E$ (3)L$"="R$
X$=INKEY$ : IFX$=" "THEN3 7p
IFX$="§"THEN465
IFX$<"A"THEN37j3
IFX$>"C"THEN370
IF B>C AND X$="A"THEN4ip
IF B<C AND X$= l, B"THEN41j3
IF B=C AND X$="C"THEN41J3
NW=NW+l:PRINT@4 2 2' l SORRY, TR
360
365
370
375
380
385
390
395
400
405
Y AGAIN ! ! "• ; : FORI=1TO1000 : NEXTI :
PRINT@422 , STRING$ (22,32) ; : GOT037
NR=NR+1
IF B>C THEN SL=291:GOTO430
IF B<C THENSL=323:GOTO430
IF B=C THEN SL=355:GOTO430
NC=NC+1:PRINT@418,"VERY GOOD
THAT IS CORRECT!"; :PRINT§483,
"PRESS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE!";
43 5 X$=INKEY$
440 PRINT@SL,AR$;
445 FORI=1TO10:NEXT:PRINT@SL,"
410
415
420
425
430
i
";:FORI=1TO10:NEXT
450 IFX$="@"THEN4 65
455 IFX$OCHR$(13)THEN435
4 60 GOTO2 90
4 65 CLS: PRINTS 101, "YOU TRIED"NC+
NW" PROBLEMS & " : PRINTS 1 6 5 , "ANSWER
ED"NC" CORRECTLY"
470 PRINT§229, "WHILE DOING"NW"WR
ONG . »
475 NQ=NC+NW:IF NQ=0THEN NQ=1
480 MS=INT(NC/NQ*100)
485 PRINT@2 93,"YOUR SCORE IS"MS"
%."
490 PRINTS 3 5 7, "ANOTHER TRY (Y/N/
C) ?»;
495 X$=INKEY$:IFX$="Y"THEN RUN
500 IFX$="N"THENCLS:END
505 IFX$="C"THEN290
510 GOT0495
SUPER
PROGRAMMING
AID
RAINBOW
"Best value of the year", see the
review in the July Rainbow.
The Super Programming Aid is the best in-
tegrated software utility available for your
COCO. Add what Tandy left out, COPY and
MOVE statements, FIND, PRINT FORMAT-
TER, KEY CLICKER, PROGRAMMABLE
KEYBOARD, MULTIPLE EDIT SESSIONS,
MERGE PROGRAMS, TYP-O-MATIC keys and
much more, saves hours of time for BASIC
programmers. Version II and III add many
more features, PRINT SPOOLER. FULL
SCREEN EDIT COMAND, SCREEN PRIN-
TING and more.
VERSION I —$19.95 — for 16K&32K COCO
VERSION II — $24.95 — for 64K COCO
VERSION III — $29.95 — for COCO 3
Call or Write
for Info
Satisfaction
Guaranteed!
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P.O. Box 21056
Indianapolis, IN 46221
(317)262-8865
TRY-O-TAX
FEDERAL SCHEDULES A - W
FORMS 1040, 2106, 2441
$39.99
+ 3.00 SH
TRY-O-BYTE
1008 ALTON CIRCLE
FLORENCE, S.C. 29501
(803) 662-9500
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 81
GRAPHICS
Bring your graphics to life with this
two-face tutorial
The Case of the Shifty-Eyed
Animation Tutor
I have worked with graphics for years
and it's become my favorite part of
computing. Once 1 got the drawing,
painting and circling down pat. 1
wanted a way to stay interested enough
in graphics to continue writing pro-
grams. The next obvious step was
animation — making my pictures move.
1 did a little research and worked with
the various commands until 1 got a
fairly good grasp of the workings of
simple animation. Once you know why
and how things work for a simple
program like this, you can adapt the
procedure to more complicated draw-
ings. The time spent understanding this
technique is worth the effort when you
see your creations move.
By Bill Bernico
7VvocreatesFflCE2.BIN. Now that you
have the two picture files on disk you
can run Facetest.
Faceiest is the program that brings all
these processes together. First il
PCLEflRs eight graphics pages. Then it
loads FACE l.BIN with an offset of
6144. This will store the picture starting
on Graphics Page 5. Next, it loads FACE
2. BIN and stores it in memory. With the
aid of the SCREEN command, the pic-
tures are displayed one after another in
rapid succession to create the illusion of
animation.
The time delay in Line 1 60 determines
how fast the eyes will shift. They will
continue to shift until you press any key,
which stops the process.
82
Drawing, erasing, and redrawing is
slow and awkward. GET and PUT are fine
for moving across the screen. But sup-
pose you have a portion of your picture
that only needs to move in place or alter
itself. That's what this technique will
teach. It's done with the PCDPY com-
mand.
The sample programs. Face One and
Face Two, each draw a face. The only
difference in the two drawings is the
direction that this fellow is looking.
Face One has the guy looking right and
Face Two has him looking left. As you
run Face One, it creates a binary disk
picture file called FACE l.BIN. Face
THE RAINBOW January 1987
To save you a little typing time. Face
One and Face Two are the same except
for lines 1 10-140. You can type in Face
One, save it and edit lines 110-140 to
those lines from Face Two.
(Questions about this program may
be directed to the author at 70S Mich-
igan Ave., Sheboygan. WI 53081: 414-
457-4861. Please enclose an SASEwhen
writing.) □
Bill Bernico is a self-taught computerist
who enjoys golf, music and program-
ming. He is a drummer with a rock band
and lives in Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Listing I: FACE ONE
IjS
20
30
40
50
•FACE ONE
•FROM KROMICO SOFTWARE
'BY BILL BERNICO
PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS1 : SCREEN1 , 1 : COLO
R0,1
60 CIRCLE ( 12 8, 96) ,5)3: CIRCLE (110,
80) ,12,0, .5: CIRCLE (146, 80) ,12,0,
.5:CIRCLE(128,96) ,10,0,2
70 LINE(100,69)-(120,75) ,PSET,BF
:LINE(136,69)-(156,75) ,PSET,BF
80 CIRCLE (128, 106) ,30,0,1,0, .5
90 DRAW"BM120,50U7BR4D6BR4U8BR4D
9BR5U6
100 CIRCLE(174,96) ,15,0,1, .75, .2
5: CIRCLE (8 2, 96) , 15 ,0, 1, . 25 , . 75
110 CIRCLE (116, 80) ,7,0,1, .33, .8
120 CIRCLE (152, 80) ,7,0,1, .33, .8
130 POKE 178, 1: PAINT (112, 80) , ,0:
PAINT(148,80) , ,0
140 SAVEM"FACE 1" , 3584 , 9727 , 3584
Listing 2: FACE TWO
'FACE TWO
'FROM KROMICO SOFTWARE
'BY BILL BERNICO
10
20
30
40
50 PMODE4,l:PCLSl:SCREENl,l:COLO
R0,1
60 CIRCLE (12 8, 96) , 50 : CIRCLE ( 110 ,
80) ,12,0, .5:CIRCLE(14 6,80) ,12,0,
.5:CIRCLE(128,96) ,10,0,2
70 LINE(100,69)-(120,75) ,PSET,BF
: LINE (136, 69) -(156, 75) ,PSET,BF
80 CIRCLE(128, 106) ,30,0,1,0, .5
90 DRAW"BM120,50U7BR4D6BR4U8BR4D
9BR5U6
100 CIRCLE(174,96) ,15,0,1, .75, .2
5: CIRCLE (82, 9 6) , 15 ,0, 1, . 25 , . 75
110 CIRCLE (104, 80) ,7,0,1, .8, .18
Hint . . .
Command Performance
Here is a tip lor those with the new Color Computer
3. Tandy did a wonderful thing in eliminating some
commands for Hi-Res graphics. When you issue the
HSCREEN command, the screen is automatically
cleared for you. Sounds great! But, what if you want
to enter the Hi-Res screen without clearing it? Try
entering PQKE&HE6C6,33. This will cause the system
to bypass the automatic HCL5. The original value for
memorv location SE6CG is 141.
120
CIRCLE (140
80)
,7,0,
1, .8,
.18
130
POKE 17 8,1
•PAINT (10
8,80)
,,0:
PAINT (13 7, 80) ,
,0
140
SAVEM"FACE
2",
3584,
9727 ,
3584
Listing 3: FflCETEST
'FACE TEST
'FROM KROMICO SOFTWARE
'BY BILL BERNICO
10
20
30
40 '
50 PCLEAR8
60 CLS:PRINT"LOADING PICTURE FIL
ES. . .
70 PCLS1:COLOR0,1
80 LOADM"FACE 1",6144
90 LOADM"FACE 2
100 PMODE4,5:SCREEN1,1:GOSUB160
110 PCOPY 8 TO 4
120 PLAY"O4T60F
130 PMODE4,1:SCREEN1,1:GOSUB160
140 IF INKEY$O""THEN170
150 GOTO 100
160 FORX=1TO300: NEXT: RETURN
170 CLS:PRINT"TEST COMPLETE ... SU
CCESS
180 END
/^\
THE SOFTWARE HOUSE
A DIVISION OF DATAMflTCH. INC.
PROGRAMMERS
O I SKS
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OFFER EXPIRES FEB. 28, 1986
January 1987 THE RAINBOW
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CO
BASIC TRAINING
The Formatting Review:
MID$ Struts Its Stuff
By Joseph Rolar
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Knowing you arc eager to con-
tinue your studies, MIDS takes
center stage today. Three list-
ings plus a modification were prepared
to reinforce your understanding of
putting text onto the screen one letter
at a time without any hands-on interfer-
ence. As you will see, the programs are
very short, considering what they do.
The actual text in the three programs
is not to be taken seriously. If memory
serves me right, 1 think that only one of
the programs is factual. The others are
overworked figments of a sick imagina-
tion. They are meant to be reading
material for this tutorial.
Key in Listing I and run it. Im-
pressed? List through Line 10.
We will use arrays to place each
succeeding string of text onto the
screen. Arrays should be dimensioned
in a line near the beginning of a pro-
gram. Line 6 is a good place to put DIM
fl$(5). However, faithful CoCo allows
for 10 items in an array without protest.
That being the case, the line was omitted
as superfluous.
Florida-based Joseph Kolar is a veter-
an writer and programmer and special-
izes in introducing beginners to the
powers of Co Co.
Insert Line G DIM A$(4), run it and
get the BS Error. If you have more items
to stuff into an array (in this case,
flS(5)) and you do not reserve enough
array containers to store all of them,
CoCo shoots back immediately with a
BS Error message. Change the (4) to
(5) in Line 6. Leave it in the program;
it doesn't do any harm.
Whenever you work with strings of
text, enter CLEAR 500 to reserve space
in memory. Chances are you will need
it, as you will soon see.
Look at Line 10. Almost all of the
allowed characters that could be con-
tained in A$(l) were stuffed in. In fact,
if you get into the edit mode and take
off the final quote mark and space over,
the best you can do is add three more
blank spaces before CoCo balks and
hangs up.
If you care to find out LEN(A$(1))
or the total number of characters/
spaces in the program, without using
any program line number, key in:
PRINT LEN(R$(1))
and press enter, or type:
PRINT LEN(A(1) )+LEN(A$(2))
+LEN(A$(3) )+LEN(A$(4) )+LEN
(flS(5))
and press ENTER.
I enjoy using these calculator func-
tions to extract information from a
program in progress, because the pro-
gram lines remain undisturbed.
Line 10 contains one complete sen-
tence and part of a second sentence —
as much text as was reasonably possible
to cram into the container. Add the
temporary lines:
II PRINT A$(l);
12 G0TD12
and run. We did not bother to locate the
text on any particular row. We just want
to view it and check out the formatting,
spelling and punctuation for a neat
layout.
List Line 20. In this array unit,
A$(2), we completed the unfinished
sentence and followed up with a com-
plete sentence that ends the paragraph.
Since we wanted a space after hue 1 go,
we began our string with a space.
Delete Line 12. Add:
21 PRINTAS(2);
22 GOTO 22
and run. One substantial paragraph
results!
Be aware of the importance of the
semicolon. We will use the semicolon
solely to put on all the text, one char-
acter/space at a time, without the use
86
THE RA/NBOW January 1987
FOLLOWING PROGRAMS ARE SAME
PRICE AS U.S. IN CANADIAN FUNDS
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ORDERED BY
JANUARY 31 st, 1987
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88 THE RAINBOW January 1987
of any locating point values or varia-
bles. If you want to give this technique
a name, the Follow gambit is as good
as any.
List Line 30. For demo purposes, we
shall create an even larger paragraph. It
is a new sentence, so two spaces are
placed in front of the start of text. It
contains two sentences. Delete Line 22
and add:
31 PRINTA$(3);
32 GDTD32
Run this. It scrolls up and we lose the
beginning. Good! We gave up on the
long paragraph and started a new one
with the second sentence. Note that the
last line in array unit fl$(3), has 21
blank spaces after it. Directly from the
display, count the number of blank
spaces from the closing quote to the end
of the row.
List Line 40 and delete Line 32. Add:
41 PRINTA$(4);
42 G0T042
Run your work.
In order to begin a new paragraph
and stay within the semicolon. Follow
gambit at the beginning of A$(4), we
must account for all that blank area at
the end of AS ( 3 ) . There is room for 22
characters/spaces to fill up the re-
mainder of the row. A two-space indent
is required for the new paragraph. Thus,
22+2 blank spaces must be the first
element in fl$(4) so that the first letter
falls exactly where it is intended.
Delete Line 42 and add these lines:
51 PRINTA$(5);
52 GOTO 52
Now run. You can see that the blank
area at the end of AS ( 4 ) plus two extra
indenting spaces set the AS(5) text in
the correct location. We are satisfied
with our layout. Look, Ma, no loca-
tions!
Delete lines 11,21,31,41.51 and 52.
Run the result. The program should run
slow enough for you to read along. Note
that somewhat longer pauses after flat
and factor are created. CoCo has to
cycle (actually put on all those blank
spaces) but this doesn't detract from the
readability.
List lines 200 to 250. We have three
nested loops. The inner one at Line 240
determines the length of the pause
between the placement of each succeed-
ing character/ space. The middle loop.
Line 220, is where B is the number of
each character/space of the text as it is
fingered in a particular array unit. It is
to be printed, using MIDS, where one
letter in the Bth location in array unit
A$(A), is printed, after the previous
letter, thanks to the semicolon. No
doubt you could combine lines 210 and
220, but it makes more sense to the
beginner to show it as two lines. The
outer loop, at Line 200, chooses the
array containers, AS (A), to be worked
on by CoCo in succession.
How would you tell CoCo to begin
on the third row? Work it out!
Did you know that CoCo is an ac-
complished linguist? It can speak pure
Jargonese. Save Listing I and type NEW.
Key in Listing 2. If you are sure you
have lines 200 to 240 exactly as listed,
run. Do you want a translation? Then
run again.
List lines 200 to 240. This is the nice
tight routine with an assist from Line 5
that allows you to use a single array to
write a neat program.
Let's fool around and listen to CoCo
beat its gums. Insert 211 FDR B=l TO
LEN(A$(A)) STEP 3: PLAY"T240D
5L32CP32L1GEP1GL32GPBLB8".
Turn up the volume and run. It is
using a different dialect this time. Run
for the translation.
By the way, if you want to begin
displaying the text on some row other
than the top one, insert at the beginning
of Line 200 as many PRINT :s as the
number of lines you want to drop down.
At this point, the DEL211: in Line
240 becomes harmless. Save Listing 2
and type NEW. Key in Listing 3 and run.
This version is displayed with the MIDS
routine in lines 200 to 230. List lines 200
to 240 and you will see nothing you
haven't tackled before. It is a very
satisfactory version.
Nevertheless, blank rows divide each
set of statements. Working them into a
program where every bit of text is put
on in succession, using an array item,
makes CoCo demand that the empty
rows be created inside array units.
List lines 10 to 40. STRINGS would
solve this problem. It would be neces-
sary to fill the balance of Line 10,
AS ( 1 ) , on the last row, with blanks. It's
easy to count the number of remaining
spaces (14). A complete blank row
consists of 32 spaces. The blank spaces
could be simulated by using CHRS
(143), which produces an invisible
green square.
Line 20 told CoCo that in array unit
AS (2), a string of 46 green squares,
using graphics block 143, were re-
quired. The Follow gambit would tack
them at the end of AS ( 1 ) . They would
also act as a pause routine to allow more
time to read the text blocks.
To see this from another perspective,
in Line 20. change 143 to 128 and run.
Replace 143 in Line 20. Save Listing
3. List lines 10 to 40, 50 to 60. 70 to 80
and 90 to 100. Note that no empty row
was placed after Line 90, much less a
new paragraph.
This was done on purpose to demon-
strate the need for the DIM statement to
dimension an array. Change Line 100,
fls(l0) to h$(11). Then, create the
spacing between blocks of text.
Add 95 fiS(10)=STRING$(2B+32,
143). Reformat Line 100 in order to
make it into a new paragraph as orig-
inally conceived but not executed.
Employing the Invisible Vertical Line
ploy, the second through fifth rows
should have the following words begin-
ning at the left margin: language,
they, Saxon and large. Make appro-
priate adjustments at the end of each
row and remember to indent two spaces
for the paragraph. (Refer to the mod-
ified listing if you are encountering
difficulty.) Now run.
CoCo rebels and gives out a BS Error
in Line 100. Sure! No provision was
made for storing AS [ 11 ) . Try adding 5
DIM AS (11) and run. Still no good.
Press BREAK. CoCo breaks at Line 240.
List lines 200 to 240. CoCo did what was
expected of it. It ran A$(l) through
AS (10) and relaxed. We failed to allow
for flS(ll), where A=ll. Modify by
editing Line 200 to change 10 to 11.
Now run.
Save Modified and type NEW. Load
Listing 3 and remove the REM from Line
199 and run. This version uses LEFTS to
put on the blocks of text with adequate
pauses for reading time. There is a
discontinuity where the last paragraph,
flS(10), is smacked onto the end of
A$(9). We are going to straighten out
this mess and add The End! in an
appropriate spot.
List lines 300 to 360. Here is a good
example of good-natured CoCo saving
me from myself. Look carefully. There
are two separate T variables due to my
carelessness. The T in Line 300 belongs
to the outer, inclusive loop. The T in
Line 320 gives CoCo the current value
to be used in Line 340 to print the letter
at that T location in the string AS ( A ) .
Change T in lines 300 and 350 to B and
run. Since the program works, CoCo
proves that T was really two separate
variables with separate functions. They
did not impinge upon each other's
territory, so CoCo saw no problem. Use
TRON to study this.
Type NEW and load Modified. Re-
move the masking REM from Line 199
and run. Oh no! What did we forget?
List lines 300 on. Right! Change Line
310. from 10 to 11 and run.
We are going to add a proper ending.
List Line 100. Two blank spaces remain
at the end of the last row of text. If we
skip down three rows, we calculate 32
multiplied by 3 equals 96 spaces. We
shall print The End!, centered, of
course, so that we guesstimate about
nine spaces in front of the legend. We
shall create 110 A$( 12 )=STRINGS
(10?,143)+"The End".
Line 6 needs to reserve another item
in the array. Thus, rekey: S DIM fl$ ( 12 ) .
Learning from experience, we increase
A in Line 310 by one to 12. While we
are at it, we might as well as do the same
in Line 200, (the other version that we
will check out later). Now run this.
We got an OS Error after a while.
CoCo is having problems, due to our
desire to add an ending. It is crying for
more reserved memory to store all those
extra blanks. Raise the value in Line 5
to G00 and run. That works! But we
better change 107 to 110 in Line 1 10
and, at the end of it, add +5TRINGS
(30,143). Now run to see what we
created.
We created another OS Error. We
need to reserve still more memory. In
Line 5, change S00 to 700 and run.
That's fine! For the acid test, replace the
masking REM marker in Line 199 and
run. That's it! Wrap it up by saving it.
You've learned a lot with hands-on
investigation. You had fun exercising
your inquiring mind and created two
impressive variations of a theme. We
didn't use any specific value to locate
anything, but used a vague, indistinct
system. CoCo used the semicolon to
present the text from start to finish.
There is a third variation you may
want to try. Using Modified with Line
199 unmasked, add STEP2 to Line 310
and at the end of Line 330 add :CLS.
1 am sure, with your creative juices
flowing, you will find a way to add The
End to the program. I bet you will also
come up with a way to center each
panel. No hints except to say that you
learned one technique (in bits and
pieces) in this tutorial, although you
may not have realized it.
What better way to leave you -
having fun while being engrossed in
working out a problem and adding to
your programming skills? O
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January 1987 THE RAINBOW 89
Listing 1: MflJUNGfl
'<LISTING1> MAJUNGA
5 CLEAR 500:CLS
10 A$(l)=" THIS PROGRAM IS AN E
XPERIMENT TO FIND OUT WHAT THE E
FFECTS AREON THE SONORA SUNFLOWE
RS WHEN DRENCHED IN A THICK BA
TH OF GAMMA RAYS. YOU MAY N
OT BE TOO IMPRESSED BUT HAVE YOU
NOTICED THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
THE SON- ORA AND HUELGO"
20 A$(2)=" TYPES OF MAJUN- GA?
SONORA GROWS ONLY IN THE LAZA
FUNDIAN SWAMP AND THE HEULGOTYPE
IS FOUND EXCLUSIVELY ON THENEAR
SLOPES OF THE SIERRA MADRE MOUN
TAINS . "
30 A$(3)=" THE MAJUNGA HAS FIVE
EPI CENTRAL UNGLAVES WHILE THE
ANTI-MAJUNGAS HAVE SIX OR SEVEN.
WHEN THE GAMMA RAY HITS THE
ANTI-MAJUNGA IT CURLS THE PHENO-
ORAL UP AND IT WITHERS IN NO
TIME FLAT."
40 A$(4)="
IT IS A SORRY STATE OF AFFAIRS
ESPECIALLY, SINCE THE SONORA IS
SO LUSH. THUS FAR, NO INDUST-
RIAL USES HAVE BEEN FOUND, BUT,
IT IS CONTEMPLATED, WITH THE AD-
VENT OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY, MA-
JUNGA WILL BE A FACTOR."
50 A$(5)=" MAJUNGAS, L
IKE JOJOBA NUTS ARETANGY AND WHE
N UNRIPE, A LITTLE ASTRINGENT. I
F THAT COULD BE CULLED OUT, T
HE MAJUNGA WOULD BEA BOON TO MAN
KIND AND REVOLU- TIONIZE THE G
RANOLA BAR AS WE KNOW IT TODAY
I ii
■
200 FOR A=l TO 5
210 L=LEN(A$(A) )
220 FOR B=l TO L
230 PRINTMID$(A$(A) ,B,1) ;
240 FOR T=1T0 20:NEXTT,B,A
250 GOTO 250
Listing 2: ROMAN
'<LISTING2> ROMAN
5 CLEAR500:CLS
10 A$(l)=" THE CHURUSCI WERE A
BRANCH OF THE TUETONII, A GERMAN
IC TRIBE DWELLING NORTH OF THE
HYRCANIAN FOREST, ALONG THE BANK
S OF THE ELBE RIVER."
20 A$(2)="
THEY WERE FORCED NORTH BY THE M
ARCOMMANI. THIS MADE THEM IN- T
RUDE INTO THE TERRITORY OF THE S
WABII, A FIERCE GERMAN TRIBE T
HAT WAS IN FLUX AT THE TIME."
30 A$(3)=" THE ROMAN TWENTIE
TH LEGION, UNDER MARCUS AVARIC
US, WAS IN THEIR WINTER CAMP A
T INCENDUNUM."
40 A$(4)=" THE SWABII, UNDER BA
DUCI, DE- CIDED TO ATTACK THE CA
MP OF THE ROMAN LEGION. IT WAS
EITHER THAT OR TURN ON THEIR
GERMANIC TORMENTORS, THE CHURUS
CI. THEY OPTED TO ATTACK AT NIG
HT."
50 A$(5)=" THIS WAS A BI
G MISTAKE SINCE THE SWABIAN CLA
NS WERE LED BY FIERCE BUT UNDI
SCIPLINED WAR- RIORS . THEY MA
DE A BIG NOISE BYSTRIKING THEIR
SPEARS AGAINST THEIR LEATHER S
HIELDS. THIS ONLY ALERTED TH
E LEGIONARIES ANDINFURIATED"
60 A$(6)=" THEM. AFTER A BRIEF
STRUGGLE, THE SWABII WERE ROUTED
AND THEIR LEADER BADUCI WAS CAP-
TURED AND BOUND AND SENT TO
ROME. HERMAN, BROTHER OF BADU-
CI, OFFERED TO TAKE BADUCI ' S
PLACE, BUT MARCUS AVARICUS, IM-
PRESSED WITH THIS FILIAL"
70 A$(7)=" DEVO- TION OFFERED T
MAKE HERMAN LEADER OF THE
GERMAN AUXILLI- ARIES. HERMAN
ACCEPTED AND YEARS LATER BE
CAME THE ROMAN EMPEROR, VALEN
S. THUS, WAS THE FATE OF ROMAN
DETERMINED."
200 FOR A=l TO 7
210 FOR B=l TO LEN(A$(A))
220 PRINTMID$(A$(A) ,B,1) ;
2 30 FOR T=1T0 20:NEXTT,B,A
240 DEL211:GOTO240
Listing 3: RNGLO
'<LISTING3> <ANGLO>
5 CLS:CLEAR500
10 A$(l)=" THE ANGLO-SAXONS WER
E TWO CLOSELY RELATED GERMAN
IC TRIBES LOCATED IN NORTHERN GE
RMANY FAC-ING THE NORTH SEA."
20 A$(2)=STRING$(14+32,143)
30 A$(3)=" THE JUTES WERE ANOTH
ER GERMAN-IC TRIBE THAT WAS SITU
ATED IN DENMARK, IN WHAT IS NO
W CALLED JUTLAND."
90
THE RAINBOW January 1987
4J3 A$(4)=STRING$(24+32,143)
50 A$(5)=" AT ABOUT THE SAME TI
ME, IN THELATE FIFTH CENTURY A.D
. , DUE TO PRESSURE FROM OTHER GE
RMANIC TRIBES, THESE SEA-GOIN
G TRIBES CROSSED OVER INTO SOUT
HERN ENG- LAND."
60 A$(6)=STRING$( (27+32) ,143)
70 A $(7)=" THEY QUICKLY OVERPO
WERED THE REMNANTS OF ROMAN SET
TLERS AND THE INDIGENOUS CELTIC
PEOPLES. IN A FEW HUNDRED YEAR
S, THE MIX OF GERMANIC TRIBES, R
OMAN COLON-ISTS AND CELTIC INHAB
ITANTS DEVELOPED INTO THE EN
GLISH RACE."
80 A$(8)=STRING$(32,143)
90 A$(9)=" LATER SEA-GOING DANE
S CROSSED THE NORTH SEA AND SETT
LED IN COASTAL NORTHERN ENGLA
ND. STILLLATER, THE NORMANS, FR
ENCH- SPEAKING DESCENDANTS O
F VIKINGS , TOPPLED THE SAXON NATI
ON IN 1066A.D."
1J30 A$(10)=" THESE INVADERS BROU
GHT THEIR LANGUAGE AND CUSTO
MS WITH THEM. THEY WERE SUPERIMP
OSED ON THE SAXON INHABITANTS BU
T, BY AND LARGE, THE RACE WAS
UN- CHANGED."
199 'GOTO 299
200 FOR A=l TO 10
21/3 FOR B=l TO LEN(A$(A))
220 PRINTMID$(A$(A) ,B,1) ;
230 FOR T=1T0 20:NEXTT,B,A
240 GOTO 240
299 '***
300 FOR T= TO LEN(A$(A))
310 FOR A= 1 TO 10
320 T=LEN(A$(A))
330 FOR Z= 1 TO 3000: NEXT
3 40 PRINTLEFT$ (A$ (A) , T) ',
3 50 NEXTA,T
3 60 GOTO3 60
Listing 4: MODIFIED
'<MODIFIED>
5 CLS:CLEAR500
6 DIM A$(ll)
10 A$(l)=" THE ANGLO-SAXONS WER
E TWO CLOSELY RELATED GERMAN
IC TRIBES LOCATED IN NORTHERN GE
RMANY FAC-ING THE NORTH SEA."
20 A$(2)=STRING$(14+32,143)
30 A$(3)=" THE JUTES WERE ANOTH
ER GERMAN-IC TRIBE THAT WAS SITU
ATED IN DENMARK, IN WHAT IS NO
W CALLED JUTLAND."
40 A$(4)=STRING$(24+32,143)
50 A$(5)=" AT ABOUT THE SAME TI
ME, IN THELATE FIFTH CENTURY A.D
. , DUE TO PRESSURE FROM OTHER GE
RMANIC TRIBES, THESE SEA-GOIN
G TRIBES CROSSED OVER INTO SOUT
HERN ENG- LAND."
60 A$(6)=STRING$( (27+32) ,143)
70 A $(7)=" THEY QUICKLY OVERPO
WERED THE REMNANTS OF ROMAN SET
TLERS AND THE INDIGENOUS CELTIC
PEOPLES. IN A FEW HUNDRED YEAR
S, THE MIX OF GERMANIC TRIBES, R
OMAN COLON-ISTS AND CELTIC INHAB
ITANTS DEVELOPED INTO THE EN
GLISH RACE."
80 A$(8)=STRING$(32,143)
90 A$(9)=" LATER SEA-GOING DANE
S CROSSED THE NORTH SEA AND SETT
LED IN COASTAL NORTHERN ENGLA
ND. STILLLATER, THE NORMANS, FR
ENCH- SPEAKING DESCENDANTS
F VIKINGS, TOPPLED THE SAXON NATI
ON IN 1066A.D."
95 A$(10)=STRING$(28+32,143)
100 A$(ll)=" THESE INVADERS BRO
UGHT THEIR LANGUAGE AND CUSTOMS
WITH THEM. THEY WERE SUPERIMPOS
ED ON THE SAXON INHABITANTS BU
T, BY AND LARGE, THE RACE WAS
UNCHANGED."
199 'GOTO 299
200 FOR A=l TO 11
210 FOR B=l TO LEN(A$(A))
220 PRINTMID$(A$(A) ,B,1) ;
2 30 FOR T=1T0 20:NEXTT,B,A
2 40 GOTO 240
299 '***
300 FOR T= TO LEN(A$(A))
310 FOR A= 1 TO 10
320 T=LEN(A$(A))
3 30 FOR Z= 1 TO 3000: NEXT
340 PRINTLEFT$ (A$ (A) ,T) ;
3 50 NEXTA,T
3 60 GOTO3 60
$
fZ\
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 91
COCO CONSULTATIONS
Viewing PMODE 4 Pictures
on Your CoCo 3
By Marty Goodman
Rainbow Contributing Editor
• When I view PMODE 4 pictures on my
Co Co 3 using my (Tandy) CM-8 mon-
itor, there are no colors. Why is this?
Noel Fallon
(FALLON)
Lawton, OK
The colors you are accustomed lo
seeing in PMODE 4 pictures using a color
TV or composite color monitor are
what we call "artifact colors." They are
an "artifact" of some idiosyncrasies of
the composite video signal protocol.
When you switch over to using the RGB
signal protocol, those colors are lost.
What is gained by the RGB protocol is
the potential to display more colors,
more precisely, in higher resolution. But
we will have to wait for the arrival of
quality Hi-Res graphics editor pro-
grams to make use of that capability on
the CoCo 3. Please see my answer to the
next question for more hints on viewing
old PMODE 4 CoCo pictures on your
CoCo 3.
• What monitor do you recommend for
the CoCo 3?
Rick Adams
(RICKA HA MS)
Rohnert Park, CA
While the CM-8 is made for the CoCo
3, I recommend that folks buying a
Martin H. Goodman. M.D., a physi-
cian trained in anesthesiology, is a
longtime electronics tinkerer and out-
spoken commentator — sort of the
Howard Cose 1 1 of the CoCo world.
Marty is the database manager of rain-
bow's CoCo SIG on Delphi. His non-
computer passions include running,
mountaineering and outdoor photo-
graphy. Marty lives in San Pablo,
California.
monitor for their CoCo 3 also consider
models that can accept both RGB A and
color composite video inputs. Using
such a monitor, you can switch at will
to composite video, and see your old
PMODE 4 pictures in full color. Note that
these monitors also have an RGB 1
(TTL) input, so they can be used with
IBM PC (or Tandy 1000) RGB CGA
outputs also. Two such monitors are the
8CM8505 and the 8CM85I5 from Mag-
navox, but a special cable to go between
the CoCo 3 and the Magnavox moni-
tors will be needed. Other monitors with
a variety of color inputs that can be
made to work with the CoCo 3 in both
RGB A and composite video mode
include the Sony IICR series and the
Teknika MJ305. Sony's 11CR series
requires that you use the composite
video from the CoCo 3 to supply its sync
line, for it demands a combined sync
signal, instead of the separate H and V
sync supplied by the CoCo 3, and used
by some monitors. Note that unlike
Tandy's CM-8, all of the monitors
mentioned can also be used with VCRs.
• I just bought a Drive B for a Tandy
1000 and installed it in my CoCo FD
500 case. It works fine as Drive I. but
I'd like to know how to use both sides
of it under OS-9.
Bruce E. Ondersma
(BEO)
Grand Rapids, Ml
There are several ways to use double-
sided drives under OS-9. On Delphi, we
have posted patches to the existing CC-
Disk drivers that will allow this. Alter-
natively, you might want to buy one of
the commercial packages that allows
you to configure your OS-9 drivers for
one or two sides. Compulerware and
D.P. Johnson both make such pack-
ages. The Computerware package ( Disk
Fix and other Utils) is particularly nice
in that it includes some other useful OS-
9 tools. The Computerware product
does not, however, support 80-track
drives.
• Can I use Colorcom/E with my
Volksmodem 12?
Steve Short
Jackson, TN
Yes, you should be able to use Color-
com/E with your Volksmodem. The
proper cable is needed and you may
have to set appropriate switches on the
modem. A careful study of the modem
and its manual will be needed, as each
modem requires slightly different tin-
kering with its setup and pinouts. In
general, set any switches so that DTR
(date terminal ready) is true always.
Disable the auto-answer. Wire up a
four-pin DIN to a 25-pin DB connector
for your CoCo as follows: Pin 4 of the
CoCo DIN connector goes to Pin 2 of
the modem DB-25 connector, Pin 2 of
the CoCo DIN goes to Pin 3 of the
modem DB connector. Pin 3 of the
CoCo DIN goes to Pin 7 of the modem
DB connector, and Pin I of the CoCo
DIN connector goes to Pin 8 of the
modem DB connector. The required
four-pin DIN connector, 25-pin DB
connector, and necessary hoods and
wire for this cable can all be purchased
at Radio Shack. Note that there are
some patches for Colorcom/E on Del-
phi that fix some bugs in it, de-protect
it, and make it CoCo 3 compatible.
Look for these in the Data Communi-
cations database, where they were
posted by Art Flexser.
• / am tired of the small viewing area
and black border that surround mv
92
THE RAINBOW January 1987
CoCo's 32-eolumn green screen. Why
did Tandy do this, and what can he done
to fix it?
Richard Hill
Owensboro, KY
The characteristic of that screen that
you complain of was established not by
Tandy, but rather by Motorola in the
design of the 6847 VDG video chip used
in the CoCo I and 2. The reason they
limited the display to the center of the
screen was that many different models
of TV sets had different amounts of
"overscan," and they wanted to make
the display sufficiently small so it would
never be cut off due to the particular
adjustment of a given TV set. Because
it is fixed inside the hardware of the
VDG chip, there is no easy way to alter
this. You have two routes to using more
of the screen:
1) Purchase a PBJ Word-Pak along
with a multipack interface and a mono-
chrome monitor and software that uses
the pack, and you will have 80-column
text capabilty under OS-9 and under a
few Disk Extended BASIC programs.
2) Purchase a CoCo 3 and either a
monochrome ($60 to $100) or an RGB
color ($270 to $450) monitor. The CoCo
3 has both text and graphics video
modes that use the screen edge to edge.
But watch out! In its 40- and 80-column
text mode, the CoCo 3's screen often is
not visible in its first and last two or
three columns, due to overscan on some
commercial television sets and on some
commercial color composite video
monitors. This is the kind of problem
that Motorola sought to avoid in its
design of the old VDG chip. The wider
display of the CoCo 3 will always be
properly displayed on monochrome
and RGB A monitors.
Note that a TV service technician can
adjust some TVs and many monitors for
a narrower display and thus fit in the
full CoCo 3 screen. This sometimes
merely involves turning a slug in a coil
inside the monitor, though at times it
involves an actual patch to the horizon-
tal oscillator circuit.
be able to supply enough power for such
a hoard-'
Steve Allen
(STEVEALLEN)
All of the power supplies for the
CoCo I and 2 have been on the marginal
side in terms of power to spare. How-
ever, all of them have been able to
power a disk controller, which has both
an EPROM and a number of other
chips on it. I suspect that the CoCo will
quite adequately power a board of the
sort you describe. Since I am conserva-
tive when it comes to hardware design,
I'd recommend you use a 27C64
(CMOS) EPROM and 74C, 74HC, or
74HCT series chips, all of which are
CMOS (complementary metal-oxide
semiconductor) and so consume much
less power. The cost of the CMOS
EPROM and 74 series chips is not much
greater than that of NMOS (N-channel
metal-oxide semiconductor) EPROMs
and 74LS series logic chips. Given the
marginal power capabilities of the
CoCo, it might make the difference
between the CoCo running too hot or
acceptably warm.
Interestingly, the CoCo 3 appears to
use the same power supply as that used
in the CoCo 2. Now, the CoCo 3 circuit
appears to draw less power than a CoCo
2 circuit. The GIME chip, which replac-
es both the power hog TTL SAM
(transistor-transistor logic synchronous
address multiplexer) chip and the VDG
(video display generator) chip, is a low
power CMOS chip. I would predict
from this that the CoCo 3 will run
cooler than its predecessors, with more
power to spare for driving devices
plugged into its port. Note also that the
CoCo 3 has its eight data lines on its bus
buffered with a 74LS245 chip. Though
the address lines on its port are still
unbuffered.
Before you do anything else you need
to find out why you fried your CoCo,
or else you risk frying the next CoCo
you hook up! Your information was
garbled (there is no "Pin 43" on the
cartridge connector — that connector
has only 40 pins). But it sounds as if you
got high voltage (probably 120 volts
AC) on your ground lines. This could
happen from improperly grounded disk
drives that had a fault inside the case.
Or the fault might be inside your CoCo
itself. This could be the case even
though you had the switches off on both
the CoCo and the disk drives. Such a
fault not only will roast CoCos, but can
also constitute a lethal shock hazard.
You need to take your drives in to a
service center and have them checked
out. Same for the rest of your system.
Given the sort of problem you de-
scribe, it is quite possible you burned
out every chip in your CoCo, so none
of them may be usable. You'll need to
experiment by trying the chips out in
another machine.
Disk controller cartridges can be
purchased through any of a dozen or
more sources that advertise in RAINBOW.
Look through this or any issue for
details. Among the many companies
that sell them are DISTO (CRC), J&M
systems, HDS, True Data Products,
and Spectrum Projects. Check the
advertisers index in RAINBOW. The price
is often in the $70 to $100 range for a
given unit.
Sorry to hear you smoked your
CoCo. But I'm glad you are alive to tell
the tale.
• / am designing a board to plug in to
the CoCo 2B, on which I plan to put a
2764 EPROM and a few small to me-
dium scale TTL chips. Will the CoCo
• Recently when I plugged my disk
interface cartridge into my CoCo I saw
sparks flying out of the interface. My
system was fried. Most of the damage
came from pins 36 and 43 (sic) of the
cartridge port. My drives may be good,
hut I don V know where to get a separate
disk controller pack without the drives.
Also, can I possibly use some of my old
chips (RA Ms) from my fried CoCo to
upgrade a new one?
Lee Ki I lough
Conroe, TX
Your technical questions are welcomed.
Please address them to CoCo Consultations,
the rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059.
We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit for
brevity and clarity. Due to the large volume
of mail we receive, we are unable to answer
letters individually.
For quicker response time, your questions
may also be posted in the FORUM section
of rainbow's CoCo S1G on Delphi. In
FORUM, type ADD and address your ques-
tions to the username MARTYGOOD-
MAN. Marty is on most every evening to
respond to FORUM messages. Other CoCo
SIG members may also reply to questions
posted in this public message area. Please be
sure to leave your name and address in any
FORUM questions, since those of wide
interest will be selected for publication in
this column.
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 93
TURN OF THE SCREW
Taking a Look at How
Monitors Work
By Tony DiStefano
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Well, 1 finally got my CoCo 3.
The first thing I needed to do
was to plug it into a monitor.
In my computer room 1 have various
color monitors, TVs and monochrome
monitors. I read through the CoCo 3
manual and found out it has three ways
of connecting a display to it. The first
and most common is the RF output.
This is where you connect an ordinary
TV to it. The second is a composite
color output, sometimes known as a
video output. The third is an RGB
output.
Now, most people are familiar with
the RF output. Many people know
about video outputs, but what is this
RGB stuff? It is not new to me because
I use an RGB monitor for my other
computers. With the right connector, a
piece of ribbon wire and the right
information, 1 connected the CoCo 3 to
my Sony RGB monitor.
Ever since 1 wrote an article on how
to connect your CoCo to a mono-
chrome monitor, 1 have been getting
calls about it. So, with the coming of the
CoCo 3, it is time to do an "everything
you ever wanted to know about mon-
itors but were afraid to ask" article.
Here it is.
1 am going to start from the basics
and work my way up to RGB. Let's
begin with some theory on a mono-
chrome monitor. The mono part of that
word implies one color. At first, all
picture tubes were white. Then green
was the "in" color and then amber
became popular. Whatever the actual
color of the tube, it is still one color,
Tony DiStefano is a well-known early
specialist in computer hardware pro-
jects. He lives in Laval Ouest, Quebec.
94 THE RAINBOW January 1987
hence monochrome. A picture tube is
made of glass. Inside this tube is a
vacuum. On the inside surface of the
display area there is a thin coating of
phosphorus. One physical property of
phosphorus is that when bombarded
with electrons (high voltage electricity)
it glows. Inside the back end (neck) of
a picture tube there are circuits that
shoot electrons at the phosphorus. The
construction of the tube is beyond this
article, but when it is on, a stream of
electrons hits the phosphorus, and
where it hits, the phosphorus glows. But
alone, all that does is make a glowing
dot in the center of the screen. Not much
good.
Since electrons are affected by a
magnetic field, putting a magnet close
to the tube will deflect our dot. The dot
would move according to the strength
and direction of our magnetic field. An
electric current through a wire creates
a magnetic field. The more current, the
stronger the magnetic field. A length of
wire wrapped in a coil is enough to
deflect our dot anywhere on the screen.
In most monitors, two coils of wire
wrapped around the neck of the tube are
used to move our dot around. One coil
is positioned so that a varying amount
of current makes the dot move sideways
or horizontally. The other is positioned
to give up/down or vertical motion.
Given the right amount of current
and in the proper sequence, our dot now
moves from right to left and from top
to bottom, in the same motion as read-
ing. Make that dot move fast enough
and it appears to fill the screen with
light, since phosphorus continues to
glow for a short time after the dot has
moved. Those lines you see on your
screen are made by one moving dot.
So far, we have one moving dot that
fills the screen with light. If, while
moving this dot, you were to increase
and decrease the number of electrons
hitting the phosphorus, you would get
varying amounts of light. The amount
of light produced is directly propor-
tional to the number of electrons hitting
the phosphorus.
Things are shaping up to a picture. In
a TV monitor, there are many signals
and currents, one of which is called the
horizontal oscillator. This circuit is
connected to the coil that deflects the
dot horizontally. Figure I shows the
wave shape of the horizontal oscillator.
It starts off negatively, deflecting the
dot to the left. It increases linearly to a
positive position, moving the dot
smoothly across the screen. Then, it
Figure 1
Vollago J
Time
- 63.5 us—!
Horizontal Oiclllator
Voltage _i
Time
1 Frame
- 16 68 ms— - — 16.66 ms
Vertical Oicillator
quickly jumps back to the original
position. During this time the electron
flow is cut off so that it will not appear
on the screen. This time period is known
as the retrace time, and the circuit that
cuts off the electron flow is called a
blanking circuit.
Another circuit in a TV is the vertical
oscillator and yes, you guessed it, it
controls the dot vertically. The wave
shape of the vertical oscillator is basi-
cally the same as the horizontal one,
only much slower. Many horizontal
cycles fit inside one vertical cycle (more
on this later). The vertical oscillator also
has retrace time and vertical blanking
circuits. Due to its nature, one horizon-
tal cycle is called a scan line, and one
vertical cycle is called a frame.
When our dot is not doing horizontal
retrace or vertical retrace it appears on
the screen. This is known as active
video. It is during this time that our dot
gives the viewer useful information.
This information can be a picture like
ordinary TV, or computer generated
characters. In either case, the video
signal is proportional to the brightness
of the picture. A higher signal produces
a brighter dot and a lower signal pro-
duces a softer dot.
In order for a picture to appear on a
video monitor, three signals are needed;
horizontal, vertical and video signals. It
is not efficient to run three signals and
a ground return to a TV receiver or
monitor. A method was developed to
combine these three signals into one.
Instead of supplying complete horizon-
tal and vertical wave shapes, the source
need only send a pulse signifying the
start of every horizontal line and the
start of every vertical frame. These
pulses are known as sync pulses. The
rest of the wave shape is then regener-
ated inside the monitor. It is then up to
the monitor to make sure that the
internal horizontal and vertical oscilla-
tors keep up with the sync pulses.
These sync pulses and video signals
are mixed together in a specific way to
form one signal called "composite
video," for obvious reasons. Figure 2
shows part of a composite signal. In
North America, all composite video
conforms to the NTSC (National Tele-
vision Systems Committee) standard;
more on that later. In a monitor, circuits
are made to separate the video informa-
tion from the sync signals, and are then
translated to drive currents that connect
to the coils and the picture tube.
Up till now, I've been talking about
monochrome (black and white) pic-
lures. But, there is a good reason why
Tandy calls our CoCo a Color Comput-
er — it can display a color picture.
When TV first came out, it was only in
!
1 Volt
PloP
II
t
Voltage
Viaoo
/
s
Horizontal
»ync
Figure 2: A Composite Signal
I M Vitmcal m '
i '' '""
1 Horizontal
1 blanking
sync
! !
j^ u i_ii_ii_ii_iL_ii_iii u
i
i
Vertical
blanking
T»me »
"XPNDR2 and SuperGuide -
an Ideal Expansion Card Set"
- RAINBOW 2/86
HARDWARE REVIEW
XPNDR2 S39.95 each or 2/S76
This prototype card leatures a 40 pin
connector tor projects requiring an on-
line disk system or ROM paks. The
CoCo signals are brought out to wire-
wrap pins. Special gold plated spring
clips provide reliable and noisetree
disk operation plus solid support for
vertical mounting of the controller. The
entire 4.3" 7 inch card is drilled for ICs.
Assembled, tested and ready to run.
XPNDR1 S19.9S each or 2/S36
A rugged 4.3*6.2 inch bare breadboard
that brings the CoCo signals out to
labeled pads. Both XPNDR cards are
double-sided glass/epoxy, have gold
plated edge connectors, thru-hole
plating and are designed with heavy
power and ground buses. They're
drilled lor standard 0.3 and 0.6 inch
wide dual in-line wirewrap sockets;
with a 0.1 inch grid on the outboard end
tor connectors.
SuperGuide S3.95 each
Here is a unique plastic insert that
aligns and supports printed circuit
cards in the CoCo cartridge port. Don't
forget to ORDER ONE FOR YOUR
XPNDR CARDS
Included with each XPNDR card
are 8 pages of APPLICATION
NOTES to help you learn about
chips and how to connect them to
your CoCo.
oo
To order or for technical informa-
tion call:
(206) 782-6809
weekdays 8 a.m. to noon
We pay shipping on prepaid orders.
For immediate shipment send
check, money order or the number
and expiration date of your VISA or
MASTERCARD to:
ROBOTIC?Xl1ICROSYSTEMS
BOX 30807 SEATTLE, WA 98103
THE COCO-PC IS HERE!
Wouldn't if be great to use an IBM PC, XT, AT or
compatible to run CoCo OS-9 and FLEX software.
Well, now yon can with our PI-6809 processor card. PI -6809
fits neatly into a full size expansion slot in the PC. It
features ONE MEGABYTE RAM, 128K EPROM and a lull
RS-232 interface.
Our software runs FLEX and boots CoCo OS-9 from disk
yet gives you FULL ACCESS to PC facilities including hard
disk, printer, network . . . and file transfer between FLEX,
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NO RISK TRIAL — Buy the PI-6809 now and we give you
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Special Introductory Price — $495.00
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PALMERS GREEN, LONDON, ENGLAND
NI3 5XA Phone 01 -882 0681/6936
Cheques, Money Orders. VISA
nnd MASTERCHARGE accepted
Dealer Enquiries Welcome
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 95
»
%
XTEAM
OS-9
BOTH
WINNER^
**j
XTERM
OS-9 Communications program.
• Menu oriented • Definable macro keys
• Upload/download. Ascii " Works with standard serial port, RS232
or XMODEM protocol PAK, or PBJ 2SP Pack, Includes all drivers.
• Execute OS-9 commands ■ Works with standard screen. XSCREEN, or
from within XTERM WORDPAK 80 column board.
$49.95 with source $89.95
XMENU
Crcales a menu driven environment for OS-9.
. Cicalc your own menus ' W °* 5 wiUl standard screen.
* XSCREEN, WORDPAK. O-PAK
$29.95 with source $5 9. 9 5
XSCREEN
OS-9 hi-rcs screen
•51/64/85 chars per line • Easy menu operation
$19.95 with source $39.95
XDIR & XCAL
llierarchial directory OS-9 calculator
■ Full sorting ■ Decimal, Hex, Binary
■ Complete pattern matching • +, -, *, /, AND.OR, XOR. NOT
$24.95 wilhsouroc $49.95
XDIS
OS-9 disassembler
$34.95 with source $54.95
'/.
XWORD
OS-9 word processing system
■ Works with standard text screen, XSCREEN, WORDPAK. or O-PAK
• True character oriented full screen editing
• Full block commands
■ Find and Replace commands
» Execute OS-9 commands from within
• Proportional spacing supported
■ Full printer control, character size, emphasized, italics,
ovcrstrikc, underline, supcr/sub-scripts
■ 10 header/footers
■ Page numbering in decimal or Roman numerals
• Margins and headers can be set different for even and odd pages
$69.95 with sourcc$1 24.95
XMERGE
Mail merge capabilities for XWORD
$24.95 witli source $4 9. 95
XSPELL
OS-9 spelling checker, with 20000 and 40000 word dictionaries
$39.95
XTRIO
XWORD/XMERGE/XSPELL
$114.95 with XWORD/XMERGEsourc«1 99.95
XED
OS-9 full screen editor
$39.95 with source $79.95
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AND FOR RS DOS
SMALL BUSINESS ACCOUNTING
This sales-based accounting package is designed
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Accounts Payable, Journal Entry, Payroll Disburse-
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outputs include Balance Sheet, Income Statement,
Customer and Vendor status Reports, Accounts
Receivable and Payable Aging Reports, Check Reg-
ister. Sales Reports, Account Status Lists, and a
Journal Posting List- $79 95
INVENTORY CONTROL/SALES ANALYSIS
This module is designed to handle inventory control,
with user defined product codes, and produce a detailed
analysis of the business' sales and the sales force. One
may enter/update inventory data, enter sales, run five
sales analysis reports, run five inventory reports, set up
product codes, enter /update salesman records, and
update the SBAP inventory. $59.95
PAYROLL
Designed for maintaining personnel and payroll
data for up to 200 hourly and salaried employees
with 8 deductions each. Calculates payroll and lax
amounts, prints checks and maintains ycar-to-datc
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SBA package. Computes each pay period's totals
for straight lime, overtime and bonus pay and det-
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include mailing list, listing of employees, ycar-to-
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These programs arc user friendly and menu
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Includes detailed audit trails and history reports
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ACCOUNTS PAYABLE
Designed for the maintenance of vendor and A/P
invoice files. The system prints checks, voids
checks, cancels checks, deletes cancelled checks,
and deletes paid A/P invoices. The user can run a
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can be integrated with the Small Business
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black and white. When color came out,
a method had to be developed so that
a color signal would be compatible with
a black and white TV.
It was up to the NTSC to develop a
composite signal that would carry the
extra color signal and still be compat-
ible with the older black and white
signal. In 1953, the NTSC established
the color television standards. In these
standards, the signal is to have 525 line
interlaced scan. The horizontal scan
frequency is 15.734 kHz; the vertical
frequency is 59.94 Hz. The color infor-
mation is contained in a 3.579545 MHz
subcarrier. The phase angle of the
subcarrier represents the color, and the
amplitude of the carrier represents the
saturation. Figure 3 shows one horizon-
tal line. Notice the color frequency burst
just after the horizontal sync. The phase
difference between this reference burst
and the actual signal describes what
color that particular part of the screen
should be. The amplitude of the color
signal represents how much of that
color to put on the screen.
On the monitor side, color is quite
complicated to reproduce. You have to
start with a completely new tube. In-
stead of smooth monochrome phospho-
rus, the tube has to be striped with
alternate red, green and blue phospho-
rus. The smaller the stripe the better the
picture quality.
When a color composite video signal
enters a color monitor, it is first stripped
of its sync signals, and then the mono-
chrome (called luminance) and color
signals (called chroma) are split into
three signals, the red content, the green
content and the blue content. Three
separate electron beams are used to
display the three colors on the screen.
The beam carrying the red content has
to hit all the red strips. The green hits
the green strips and soon. If abeam that
has red information hits any other color
than red, a wrong color results. It
requires a lot of electronic circuits to
keep this from happening. That is not
the worst part; the color frequency
carrier is 3.58 MHz. In order to isolate
the color carrier from the monochrome
signal, a filter is used that removes any
frequency higher than 3.58 MHz. This
seriously limits the resolution of a color
signal. In fact, the resolution of a color
signal, at absolute best, is about 400
lines. That is OK for the CoCo and
CoCo 2 but is not good enough for the
CoCo 3.
When you put a color signal in a
monochrome monitor, the color infor-
mation shows up as dots on the screen.
Figure 3 shows that. The frequency of
the color signal is 3.58 MHz. A mono-
chrome monitor with a 20-MHz band-
width has no filter to remove the color
carrier. The monitor will have no prob-
Figure 3: One Horizontal Line
Urn ■■
/
•oviomai
V»nc
pi use
V i.
J
Momo-<l.il -» !
blnn.-ig |
lems displaying the color carrier — as
an annoying monochrome mess of dots.
Now comes the CoCo 3. It has a
resolution of 640-by-l92. That is very
nice but have you ever seen a 640-by-
192 screen on a regular composite
monitor? Believe me, it's not a pretty
sight. What is Tandy to do? The only
reasonable thing is to gel rid of that
color carrier and put out the color
information separately. Now that is a
great idea and for once Tandy did it
right! The CoCo 3 has an output known
as an RGB output. That's right, RGB
stands for Red, Green and Blue. No
color carrier, no filters and no sync
pulses, just clean color.
Wait a minute, that won't work with-
out sync pulses. So Tandy added some
more lines and added sync pulses. In
fact, the CoCo 3's RGB output is the
best color picture ever for a CoCo! The
clarity is limited only by the resolution
of the monitor.
You don't have to have a Tandy RGB
monitor. However, if you plan on going
out to buy a brand X monitor at some
discount mail order house, here are a
few tips to help you get started with
fewer headaches.
First, when you select a model you
want (or can afford), make sure that it
is an RGB analog monitor with negative
or composite sync (like my Sony) with
a horizontal frequency of 15.7 kHz and
a vertical frequency of 60 Hz. Also
make sure that the bare connector to the
monitor is available. You will also need
a connector for the CoCo 3 side of it.
That requires a 1 0-pin female socket
connector for flat ribbon cable. And
don't forget to get three or four feet of
10-conductor flat ribbon cable. Use the
pinout supplied in the CoCo 3 manual
and match the pinout of the RGB
monitor manual to it. Now plug it in
and watch it go! /5*\
&&&*.&*£
<0
.J-r
y..
&
&
f
>*«
U.S. check or money
order. RI residents
please add 6% sales tax.
TEPCO
30 Water Street
Portsmouth, RI 02871
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 97
What you need to know to upgrade your Multi-Pak
Interface for use with your new Co Co 3
A PAL for Your CoCo 3
By Marly Goodman
Reference has been made to the
fact that you will need to up-
grade your Multi-Pak Interface
if you want to use it with your new
CoCo 3. There has been a lot of con-
fusion about this. In this article, 1 hope
to clarify matters regarding this up-
grade, explaining why it is necessary,
how to do it, and where and how to get
the needed parts. Much of my informa-
tion for this article comes from Tandy
Technical Bulletin CC:29, dated August
14. 1986. This bulletin is distributed to
Tandy Computer Service Centers.
Some of it comes from personal tests,
and some from personal communica-
tion with Mark Siegel of Tandy Corpo-
ration.
There are two different types of
Multi-Pak Interfaces (MPI) for the
CoCo. The "old MPI" was the first MPI
sold by Tandy. It is physically larger
than the newer ones, and is Radio
Shack Catalog No. 26-3024. This model
was first sold with a battleship gray
case, though later it was sold with a
white case.
Later on, Tandy redesigned the MPI,
making it smaller and much less expen-
sive to produce. This newer, slimmer,
trimerMPI is Radio Shack Catalog No.
26-3124. The catalog number can be
found on a sticker on the bottom of
your Multi-Pak.
When folks first got their CoCo 3s,
brought them home, and plugged them
Martin H. Goodman, M. D., is a long-
time electronics tinkerer and lives in
San Pablo, California. Marty is a RAIN-
BOW contributing editor and writes the
"CoCo Consultations" column. He is
also the database manager of RAIN-
BOWS CoCo S/G on Delphi.
into their old Multi-Paks (with the disk
controller plugged into Slot 4 as recom-
mended by Tandy), they discovered one
of three things. Some found that their
MPIs appeared to work perfectly. Oth-
ers found that their disk controller
would be recognized by the CoCo 3 only
if it was plugged into Slot 1. Still others
found that regardless of what slot they
plugged their disk controller into, it
simply would not be seen by the CoCo
3. This different behavior is explained
by the fact that different releases of the
same catalog number MPI had slightly
differently programmed PAL chips in
them.
The critically important thing to note
here is that regardless of how your MPI
behaves with your CoCo 3, it is neces-
sary to upgrade it either by replacing the
PAL chip (in the case of the older MPIs)
or by adding in a satellite board (in the
case of the newer ones). Both the tech-
nical bulletin and Mark Siegel, person-
ally, were quite firm in this rec-
ommendation.
Note that earlier, several folks alleged
that this upgrade was needed only if you
were going to install 5 1 2K in your CoCo
3. That is false. You need to do this
upgrade regardless of the amount of
memory in your CoCo 3.
At the Princeton RAINBOWfest, I
heard that all local Radio Shack retail
outlets had been briefed in the problem
with the Multi-Pak. However, I called
five Radio Shack Computer Centers in
the San Francisco Bay area, and five
Radio Shack stores with computer
divisions. No one had heard of this
problem. Because of this, I urge you, the
rainbow reader, to tell your local
Computer Center or division personnel
about this problem.
By informing the local stores, you
may save other CoCo 3 purchasers
some grief. You might even consider
urging your local Radio Shack store
employee to buy a copy of this issue of
RAINBOW for reference on this matter.
If your Multi-Pak is still under war-
ranty (if it has been less than 90 days
since it was bought or last repaired) 1
have been told by Mike Ward that you
can get it upgraded for free. Please
check out this possibility if your MPI
falls into that category. I do not know
how much, if anything, Tandy ordinar-
ily charges for labor on upgrading the
Multi-Pak. The parts fee is $7.50. You
may want to inquire about this before
deciding to do the upgrade yourself.
Usually Tandy's minimum labor charge
is SI5. Even if Tandy is providing the
labor for the upgrade for free, you still
may want to upgrade the Multi-Pak
yourself, because that way it will not be
out of your hands for the one to two
weeks that such repairs often take.
Upgrading Your Old Multi-Pak
If you own one of the older MPIs
(Catalog No. 26-3024) it will be rela-
tively easy for you to do the upgrade
yourself. All you need is a 20-pin PAL
chip. To order it, just go to your local
Radio Shack store and tell them you
want to order, from National Parts, Part
Number AXX 7123, and also tell them
that that part is for Catalog No. 26-
3024. It should cost $7.50. It usually
lakes about two weeks for the part to
arrive at your local Radio Shack store.
Be sure the MPI is unplugged, then
open the case of your old Multi-Pak.
This, of course, will involve breaking
the warranty sticker that covers one of
the four screws.
98
THE RAINBOW January 1987
CANADA'SCOCO
jJARDWARj * HOP
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April 10-121
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RAINBOWfest is the only computer show
dedicated exclusively to your Tandy
Color Computer. Nowhere else will you
see as many CoCo-related products or be able to
attend free seminars conducted by the top Color
Computer experts. It's like receiving the latest
issue of the rainbow in your mailbox!
RAINBOWfest is a great opportunity for com-
mercial programmers to show ott new and inno-
vative products for the first time. Chicago is the
show to get information on capabilities for the
new CoCo 3. In exhibit after exhibit, there will be
demonstrations, opportunities to experiment
with software and hardware, and special RAIN-
BOWfest prices.
Set your own pace between visiting exhibits
and attending the valuable, free seminars on all
aspects of your CoCo — from improving basic
skills to working with the sophisticated OS-9 op-
erating system.
Many people who write for the rainbow — as
well as those who are written about — are there
to meet you and answer questions. You'll also
meet lots of other people who share your interest
in the Color Computer. It's a person-to-person
event and a tremendous learning experience in a
fun and relaxed atmosphere.
To make it easier for you to participate, we
schedule RAINBOWfests in different parts of the
country. If you missed the fun in Princeton, why
don't you make plans now to join us in Chicago?
For members of the family who don't share your
affinity for CoCo, RAINBOWfest is located in an
area with many other attractions.
As a new feature for RAINBOWfest, we are
planning an Educational Sandbox. This will fea-
ture child-oriented workshops to give hands-on
experience to an age group often neglected.
There will be a session for the kindergarten to
third grade set and another for fourth through
seventh graders. RAINBOWfest has something
for everyone in the family.
The Hyatt Regency Woodfieid offers special
rates for RAINBOWfest. The show opens Friday
evening with a session from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m. It's
a daytime show Saturday — the CoCo Commun-
ity Breakfast (separate tickets required) is at 8
a.m., then the exhibit hall opens promptly at 10
a.m. and runs until 6 p.m. On Sunday, the exhibit
hall opens at 1 1 a.m. and closes at 4 p.m.
Tickets for RAINBOWfest may be obtained di-
rectly from the rainbow. We'll also send you a
reservation form so you can get your special
room rate.
The POSH way to go. You can have your travel
arrangements and hotel reservations handled
through rainbow affiliate, POSH Travel Assist-
ance, Inc., of Louisville. For the same POSH
treatment many of our exhibitors enjoy, call POSH
at (502) 893-331 1 . All POSH services are available
at no charge to RAINBOWfest attendees.
Show Schedule:
Friday evening
— Exhibits open from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m.
Saturday
— CoCo Community Breakfast at 8 a.m.
— Exhibits open at 10 a.m. and close at
6 p.m.
Sunday
— Exhibits open from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Remove the black cardboard shield
that covers the space around the four
card sockets. You will now see the
circuit board. Note that only one chip
on that board is socketed. All others are
soldered directly to the board. The chip
you are interested in is the socketed one,
a 20-pin chip called U8. Carefully
remove this chip and replace it with the
new chip you just bought. In doing this
you must be careful not to bend pins on
the new chip, and you must be careful
to put in the new chip with its notch
pointing the same way as the notch on
the chip you just removed. Also, ob-
serve the usual anti-static precautions
for handling delicate chips. The new
chip will come to you on a piece of black
anti-static foam. Place the old chip that
you removed into this foam, and save
it in a safe place. I will explain why later.
After successfully replacing the old
PAL chip, put your MP1 back together
again and the upgrade is complete. Be
careful about positioning the plastic
extension of the slot select switch as you
are reassembling the Multi-Pak.
Upgrading Your New Multi-Pak
If you own one of the newer MPIs
(Catalog No. 26-3124), I recommend
you take your MP1 to Tandy and have
them upgrade it for you. This is because
the upgrade involves cutting a trace on
the circuit board, and then delicately
soldering seven wires of that satellite
board to various integrated circuit chip
pins on the board. If you feel totally
comfortable with doing such work,
what follows is a brief outline of the
upgrade process.
Go to your local Radio Shack and
order from National Parts a Satellite
Board, Part No. AXX 7 1 19 (for Catalog
No. 26-3124). This should also cost
S7.50.
When you get the satellite board,
open up your M PI, being careful to note
the length of the screws that hold it
together and what holes they go in. Be
sure, that your MPI is unplugged. Now:
1) Unscrew and free the printed
circuit board. This involves removing
three screws that hold it down, remov-
ing all metal clips that hold the shield
to it, and removing the shield itself.
Carefully note the position of the metal
clips for reassembly. You need not
disconnect the transformer.
2) Locate IC6, the monster 64-pin
chip. Cut the trace that connects Pin 52
of 1C6 to Pin 19 of ICI (the 74LS245
chip used to buffer the data lines).
3) Position the satellite board over IC
6, with its components up, and with its
wires facing the card edge.
4) Locate IC4. This is one of three
74LS367 buffer chips. Solder the three
yellow wires from the satellite board to
pins 3, 9, and 1 1 of IC4. It does not
matter which yellow wire goes to which
of the three pins on IC4.
5) Solder the white wire from the
satellite board to Pin 52 of IC6 (the big
IC).
6) Solder the blue wire from the
satellite board to Pin 19 of ICI (the
74LS245).
7) The remaining red and black wires
from the satellite board need to be
hooked up to +5 volts and ground,
respectively. This can be gotten from the
power supply pins of any of the chips
on the board. Tandy recommends using
pins 16 and 8 of IC5, respectively. (Red
wire to Pin 16 of IC5 and black wire to
Pin 8 ofIC5.)
8) Replace the shield on the circuit
board. Using two of the three screws
that held it to the case, reattach it. The
TANDY COMPUTER
DISCOUNTS
COLOR COMPUTERS
26-3127 64k color comp
26-3131 1st disk drive
PRINTERS
26-1276 DMP 105
26-1277 DM P-430
26-1280 DMP-130
140.00
269.95
160.00
580.00
269.00
MODEL 4 and MSDOS COMPUTERS
25-1 050 Tandy 1000 EX
25-1051 Tandy 1000 SX
25-01011 Plus expansion board
25-1005 2nd drive mod 1000
25-1020 VM-4 Monochrome monitor
26-1070 mod 4D 64k 2dr.
650.00
950.00
155.00
145.00
110.00
920.00
We Carry the Complete Line of Tandy
Computer Products at Discount Prices
CALL FOR A FREE PRICE LIST 800-257-5556
IN N.J. CALL 609-769-0551
WOODSTOWN ELECTRONICS
Rt. 40 E. WOODSTOWN, N.J. 08098
MAGAZINE FOR COLOR COMPUTER USERS.
Spectrogram Magazine provides useful and interesting support
material with a wide range of programs and articles by some of
the best writers and programmers available.
•TELEGRAM by Bobby Ballard: A monthly column concern-
ing the Color Computer and its use in telecommunications.
'DOWNTIME by Rush Caley: Little-known facts, new and
different ideas, opinions, and an occasional criticism or two.
'BASIC HELP by Bill Bernico: Answers to your questions
concerning the Color Computer and the BASIC language.
'PASCAL PROGRAMMING by Delmar Searls: An in-depth
study of Pascal and how to use it effectively.
Assembly, C, OS-9, REM statements as data storage, floating
point math, and graphics animation are covered with an emphasis
on understanding. Utilities, games, business and home management
programs are a steady diet, and all the programs in Spectrogram
are available on tape or disk. Spectrogram Magazine could become
the most informative addition to your Color Computer system!
PLEASE SEND ME 12 ISSUES OF SPECTROGRAM MAGAZINE
FOR $18 (40% off the cover price).
Name:
Address:
C ity:
State:
( ) Check enclosed
Card I
Zip:.
Mail to:
SPECTROGRAM MAGAZINE
P.O. Box 138 (815)968-9600
Rockford, IL 61105
( ) Visa ( ) MasterCard
Exp. Date: .
Foreign subscriptions :^ Canada, all others $34
Groups : $15 irith 5 or Bore subscriptions
January 1987 THE RAINBOW
screws to use are the one near the power
switch and the one near the selector
switch. Now close up the case, being
careful to make the extension of the
selector switch fit properly.
Problems You Must Know About
After you have completed either of
these upgrades (or had Tandy do them
for you), the Multi-Pak will now work
fine with your CoCo 3 with nearly all
Tandy hardware and software. But, the
fix causes some serious problems with
some third-party products. After up-
grading your Multi-Pak, it will not
work with the CoCo Max Hi-Res joy-
stick interface. Even if you use that
upgraded Multi-Pak with an old CoCo
1 or 2 (the CoCo Max software itself
will not run on the CoCo 3), the CoCo
Max hardware card will cease to work.
The PBJ Word-Pak 1 and 1 1 will also
cease to work with Multi-Paks that have
been upgraded for the CoCo 3. The
Microworks DS-69A digitizer will also
not work with upgraded Multi-Paks.
The reason for this is that the upgrade
locks out address space SFF80 through
SFF9F. The upgraded Multi-Pak can no
longer access those addresses. This
lockout is done because the GIME chip
in the CoCo 3 uses those addresses, and
the upgrade makes sure that no other
device will affect those locations. The
third-party devices 1 just mentioned all
use port addresses in the SFF90 to
SFF9F range, and thus are locked out
by the Multi-Pak upgrade.
Note that the PBJ Word-Pak I and 11
are no longer in production, and the
current model (PBJ's Word-Pak RS)
uses ports at SFF76, 7, 8, and 9. Thus,
it is not affected by the Multi-Pak
upgrade. 1 have spoken with Bob Lentz
of Microworks, and he is in the process
of fixing his DS-69A digitizer to work
on the CoCo 3. At present, 1 have no
word on whether or not a fix for CoCo
Max will be available.
A Possible Solution for Hackers
If you own one Multi-Pak and occa-
sionally want to use it with a CoCo 2
with some of the hardware that is now
locked out, there are a few approaches
to fixing this problem. In all cases you
need to be a little bit of a tinkerer.
If you have a new, small MP1 (Cat-
alog No. 26-3124) the fix is quite easy.
Open the Multi-Pak and remove the
circuit board and shield. Remove the
white and blue wires of the satellite
board from where they are soldered to
the ICs on the main board. Now, send
wires from Pin 52 of 1C6 and Pin 19 of
IC 1 to the two poles of a DPDT switch.
On one of the two positions, short the
two connections together. On the other,
hook up the blue and white wire from
the satellite board. Refer to my descrip-
tion of the upgrade of the new Multi-
Pak to clarify just what wires go where.
In effect, what you are doing is switch-
ing the satellite board in and out of the
circuit. Mount the DPDT switch on the
case of the Multi-Pak. You now have a
Multi-Pak that can be switched between
CoCo 2 and CoCo 3 modes. In CoCo
2 mode, it will work with a CoCo 2 and
any of the add-on, third-party hardware
I mentioned above. In CoCo 3 mode, il
will work properly with a CoCo 3.
If you own one of the older Multi-
Paks (Catalog No. 26-3024) you might
consider rigging up a "PAL switcher."
This switcher is easier to build than you
might think, because most of the pins
on the PAL chip are either power or
inputs. Indeed, only pins 14, 15, 16, and
18 are outputs. Armed with this knowl-
edge, you can piggyback or wire in
parallel all but those four pins, then
switch them using a 4PDT switch.
Ghost Busting
The reason for the Multi-Pak fix for
the CoCo 3 is at least twofold.
First, the older PAL chips used to
decode the software slot select port for
the Multi-Pak "ghosted" from SFF7F
to SFF9F. That is, when a value was
written to SFF7F, it appeared at SFF9F
also, and vice versa. This ghosting
caused no problems with the CoCo 2,
but it plays havoc with the CoCo 3,
which occasionally wants to write to
SFF9F when talking to its GIME chip.
Similarly, any attempt at slot selection
with a ghosting Multi-Pak will send
spurious data to the GIME chip. Thus,
the decoding of the software slot selec-
tion port had to be made more com-
plete.
Second, Tandy felt it necessary to
lock out the SFF80 through SFF9F
range (SFFAO and up are already locked
out by the programming of the old
Multi-Pak PAL chips). This was to
protect the GIME chip from conflicts
with information from other external
devices that might be addressed in that
range.
I have been asked many times already
why one should upgrade one's existing
Multi-Pak if it happens to be one that
appears to work fine with the CoCo 3.
I can't fully answer that question at this
time. I must emphasize, however, that
both the Tandy technical bulletin and
top Tandy officials strongly insist that
regardless of whether or not your Multi-
Pak appears to work properly with your
CoCo 3, you must get it upgraded to
assure proper operation. ^
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NOW MORE COLORS IN MORE TYPES OF RIBBONS ARE AVAILABLE.
NEW COLOR SETS AVAILABLE. IRON ON TRANSFER RIBBONS ALSO.
USE YOUR MODEM ON THE DATA LINE AND SAVE 102 ON YOUR
NEXT ORDER. YOU'LL FIND OUR COMPLETE CATALOG, NEW ADDIT-
IONS, AND LATE BREAKING SPECIALS.
GET 10% DISCOUNT ON YOUR NEXT ORDER
BY ORDERING ON THE DATA LINE.
102
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Those Great RAINBOW Programs
Without All The Fuss!
Subscribe to RAINBOW ON TAPE!
Every month, rainbow on tape brings as many as two dozen ready-to-run
programs right to you. Using the current issue of the rainbow as documen-
tation, all you have to do is load and run them. Just a one-year subscription
gives you more than 230 new programs! The typing time saved is time that
can be spent with the CoCo. (rainbow on tape does not include OS-9
programs or those less than 20 lines.)
Need a back issue of rainbow on tape?
Issues available beginning with April 1982
Subscribe to rainbow on tape Today!
LOOK FOR OUR ORDER CARD
BETWEEN PAGES 34 AND 35
The cost for a single copy of rainbow on
tape is $10 within the United States; U.S. $12
in all other countries. The annual subscription
rate for rainbow on tape is $80 within the U.S.;
U.S. $90 in Canada; and U.S. $1 05 for all other
countries. U.S. currency only, please. In order
to hold down non-editorial costs, we do not
bill.
DISK USERS: RAINBOW ON DISK
IS NOW AVAILABLE!
All the programs from the rainbow — includ-
ing OS-9 — are now available on disk. For
more information, see page 151 of this issue.
NOW AVAILABLE ON DELPHI!
For your convenience, rainbow on tape can also be
ordered via the Delphi Information Network, in our Shopping
Service area of the rainbow's Color Computer SIG (Special
Interest Group).
The individual programs from our past January issues are
also available for immediate download in the RAINBOW ON
TAPE Database area in THE RAINBOW'S Color Computer SIG
on Delphi. There is a $3.50 per program surcharge.
rainbow ON TAPE is not a stand-alone product, but is
intended as an adjunct and complement to the magazine.
Even if you purchase rainbow on tape, you will still need
the magazine for loading and operating instructions.
To order by phone, (credit card orders only) call
800-847-0309, 8 a.m. - 5 p.m. EST. All other
inquiries call 502-228-4492.
Programs from Our Past
Beginners Issues:
January 1 986 — CoCo Puzzler, a game to create puzzles easy
enough for children yet challenging enough for experts;
Pattern Blocks, an educational discovery process of colors
and shapes; Novices' Niche, eight short programs especially
for the beginner Color My CoCo, a simple program that
demonstrates your computer's music and graphics capabil-
ities; Remote Burglar Alarm, Part II. a computerized alarm
system for the home; Add/Sub5, an educational program that
generates addition and subtraction math problems; Fire-
storm, an arcade-type game involving skill; The Seed, a
graphics program that illustrates the growth from seed to
flower; CoSSS, part three of a complete bulletin board
system; Caltime, an electronic calendar that never forgets
special dates and appointments; and Joysticks, Touch Pads
and Digitizing the World, a graphics program that shows the
techniques for creating digitized patterns. Plus six additional
programs.
January 1985 — // Is Better To PUT Than To GET, how to
use complementary commands to create graphics; Home
Sweet Home, a graphics program featuring the sights of home
life; The Keyboard Cassette Editing System, a tape utility that
works on BASIC or Extended BASIC to simplify tape com-
mands; Link, a utility that concatenates RAM records and
writes them to tape; DISKTEST, a utility that will check your
disk for errors; A Simple Test Processor, an easy, efficient text
handler; The Interplanetary Fruit Fly, a game that demon-
strates psuedo high resolution graphics on a text screen. Plus
11 additional programs.
TWISTER Ohm/ Electronics recently
introduced their Scooter Model
SP500M monitor stand, the newest
member of the Scooter line of Guard-
It Control Centers. With electrical
power protection built into the base, the
new control center features a locking tilt
and full swivel capabilities. The
SP500M provides five protected and
switchable sockets. The tilt feature
allows the SP500M to be locked at any
tilt angle while still allowing the unit to
swivel. Other features include a master
on/off switch with indicator light and
a resettable circuit breaker. Suggested
retail price is S79.95. Contact Scooter
Products, Ohm/ Electronics. Inc., 746
Vermont Street. Palatine, IL 60067.
(800) 323-2727 (Illinois, call 312-359-
6040).
CLEANING SERVICE New from Net-
worx is Screen Clean, a low-cost clean-
ing system designed to eliminate dust
and static from CRT screens on com-
puter monitors and terminals. A pack-
age of Screen Clean contains 10 sets of
cleaning pads; each set includes a wet
pad and a dry pad. The wet pad is pre-
moistened with an anti-static solution.
The dry pad is a lint-free absorbent
cloth that completes the cleaning pro-
cess and leaves the screen dry and free
of residual static electricity. Screen
Clean is priced at S5.95 each. Contact
Networx, 203 Harrison Place. Brook-
lyn. NY 11237-1587. (718)821-7555.
IDENTITY CRISIS MatheGraphics
Software has announced Trig Identity
Graphs for the CoCo. Trig Identity
Graphs brings a visual dimension to the
subject of trig identities in trigonometry.
With this high resolution graphics
program, the user can explore the
geometric relationships between the
two sides of any trig identity and be able
to see clearly whether a supposed iden-
tity is really valid. Trig Identity Graphs
is available individually on tape or disk
for the Color Computer I, 2 or 3 with
Extended BASIC for S25, or as part of
the Trig Graphs Package from Mathe-
Graphics. The Trig Graphs package
also contains SIN&COS Graphs and is
priced at S40. Contact MatheGraphics
Software. 61 Cedar Road, E. North-
port. NY 11731, (516)368-3781.
HIGH FINANCE Tandy Corporation
has announced that consolidated sales
and operating revenues for the first
quarter of its 1987 fiscal year were
S742.550.000. an increase of 14 percent
over the previous year's sales and oper-
ating revenues of $650,834,000. Net
income for the three months ending
September 30, 1986, rose 5 percent to
43,720,000 from 41,713,000 in the same
quarter of the prior year.
COVER UP? The Cover Craft line of
dust covers from Amherst International
Corporation has been expanded to
include 50 new models. All covers are
anti-static, made with fold stitching and
are guaranteed for the life of the hard-
ware. Among the new additions to the
line are covers for Okidata, Epson,
Citizen and Panasonic printers in ver-
sions which include tractor feed, cut
sheet feed or just plain. Covers retail for
S9.95 to S 1 6.95. Contact Amherst Inter-
national Corporation, 540 North Com-
mercial Street, Manchester, NH 03101.
(800) 547-5600.
FREE CATALOG The new Black Box
Catalog features 52 new products. The
Black Box Catalog provides a source
for items ranging from switches and
cables to modems and data acquisition
devices. For your free copy of the
catalog, write Personal Black Box
Catalog, P.O. Box 12800. Pittsburgh.
PA 15241. (412) 746-5500.
MICRO WARE SPEAKS The follow-
ing is taken from the a recent Micro-
ware Systems Corporation press re-
lease:
The Color Computer 3 combines an
economical, high-performance sys-
tem with an end-user oriented inter-
face. At the nucleus of the machine is
an enhanced version of OS-9 Level II,
providing upward compatibility from
the Color Computer 2 which uses OS-
9 Level I. OS-9 is a real-time, multi-
user, multi-tasking operating system
that is compact, ROMable and pro-
vides a UNIX-style applications en-
vironment. The Color Computer ver-
sion of OS-9 Level II includes a multi-
screen, multi-window environment
that allows several programs to run
simultaneously within different win-
dows. It also has over 30 utility com-
mand programs for system and disk
file control. OS-9 is available from
Tandy for both the 128K and 512K
versions of the Color Computer 3.
Multi-View is an enhanced win-
dowing environment designed specif-
ically for the Color Computer 3. It
gives a common, graphics-based,
user-friendly environment for appli-
cation programs to run under. It
consists of systems support for title
bars, menu bars, pull down menus
and dialog boxes. The graphics shell
allows the user, with the aid of a
mouse, to select picture oriented
commands to process programs and
create windows. Standard desk top
utilities include: Calculator, Cal-
endar/Memo Book, Alarm Clock,
Printer Configuration, Help. Control
Panel and Clipboarding Support.
The Color Computer 3's version of
Color basic, compatible with pre-
vious 64K Extended Color BASIC, has
been enhanced by Microware for
greater control of its new power and
capabilities. Commands added to the
system allow access to all 5I2K of
memory and high resolution graphics.
High resolution text and graphics
screens are outside the basic work-
space and do not use up program
memory space.
A Development Pak. designed to
provide advanced utilities for pro-
gram development, has also been
released by Tandy. Features of the
Development Pak include: a relocat-
able macro assembler and linker, hard
disk driver, RAM disk driver, descrip-
tors, system programmer utilities,
programming support for utilizing the
window environment, plus a screen
editor. r7f\
104
THE RAINBOW January 1987
GREAT COCO III PRODUCTS
SECRETS REVEALED
An introduction to the
Color Computer TX. !!!
Compares differences
between the CoCo l/ll
and the NEW CoCo in.
GIME chip specs
CoCo I/CoCo M. Converter
CoCo M Memory Map
128K/512K RAM Test
$16.95
C III GRAPHICS
It's here! A drawing
program for the CoCo BE
using the new Enhanced
graphic features. Requires
128K CoCoHw/Disk
Analog RGB monitor recommended.
Uses 320x192 graphics
16 of any 64 colors
Save & Load 32K screens
See Dec'86 review
$29.95
$19.95
ELITE WORD-80
The third generation CoCo Word
Processor is here! All the power
of EliteWord plus 40/80 column
DISPLAY FOR THE CoCo III. AVAIL-
ABLE only from Spectrum! $79.95
EliteWord-80 & EliteSpel $99.95
VIDEO DIGITIZER III
25 FRAMES PER SECOND
The fastest CoCo Video Digitizer
EVER (3 XS FASTER THAN DS-69A!)
NOW AVAILABLE FOR THE CoCo III.
Req. 128K CoCo III Disk (w/40
pin "Y" cable or Y-Box) $149.95
51 2K UPGRADE
It's here! The fi rst 51 2K
Upgrade for the CoCo 111 . Easy
installation with a superior
design & AVAILABLE NOW. Uses
(16) PRIME 256K DRAMS - $139.95
512K Upgrade w/o chips - $99.95
RGB ANALOG MONITOR
Our monitor is much more versa-
tile THAN THE TANDY CM-8 ! TAKES
RGB Analog. Color composite &
RGB TTL video. Unlike the CM-8,
PMODE 4 artifact colors don't
show up BLACK & WHITE (thru the
Color Composite input) $299.95
NEW HOT STUFF !!!
All orders plus $3.00 S/H (Foreign $5.00) - COD add $2.00 extra - NYS Residents add Sales Tax
HOWARD BEACH NY 11414
COD ORDER HOT LINE 718-B35-1344
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
SOFT AND HARD WARES FOR
COLORFUL COMPUTING
COMMUNICATION
si
CO LORCOM/E - A complete smart
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COMPUSERVE Starter Kit $14.95
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MODEMS
WORD PROCESSING
TELEWRITER-64 - Three Hi-Res
screens, true lowercase char s
right justify, full screen
editor. Tape $49.95 Disk $59.95
TELEPATCH - A TW-64 enhancer ! ! !
True b lock move, O verstrike &
T SPOOL mode, Type Ahead Buffer
FASTER Disk I/O 64K Disk $19.95
IE
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L!±
|
1 200 BAUD
$129.95**
Hayes compatible! Super for the
DELPHI & CompuServe CoCo Sig!
300/1200 Baud, Auto-dial/answer
** Requires Modem cable .$19.95
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SEIKOSHA
SP-1000A
• 100 cps draft
• 20cpsNLQ
• Friction and Iroclor
• Front panel Controls
• 1.5 K butler
$219.95
PRINTERS
m »""" '"" """" »'P
m
GEMINI Printer -120 cps, tract-
friction feed, NLQ mode, BUFFER
Front Panel Controls! - $249.95
KAMELEON -Low cost Parallel Ptr
Interface! 600/9600 Baud $49.95
PBH- 64 - A combo Parallel Ptr
interface & 64K Print Buffer !
COMPUTE while you PRINT $149.95
KEYBOARDS
MONITORS
RS 26 z 301_6 Low Profile CoCo
Keybd. Fits all CoCoII's, "F" &
TDP-100's WAS ~$~39.95 NOW $19.95
Adapter for D/E CoCoI's - $9.95
m
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eIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
Monitor Stand $24.95
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MONOCHROME
MONITORS
80x24 Hi-Res screens! $99.95
Universal Video Driver - Works
w/all monitors & CoCos!- $29.95
13"~ C0L0R Monitors $169.95
i
*Also accepts COLOR COMPOSITE video input
lor PMODE4 artifact colors which show up
as BLACK 5 WHITE dots on the Tandy CM-81
Works w/Tandy 1000, VCR s & Cameras I I I
SPEEDY COD ORDER HOT LINE - CALL 718-835-1344
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
SOFT AND HARD WARES FOR
COLORFUL COMPUTING
SPREADSHEET
DATA BASE MANAGER
PRO-COLOR FILE - 60 Data Fids,
8 Report Fmts, 4 Screen Fmts,
FAST ML Sort, Global Search,
1020 bytes/record - Disk $49.95
EZ BASE - Maintain inventories,
recipes, etc. Up to 500 records
*/ 15 fields - 32K Disk $29.95
Buy^em **B0TH** for only $69.95
COCO MAX II
Feature packed Hardware and
Software graphics system! ! !
Pul 1-Down menus. Multiple font
styles. Full g raphic editing,
256x192 Joystick input module.
64K Disk $79.95-w/Ycable $99.95
CoCoMax I— 1 1 Dsk Upgrade $19.95
MaxEdit-$19.95 MaxFonts-$64.95
E
DISK DRIVES
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E
=
DOUBLE SIDED
DRIVE
$239.95
Top FD-501 Drive 1 (#26-3131) -
Easy install! (SAVE$60) $139.95
HH
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DISTO PRODUCTS
Su per Ram - 51 2K Ramdisk for
CoCo l/TT7Req Multi-Pak $169.95
0S-9 Software Driver - $24.95
Super Controller - Switch up to
4 DOSs via single POKE! $99.95
Spectrum D0S-$29.95 AD0S-$39.95
Eprom Prgmr - SuperCtlr $69.95*
DISPLAY80 - SuperCtlr $149.95**
*- Uses 2764's ($4.95) or
+ + 27128's ($6.95) Eproms
* *- Includes an 80x24 display.
Real Time Clock
& Printer interface I
IE
GAME CONTROLLERS
a
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
l£
TRACKBALL
$24.95*
Wico Command Adapter - Now you
can hookup 2 Atari type joystks
to your CoCo for only $19.95!
* Reg. $69.95 (See 9/86 review)
n
ill \\\ :\. i -.J--:..*: mm
m
COCO II UPGRADES
'Here comes the ...'
^
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E
=
Want to upgrade your new $69/
$88 CoCo II? (See below ! !)
4464 DRAMs - two chip 64K
upgrade for 26-3134A and 26-
3134B Korean CoCo II 's ..$39.95
Extended BASIC - 28 pin ROM for
26-3134 A/B CoCo II's ...$34.95
Buy 'em BOTH for only - $69.95
=
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SPECTRUM PROJECTS, Inc.
PO BOX 264
HOWARD BEACH, NY 11414
CoCo Club/Dealer
inquiries invited I
Software/Hardware
submissions welcomed I
Looking for CoCo HI software
AH orders plus $3.00 S/H (Foreign $5.00) - COD add $2.00 extra - NYS Residents add Sales Tax
ADVENTURE
Adventure and achievement are
within your grasp when you enter
Success Mansion
By Paul Ruby, Jr.
You arc lying in bed one evening.
As you lie there, you glance over
at the clock on the dresser and
notice that it is after midnight. Your eyes
begin to feel heavy. You are getting sleepy,
very sleepy. You can hardly keep your eyes
open. ZZZZZzzzzzz . . .
That's it! You're sound asleep. In your
slumber, you begin to dream. You are Joe I.
Gonamakit. You live in the small town of
Tinysville. You have heard rumors of the old
man who used to live in the mansion on the
hill. The gossip in town says that he once
stole the 13 scrolls of success from a guru
in India.
You begin to talk in your sleep. You talk
about going in the mansion and retriev-
ing the 13 scrolls. Before you realize
it, someone has overheard your
talk. The rumor spreads like wildfire.
The townspeople begin to laugh and talk
behind your back.
The dream drags on; months seem
to pass. You are still the laughing
stock of the town. As you are wash-
ing pots and pans in the local res-
taurant, you decide you are "sick
and tired of being sick and tired."
You march out of the restau-
rant and head straight for Success
Mansion. When you reach the
Paul Ruby, Jr. is the 22-year-old found-
er of Ruby Software and Consult-
ing. A self-taught programmer,
he installs, customizes and
writes accounting sys-
tems for businesses.
108
THE RAINBOW January 1987
SUPER CHIP -SALE- ...
6821 Standard PIA~8»j3g $6.95
Basic RCM 1.1 Oiip3**s«5: $9.95
6847 VDG ChipSlfrsSSr $12.95
6809E CPU ChipSS^^S: $12.95
CoCo III Multipak - "NEW" PAL chip (For Gray and
White 26-3024 models ONLY) $19.95
Prig SAM Chip (6883) $29.95 $19.95
Basic ROM 1.3 ( Newest version) $19.95
68766 EPROM - (Fits all Basic ROMS) $19.95
Disk ROM 1.1 - (Needed for CoCoIll ) $29.95
New SAM Chip with heatsink (74LS785) $29.95
Ext Basic 1.1 ROM - NEW LOW PRICE $29.95
CoCo First Aid Kit - includes two PIA's, 6809E CPU
and SAM Chips:3»*95" (BE PREPARED) $39.95
EPROM Eraser - 3 minute erasure tijne $49.95
EPROM Programmer - uses 2716s up to 27512 s! Super
fast programmingi - See April '86 review .$149.95
COCO LIBRARY ...
A History of the CoCo / 1980-1986 $3.95
New! 200 MORE Pokes, Peeks 'N Execs $9.95
Basic Programming Tricks Revealed $14 .95
CoCo Memory Map $16.95
500 Pokes, Peeks 'N Execs $16.95
Basic 09 Tour Guide $19.95
Assembly Language Programming $19.95
Color Basic Unraveled $19.95
Extended Basic Unraveled $19.95
Disk Basic (1.0/1.1) Unraveled $19.95
New! New! CoCo II Service Manual (Specify CoCo II
Catalogue model number $24 .95
CoCo III Service Manual $39.95
Official MICROWARE OS9 Manual Set $49.95
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS9 $19.95
Guide with Two Disk Package of demo pgms ...$49.95
Color / Extended / Disk Basic Unraveled - A completely
commented disassembly of the CoCo ROMS ! Comprehen-
sive three (3) Book Set - Save $10! $49.95
MORE GOOD STUFF ...
DELUXE JOYSTICK - SPECIAL - Now only $29.95
Computize "Y" Box - More positive connections than
a "Y" Cable $39.95
PBJ WORDPAK-RS - Newest version!! HiRes 80 x 24
display (See October '86 review) $99.95
Micro Works DS-69A Digitizer $149.95
512K Color Computer III $369.95
All orders plus $3.00 S/H (Foreign $5.00)
COD add $2.00 extra
NYS Residents add Sales Tax
COCO CABLES AND ...
Printer / Modem 15' Extender Cable $14.95
Tired of unplugging devices from your RS232 port?
Try a RS232 "Y" Cable $19.95
Disk Drive Cable (34pin - 34pin) $19.95
Modem Cable - 6ft (DB25-DB25) $19.95
Joystick / Mouse 10' Ext Cable $19.95
Dual Disk Drive Cable (3-34pin) $24.95
CoCo III Analog RGB monitor cable (Specify manu-
facturer and model number) $24 .95
15" Multi-Pak / Rom Pak Extender - Move your Multi-
ROM Paks further away $27.95
40 Pin Dual "Y" Cable - Hook up a Disk with a
Voice Pak, Word Pak, CoCo Max, etc $29.95
Triple RS232 Switcher - Now easily select any one
of three RS232 peripherals $39.95
40 Pin Triple "Y" Cable - Hook up any three (3)
Voice/Word/RS232/Digitizer PAKs $39 .95
Special! Four (4) Drive Disk Cable $49.95
OTHER GOOD STUFF ...
C-10 tapes in any quantity 49 cents
5 1/4 " Diskettes , any quantity 79 cents
0S-9 Quick Reference Guide $3 .95
VHS T-120 Video Tapes $7.95
Rompak w/Blank PC Board 27xx series $9.95
Video Clear - This cable will reduce TV interfer-
ence created by CoCo! $19.95
The Magic Box - Load Mod I/III Basic program tapes
into the CoCo $24.95
DOS Switcher - Select from any two DOSs (Disk 1.0
1.1, JDOS) in a J£M disk controller $29.95
Prig CoCol "D" Rev motherboard . Includes all chips
(SAM, CPU, PIA's, VDG) except RAM and Ext Basic I
Fantastic source for Spare Partsl $39.95
256K RAM Chips (Set of 8) $39.95
CoCo III MONOCHROME Driver! $39.95
HJL-57 Keyboard - CoCo III version! Comes complete
with special FREE Function Key Software ....$59.95
HDS Controller w/1.1 ROM (SAVE$20) $79.95
Amdek Drive System with controller $239 .95
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
PO BOX S64
HOWARD BEACH NY 11414
COD ORDER HOT LINE
718-835-1344
0<HI> COLORFUL UTILITIES <I><MI>
COCO CHECKER*
Something possibly wrong with your CoCo ??? CoCo CHECKER is the answer! ! Will test your ROMs,
RAMs, Disk Drives & Controller, Printer, Keyboard, Cassette, Joysticks, Sound, PIAs, VDG, Internal
Clock Speed, Multi-Pak Interface and more!! 16K TAPE/DISK $21.95 (see Jan '85 Rainbow Review)
MULTI-PAK CRAK
Save ROM PAKs to your 64K Disk system using the RS Multi-Pak Interface. Eliminate constant
plugging in of ROMPAKs now by keeping all your PAK software on disk . Includes POKEs for
" PROBLEM " ROMPAKs- including the NEW J6K PAKS! (Demon Attack.Dragons Lair,etc) 64K DISK $24.95
TELEPATCH III
the FEATURES of TELEPATCH plus the classically proportioned characters of the WIZARD with
TRUE lowercase! Now CoCo III compatible! (Upgrade $15 w/ proof of purchase) $29.95
SPIT N IMAGE
A super upgrade from Disk Omni Clone! Back everything up! This amazing program handles " non
standard " disks with ease. We haven't found any disk yet that it can't handle. Don't ever be caught
without a backup again! Lowest price too! Beats most "copy protection " programs! 32K DISK $34.95
COCO SCREEN DUMP
The best screen dump program for the Panasonic , Epson & Gemini printers ever! Have the option of
standard or reverse images w/regular or double sized proportional pictures. 600-9600 Baud too! A
must for Graph icom and CoCo Calendar users. 16K TAPE/DISK $21.95 (see Nov '84 Rainbow Review)
DISK UTILITY 2.1 A*
A multi-featured tool for USER FRIENDLY disk handling. Utilize a directory window to selectively
sort, move, rename and kill file entries. Lightning fast Disk I/O for format, copy and backup.
Examine contents of files, the Granule Table, plus the size, load addresses and entry points of all
programs. Single command execution of both Basic and ML programs. 32K/64K DISK $29.95 Now also
CoCo III compatible! Upgrade only $15 w/ proof of purchase , (see Oct'84 Rainbow Review)
SPECTRUM FONT GENERATOR
Now you can write files using any CoCo Word Processor (Telewriter-64, VIP Writer, etc.) and convert
them to special Highly Detailed character sets ! Some of the character sets supported are Italics ,
Old English , Futuristic and Block . A character set editor is included to create custom sets or
modify existing ones! Supports most dot - matrix printers! DISK $29.95 (see Dec '85 Rainbow Review)
SPECTRUM COS
Add 24 NEW Disk commands with 2 Hi -Res screens! Supports 40 track & Double -Sided drives, 6 ms
stepping, auto disk search, error trapping & " EPROMABLE ". 64K DISK:$4»ies:New LOW price!! $29.95
SCHEMATIC DRAFTING PROCESSOR
Save time and design pro looking diagrams using a 480X540 pixel worksheet w/6 viewing windows .
Over 30 electronic symbols w/10 definable symbols . (Even Logic gates & Multipin chips!) Print hard
copy and save to disk. 64K DISK 5A&&S. New LOW price!!! $29.95 (see Jan '84 Rainbow Review)
m
THE MEMORY MANAGER
Now you can use the SECOND 32K memory bank of your 64K CoCo as a SUPERFAST Ramdisk ! Also
CHAIN a long Basic program from the first bank into the second or LOAD Basic programs into both
32K banks and RUN from either bank! USER FRIENDLY & completely MENU DRIVEN. 64K DISK $29.95
COCO CHECKBOOK
Use your CoCo to keep track of your checking and savings accounts! Printout individual personal
checks! 32K/64K TAPE $19.95 DISK $29.95 (see April'85 pg. 210 & Oct'85 pg. 197 Rainbow Reviews)
*#
THE ULTIMATE GRAPHIC ADVENTURE
Wizard's Castle is a graphic adventure game with deadly creatures , magic spells and traps of all
types which are RANDOMIZED at the beginning of each session so that no 2 adventures will be the
same! REAL TIME ACTION keeps the game's characters interacting even though you may be waiting to
make a move. Includes three skill levels, 60 Hi-Res screens & Game Save Feature. 64K DISK $24.95
BUY ANY 5 PROGRAMS *NOW AVAILABLE BY EXPRESS ORDER AT
GET A DOUBLE SttED YOUR LOCAL RADIO SHACK STORE!!!
DRIVE B FOR $199.95 ASK TO SEE THE RADIO SHACK
NO OTHER DISCOUNTS CAN BE APPLIED DEMO DISKS - FC+0249 & FO*0919!!I
-<M> COLORFUL UTILITIES <»<»<&•
m
COCO GRAPHIC DESIGNER
Create custom greetings for any occasion: Birthdays, Anniversaries, Holidays, etc. Also BANNERS &
SIGNS ! Includes " GRABBER " utility - capture Hi -Res CoCo screens for your GRAPHIC LIBRARY! Easy
to use & comes with a set of pre-drawn graphics. Includes a screen & font editor. 32K DISK $29.95
COCO VIDEO TITLER
Start your VCR tapes with dazzling title frames followed by professional countdown to black fade-
outs! Use a title page editor with several sizes of text & background colors ! 32K DISK $24.95
^(gfr VIP WRITER ENHANCER
Make all your programs that use ASCII files ( TW-64 , Mikeyterm , etc.) compatible with VIP WRITER
files! Automatically fixes TEXT CASE and CONTROL CHARACTER problems. DISK INTRO PRICE $19.95
64K DISK UTILITY PACKAGE
Take advantage of an expanded 64K machine. Make an additional 8K of RAM available by relocating
the Ext Basic ROM from $8000 to $~D8"00. Copy ROMPAKS to disk (even ""protected" PAKS) and create
a 32K SPOOL buffer for printing. DISK $24.95 (see July '83 Rainbow Review)
TAPE/DISK UTILITY
A powerful package that transfers tape to disk and disk to tape automatically. Does an automatic
copy of an entire disk of programs to tape. Ideal for Rainbow On Tape to disk. Also copies tape to
tape & prints tape & disk directories. TAPE/DISK $24.95 (see Sept '83 Rainbow Review)
SUPER DUPER UTILITIES
inally! At last! A "SUPER DUPER" utility software package all rolled up into ONE!!! Includes such
great utilities as: CoCo Disk Zap, Disk Encryption, Disk Mailing List, EZ Disk Master, Graphics
ZOOM, Banner Creator, Function KEYS, Super INPUT/LINEINPUT, Basic Program PACKER, Alpha
Directory, Basic SEARCH and much, much more!!! 32K DISK $29.95 (see June '86 Rainbow Review)
^^ COCO III UTILITIES
aJS*^ It's here! Just in time! Some neat utility programs for your brand new Color Computer III!
includes a CoCo II to CoCo III converter program, 32K Hi-Res screen saver, simple 40/80 column
Word Processor, RAM tester, DEMO BALL generator, SMOOTH scrolling demos. 128K DISK $21.95
THE OS-9 SOLUTION
NOW, a program that creates a " USER FRIENDLY " environment within OS-9! The OS-9 SOLUTION
replaces 19 of the old " USER HOSTILE " commands with single keystroke, menu driven commands. No
more typing in complex long pathnames or remembering complicated syntaxes! Set all XMODE
parameters at the touch of keys!J$39s85TNew LOW price!!! $24.95 (see Sept '85 Rainbow Review)
COCO-UTIL II
Now you can have the power to easily transfer Radio Shack Color Computer disk files to your MS-
DOS machine - including the Tandy 1000 & IBM PC!!! You can also transfer MS-DOS files to your
CoCo disk, even format CoCo disks! CoCo-Util will save you countless hours of retyping ! No need to
move your computer or printer anymore! Requires 128K MS-DOS computer w/2 disk drives - $39.95
■»-+- SOFTWARE BONANZA PACKAGE -4-C
reate an instant library of Spectrum Projects TOP Colorful Utility software. Select any of the
following Jj? programs to customize your own SPECTACULAR SOFTWARE BONANZA ! CoCo Checker,
Multi-Pak Crak, CoCo Screen Dump, Disk Utility 2.1, Spectrum Font Generator, Tape/Disk Utility,
Fast Dupe II, 64K Disk Utility, Spectrum DOS, CoCo Calendar, Schematic Drafting Processor, OS-9
Solution, Basic Plus, EZ Base or Blackjack Royale (a $300 plus value) for only $99.95!!!
#*
MIKEY-DIAL
When used with any Hayes compatible modem & Deluxe Program Pak , adds to Mikeyterm 4.0 the
ability to Autodial 22 numbers from a menu & load a set of 3 M ACROS for each directory choice.
Also EASY redial & changing of MODEM settings by command menu. DISK $19.95 (See Dec '86 Review)
All orders plus $3 S/H (Foreign $5)
COD add $2 extra
NYS Residents add Sales Tax
COD ORDER LINE 718-835-1344
SPECTRUM PROJECTS INC
PO BOX 264
HOWARD BEACH NY 11414
Recommended Reading for Your CoCo from . . .
The Rainbow Bookshelf
i-L«*
ed
f®%
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9
The book that demystifies the state-of-the-art operating system lor
the Tandy Color Computer. Authors Dale L. Puckett and Peter Dibble
show you how to take advantage ol OS-9's multitasking and multi-
user features, and the capability of redirecting input and output
commands at will. An easy-to-read, step-by-slep guide packed with
hints and tips, tutorials and free software in the form of program
listings.
Book $19.95
Disk Package $31 (2 disks, book not included)
The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures
This sequel features 24 of the most challenging Adventure games
ever compiled. Meet the Beatles and battle the Blue Meanies, find
a hidden fortune, or win the heart of a beautiful and mysterious
princess. Experience the thrills and chills of the most rugged
Adventurer without ever leaving your seat. Ring Quest, Secret Agent
Man, Dark Castle, Curse of Karos, island and more!
Book $13.95, Tape $13.95
The Rainbow Book of Simulations
Features 20 award-winning entries from the rainbow's first
Simulation programming competition. You are the Commander-in-
Chief of the Confederate Army during the Civil War, an air traffic
controller at one of the nation's busiest airports, the owner of your
own software business, a civil defense coordinator in charge of
saving Rainbow City from a raging flood, a scientist conducting
experiments on Mars . . . Your wits are on the line.
Book $9.95, Tape $9.95
The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations
The 16 winning programs from our second Simulation contest. Fly through the dense African
jungle as a bush pilot, bull your way down Wall Street, lead the Rainbow City bomb squad,
or try your hand at Olympic events. Test your skills and talents.
Book $9.95. Tape $9,95, Disk $10.95
Coming Soon: The Rainbow Introductory Guide to Statistics
I want to start my own Rainbow Bookshelf!
Please send me:
□ The Rainbow Book of Simulations $ 9.95
□ Rainbow Simulations Tape $ 9.95
□ The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations $ 9.95
D Second Rainbow Simulations Tape $ 9.95
D Second Rainbow Simulations Disk $10.95
D The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9 |t»okoniy| $1 9.95
D Rainbow Guide to OS-9 Disk Package |2oisks) $31.00
D The Rainbow Book of Adventures (first) $ 3.50 Jl^&
D Rainbow Adventures Tape (first) $ 3.50 _£J£5^
D The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures $13.95
D Second Rainbow Adventures Tape $13.95
Add $1.50 per book Shipping and Handling in U.S.
Outside U.S., add $4.00 per book
Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax
(Allow 6 to 8 weeks lor delivery) Total
Name
Address
City
State
ZIP
□ Payment Enclosed, or □ Charge to:
□ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Card Expiration Date
Signature
Mail to: Rainbow Bookshelf, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059.
Pimm nolu The tapes ana disks ollered by The Rainbow Bookshell no noi sund-alone products. Thai is, uwy ara inuiulod to be an adjunct and complement 10 me books E.on il you buy Ihe tape or disk,
you mil urn naM Ita appropriate boot. OS-B* is a registered trademark ol <nu Micravaro Systems Corporation.
To order by phone (credit card orders only) cal
228-4492.
(800) 847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST. For other inquiries call (502)
doorstep you begin to have second
thoughts. You remember the rumors of
the mansion being haunted.
As you turn to walk away, you realize
the entire town has followed you to the
doorstep of the mansion. The people
begin to laugh at you and dare you to
go in. You know if you walk away now,
you will never hear the end of it. Your
pride is at stake. You decide to show
everyone that you can retrieve the 13
scrolls, or your name isn't Joe I. Gon-
amakit!
Success Mansion is a beginner's
Adventure program, that has been
designed to progress into a real life
adventure. It requires a 32K Color
Computer, and either a cassette re-
corder or one disk drive. (Multipack
interface and speech/ sound cartridge
are optional.) The mansion contains 13
scrolls listing principles of success,
which are used by millionaires across
the country.
Your goal in the Adventure is to
retrieve the 13 scrolls and exit the
mansion. While retrieving the scrolls,
you will discover other items in the
mansion. Examine the items and find
them in the real world. Answer the
Success Quiz if you can. Try to apply
the information you have learned to
your life. That is when the real Adven-
ture begins.
The program plays like most other
text Adventure programs. First, it
displays a description of your surround-
ings. Then, it prompts you for a com-
mand, which is composed of one verb
followed by a noun. The program will
not allow any abbreviations for com-
mands. (Can you figure out the princi-
ple behind that?)
Moving in the Mansion
To move through the mansion, you
will need to type a verb — either WALK,
RUN or GO, followed by a direction. The
direction must be either NORTH, SOUTH,
EAST, WEST, UP or DOWN. The descrip-
tion, displayed by the program, will list
the valid directions that you may use.
Example: WALK NORTH
Looking Around
The program will also list objects that
are in the room with you. When there
are objects in the room with you, you
may want to look at some of them.
Typing the verb LOOK by itself, for a
command, displays the room descrip-
tion.
Example: LOOK DOOR
Picking Up Objects
Some of the objects in the mansion
may be picked up. To pick up an object,
simply type the verb GET followed by
the name of the object you want to pick
up.
Example: GET BOOK
Taking Inventory
As you explore the mansion, you may
forget what you are carrying. To list the
objects you are carrying, type the com-
mand INVENTORY by itself.
Getting A Little Help
If you are having difficulty when you
start, try typing the command HELP.
Quitting the Adventure
Should you desire to quit the Adven-
ture before finishing it, you can quit by
typing the command QUIT.
Saving an Adventure
If you do not have time to complete
the Adventure during one sitting, you
can save it to tape or disk. To save the
Adventure, simply type the command
SAVE. The program will then prompt
you for the device to save the Adventure
on (tape or disk). If the Adventure is to
be saved on tape, put the desired tape
in the recorder and press the play and
record buttons.
Loading an Adventure
To load a previously saved Adven-
ture, with the present Adventure in
memory, simply type the command
LOAD by itself. The program will then
prompt you for the device to load the
Adventure from (tape or disk). If the
Adventure is saved on tape, make sure
the correct tape is in the recorder and
press the play button. If the Adventure
is saved on disk, make sure the correct
disk is in the disk drive.
Talking or Non-talking
If you have the Speech/ Sound Pro-
gram Pak from Radio Shack, this Ad-
venture will talk to you.
During the Adventure, you may want
to either turn the talking routine on or
off. To turn the talking routine on, type
the command TALK ON. To turn the
talking routine off, type the command
TALK OFF.
Beware the BREAK Key
Should you press the BREAK key by
mistake, you can continue the Adven-
ture where you left off by typing the
command CONT and pressing ENTER.
Hint
Be sure to write down the things you
LOWEST CONTROLLER PRICE EVER! The New JFD-EC, Only $75
NOW COCO 3 Compatible*
JFD-EC DISK CONTROLLER JFD-CP DISK CONTROLLER
The JFD-EConomical controller combines the bcsl features of
| the original JFD-COCO
with the two switchahlc
ROM sockets, fully buf-
fered data lines, and Mcm-
orv Minder in ROM. The
IFD-EC replaces the JFD-
COCO in our product line
at an even lower price.
The controller includes
JDOS. Memory Minder in
NEW TERMS
One-vcar warranty
in parti fi laboi
l«)M. and the JDOS manual
JFD-EC Disk Conlroltal with JDOS
IFD-EC Disk Controller wNhRSDOSt
For both add $20 additjnn.il
$75
$75
money hack guarantee [except Nlnpnnit!l rf not
totally satisfied. Items muil he relumed tn like new
condition.
free shfrppbifl via UPS in continental United Statu
for payment by visa MasterCard, tn
check. COD requires I OH prepayment hy bank
card phu 3*1 snipping Blue ubd and foreijpi
shipping extra
<//A
I ■
Ooi new .IKD-CI*. compatible with both the original COCO and
Hie COCO 2, feature! .1
parallel pert l<» support a
Centronics compatible
printer or our hard drive,
and an external ROM
switch, which allows you
to select JDOS or an op-
tional RS DOS-type ROM.
It comes in a case and in-
cludes JDOS 1 .2 and man-
ual JDOS Implements all RS DOS commands, plus many more,
including UitO line numbering, error trapping, baud rate selec-
tion. OS/9 boot from floppy or hard drive, and Memory Minder,
our disk drive analysis program (Precision Alignment Disk not
included),
JRl-CI' Disk Controller with JDOS 1139
II 11 il' Disk Controller with RSDOS1 I $139
!•'..< both add $20 additional
JAM SYSTEMS, LTD.
1 5 1 OO-A CENTRAL SOUTHEAST
ALBUQUERQUE. NM 87123
505/292-4182
\\ e M CI 1" MuU i'-'ard and Visa
•JFD-EC The JFD-EC, our n.w.1 controller, aMbiU mi compatibility problems with tin COCO 1 IMM. RSDOS 1.1 In the JFD-EC user) »lll have complete access i" the new cjoabfltto 1* the COCO :t
•JFD-CP The IPD-CP eontrouei is compatible with the COCO 3, howewr the parallel port will not iuncllsn with the COCO 3 Users of the .n-'ii-i IP and COCO 3 should ml connect anything i" the parallel
printer port.
The JDOS tli<i< operatinB system wtH yteld unpredictable results when used on a COCO :i, it is recommended 1i1.1i Jims not be used on the COCO & Radio Shack mis (vers. 1.0 or 1.11 will work in jII
)SM 1 rollers
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 113
WE'RE BRINGING THE COCO
RAINBOW'S
BROADENING ITS
SPECTRUM
the rainbow and the Delphi Infor-
mation Utility have joined together
to allow CoCo owners all over the
world to connect with one another!
Delphi is a full-service information
utility. It offers everything from up-
to-the-minute news stories from The
Associated Press to electronic mail
services. But, best of all, it now has
a special forum for Color Computer
owners, and it's operated by the
people who bring you the rainbow
each month.
The CoCo Special Interest Group
(SIG) features a variety of services,
including an open forum where you
can send and receive messages
from Color Computer owners all
over the world. It also has several
databases to which you can upload
your favorite programs and from
which you can download programs
written by other CoCo enthusiasts.
Some of these databases are basic
programming, OS-9 and home ap-
plications.
When setting up your account with
Delphi, if you do not have a credit
card or prefer not to use it, Delphi
requires that you send $20 to give
youraccounta positive balance. This
will be refunded after your first free
hour if you choose to no longer use
the system or it will be applied to
future connect charges. If you do not
maintain a positive balance, you will
be charged $3.50 each month for
direct billing.
PEEK INTO THE
RAINBOW
The CoCo SIG's conference feature
allows you to meet electronically
with other members of the CoCo
Community. You can join conferen-
ces with notables such as Dale
Puckett, Cray Augsburg, Marty
Goodman, Don Hutchison, Jim
Reed, Lonnie Falk and others —
on a regular basis. Conference
schedules will appear in the rain-
bow each month. Be sure to check
online announcements for changes
and additions.
THE OTHER SIDE
OF THE RAINBOW
On Delphi, you also are able to buy
rainbow on tape — order a whole
set, or download an individual pro-
gram immediately. You can also
renew your rainbow subscription,
make a fast and easy order for soft-
ware or hardware from a multitude
of vendors, or inquire about prod-
ucts on the CoCo SIG.
We also have a number of programs
that you can download and use, just
for the cost of the time you spend
transferring them. There'll also be
corrections for rainbow articles,
helpful hints and many other useful
features.
FREE LIFETIME
MEMBERSHIP
the rainbow is offering subscribers
a free lifetime subscription to Delphi
— a $24.95 value — and a free hour
of connect time — a $7.20 value at
either 300, 1200 or 2400 Baud — so
you can sample Delphi and the rain-
bow CoCo SIG. That's right. Your
subscription to the rainbow entitles
you to this $32.15 value as a free
bonus!
If you're not a rainbow subscriber,
just enter your order when you sign
on with Delphi and you'll get the
same great deal! For our $31 sub-
scription fee, you'll get the finest
Color Computer magazine ever, a
free lifetime subscription to Delphi
and a free hour of connect time.
SAVE EVEN MORE
Want to save even more? While
you're online you can order, for only
$29.95, a deluxe package which in-
cludes the Delphi membership, the
Delphi Handbook and Command
Card ($21.95) and a total of three
hours of connect time ($21.60).
Delphi provides us all with Imme-
diate CoCo Community. Check it
out today. After all, you can sample
it for free!
Problems? Call Delphi:
(800) 544-4005
(617)491-3393
DELPHI
TYPE:
GROUP COCO
COMMUNITY TOGETHER
How to reach RAINBOW'S Color Computer SIG . . .
There are several ways to connect to Delphi and THE
rainbow's CoCo SIG. In most cities you will not even have
to pay long distance charges; you can use special data
communications networks like Telenet, Tymnet and the
Canadian Datapac network.
First, set your terminal program to operate at either 300
or 1200 Baud (depending on the modem you have), and
also select either 7 bits with even parity or 8 bits with no
parity, and one stop bit. (If one combination doesn't work,
try another.)
Decide which network you should use. There is no
surcharge for Telenet or Tymnet. Canadian residents using
Datapac will be charged an additional $12 (U.S.) per hour.
On Telenet: The Uninet network has now merged with
Telenet. To get the Telenet number for your area, call (800)
336-0437. After you call your local access number and
make connection, press the ENTER key twice. When the
"TERMINAL=" prompt appears, press ENTER again.
When the "@" prompt appears, type C DELPHI and press
ENTER.
On Tymnet: Call (800) 336-0149 to get the Tymnet
number for your area. After you dial your designated
number and connect, you will see either "garbage" or a
message saying "please type your terminal identifier." At
this point, even if the screen is garbled, simply press 'A'.
When "please log in:" appears, type DELPHI and press
ENTER.
From Canada (on Datapac): Call Delphi Customer
Service at (617) 491-3393 to get the Datapac number for
your area. After you connect, press the period key (.) and
ENTER (use two periods if you're using 1200 Baud). Type
SET 2:1, 3:12G and press ENTER. Now type p 1 310G,
DELPHI ; and press enter. Delphi's new rates indicate an
additional $12 hourly surcharge for evening use of
Datapac, which means a total of $18 (U.S.) for connect
time.
From other countries: Many countries have their own
data networks that can connect to either Telenet or
Tymnet. Check with the telephone authorities in your
country for details on how to sign up for this service. When
you have an account set up, you can reach Delphi with
a "host code" of 312561703088 through Telenet, or
310600601500 through Tymnet. (You'll have to pay the toll
charges for this connection.)
Type in Your Username
If you're already a subscriber to THE RAINBOW, at the
"USERNAME:" prompt, type RAINBOWSUB and press
ENTER. At the "PASSWORD:" prompt, type your individ-
ual subscription number from the mailing label of your
latest issue of the rainbow. (If there are one or more zeros
at the beginning of this number, include them.)
If you don't already have a subscription, at the "USER-
NAME:" prompt, type RftlNBOWORDER and press ENTER.
At the "PASSWORD:" prompt, type SENDSUB and press
ENTER. Have your MasterCard, VISA or American
Express card ready, because you'll be led through a series
of questions that will enable us to put your rainbow and
Delphi subscriptions into effect. In an effort to hold down
non-editorial costs, we do not bill for subscriptions.
If you make a typing error, just press ENTER and start
over. Remember that at any point, when you're on Delphi,
you can type HELP to get help on how to use the system.
To get off the system just type BYE.
If you find that you're unable to log on to Delphi and
enter the CoCo SIG after following these instructions, call
us during afternoon business hours at (502) 228-4492. We'll
be glad to offer assistance.
Come Visit Us! Type: GROUP COCO
After you sign in, you'll be prompted to set up your own,
personal "user name" — Delphi is a friendly service, no
numbers to remember — and you'll be asked a number
of questions so Delphi can set up your account. You'll also
be assigned a temporary password. No time is assessed
against your free hour of service while you answer these
questions.
Delphi will tell you that your account will be ready after
6 p.m. the same day if you sign up before noon (Eastern
time zone.) If not, your account will be ready at 6 p.m.
the next day. Once an account is opened, each rainbow
subscriber will be credited with an hour of free time!
When you log back in, use your chosen username and
your temporary password to access the system. At that
point, you will meet Max, who will help you configure
things and will change your temporary password into
your own personal password. This is the password you
will use for subsequent sessions — or until you change it.
After Max bids you goodbye, you'll wind up at the
Delphi Main Menu; type in GRDUP COCO and join us on
the CoCo SIG!
More than a book . . .
A MILESTONE
Tod use short modules of
readab d complex programs. The
OS-9 evel
languac
OS-9 h£
need a
as The C
show yoij
potential
implerrr
philoso_
Co-auth
Dibble -!
9 — TheX
demysti
gives th
flexibili'
on the r
confide;
With The
you will
the mu!
standar
For o
Iso Available!
'ainbow Guide To OS-9 Disk. An
□ Please send me The
Complete Rainbow Guide To
OS-9 for $19.95.*
D Please send me The Rainbow
Guide To OS-9 Disk (a
package of two disks) for
$31.* Does not include book.
Name
Signature
Address
City
State
ZIP.
□ My check in the amount of
is enclosed.
VISA'
MoilefCord :
_Card Expiration Date
□ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Mail to:
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059
To order by phone (credit card orders only) call 800-847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST.
For other inquiries call 502-228-4492.
"Add $1.50 per book shipping and handling in U.S. Outside U.S. add $4 per book. Allow 6-8 weeks for delivery. KY residents
add 5% sales tax. In order to hold down costs, we do not bill. ALL ORDERS IN U.S. FUNDS.
OS-9 is a trademark of Microware Systems Corporation.
Success
Ql: Why must you type GD, WRLK or
RUN followed by a direction to move
through the mansion?
Q2: Why must you exit the mansion
with the 13 scrolls?
Q3: Why has the program been writ-
ten in BASIC instead of machine lan-
guage?
Q4: What is written on the following
scrolls:
A: SCROLL!
B: SCROLL2
C: SCROLLS
D: SCROLL4
E: SCROLL5
F: SCROLL6
G: SCROLL7
Quiz
H: SCROLL8
I: SCROLL9
J: SCROLL10
K: SCROLLI1
L: SCROLL12
M:SCROLLI3
Q5: Of all the objects in the mansion,
which item contains the detailed de-
scription of each of the principles on
each scroll?
Q6: List the title of each book on the
suggested reading list:
A:
B:
C:
D:
find and any observations you make.
Loading the Program From Cassette
1. Type the command: PCLEflR 1
2. Type the command: CLORD
3. Type the command: RUN
Loading the Program From Disk
1. Type the command: PCLEfiR 1
2. Type the command: LOAD
"SUCCESS"
3. Type the command: RUN
Enjoy your success!
(Questions about this program may
be addressed to Mr. Ruby at Route 3
Box 21, Beeville. TX 78102; 512-358-
8819. Please enclose an SASE when
writing.) □
V
2310 ..
....89
'no...
...253
1360 ..
...33
2410 ..
...210
250
....92
1500 . .
...199
2480 . .
...28
420 .. .
...147
1590 . .
...165
2520 . .
...126
530 .. .
...147
1680 ..
...215
2620 . .
...237
680
....50
1740 . .
...112
2690 . .
....42
810 ...
...187
1830 ..
1
2790 . .
...114
970 ...
...121
1900 . .
...233
2850 . .
.228
1050 ..
. . .231
1990 ..
...255
2910 ..
....44
1140 ..
...250
2060 . .
...178
3000 . .
..183
1210 ..
....76
2140 . .
...148
3150 ..
....72
1290 . .
...200
2220 . .
...245
END ..
..169
The listing: SUCCESS
10 FILES 1,255: CLEAR 1024
20 CLS(RND(8)) : PRINT@169 , "SUCCES
S MANSION"; :PRINT§2 2 7 , "WRITTEN B
Y : PAUL RUBY JR.";
30 REM
40 PRINT@296, "COPYRIGHT (C) 1986
" ; : PLAY"T255 ;L255 ;V31" : FOR A=lTO
31:PLAY"AGCDGEDAGAV-" :NEXT
42 PRINT@448, "TALKING ADVENTURE
(Y/N)?";
44 Z$=INKEY$:IF Z$="Y"OR Z$="y"T
HENTK=1ELSE IF Z$="N"OR Z$="n"TH
ENTK=0ELSE 44
46 PRINT@448,STRING$(32,PEEK(102
4));
50 Z1$="SUCCESS MANSION. WRITTEN
BY PAUL RUBY JUNIOR. COPYRIGHT
9TEEN 8EESIX":GOSUB3100
60 IF TK=lTHENFOR Z=1TO5500 : NEXT
70 PRINT@489,"<PRESS ANY KEY>" ;
80 Z1$="PRESS ANY KEE TO CONTINU
E":GOSUB3100
90 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 90 EL
SE CLS(RND(8))
100 IFTK=1THENPRINT@168,"0NE MOM
ENT PLEASE"; :Z1$="1 MOMENT PLEAS
E" : GOSUB3100:FOR Z=1TO1900 :NEXT:
FOR Z=1TO20:SOUNDRND(255) ,1:NEXT
:FOR Z=1TO1000:NEXT:Z1$="HELLO J
OE" : GOSUB3 100 : FORZ=1TO1500 : NEXT
110 CLSRND(8) :PRINT§165,"THE ADV
ENTURE BEGINS !!!";: Z1$="THE ADVE
NTURE BEGINS" : GOSUB 3100
120 DIM L$(35) ,LO$(32) ,0$(32) ,C$
(25) ,T(6,34),C(25),0(32) ,T$(6),T
L$(6)
130 FOR C=l TO 34: READ L$(C):NEX
T
140 FOR C=l TO 31:READ LO$(C),0$
(C) ,0(C) :NEXT
150 FOR C=l TO 34:READ T(1,C),T(
2,C),T(3,C),T(4,C) ,T(5,C),T(6,C)
:NEXT
160 T$(l)="NORTH":T$(2)="SOUTH" :
T$(3)="EAST":T$(4)="WEST":T$(5)=
"UP":T$(6)="DOWN"
170 FOR C=l TO 22:READ C$(C),C(C
) :NEXT
180 L=1:M=0
190 CLS: PRINT §480
200 Z$="YOU ARE "+L$(L)+" "
210 Z$=Z$+"YOU SEE "
220 FL=0
230 FOR C=l TO 31: IF O(C) =L THEN
240 ELSE 270
240 IF FL=0 THEN Z$=Z$+"A "+LO$ (
C) ELSE Z$=Z$+", "+LO$(C)
250 IF LEN(Z$)>32 THEN GOSUB 301
9>
2 60
270
280
OUT
290
300
310
320
FL=FL+1
NEXT
IF FL=0 THEN Z$=Z$+"NOTHING
OF THE ORDINARY"
Z$=Z$+". "
Z$=Z$+ "OBVIOUS EXITS LEAD "
FL=0
FOR C=l TO 6: IF T(C,L)>0 THE
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 117
N 330 ELSE 3 60
330 IF FL=0 THEN Z$=Z$+T$(C) ELS
E Z$=Z$+", "+T$(C)
340 IF LEN(Z$)>32 THEN GOSUB 301
35 FL=FL+1
3 60 NEXT:Z$=Z$+" . "
370 IF T(1,L)<0 AND T(l,L)>-3 TH
EN Z$=Z$+"TO THE NORTH IS A CLOS
ED DOOR. "
380 IF T(2,L)<0 AND T(2,L)>-3 TH
EN Z$=Z$+"TO THE SOUTH IS A CLOS
ED DOOR. "
390 IF T(3,L)<0 AND T(3,L)>-3 TH
EN Z$=Z$+"TO THE EAST IS A CLOSE
D DOOR. "
400 IF T(4,L)<0 AND T(4,L)>-3 TH
EN Z$=Z$+"TO THE WEST IS A CLOSE
D DOOR. "
410 IF T(3,L)=-3 THEN Z$=Z$+"TO
THE EAST IS A CLOSED METAL PANEL
ii
420 IF T(4,L)=-3 THEN Z$=Z$+"TO
THE WEST IS A CLOSED METAL PANEL
ii
.
430 Z=RND(1000) : IF Z>950 THEN Z$
=Z$+" YOU CAN HEAR THE PEOPLE ST
ILL LAUGHING AT YOU OUT SIDE. "
440 IF Z>900 AND ZO50THEN Z$=Z$
+" THE TOWNS PEOPLE STILL LAUGH
AT YOUR ADVENTURE. »
450 IF Z<50 THEN Z$=Z$+" YOU REM
INISCE OF YOUR BEST FRIENDS LAUG
HING AT YOUR TALK OF SUCCESS. "
460 IF LEN(Z$)>32 THEN GOSUB 301
470 IF Z$<>""THEN PRINT Z$:Z1$=Z
$:Z$="" :GOSUB3100
480 PRINT@0,"total moves: ";STR$(
M) :PRINT@480, ,,M ; : LINE INPUT "=>"
;A$
490 A4$="":IF A$="" THEN 480
500 FOR C=l TO LEN(A$) :A3$=MID$(
A$,C,1):IF ASC(A3$)>96 AND ASC(A
3$)<122 THEN A4$=A4$+CHR$ (ASC (A3
$)-32) ELSE A4$=A4$+A3$
510 NEXT:A$=A4$
515 IF INSTR(A$,"TALK ON")THENTK
=1 : GOTO480 : ELSEIFINSTR ( A$ , "TALK
OFF" ) THENTK=0 : GOT04 80
520 M=M+1
530 WN=0:FOR C=19 TO 31: IF 0(C) <
1000 THEN WN=1 ELSE NEXT
540 IF WN=0 THEN T (2,1) =999
550 IF L=l OR L=3 OR L=6 OR L=7
OR L=14 OR L=15 OR L=30 OR L=31
THEN DT=1
560 FOR C=l TO 6: IF T(C,L)<0 THE
N DT=2 ELSE NEXT
570 FOR C=l TO 6: IF T(C,L)<-1 TH
EN DT=3 ELSE NEXT
580 FOR C=l TO LEN(A$):IF MID$ (A
$,0,1)=" " THEN A1$=LEFT$(A$,C-1
) :B$=MID$(A$,C+1,LEN(A$)-C) : GOTO
600 ELSE NEXT
590 A1$=A$
600 FOR C=l TO 22
610 IF C$(C)=A1$ THEN A=C(C):GOT
0640
620 NEXT
630 Z$="I DO NOT UNDERSTAND THE
VERB IN YOUR COMMAND. PLEASE TRY
ANOTHER COMMAND. ": GOSUB30 10: GOT
0430
640 FL=0:IF INSTR(B$+" "," DESK
»)THEN B1$="DESK":FL=1
650 IF INSTR(B$+" " , " HUTCH ")TH
EN B1$="HUTCH" :FL=1
660 IF INSTR(B$+" "," TABLE " ) TH
EN B1$="TABLE":FL=1
670 IF INSTR(B$+" »," BOOKSHELF
")THEN B1$="B00KSHELF":FL=1
680 IF INSTR(B$+" "," STATUE ")T
HEN B1$="STATUE":FL=1
690 IF INSTR(B$+" "," MAT ")THEN
B1$="MAT" :FL=1
700 IF INSTR(B$+" " , " KEY » ) THEN
B1$="KEY":FL=1
710 IF INSTR(B$+" " , " SCROLL ")T
HEN B1$="SCR0LL":FL=1
720 IF INSTR(B$+" " , " DOOR " ) THE
N B1$="D00R" :FL=1
7 30 IF INSTR(B$+" "," PANEL " ) TH
EN B1$="PANEL":FL=1
740 IF FL=1 THEN B$=B1$
750 FOR C=l TO 31: IF INSTR(B$+"
"," "+0$(C)+" ") THEN B$=0$(C)
7 60 NEXT
770 FOR C=l TO LEN(B$):IF MID$(B
$,C,1)=" " THEN B1$=LEFT$(B$,C-1
) ELSE NEXT
780 IF B1$="A" OR B1$="THE" OR B
1$="AT"0R B1$="T0"THEN B$=MID$(B
$ , C+l , LEN (B$ ) -C) : Bl$=" " : GOTO770
790 ON A GOTO 810,930,1360,1450,
1550,1640,1790,1970,2210,2370,24
20,2470,2520,2560
800 ' INVENTORY
810 CLS: PRINT" YOU ARE CARRYING T
HE FOLLOWING: ": PRINT: Zl$=" YOU AR
E CARRYING THE FOLLOWING. .." :GOS
UB3100
820 Z$=""
8 30 FOR C=l TO 31
840 IF 0(C) =1000 THEN Z$=Z$+"-"+
LO$(C)+"- "
850 IF LEN(Z$)>3 2THEN GOSUB3010
860 NEXT
118
THE RAINBOW January 1987
870 IF Z$="" THEN PRINT: PRINT TA
B ( 12 ) ; "NOTHING" : Zl$="NOTHING" : GO
SUB3100
880 IF LEN(Z$)>3 2THENGOSUB3010
890 IF Z$o""THEN PRINT Z$:Z1$=Z
$:GOSUB3100
900 PRINT@489,"<PRESS ANY KEY>" ;
:Z1$="PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE"
:GOSUB3100
910 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 910
920 CLS:GOTO 200
930 IF A$=A1$ THEN 200
940 IF B$="KEY"OR B$="SCROLL"THE
NZ$="THIS MANSION HAS MORE THAN
ONE "+B$+" IN IT. YOU WILL HAVE
TO SPECIFY WHICH ONE YOU WANT.":
GOSUB30 10 : GOT04 30
950 IF B$="KEY1"AND O(3)=1000THE
NZ$="IT LOOKS LIKE IT MIGHT UNLO
CK A DOOR." :GOSUB3010:GOTO430
960 IF B$="KEY2"AND O(4)=1000THE
NZ$="IT LOOKS LIKE AN ORDINARY M
ETAL KEY.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
970 IF B$="KEY3"AND O(5)=1000THE
NZ$="IT IS YOUR AVERAGE METAL KE
Y . " : GOSUB3010 : GOT04 30
980 IF B$="KEY4"AND O(6)=1000THE
NZ$="IT HAS THE LETTERS M.B. ON
IT. " :GOSUB3010 :GOTO430
990 IF B$="PAPER"AND O(1)=1000TH
ENZ$="THE NUMBERS 9-6-3-1-4-7 AR
E WRITTEN ON IT. " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO
430
1000 IF B$="CARD"AND O(2)=1000TH
ENZ$="THE PLASTIC CARD READS 2-4
-6-8 . " : GOSUB30 10 : GOT04 30
1010 IF B$="MAT"AND L=1THENZ$="I
T READS WELCOME TO SUCCESS MANSI
ON. ONE CORNER IS WORN, AS IF IT
HAS BEEN MOVED QUITE OFTEN IN T
HE PAST.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1020 IF B$="SCROLLl"AND 0(20) =10
00THENZ$="IT READS the scroll of
desire . " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO4 30
1030 IF B$="SCR0LL2"AND 0(21) =10
00THENZ$="IT READS the scroll of
faith . " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1040 IF B$="SCR0LL3"AND 0(22) =10
00THENZ$="IT READS the scroll of
autosuggestion. " :GOSUB3010 :G0T0
430
1050 IF B$="SCR0LL4"AND 0(23) =10
00THENZ$="IT READS the scroll of
specialized knowledge. ":GOSUB30
10:GOTO430
1060 IF B$="SCR0LL5"AND 0(24) =10
00THENZ$="IT READS the scroll of
imagination . " : GOSUB3010 : G0T04 30
1070 IF B$="SCR0LL6"AND 0(25) =10
00THENZ$="IT READS the scroll of
organizedplanning. " :GOSUB3010:G
OTO430
1080 IF B$="SCR0LL7"AND 0(26) =10
00THENZ$="IT READS the scroll of
decision . " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1090 IF B$="SCR0LL8" AND 0(27)=1
000THENZ$="IT READS the scroll o
f persistence . " : GOSUB3010 : GOT043
1100 IF B$="SCR0LL9"AND 0(28) =10
00THENZ$="IT READS the scroll of
the master mind. ":GOSUB3010:GOT
0430
1110 IF B$="SCROLL10"AND 0(29)=1
000THENZ$="IT READS the scroll o
f sex transmutation. BEHIND EVER
Y SUCCESSFULL MAN IS A SUCCESSFU
LL WOMAN.":GOSUB3010:GOTO4 30
1120 IF B$="SCR0LL11"AND O(30)=l
000THENZ$="IT READS the scroll o
f the subconscious mind. " :G0SUB3
010:GOTO430
1130 IF B$="SCR0LL12"AND 0(31)=1
000THENZ$="IT READS the scroll o
f the brain. " :GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1140 IF B$="SCR0LL13"AND 0(19)=1
000THENZ$="IT READS the scroll o
f the sixthsense.":GOSUB3010:GOT
0430
1150 IF B$="DOOR"AND DT=2THENZ$=
"THE DOOR IS CLOSED." :GOSUB3010:
GOTO430
1160 IF B$="DOOR"AND DT=3THENZ$=
"THE DOOR IS LOCKED. ":GOSUB30 10:
GOTO4 30
1170 IF B$="DOOR"AND DT=0THENZ$=
"YOU LOOK AROUND, BUT DON'T SEE
A DOOR.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1180 IF B$="DOOR"AND DT=1THENZ$=
"THE DOOR IS OPEN.":GOSUB3010:GO
TO430
1190 IF B$="DESK"AND L=7THENZ$="
IT IS A SOLID OAK DESK. THE DESK
HAS A SMALL DRAWER. " :G0SUB3 010 :
GOTO4 30
1200 IF B$="DESK"AND L=29THENZ$=
"IT IS A LARGE WALNUT DESK. THER
E IS A LARGE DRAWER ON THE LEFT
SIDE OF THE DESK. ": GOSUB3010 : GOT
0430
1210 IF B$="DESK"AND L=14THENZ$=
"IT IS A LARGE METAL DESK. THERE
IS A SMALL METAL DRAWER ON THE
RIGHT SIDE OF THE DESK. " : GOSUB30
10:GOTO4 30
1220 IF B$="DRAWER"AND(L=70R L=2
9 OR L=14)THEN Z$="THE DRAWER IS
UNLOCKED . " : GOSUB3010 : G0T04 30
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 119
1230 IF B$=" BOOKSHELF" AND L=2 AN
DO(16)>-4THENZ$="IT IS A LARGE B
OOKSHELF EXTENDING THE LENGTH OF
THE WALL.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1240 IF B$="BOOKSHELF"AND L=2 AN
D 0(16)=-4THENZ$="THERE IS A PAP
ERBACK BOOK ON ONE OF THE SHELVE
S . " : GOSUB3010 : ( 16 ) =L : GOT04 30
1250 IF B$="BOOK"AND O(16)=1000T
HENZ$="THE TITLE OF THE BOOK IS
think and grow rich WRITTEN BY N
APOLEON HILL.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1260 IF B$="HUTCH"AND L=17THENZ$
="IT IS MADE OF MAHOGANY, AND IT
IS NOT LOCKED. ":GOSUB30 10 :GOT04
30
1270 IF L=70R L=80R L=290R L=30A
ND B$="PANEL"THENZ$="EXAMINING T
HE PANEL, YOU NOTICE A SMALL KEY
PAD FOR ENTERING NUMBERS. YOU RE
ALIZE YOU WILL HAVE TO HAVE THE
CORRECT COMBINATION TO 'OPEN' OR
'CLOSE 1 THE PANEL. ":GOSUB30 10 :G
OTO430
1280 IF B$="TABLE" AND L=18 AND
O(26)<0 THEN (26) =L: O ( 17) =L: Z$=
"YOU NOTICE A SMALL PAMPHLET AN
D THE ' SCROLL7 ' . " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO
430
1290 IF B$="TABLE" AND L=18 AND
0(26) >0 THENZ$= "IT IS A LARGE T
ABLE WITH A TIGER CLAW PEDESTAL.
":GOSUB3010:GOTO 430
1300 IF B$="BOOKLET" AND 0(15)=1
000 THENZ$= "IT READS 'THE JUNKF
OOD WITHDRAWAL MANUAL' BY MONTE
KLINE. ":GOSUB3010: GOTO 430
1310 IF B$=" PAMPHLET" AND 0(17)=
1000 THENZ$= "IT CONTAINS A LIST
OF BOOKS: HOLY BIBLE, '7 KEYS T
A LONGER LIFE' BY DR. HANS J.
KUGLER, 'THE MAGIC OF BELIEVING'
BY CLAUDE BRISTOL, 'THE GREATES
T SALESMAN IN THE WORLD' BY OG M
ANDINO . " : GOSUB30 10 : G0T04 3
1320 IF B$=" JACKET" AND 0(14) =10
00 THENZ$="IT IS YOUR AVERAGE DR
ESS JACKET. ":GOSUB30 10 :GOTO 430
1330 IF B$="STATUE" AND L=10 THE
NZ$= "THIS IS A BEAUTIFUL MARBLE
STATUE OF CUPID. ":GOSUB3010: GOT
430
1340 Z$="YOU DO NOT HAVE THE "+B
$+". ":GOSUB3010
1350 GOTO 430
1360 FOR C=l TO 6: IF B$=T$(C) TH
EN DR=C:GOTO 1380
1370 NEXT: GOTO 1430
1380 IF T(DR,L)>0 THEN L=T(DR,L)
:GOTO 1400
1390 IF T(DR,L)=<0THEN Z$="YOU C
AN NOT GO THAT WAY . " :GOSUB3010 : G
OTO430
1400 IF L=1000AND WN>0THEN2720
1410 IF L=999THEN2770
1420 GOTO200
1430 Z$="PLEASE TRY A DIRECTION.
":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1440 '
1450 IF B$="SCROLL"OR B$="KEY"TH
ENZ$="THIS MANSION HAS MORE THAN
ONE "+B$+" IN IT, THEREFORE, YO
U WILL HAVE TO SPECIFY WHICH ONE
.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1460 IF B$="JACKET"AND 0(22) =-lT
HENZ$="AS YOU PICK UP THE JACKET
, SOMETHING FALLS FROM ONE OF TH
E POCKETS. YOU TAKE A CLOSER LOO
K, AND REALIZE IT IS THE VALUABL
E 'SCR0LL3' .":GOSUB3010:O(22)=21
: ( 14 ) =1000 : G0T04 30
1470 FOR C=1T031
1480 IF B$=0$(C)AND 0(C)=L AND
$ (C) <>"*"THEN (C) =1000 : Z$=LO$ (C
)+" HAS BEEN TAKEN. ":GOSUB30 10 :G
OTO430
1490 NEXT
1500 FOR C=1T031
1510 IF B$=0$(C)AND O(C)=1000THE
NZ$="YOU ALREADY HAVE THE "+L0$ (
C) +" . " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1520 NEXT
1530 Z$="YOU ARE UNABLE TO TAKE
THE "+B$+" . " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1540 '
1550 IF B$="MAT"AND L=1AND 0(3)=
-1THENZ$="AS YOU MOVE THE WELCOM
E MAT, YOU NOTICE THE 'KEY1' UND
ER THE MAT.":GOSUB3010:O(3)=L:GO
TO430
1560 IF B$="MAT"AND L=1AND 0(3) >
1THENZ$="Y0U MOVE THE MAT, BUT S
EE ONLY A PILE OF DIRT. " : GOSUB30
10:GOTO430
1570 IF B$="MAT"AND L=1AND 0(3)=
1THENZ$="THE 'KEY1' IS STILL HER
E ON THE PORCH. ":GOSUB30 10 :G0T04
30
1580 IF B$=" FIGURE "AND L=10AND
(19)>0THENZ$="YOU MOVE THE FIGUR
E OF CUPID, BUT NOTHING HAPPENS.
" : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1590 IF B$="STATUE"AND L=10AND
(19)<0THENZ$="YOU MOVE THE STATU
E OF CUPID, REVEALING A COMPARTM
ENT CONTAINING THE ' SCR0LL13 ' . " :
( 19 ) =10 : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1600 IF B$=" DOOR" THENZ$= "AROUND
120
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Radio Shack has the***
♦♦♦best of everything!
Unleash the true potential of your
Color Computer with accessories
from Radio Shack.
Add a pair of joysticks (A, 26-3008,
Pair/$19.95) for fast 360° movement
or our Deluxe Joystick (B, 26-3012,
$29.95) that adjusts to your touch, al-
lowing "fine tuning". For maximum
control of games and graphics, simplv
'•roll" the Color Mouse (C, 26-3025,'
$49.95) across a tabletop to accu-
rately position the cursor.
Maximize your Color Computer's
power with the Multi-Pak Interface
(D, 26-3124, $99.95). You can change
programs instantly using the selector
switch, or under program control.
And you can connect disk drives or
other accessories, too.
Here are two more great-sounding
accessories! The Sound/Speech Car-
tridge (E, 26-3144, $79.95) adds
three-voice sound and text to speech.
The Orchestra-90 CC (F, 26-3143,
$79.95), lets you create electronic
music and sound effects.
The 300-baud DC Modem Pro-
gram Pak (G, 26-2228, $89.95) makes
it possible to join the telecommuni-
cations wave. Since the modem and
software are built in, you can access
information services by phone. Need
more memory? Hard disk storage is
yours with the Hard Disk Interface
(H, 26-3145, $129.95)*.
Come in today for the accessories
that make your Color Computer even
more of a high performer!
Radio /hack
The Technology Store
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
Send me an RSC-17
Computer Catalog.
Mall lo: Radio Shack. Dopl. 86-A-710
300 One Tandy Center. Fori Worth, TX 76102
Name,
Address .
City
Slale ,
Phone .
'Requires 64K. Muili-P.il. Interlace, floppy disk with controller and
0S-9 (2 or laler). Prices apply at participating Radio Shack Com-
puier Centers and participating Radio Shack stores and dealers.
Orcheslra-90/TM Software Allair. 0S-9HM Microware Corp.
HERE WE 'OPEN' AND 'CLOSE' DOORS
. " : GOSUB3010 : GOT04 30
1610 IF B$="PANEL"THENZ$="THE PA
NEL WILL 'OPEN' OR 'CLOSE 'WITH T
HE CORRECT COMBINATION. ": GOSUB30
10:GOTO430
1620 Z$="YOU ARE UNABLE TO MOVE
THE "+B$+" . " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1630 '
1640 IF A$=Al$THENZ$="YOU MUST S
PECIFY WHAT YOU WANT TO UNLOCK."
: GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1650 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)=-2AND (6) =1000THEN
Z$="YOU HAVE UNLOCKED THE DOOR W
ITH THE 'KEY4' . " : T (4 , 31) =-l:T (3 ,
30)=-l:GOSUB3010:GOTO4 30
1660 IF B$=" DOOR" AND (L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)>-2THENZ$="THE DOOR
IS ALREADY UNLOCKED. ": GOSUB30 10 :
GOTO430
1670 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)=-2AND ( 6) <1000THEN
Z$="YOU DO NOT HAVE THE PROPER K
EY TO UNLOCK THIS DOOR. " : GOSUB30
10:GOTO430
1680 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)=-2AND (5) =1000THEN
Z$="YOU HAVE UNLOCKED THE DOOR W
ITH THE 'KEY3' . " :T (3 , 14 ) =-1 : T (4 ,
15) =-1 : GOSUB3010 : GOTO4 30
1690 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)>-2THENZ$="THE DOOR
IS ALREADY UNLOCKED. ": GOSUB30 10 :
GOTO430
1700 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)=-2AND (5) <1000THEN
Z$="YOU DO NOT HAVE THE PROPER K
EY TO UNLOCK THIS DOOR. " : GOSUB30
10:GOTO4 30
1710 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=60R L=7)A
ND T( 3, 6) =-2 AND (4) =1000THENZ$=
"YOU HAVE UNLOCKED THE DOOR WITH
THE 'KEY2' .":T(3,6)=-1:T(4,7)=-
1:GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1720 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=60R L=7)A
ND T(3,6)>-2THENZ$="THE DOOR IS
ALREADY UNLOCKED. ": GOSUB30 10 : GOT
0430
1730 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=60R L=7)A
ND O(4)<1000THENZ$="YOU DO NOT H
AVE THE PROPER KEY TO UNLOCK THI
S DOOR.":GOSUB3010:GOTO4 30
1740 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=10R L=3)A
ND T(1,1)=-2AND O (3 ) =1000THENZ$=
"YOU HAVE UNLOCKED THE DOOR WITH
THE 'KEY1' .":T(l / l)=-l:T(2 / 3)=-
l:GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1750 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=10R L=3)A
ND T(1,1)>-2THENZ$="THE DOOR IS
ALREADY UNLOCKED. ": GOSUB30 10 : GOT
0430
17 60 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=10R L=3)A
ND T(1,1)=-2AND O (3) <1000THENZ$=
"YOU DO NOT HAVE THE PROPER KEY
TO UNLOCK THIS DOOR. " : GOSUB3010 :
GOTO4 30
1770 Z$="YOU ARE UNABLE TO UNLOC
K THE "+B$+".":GOSUB3010:GOTO4 30
1780 '
1790 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)=-1AND ( 6) =1000THEN
Z$="YOU HAVE LOCKED THE DOOR WIT
H THE 'KEY4 1 . " :T(3 , 30) =-2 :T(4 , 31
) =-2 : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1800 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)=-1THENZ$="THE DOOR
IS ALREADY LOCKED. " :GOSUB30 10 : GO
TO430
1810 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)>-1THENZ$="THE DOOR
MUST BE CLOSED BEFORE YOU CAN LO
CK IT.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1820 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=30OR L=31
)AND O(6)<1000THENZ$="YOU DO NOT
HAVE THE PROPER KEY TO LOCK THI
S DOOR.":GOSUB3010:GOTO4 30
1830 IF B$=" DOOR" AND (L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)=-1AND (5) =1000THEN
Z$="YOU HAVE LOCKED THE DOOR WIT
H THE 'KEY3' . " :T (3 , 14) =-2 :T (4 , 15
) =-2 : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1840 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)=-2THENZ$="THE DOOR
IS ALREADY LOCKED. ": GOSUB30 10 : GO
TO4 30
1850 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)>-1THENZ$="THE DOOR
MUST BE CLOSED BEFORE YOU CAN LO
CK IT.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1860 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND O(5)<1000THENZ$="YOU DO NOT
HAVE THE PROPER KEY TO LOCK THI
S DOOR.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1870 IF B$=" DOOR" AND (L=60R L=7)A
ND T(3,6)=-1AND (4 ) =1000THENZ$=
"YOU HAVE LOCKED THE DOOR WITH T
HE 'KEY2' .":T(3,6)=-2:T(4,6)=-2:
GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1880 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=60R L=7)A
ND T(3,6)=-2THENZ$="THE DOOR IS
ALREADY LOCKED. ": GOSUB30 10 : G0T04
30
1890 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=60R L=7)A
ND T(3,6)>-1THENZ$="Y0U MUST CLO
SE THE DOOR BEFORE YOU CAN LOCK
IT . " : GOSUB30 10 : G0T04 30
1900 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=60R L=7)A
122
THE RAINBOW January 1987
DeskMate® 7-in-l software
makes your Color Computer
better than even
Now our popular DeskMate®
software is available for disk-based
Color Computers! DeskMate
(26-3259, $99.95) features seven
popular personal-productivity
programs — all on one disk! A
general-purpose TEAT entry and
editing program is ideal for writing
correction-tree letters, memos and
short reports. LEDGER, a simple
spreadsheet program, helps you do
budgeting, sales forecasting, profit-
and-loss projec-
tions and other
"What if. . .?"
calculations. Us-
ing the four-
color PAINT
CALENDAR picture editor,
jm mitt mm x .
LEDCER
you can create
colorful charts,
graphs, designs
and "doodles"
on your screen.
Print a copy on
a dot-matrix or
ink-jet printer.
The INDEX CARDS personal filing
system lets you enter and edit data
and perform simple sorts and search-
es. It's ideal for keeping track of
names and ad-
dresses. TELE-
COM gives you
access to na-
tional informa-
tion services,
TELECOM plus transmits
asm wm uraa goo o
Data Directory
Filel » Datafile BudSet
April85 Friends Bulletin
Kidsturf Resumes Yearl985
Compusru Doujones Picturel
ecipes Entrpriz
^m
■': . .
r„,,^
^-"'j^l
^^^*
INDEX CARDS
lit: irr.' m.
and receives
files from other
computers by
phone (requires
modem). A sim-
ple monthly cal-
endar program
displays "to
do's" for any date. CALENDAR is
an easy wav to organize vour day.
A four-function CALCULATOR is
available within the operations of
any application.
Don't have a
disk drive? You
can add one for
just $299.95.
(26-3131).
TEXT EDITOR Come in today!
Radio /hacK
The Technology Store"
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
Send me an RSC-17 Computer Catalog.
Mail To: Radio Shack
Depl 87-A-711, 300 One Tandy Center
Fori Worth, TX 76102
I
I
Name
Address ,
Cily _
Slaie .
.ZIP.
Phono .
I
I
Prices apply at Radio Shack Computer Centers and par-
ticipating stores and dealers. DeskMate/Registered TM
Tandy Corp.
mmmmm
.„
ND 0(4)<lj3j2fjSTHENZ$=»YOU DO NOT H
AVE THE PROPER KEY TO LOCK THIS
DOOR. " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
191>3 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=10R L=3)A
ND T(1,1)=-1AND O(3)=1000THENZ$=
"YOU HAVE LOCKED THE DOOR WITH T
HE 'KEY1' .":T(l,l)=-2:T(2,3)=-2:
GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1920 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=10R L=3)A
ND T(1,1)=-2AND (3 ) =1000THENZ$=
"THE DOOR IS ALREADY LOCKED.": GO
SUB3010:GOTO430
1930 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=10R L=3)A
ND T(1,1)>-1THENZ$="Y0U MUST CLO
SE THE DOOR BEFORE YOU CAN LOCK
IT . " : GOSUB3 ft 10 : GOT04 30
1940 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=10R L=3)A
ND O(3)<1000THENZ$="YOU DO NOT H
AVE THE PROPER KEY TO LOCK THIS
DOOR . " : GOSUB30 10 : GOT04 30
1950 Z$="YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCK
THE "+B$+".":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
1960 •
1970 IF A$=Al$THENZ$="YOU MUST S
PECIFY WHAT YOU WANT TO OPEN.":G
OSUB3010:GOTO430
1980 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)=-1THENZ$="YOU HAVE
OPENED THE DOOR. " :T (3 , 30) =31:T (4
, 31) =30 : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
1990 IF B$=" DOOR" AND (L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)>-1THENZ$="THE DOOR
IS ALREADY OPEN. " :GOSUB30 10 : GOTO
430
2000 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)=-2THENZ$="YOU MUST
UNLOCK THE DOOR BEFORE YOU CAN
PEN IT.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
2010 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)=-1THENZ$="Y0U HAVE
OPENED THE DOOR. " :T (3 , 14) =15 :T (4
, 15) =14 : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
2020 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)=-2THENZ$="YOU MUST
UNLOCK THE DOOR BEFORE YOU CAN
PEN IT.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
2030 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)>-1THENZ$="THE DOOR
IS ALREADY OPEN. ": GOSUB30 10 : GOTO
430
2040 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=60R L=7)A
ND T(3,6)=-1THENZ$="Y0U HAVE OPE
NED THE DOOR.":T(3,6)=7:T(4,7)=6
:GOSUB3010:GOTO430
2050 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=60R L=7)A
ND T(3,6)>-1THENZ$="THE DOOR IS
ALREADY OPEN. " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
2060 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=60R L=7)A
ND T(3,6)=-2THENZ$="YOU MUST UNL
OCK THE DOOR BEFORE YOU CAN OPEN
IT . " : GOSUB30 10 : GOT04 30
2070 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=10R L=3)A
ND T(1,1)=-1THENZ$="Y0U HAVE OPE
NED THE DOOR.":T(1,1)=3:T(2,3)=1
:GOSUB3010:GOTO430
2080 IF B$=" DOOR" AND (L=10R L=3)A
ND T(1,1)>-1THENZ$="THE DOOR IS
ALREADY OPEN . " : GOSUB30 10 : GOT04 30
2090 IF B$="DOOR"AND(L=10R L=3)A
ND T(l,l)=-2THENZ$="YOU MUST UNL
OCK THE DOOR BEFORE YOU CAN OPEN
IT.":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
2100 IF L=17AND B$="HUTCH"AND 0(
28)<0THENZ$="AS YOU OPEN THE HUT
CH, THE 'SCROLL9' DROPS TO THE F
LOOR. THE DOOR ON THE HUTCH SWIN
GS SHUT WHEN YOU LET IT GO . " : ( 2
8) =17 : GOSUB3010 :GOTO430
2110 IF L=17AND B$="HUTCH"AND 0(
28)>0THENZ$=»YOU OPEN THE HUTCH,
AND SEE NOTHING INSIDE. THE DO
OR ON THE HUTCH SWINGS SHUT WHEN
YOU LET IT GO.":GOSUB3010:GOTO4
30
2120 IF B$=" PANEL" AND (L=70R L=80
R L=290R L=30)THEN GOSUB 2 600: GO
TO430
2130 IF B$="DRAWER"AND L=7AND 0(
2)<0THEN 0(2)=L:0(29)=L:Z$="WHEN
YOU OPEN UP THE DRAWER, YOU SEE
A PLASTIC ID CARD AND THE VALUA
BLE ' SCROLL10 ■ . " : GOSUB3010 : GOT04
30
2140 IF B$=" DRAWER" AND L=7AND 0(
2)>0THENZ$="THE DRAWER IS NOW OP
EN . " : GOSUB30 10 : GOT04 30
2150 IF B$=" DRAWER" AND L=14AND
(21)<0THENZ$="OPENING THE DRAWER
REVEALS THE VALUABLE ' SCROLL2 ' .
" : ( 2 1 ) =L : GOSUB30 10 : GOT04 30
2160 IF B$="DRAWER"AND L=14AND
(21)>0THENZ$="THE DRAWER IS OPEN
. " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
2170 IF B$="DRAWER"AND L=29AND
(1)<0THENZ$="OPENING THE DRAWER
REVEALS A WRINKLED PIECE OF PAPE
R, THE 'SCROLLS', AND THE 'SCROL
Lll' . ":O(1)=L:O(27)=L:O(30)=L:GO
SUB3010:GOTO430
2180 IF B$=" DRAWER" AND L=29AND
(1)>0THENZ$="THE DRAWER IS NOW O
PEN . " : GOSUB30 10 : GOT04 30
2190 Z$="YOU ARE UNABLE TO OPEN
THE "+B$+".":GOSUB3010:GOTO430
2200 '
2210 IF A$=Al$THENZ$="YOU MUST S
PECIFY WHAT YOU WANT TO CLOSE.":
GOSUB3010 : GOT04 30
124
THE RAINBOW January 1987
2220 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)>0THENZ$="YOU HAVE C
LOSED THE DOOR. " : T (3 , 30) =-l:T(4 ,
31) =-1 : GOSUB3010 : GOT04 30
2230 IF B$=" DOOR" AND (L=310R L=30
)AND T(3,30)<0THENZ$="THE DOOR I
S ALREADY CLOSED. " :GOSUB3010 : GOT
0430
2240 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)>-1THENZ$="Y0U HAVE
CLOSED THE DOOR. " : T (3 , 14) =-1 :T (4
,15)=-1:GOSUB3010:GOTO430
2250 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=140R L=15
)AND T(3,14)<0THENZ$="THE DOOR I
S ALREADY CLOSED. " :GOSUB30 10 : GOT
0430
2260 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=60R L=7)A
ND T(3,6)=-1THENZ$="Y0U HAVE CLO
SED THE DOOR.":T(3,6)=-l:T(4,7)=
-1 : GOSUB3010 : G0T04 30
2270 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=60R L=7)A
ND T(3,6)>-1THENZ$="THE DOOR IS
ALREADY CLOSED. ": GOSUB3010 : G0T04
30
2280 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=10R L=3)A
ND T(1,1)>-1THEN Z$="YOU HAVE CL
OSED THE DOOR.":T(l,l)=-l:T(2,3)
=-1 : GOSUB3010 : G0T04 30
2290 IF B$="D00R"AND(L=10R L=2)A
ND T(1,1)<0THENZ$="THE DOOR IS A
LREADY CLOSED.":GOSUB3010:GOTO4 3
2300 IF L=17AND B$="HUTCH"THENZ$
="THE HUTCH IS ALREADY CLOSED.":
GOSUB3010:GOTO430
2310 IF B$=" PANEL" AND (L=70R L=80
R L=290R L=30)THEN GOSUB2 600 : GOT
0430
2 320 IF B$=" DRAWER" AND L=7THENZ$
="THE DRAWER IS CLOSED. ": GOSUB30
10:GOTO430
2330 IF B$="DRAWER"AND L=14THENZ
$="THE DRAWER IS CLOSED. ": G0SUB3
010:GOTO430
2340 IF B$=" DRAWER" AND L=29THENZ
$="THE DRAWER IS NOW CLOSED.": GO
SUB3010:GOTO430
2 350 Z$="YOU ARE UNABLE TO CLOSE
THE "+B$+".":GOSUB3010:GOTO4 30
2360 '
2370 IF B$="SCROLL"OR B$="KEY"TH
ENZ$="THIS MANSION HAS MORE THAN
ONE "+B$+" IN IT. YOU WILL HAVE
TO SPECIFY WHICH ONE. " : GOSUB301
0:GOTO430
2 380 FOR C=l TO 31
2390 IF B$=0$(C)AND O(C)=1000AND
0$ (C) <>"*"THEN 0(C) =L: Z$=LO$ (C)
+" HAS BEEN DROPPED. ":GOSUB30 10:
GOTO430
2400 NEXT
2410 Z$="YOU DO NOT HAVE A "+B$+
" . " : GOSUB3010 : GOTO430
2420 • SAVE
2430 PRINT:Z$="I AM CAPABLE OF S
AVING THIS ADVENTURE ON 'TAPE' O
R 'DISK' .":GOSUB3010:PRINTZ$:Z1$
=Z $ : G0SUB3 100 : Z $=" "
2431 Z$="ON WHICH DEVICE SHALL I
SAVE THE ADVENTURE" :GOSUB30 10 :P
RINTZ$; :Z1$=Z$:GOSUB3100:Z$="":I
NPUTQ$
2440 IF Q$0"TAPE"ANDQ$0"DISK"T
HENZ$="O.K. JOE. YOU MUST TYPE
EITHER 'TAPE 1 OR 'DISK'. I DID N
OT SAVE THE ADVENTURE .": GOSUB301
: PRINTZ$ : Z1$=Z$ : GOSUB3100 : Z$=""
:GOTO430
2450 IFQ$="TAPE"THENGOSUB3250:Z1
$="SAVING" : PRINTZ1$ : GOSUB3010 : OP
EN"0" , #-1 , " JOESGAME" : F0RC=1T03 1 :
PRINT#-1,L0$(C) ;0$(C) ;0(C) :NEXT:
FORC=1T03 4 : PRINT#-1 , T(1,C);T(2,C
) ;T(3,C) ;T(4,C) ;T(5,C) ;T(6 ; C) :NE
XT:PRINT#-l / L;M:CLOSE-l:GOSUB3 23
0:GOTO430
2460 IFQ$="DISK"THENOPEN"0",#l / »
JOESGAME" :F0RC=1T031:WRITE#1,L0$
(C) ,0$(C) ,0(C) :NEXT:F0RC=1T034:W
RITE#1,T(1,C) ,T(2,C) ,T(3,C) ,T(4,
C) ,T(5,C) ,T(6,C) :NEXT:WRITE#1,L,
M: CL0SE1 :GOSUB3230 : GOTO430
2470 » LOAD
2480 PRINT:Z$="I CAN LOAD AN ADV
ENTURE FROM 'TAPE' OR , DISK , .":G
OSUB3010 : PRINTZ $ : Z 1$=Z$ : G0SUB3 10
0:Z$=""
2481 Z$="FROM WHICH DEVICE SHALL
I LOAD AN ADVENTURE" :GOSUB30 10:
PRINTZ $ ; : Z1$=Z$ :GOSUB3100 : Z$="" :
INPUTQ$
2490 IFQ$<>"TAPE"ANDQ$<>"DISK"TH
ENZ$="O.K. JOE. YOU MUST TYPE EI
THER 'TAPE' OR 'DISK'. I DID NOT
LOAD AN ADVENTURE. ":GOSUB30 10 :P
RINTZ$:Z1$=Z$:GOSUB3100:Z$="":GO
TO430
2500 IFQ$="TAPE"THENGOSUB3 2 50 : Zl
$="LOADING":PRINTZ1$:GOSUB3010:O
PEN"I",#-1," JOESGAME" :F0RC=1T031
:INPUT#-1,L0$(C) ,0$(C) ,0(C) :NEXT
: F0RC=1T034 : INPUT#-1 , T ( 1 , C) , T ( 2 ,
C),T(3,C) ,T(4,C),T(5,C),T(6,C) :N
EXT:INPUT#-l,L,M:CLOSE-l:GOSUB3 2
40:GOTO4 30
2510 IFQ$="DISK"THEN0PEN"I",#1 / "
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 125
JOESGAME" : F0RC=1T03 1 : INPUT#1 , LO$
(C) ,0$(C) ,0(C) :NEXT:F0RC=1T034:I
NPUT#1,T(1,C) ,T(2,C) ,T(3,C) ,T(4,
C) ,T(5,C) ,T(6,C) :NEXT:INPUT#1,L,
M: CLOSE1 : GOSUB3240 : GOTO430
2520 ' QUIT
2530 Z$="ARE YOU SURE YOU WANT T
QUIT [YES OR NO] ?" : GOSUB3010 : P
RINTZ$ ; : Z1$=Z$ : GOSUB3100 : Z$="" : I
NPUTQ$
2540 IF Q$<>"YES"AND Q$O"N0"THE
NZ$="IF YOU ARE GOING TO FIND YO
UR SUCCESS, YOU WILL NEED TO LEA
RN TO ASK FOR EXACTLY WHAT YOU W
ANT.":GOSUB3010:PRINTZ$:Z1$=Z$:G
OSUB3 100 : GOT02 5 30
2550 IF Q$="YES n THEN END ELSE430
2560 'HELP
2570 IF L=1THENZ$="A VOICE IN YO
UR HEAD SEEMS TO SAY, TO THE SOU
TH IS HEART BREAK AND TO THE NOR
TH DESTINY. WHEN ALL SEEMS LOST,
LOOK TO BE WELCOMED. ":GOSUB30 10
:GOTO430
2580 Z$="YOU WILL LEARN MORE BY
USING YOUR OWN JUDGEMENT AND NOT
THE JUDGEMENT OF OTHERS .": GOSUB
3010:GOTO430
2590 ■
2 600 Z$="IN ORDER TO 'OPEN' OR '
CLOSE' THE PANEL, YOU WILL NEED
TO ENTER THE COMBINATION AS A SE
RIES OF NUMBERS. ":GOSUB30 10 :Z1$=
Z$ : GOSUB3100 : PRINTZ$ : Zl$="the co
mbination please" :PRINTZ1$; :GOSU
B3100:INPUTA2$
2610 IF(L=70R L=8)AND T(3,7)<0AN
D A2$="963147"THENZ$="THE PANEL
SLIDES OPEN . " : T ( 3 , 7 ) =8 : T ( 4 , 8 ) =7 :
GOSUB3010 : GOTO2700
2620 IF(L=70R L=8)AND T(3,7)>0AN
D A2$="963147"THENZ$="THE PANEL
SLIDES SHUT . " : T ( 3 , 7 ) =-3 : T ( 4 , 8 ) =-
3 : GOSUB30 10 : GOT02 700
2630 IF(L=290R L=30)AND T(3,29)<
0AND A2$="2468"THENZ$="THE PANEL
SLIDES OPEN.":T(3,29)=30:T(4,30
) =29 : GOSUB3010 : GOTO2700
2640 IF(L=290R L=30)AND T(3,29)>
0THENZ$="THE PANEL SLIDES SHUT."
:T(3,29)=-3:T(4,30)=-3:GOSUB3010
:GOTO2700
2 650 Z$="THAT IS NOT THE CORRECT
COMBINATION. " :GOSUB3010
2 660 IF(L=70R L=8)AND O(1)=1000T
HENZ$="THE CORRECT COMBINATION I
S AT ARMS LENGTH. ":GOSUB30 10
2670 IF(L=70R L=8)AND O(1)<1000T
HENZ$=" PERHAPS YOU SHOULD SEARCH
THE MANSION FOR THE CORRECT COM
BINATION . " : GOSUB3010
2680 IF(L=290R L=30)AND O(2)=100
0THENZ$="THE CORRECT COMBINATION
IS CLOSER TO YOUR HEART THAN YO
U THINK. ":GOSUB3010
2690 IF(L=290R L=30)AND O(2)<100
0THENZ$=".YOU MIGHT DO BETTER TO
SEARCH THE MANSION FOR THE COMBI
NATION .": GOSUB30 10
2700 RETURN
2710 '
2720 CLS:Z$="YOU SHOULD TRY AGAI
N SOME OTHER TIME. YOU DID NOT F
IND THE 13 SCROLLS. THE TOWNS PE
OPLE ARE ALL LAUGHING AT YOU.":G
OSUB3010:PRINTZ$:Z1$=Z$:GOSUB310
2730 Z$="IF YOU DESIRE SUCCESS B
AD ENOUGH, YOU WILL DISREGARD TH
E LAUGHTER OF THE TOWNS PEOPLE
AND TRY AGAIN. " : GOSUB3010 : PRINTZ
$ : Z1$=Z$ : GOSUB3100
2740 PRINT: Z$=" PLAY AGAIN [YES/N
0] ?" : GOSUB3010 : INPUTZ$
2750 IF Z$<>"YES"AND Z$<>"NO"THE
NZ$="PLEASE TYPE 'YES' OR 'NO'."
:GOSUB3010:GOTO2740
2760 IF Z$=" YES "THEN RUN ELSE EN
D
2770 CLS:Z$="YOU HAVE FOUND ALL
13 SCROLLS. YOU ARE WELL ON YOUR
WAY TO YOUR SUCCESS .": GOSUB30 10 :
PRINTZ$:Z1$=Z$:GOSUB3100
2780 Z$="THE TOWNS PEOPLE BEGIN
TO ASK TO SEE THE SCROLLS THAT Y
OU HAD THE COURAGE TO GET.":GOSU
B3010 : PRINTZ$ : Z1$=Z$ : G0SUB3 100
2790 Z$=INKEY$:IF Z$=""THEN2790E
LSE END
2800 ' DATA STATEMENTS
2810 DATA ON THE FRONT PORCH OF
SUCCESS MANSION., IN THE MANSION'
S LARGE LIBRARY., IN THE FOYER AT
THE MANSION'S ENTRANCE., IN THE
DOWNSTAIRS LAVATORY . , IN A LARGE
GAME ROOM.
28 20 DATA AT THE SOUTH END OF A
LONG HALLWAY EXTENDING NORTH AND
SOUTH., IN THE OFFICE WHERE BIG
MONEY DEALS WERE ONCE CLOSED., IN
A LARGE VAULT WHERE VALUABLES A
RE KEPT., ON THE LANDING HALF OF
THE WAY UP THE STAIRCASE.
2830 DATA AT THE FOOT OF A BEAUT
IFUL MARBLE STAIRCASE LEADING UP
WARD.
2840 DATA IN THE MIDDLE OF A LON
G HALLWAY EXTENDING NORTH AND SO
126
THE RAINBOW January 1987
UTH.,AT THE SOUTHERN END OF A LA
RGE LIVING ROOM., ON A MARBLE STA
IRCASE LEADING UP FROM A SMALL L
ANDING.,IN THE MANSION'S LARGE S
TUDY.,AT THE NORTH END OF A LONG
HALLWAY LEADING SOUTH.
285)3 DATA AT THE NORTH END OF TH
E LIVING ROOM. ,AT THE WESTERN EN
D OF A LARGE DINING ROOM.
2860 DATA IN THE MIDDLE OF A LAR
GE DINING ROOM., AT THE EAST END
OF A LARGE DINING ROOM., IN A LAR
GE KITCHEN., IN A SMALL LAUNDRY R
OOM.,IN THE KITCHEN PANTRY. , ON T
HE PRIVATE BALCONY., IN THE MASTE
R BATHROOM.
2870 DATA IN THE GUEST BEDROOM. ,
IN THE GUEST BATHROOM., IN A LARG
E BEDROOM.
2880 DATA IN THE BATHROOM WHICH
ADJOINS TWO BEDROOMS . , IN THE PRI
VATE STUDY . , IN THE MASTER BEDROO
M.,AT THE EAST END OF A LONG BAL
CONY . , AT THE TOP OF A STAIRCASE .
,AT THE WEST END OF A LONG BALCO
NY., IN A SMALL BEDROOM.
2890 DATA WRINKLED PIECE OF PAPE
R, PAPER, -2, PLASTIC ID CARD, CARD,
-2 , KEY1 , KEY1 , -1 , KEY2 , KEY2 , 30 , KEY
3,KEY3,28,KEY4,KEY4,20,LARGE OAK
DESK,*, 7, LARGE WALNUT DESK,*, 29
, METAL DESK,*, 14
2900 DATA CHINA HUTCH, *, 17 , LARGE
OAK TABLE,*,18,HANDCARVED BOOKS
HELF,*, 2, STATUE OF CUPID, *, 10 , PL
USH DESIGNER JACKET , JACKET , 2 1 , SM
ALL BOOKLET , BOOKLET ,22, PAPERBACK
BOOK, BOOK, -4
2910 DATA SMALL PAMPHLET , PAMPHLE
T,-l, DESIGNER WELCOME MAT,*,1,SC
ROLL13 , SCROLL13 , -3 , SCROLL1 , SCROL
LI , 9 , SCROLL2 , SCROLL2 , -1 , SCROLL3 ,
SCROLL3 , -1 , SCROLL4 , SCROLL4 , 8 , SCR
OLL5 , SCROLL5 , 30 , SCROLL6 , SCROLL6 ,
8 , SCROLL7 , SCROLL7 , -1
2920 DATA SCROLL8 , SCROLL8 , -1, SCR
OLL9 , SCROLL9 , -1 , SCROLL10 , SCROLL1
0,-1, SCROLL11 , SCROLL11 , -1 , SCROLL
12,SCROLL12,2
2930 DATA -2 , 1000 ,,,,,,, 3, ,,,6,-
2;4,2,,,,,,3, // ,,6,,,
2940 DATA 11, 3 , -2 , 5 , , , , , -3 , -2 , , ,
ill ~^ i i i i i i i U / ■*•/* / / / J-J- 1 i " i
2950 DATA 15, 6, 12 , 10, , , 16 , , , 11, ,
///f/32,9,,, — 2 fiii 17 ,11,16,-2, ,
2960 DATA 18 , 12 , , 15 , , , , 15, 18 , , , ,
,16, 19, 17,,,,, 20, 18,,, 22,, 21, 19,
2970 DATA , , , 20 , , , , 20 , , , , , , 29 , , ,
I I I J IP I I I I I I J J- / "O i i i
2980 DATA , , , 25 , , , , 33 , 28 , , , , , 34 ,
, 2. I , , , 2 J , , — 3 , , , ,24, , — 2 , — 3 , ,
2990 DATA 25 , , 32 , -2 , , , , , 33 , 31 , , 1
3, 27, ,34,32, ,,28, ,,33,,
3000 DATA INVENTORY, 1, LOOK, 2, EXA
MINE , 2 , READ , 2 , GO , 3 , RUN , 3 , WALK , 3 ,
GET, 4 , TAKE , 4 , MOVE , 5 , PUSH, 5 , PULL,
5 , UNLOCK, 6 , LOCK , 7 , OPEN , 8 , CLOSE , 9
, DROP , 10 , PUT , 10 , SAVE , 11 , LOAD , 12 ,
QUIT, 13, HELP, 14
3010 CX$=CHR$(32) :LL=32
3020 CL=INT(LEN(Z$)/LL) :CR$=RIGH
T$(Z$,CL)
3030 IF LEN(Z$)<=LL THEN PRINTZ$
:Z$="":GOTO3090
3040 FOR CX=LL TO 1 STEP-1
3050 IF MID$(Z$,CX,1)=CX$ THEN C
C=CX:GOTO3070
3060 NEXT:GOTO3070
3070 PRINT LEFT$(Z$,CC-1) :Z1$=LE
FT$(Z$,CC-1) :GOSUB3100:Z$=MID$(Z
$,CC+1,LEN(Z$)-CC)
3080 IF LEN(Z$)>LL THENGOTO3040
3090 RETURN
3100 IF TK=0THEN RETURN ELSEX=&H
FF00:Y=&HFF7E
3110 POKE X+l,52:POKE X+3,63
3120 REM
3130 POKE X+35,60
3140 GOSUB3160
3150 RETURN
3160 Z1$=Z1$+" ":FOR I=1T0LEN(Z1
$)
3170 IF PEEK(Y)AND128=0THEN3170
3180 POKE Y,ASC(MID$(Z1$,I,1) )
3190 NEXT I
3200 IF PEEK(Y)AND128=0THEN3200
3210 POKE Y,13
32 20 FORZ=1TO1800: NEXT: RETURN
3 230 Z$="THE ADVENTURE HAS BEEN
SAVED.":GOSUB30 10 :Z1$="": RETURN
3 240 Z$="THE ADVENTURE HAS BEEN
LOADED. ":GOSUB3010:Z1$="": RETURN
3250 Z$="I WILL TURN ON THE MOTO
R TO THE TAPE RECORDER. POSITIO
N THE TAPE WHERE YOU WANT, THEN
PRESS ANY KEY TO TURN OFF THE TA
PE RECORDER . " : GOSUB30 10 : PRINTZ$ :
Z1$=Z$:GOSUB3100:Z$="":FORZ=1TO1
000 : NEXT : MOTORON
3260 Q$=INKEY$:IFQ$=""THEN3260EL
SEMOTOROFF:Zl$="PRESS ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE . " : PRINT : PRINTZ1$ : GOSUB
3100
3270 Q$=INKEY$:IFQ$=""THEN3270EL
SERETURN
<Wi
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 127
sit*
STAR NX-10 COMPLETE SYSTEM
Easy-io-use and ready for ihe heavy workloads
Irani your TRS-80 Color Computer 1. 2, 3 or PC
compatible. Control pitch, margins. NLQ, Italics
and more from the From Control Panel. Stuff the
5K data buffer with your own unique character set
or use one of the 1 1 built in character sets. I
Year limited warranty serviceable nationwide.
Deluxe Users manual. System includes the NX-10
Dot Matrix printer with BLUE STREAK II serial-
to-parallel interface and our Software Trio (see
below).
SPECS. 120cps Draft, Mcps NLO, llaJics Sub S Suporecripls.
Emphasizod, Doublesmke. Proportional. International. Down Loadablo
Char. Led. Right. Of Contor Justification. Underline. Verlicatly Enlarged
2X/4X. 5. 6. 8.5. 10, 12, & 17 CPI. Giaphics 480-1920 dots/Una. Hon. &
Von Tabs. Forward ot Reverse n/216' Lino Foods. Hok Dump, Fnclion
& Push Traclof . 5K Data Buller.
$29995
-SI Shipping
and Insurance
COMPLETE
SEIKOSHA SP-1000AS COMPLETE SYSTE
Triple Mode Dot Matrix printer with serial
interface, cable and our Software Trio (see
below). Ready to run single sheet or 4" to 10"
tractor paper from your TRS-80 Color Computer
1, 2, or 3. Compatible with your programs that
lei you control your baud rate, like CoCoMax,
VIP, Basic and OS-9 etc. 24 month limited
warranty. 76 page users manual.
SPECS: lOOcps Dtatl. 20 cps NLO. llal.es. Sub & Superscripts. Bold.
Doublestriko. Promotional. International, Underline, 5, 6. 8 5, 10, 12, &
17 CPI, Graphics 480-1920 dotiline. Horizontal and Vorucal Tabs.
rv21 6' Lino Foods, Hex Dump. Fncbon and Tractor Paper Food.
$21995
S10 Shipping
and Insurance
COMPLETE
CITIZEN 120D COMPLETE SYSTEM
Triple Mode, High performance Dot Matrix
printer with serial interface, cable, and our
Software Trio (sec below). Ready to run with
your TRS-80 Color Computer I. 2. or 3. Load
single sheets with one button ease or use the
adjustable tractor with rear or bottom feed. Fill
the 4K buffer with text and graphics from your
favorite programs such as CoCoMax. VIP and
Basic at rales up to 9600 baud. 12 month limited
warranty. Deluxe users manual.
SPECS 120 cps Dralt. 25 cps NLO. Hales. Sub & Superscripts.
Emphaslzod. DoublosuiHo. Proportional. Inlomational, User Dolinod
Characters. Loll, Right. Center or Full Justification, Undrlino, Ovorsoore.
Revorse Prim, Vodically Enlarged 2X. 5, 6, 8.5, 10. 12. 17, 1 20 CPI,
Graphics 480-1920 dots/lino. Horz and Von. Rotative & Absolulo Tabs.
n,216" Lino Foods, Hex Dump, Friction and Tractor. 4K Butler.
$22995
+SI0 Shipping
and Insurance
COMPLETE
Serial to Parallel
BLUE STREAK II interface
Transfer your data from CoCo 1, 2, 3 to your
parallel printer with a fury. The Blue Streak can
increase your data transmission 4 fold over
conventional-compatible interfacing and increase
printer throughput. An additional serial I/O port
permits port sharing with another serial device
without recabling.
SPECS 300. 600. 1200. 2400. 4800. 9600 Swllhable Baud Rates.
Power Supply 276-1 431 A UL Listed. 1 Year Warranty, Input 4 Pin Senal.
Output 36 Pin Parallel and 4 Pin Sonal. Tolal Cable Length 54 inches.
Box4"i2->r
$49 95 without power ^Sfcc
5>^t| with power
, +S2 Shipping
and Insurance
SOFTWARE TRIO
Js'ta.upn'b
WORD PROCESSOR 2.2
TAPE OR DISK VERSION
A feature packed program that turns your CoCo
into an office machine. Create and save letters
and documents with the Word processor tailored
for your printer.
A FULL 8"X 1 1 " SCREEN DUMP PROGRAM
A well-written and documented program written
in machine language position independent code.
Features include user definable color shading and
printing in all 5 Pmodes. Tape transferable to
disk. Requires 16K extended color basic.
TYPE SELECTION
TUTORIAL PROGRAM
Menu driven program for the CoCo. Teaches
and shows the new user the numerous features of
their printer. (Specify printer when ordering)
ALL THREE $-1 Q95
PROGRAMS Ly
DAYTON ASSOCIATES-™, INC.
DUN & BRADSTREET LISTED
7201 CLAIRCREST BLDG. C
DAYTON, OHIO 45424
OHIO RESIDENTS ADD 6 % SALES TAX • C.O.D. ADD $2.00
TKS so Colui r.uHjHiui " ■ T.'.'uK CtnpN CitCnMax® Cnliuwar*: Inc., v | r Sufi luw Corp- All itola nuhjuu u> < hun^t: willtuul noiiix.
AUTO-ORDER LINE
1-800-251 STAR
Personal Service
(513)236-1454
RAINB
3-D Graphics
Great Effects Without the Glasses/Log/cware 141
Banner
Give Your Message to the World/S. Erickson Software 146
B.E.S.T. Expert System
Solve Problems with Questionnaires/T/7/n/o'ng Software 149
Colorscan
Delivers Dazzling Results/Compuf/ze, Inc 136
Disk Programming Package
Utilities That Provide Additional Security/C/WD Micro 144
D.L. LOGO
As Simple as ABC/Radio Shack 147
Dragon Slayer
Delve into Delightful Depths/Tom Mix Software 135
Educational Software
Makes Math Fun/York 10 Software 134
The Electronic Robotic Dog
A CoCo Nut's Best Friend/E/ecfron/c Motion Control Inc 139
Map n Zap
Relieves Disk System Headaches/Duck Productions 148
Miscellaneous Writings
Superior Program for Bible Students/Sovere/'gn Grace Software 145
MouseTop
A Furry Companion for Your CoCo/H&H Enterprises 140
PonyExpress 24A Modem
Information Carrier for the New Age/Telenetics Corporation 148
Super Programming Aid Version 2
Better Than Ever/Sangerf Software Systems 138
WRITEST
The Teacher's Pet/ Cocosoft 1 50
1987 THE RAINBOW
129
HOW DO YOU GIVE A RAINBOW?
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City
From:
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City
It's simple — Give a rainbow gift certificate .
Let a gift subscription to THE
rainbow carry the premier Color
Computer magazine right to
your friends' doorsteps, the
rainbow is the information
source for the Tandy Color Com-
puter.
Each month, your friends will
enjoy the intelligent programs,
reviews and articles written ex-
clusively for their CoCo.
First, your gift will be an-
nounced in a handsome card.
Then, all year 'round, they'll re-
member you and your thought-
fulness when they get each edi-
tion of the rainbow — more than
200 pages loaded with as many
as 24 programs, 15 regular col-
umns and lots of helpful hints
and tips.
Generosity benefits the giver,
too. There'll be no more tracking
down borrowed copies of the
rainbow. Your collection will be
safe at home.
Give a rainbow gift certificate
and let your friends in on the fun.
the rainbow is the perfect com-
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Get your order to us by Jan. 25
and we'll begin your friends'
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ISSUe Of RAINBOW.
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All other inquiries call (502) 228-4492.
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to other countries is U.S. $68; the air rate. U.S. $103. Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax. U.S.
currency only, please. All subscriptions begin with the current issue. Please allow 6 to 8 weeks for
delivery. In order to hold down non-editorial costs, we do not bill.
REVIEWING
Bowling League Secretary
Editor:
I would like to take this opportunity to
thank reviewer Donald Dollberg for the
thorough and favorable review of my first
commercial software venture, Bowling
League Secretary (September 1986, Page
141).
I would also like to address the question
he raised of the omission from the reports
of a final tally sheet for each player. During
program development, I had originally
planned to include this report. However, in
the attempt to keep everything within the
capabilities of a 32K CoCo and one disk
drive system (what most people seem to
have), the storage requirements for this data
precluded its inclusion in Version 1.0. A
weekly report is, however, generated that
includes the required data, i.e., the season's
high average, game and series as well as total
pins and games for each player. This can be
entered into the individual's tally sheet.
In Version 1.0, I attempted to maximize
the number of bowlers that could be accom-
modated, since I had no idea what size
leagues would be attracted to this program.
The program can presently handle over 200
bowlers' statistics; even more by reserving
more buffer memory and string storage
space in some of the sorting programs.
If user interest shows that the smaller
leagues want this feature. I will try to add
it to the one-disk version for a limited
number of requirements for both reports
and number of bowlers.
I am now working on a version with full
reporting capabilities but, at present, it
looks like a two-drive system will be re-
quired.
Incidently. I am about to release Version
I . I which is designed for mixed leagues and
keeps separate statistics for men and
women. The same storage limitation applies
to this new version, so this first release will
be for a one-drive system.
I would like to thank RAINBOW for the
excellent magazine, and for the interest and
encouragement given new software suppli-
ers by way of "Received and Certified." This
gives the sincere newcomer a chance to get
started in the CoCo world. Again, thanks for
your coverage of the CoCo and keep up the
good work.
Tom Barnett
TOMELA*CO
Try-O-Tax
Editor:
1 have been using Trv-O-Tax (available
from Try-O-Byte, 1008 Alton Circle, Flor-
ence, SC 29501; 803-662-9500) for two tax
seasons. I use it primarily to check returns
prepared by other members of the firm. To
date, I have processed more than 200 income
tax returns using Try-O-Tax. 1 am well
satisfied with the application. I have read
comments from others that the program is
very slow. In fact, the program is just as fast
as your printer. My printer operates at 9600
baud and prints (draft) at 140 cps. In such
an environment, the program operates faster
than I can enter data. The program is
actually a scries of programs for the various
forms, which are accessed by a main menu.
The program is written in BASIC, which
allows one to alter it. For example, earlier
versions automatically rounded to the
nearest dollar. In our firm, all of the tax
praclicioners use dollars and cents; it was a
simple matter to alter the program to
accommodate that.
I have just received the 1986 version of
Try-O-Tax. The new version contains some
very substantial enhancements. The system
now completes Schedules A, B, C, D, E, F,
G (income averaging). SE (self-employment
tax) and W (deduction for married couples
working), and Forms 1040, 2106 (employee
business expense), 2441 (child care credit)
and 6252 (installment sale). Further. Tax
Schedules X, Y and Z are incorporated in
the program. Thus, in doing Schedule G,
there is no need to look up tax rates, and
for incomes over $50,000. the tax is figured
automatically. (For incomes below $50,000.
you still have to look up the lax in the tax
tables.) Further, there is a provision for
selecting the baud rate of output and an
automatic form feed, both of which save
considerable time. Also, the new version
uses dollars and cents in the output. The
ouiprint format has been improved
immensely; with some printers it comes very
close to meeting the IRS' requirements for
computer-produced facsimile forms. How-
ever, the author cautions that all offices may
not accept these and advises attaching the
printouts to the standard forms, particularly
if you are expecting a large refund. The disk
also contains the 1986 Tax Estimator, which
was reviewed earlier in RAINBOW. Further,
the documentation is greatly improved. This
application is also available for Radio Shack
models III and 4.
In summary, I was pleased with Try-O-
Tax over the past two years, but the new
version is a program of professional quality
at a very reasonable price for a reasonably
priced computer — a rare value. Also, it has
been my experience over the years that the
author is always ready and eager to help if
you have a problem. The programs are
unprotected and written in BASIC, so if one
does encounter a problem, it can easily be
resolved with a phone call to the author. I
have not had time to extensively test the
programs, but have spent some lime running
them all and have encountered no problems.
James N. Brown III
Medina. OH
PenPal
Editor:
I received my November RAINBOW
today, and as is my usual habit, promptly
sat down and read it cover to cover. I was
rather disturbed when I came to Graham
Langford's letter in Reviewing Reviews on
Page 131. My experience with Four Star
Software in general, and PenPal in partic-
ular, seems to have been just the opposite of
Graham's.
I first ordered PenPal shortly after its
release. I did experience problems in that 1
could not get the program to load in my 64K
CoCo 2. After a couple of telephone calls to
Four Star, during which they were most
understanding and helpful, they explained
to me that my problem was being caused by
the copy protection used on Version 1.0.
They promised that the problem would be
corrected in Version 2.0, and that I would
be sent a copy as soon as it was ready for
release.
As promised, I received Version 2.0 last
spring and began using it with no problem
whatsoever. To my surprise, a few weeks
later Version 2.1 appeared in my mailbox.
With it came a letter explaining that a bug
had been found in 2.0. and had been fixed
in 2.1. I was not even aware of the bug in
2.0!
I have been using and thoroughly enjoy-
ing PenPal ever since. It has replaced TW-
64 as my word processor of choice (I am
using it now to write this letter), and the
communications program is fantastic for the
CoCo SIG on Delphi! I am sorry that
Graham has had problems with PenPal. but
obviously not everybody else has encoun-
tered these problems.
Leonard K. Hull
Dallas. TX
TX- Word Processor
Editor:
A bug has been located in TX Version
03.07.1. When typing the Descriptor line.
TX attempts to perform a word-carry if you
type past the end of the line. A word-carry
from the Descriptor line (67) will crash TX.
Fixing the bug is very easy. Load TX
Version 03.07.1 into your CoCo and edit
Line 69 as shown below:
G9 IFMID$(T$(R) ,RM,1)=H$0RR
>G5THEN38ELSEF0RF=Rf1 TORM-20
STEP-1:IFMIDS(TS(R),F,1)XHST
HENNEXT:GOTO3BELSEB=F:F=RM-20
:NEXT:IFMID$(T$(R+1),5,87-B)>
<STRINGS(87-B,H$)THEN72
Save the repaired program. That's it.
The bug is gone. Fred Kolesar B/s
Westfield, PA
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 131
RECEIVED & CERTIFIED
The following products have recently been received by THE RAINBOW,
examined by our magazine staff and approved for the Rainbow Seal of
Certification, your assurance that we have seen the product and have
ascertained that it is what it purports to be.
This month the Seal of Certification has been issued to:
Checkers-32K, a computer version of
the popular board game. Challenging
play for players with varied skill levels.
Applied Machine Intelligence, P.O.
Box 358. Salida. CO 81201; $3.95 plus
$.85 S/H.
Chess-32K, for the Color Computer.
Compete against the CoCo with this Hi-
Res assembly language game. Features
six skill levels with strong play and fast
responses. Applied Machine Intelli-
gence, P.O. Box 358, Salida, CO 81201;
$5.95 plus $.85 S/H.
CoCo III Secrets Revealed, a book
filled with useful information and pow-
erful secrets to help you utilize the new
features of the Color Computer 3.
Spectrum Projects, Inc., P.O. Box 264,
Howard Beach, NY 11414; (718) 835-
1344. $16.95 plus $3 S/H.
Box 11099, Chicago, 1L 60611; (312)
276-9712. $25.
Speak-Easy, a speech synthesizer for
the Color Computer. Features include a
serial interface for use with the disk
drive. No programming of words, just
simple commands initiate speech. This
device plugs into the printer port of the
CoCo and appears as a printer to the
CoCo. Fazer Electronics, Inc., 539
Mc Daniel Mill Road, Conyers, GA
30207; (404) 929-1657, $149. '
CoCo III 512K Board, for the Color
Computer 3. Easy to install. Includes 16
prime 256K DRAM chips. The board
can also be purchased without the 256K
DRAM chips. Compatible with OS-9
Level 2 and Multi-View. Spectrum
Projects, Inc., P.O. Box 264, Howard
Beach, NY 1 1414; (718) 835-1344,
$139.95 (with chips) or $99.95 (without
chips) plus $3 S/H.
VIP Writer Enhancer, designed for
people who take files from VIP Writer
and use them in another context, like
uploading them to a BBS. It is also
useful for downloading files from
another word processor and changing
them for use with VIP Writer. Spectrum
Projects, Inc., P.O. Box 264, Howard
Beach. NY 11414; (718) 835-1344.
$19.95 plus $3 S/H.
The Word Factory Word Meanings, a
64K. educational game for the CoCo.
This is a three-program package for the
teacher, the parent and the student. For
the student, an entertaining game that
helps build a better vocabulary. The
teacher and parent are provided with a
program to build new word lists. And,
for the teacher, a program that gener-
ates test sheets for the classroom.
SEC A, P.O. Box 3134, Gulf port. MS
39505: (601) 832-8236, $24.98.
Disk Minizap, a 32K BASIC disk utility
program that allows the user to alpha-
betize a directory, save a backup direc-
tory, print a directory and edit sectors
of the disk. Dravon Software, P.O. Box
2516, Renton, ' WA 98056; (206) 255-
8562, disk only, $6.
Quotes, a 32K game for the CoCo that
simulates the famous television show.
Wheel of Fortune. Compete with your
friends for points, not cash (up to eight
players). B. Erickson Software, P.O.
Teacher Pak II, a collection of four 1 6K
ECB programs for teachers. Teacher
Pak Plus, a powerful 32K test-making
program, is also included. Tothian
Software, Inc., Box 663, Rimersburg,
PA 16248; (814)473-3887, $47.95.
TRY-O-TAX, is directed to the individ-
ual taxpayer and provides a convenient
and economical way to remove some of
the confusion and hassle associated
with federal income tax preparation.
Try-O-Byte, 10008 Alton Circle. Flor-
ence. SC 29501; (803) 662-9500. $39.99
plus $3 S/H.
The Seal of Certification program is
open to all manufacturers of products
for the Tandy Color Computer,
regardless of whether they advertise in
THE RAINBOW.
By awarding a Seal, the magazine
certifies the product does exist — that
we have examined it and have a
sample copy — but this does not
constitute any guarantee of
satisfaction. As soon as possible, these
hardware or software items will be
forwarded to THE RAINBOW reviewers
for evaluation.
— Judi Hutchinson
132
THE RAINBOW January 1987
/I
V
V>
Computer Island Educational Software
PROGRAM TITLE
GRADES MEMORY PRICE
PROGRAM TITLE
GRADES MEMORY PRICE
PRESCHOOL
Preschool I - counting
Preschool II - adding
Preschool III - alphabet
Music Marvel-play songs
Arrow Games-6 games
First Games-6 games
Mr. Cocohead-facemaker
Pre-K
Pre-K
Pre-K
Pre-K, 1
Pre-K, 1
Pre-K, 1
K-3
3-5
6-8
9-12
3-5
6-8
9-12
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
4,5,6 or 7 16K-Ext.
LANGUAGE ARTS
Beyond Words 1-3 parts
Beyond Words 2-3 parts
Beyond Words 3-3 parts
Vocabulary 1-1000 words
Vocabulary 2-1000 words
Vocabulary 3-1000 words
Context Clues
Reading Aids - 4 parts 2-4 16K-Ext.
King Arthur-writing tool 2-6 16/32 Ext.
Cocowheel of Fortune 4-up 32K-Ext.
Context Clues 2-3 32K-Ext.
CLOZE Stories a^u«7 32K-Ext.
Locating Story Details 2-3 or 4-5 32K-disk
Drawing Conclusions 3-1 or 5-6 32K-Ext.
Punctuation Practice 3-7 32K-Ext.
FOREIGN LANGUAGES
French Baseball-200 wds. 4-up 16K-Ext.
French Baseball-500 wds. 4-up 32K-Ext.
Spanish Baseball-200 wds. 4-up 16K-Ext.
Spanish Baseball-500 wds. 4-up 32K-Ext.
Hebrew Alphabet beginners 16K-Ext.
Hebrew Utility drawing uimty 16K-Ext.
CRITICAL THINKING PROBLEMS
Find The Math Sequence 4-up 32K-Ext.
Stranded-graphic advent. 4-up 32K-disk
TEACHER/STUDENT AIDS
Colorgrade-gradebook Adult
Quizmaker-write quizzes 5-up
ETT typing lUtOr ICocoWarehouse) 4-up
Disk indicates available on disk only
Tape prices given.
Add $5.00 for any program on disk.
32K-disk
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
11.95
11.95
11.95
11.95
21.95
24.95
16.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
17.95
19.95
29.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
24.95
19.95
19.95
11.95
19.95
11.95
19.95
11.95
15.95
19.95
24.95
29.95
24.95
21.95
MATH
Opening a Bank Account
Dollars & Sense
McCoco's Menu
Moneypak
Graph Tutor
Graph-It
Math Invaders
Mathquiz-4 operations
Addition & Subtraction
Skill Tutor Series
Division Tutor
Multiplication Tutor
Factors Tutor
Fractions Tutors « programs)
addition, subtraction or multiplication
Trigonometry
Equations Linear
Equations Quadratic
Arith. Diagnostic Disk
Fraction Diagnostic Disk
Verbal Problems Series
Distance Problems
Area & Perimeter
Pizza Game
Sales & Bargains
Comparison Shopping
Binary Dice Game
SOCIAL STUDIES
Know Your States
History Game
States & Capitals
Explorers & Settlers
Famous American Women
Street Map Game
MISCELLANEOUS
Name That Song 1,2 or 3
Music Drill
Science Game
Computer Literacy
5 Educational Programs
with Lightpen
Chemistry Tutor
4-7
2-4
3-5
2-5
3-7
7-up
1-8
2-5
2-3
3-7
3-7
5-8
4-8
8-10
7-9
8-11
3-8
4-9
5-8
5-8
3-5
6-8
4-7
4-up
5-up
5-up
5-up
4-up
6-up
3-5
2-up
3-up
8-up
6-up
1-2 or
3-6
10-up
32K-disk
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K
16K-Ext.
16K-EX1.
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-disk
32K-disk
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-disk
32K-Ext.
32K-disk
32K-disk
24.95
14.95
14.95
24.95
19.95
14.95
17.95
19.95
11.95
14.95
14.95
19.95
19 95 ea
24.95
19.95
19.95
49.95
49.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
14.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
11.95
19.95
29.95
19.95
44.95
29.95
RAINBOW
CEBTIFlCHTION
(718) 948-2748
Dept. R 227 Hampton Green, Staten Island, N.Y. 10312
Send (or catalog with complete descriptions.
Please add SI .00 per order tor postage. N.Y. residents, please add proper tax. FREE set ot BINARY DICE, including lull directions, with
orders ot 2 or more items.
Dealer Inquiries Invited.
TRS-80 Color Computer
All Payments in U.S. Funds.
Software Review,
7/^\
Educational Software Makes
Math Fun
Look. Listen. Learn. Three simple words, but when used
in conjunction with the software available from Compass
education, these words lake on a new and deeper meaning.
This educational software is available on cassette tapes
and is made to run on any CoCo that has at least 16K of
memory. This software library consists of five main study
courses which cover standard school curriculum. Each
study course contains two volumes of material with eight
cassettes in each volume for a total of 144 individual lessons.
The five main study courses are Developing Reading
Comprehension, Rules of Writing, Math, Science/ Physics
and American History.
The first cassette in each volume contains the main loader
used to run all of the lessons in that volume. As the loader
is written in machine language, you will need to insert the
cassette in your cassette player and rewind it. After you turn
on your CoCo and monitor, all you will need to do is to
type CLOADMiEXEC: and press ENTER. When the program
is loaded and running, just follow the prompts on the screen.
When using these lesson plans, you can stop the program
at any time by pressing the pause key on your cassette player.
If you don't have a pause key, just stop the recorder. You
can also rewind or fast forward the tape so that you can
review or skip any section of the lesson plan.
m.oo
the speech synthesizer that Jeaves the others tight lipped
FINALLY . . .
* Mo more tumuli nij with Hultl-Pac or Y-Connector3
« Ho vocabulary ROM or disk needed
* Compatible with all operating systems
* Ho driver program needed
« Appears as a printer to Co-Co
Speak-Easy plugs Into the serial
port o£ yout Co-Co, not the card
3lot, and appears as a printer
to the Co-Co. Incorporated In
Speak-Easy Is a unique state o£
the art two chip set which
phonetically converts ASCII text
(K^S^A^ t ~° s f Gec ' 1 ' what this means to
y t^m^^m ''iiiL you Is extreme ease of use,'
yl rtua 1 ly un J 1ml t ed vocabulary,'
and complete flexablllty In" a
speech synthesizer. Just look at
this sample BASIC program:
10 INPUT A*
20 PRINT H-2.A*
30 GOTO 10
and Imagine how you could
upqrade your games and
applications with simple printer
statements to use Speak-Easy! It
can say anything Including
foreign words. If_ yo u can s pell
il l.i ih. col g.i you. longu.. jj, Speak^Easy_can_say_lT!
Also available in RS-232C configuration with
ectable baud rate, word length and stop bits. choose
ween 4 pin DIN or DD-25 connectors. I£ you have a
cial need or configuration, let us know , we will have
talklnq In no time I
4W^MzFL niHk==-= 5? sffiSB" 8 **
u luiS^l^r Hihm^mBii, dim. • - 1 **-
539 McDaniel Hill Rd. visa and MasterCard J.
Conyers, Ga . 30207 phone 404-929-1657 welcome
ooo
THE RAINBOW January 1987
5149.00.
sel
bet
ape
you
I received the entire library, so over the next few months
we will review each study course separately. This month we
begin with Math.
The Math study course contains numbers, fractions and
basic algebra.
As I mentioned earlier, there are two volumes in each
lesson plan. In Lesson Plan One, Volume One starts with
learning number digits and ends with different numbering
systems. Volume Two starts with raising numbers to powers
and ends with naming and defining fractions.
In Lesson Plan Two, Volume One starts with numerators
and denominators of fractions, and ends with addition and
subtraction of fractions. Volume Two starts with addition
of mixed numbers and ends with using a ruler to measure
fractions.
Lesson Plan Three, Volume One begins with the logic of
algebra and ends with fractions and division. Volume Two
starts with solving problems with equations and ends with
equations and trigonometry.
These lesson plans are very well thought out, organized
and presented. Each lesson plan starts out with the basic
concept of that lesson and advances, cassette by cassette,
to the more complex information provided by that lesson.
We were having a small family gathering on a football
Sunday. My brother-in-law. Jerry, his wife, Julie (who are
avid sports fans), and my niece Misty spent more time with
CoCo and the algebra then they did watching the games.
Jerry couldn't stop raving about the program. He enjoyed
it as a review of basic algebra. He told me that it has been
a while since he got out of high school and he thought he
had forgotten all of the algebra he had struggled through.
Using this program brought it all back to him. He was
impressed.
Misty is just starting junior high school this year and,
although she hasn't been formally introduced to algebra, she
still managed to enjoy this lesson plan. Misty summed it
up very well when she said, "Uncle John, algebra is fun."
These programs are presented in such a way as to allow
both adults and children to look, listen and learn. But most
of all, to enjoy them.
To me, the main values of any type of educational
software are the varying levels of difficulty, positive
reinforcement, and whether or not it is user-friendly.
These programs certainly contain all of the preceeding
requirements and, on a scale of one to 10, 1 would not
hesitate to give the Math study course a 9.5.
(York 10 Software, 9525 Vassar Avenue, Chatsworth, CA
91311; 818-700-0330, S49.95 per volume plus $3 S/H)
— John A. Appel
Hint
Topsy-Turvy
Many CoCo users encounter I/O Errors when
loading programs from tape which were saved by a
different CoCo. The most likely culprits are the
volume setting and tape alignment. If you have tried
various volume settings with no luck, try turning the
tape recorder, with the cassette in place, upside-down
on the table. This will change the way the tape travels
across the playback head and may result in a "good"
load of the program.
134
Software Reviewi
7r7Z\
Delve Into the Delightful
Depths of Dragon Slayer
Grab your sword, fellow game players, for you are about
to proceed into the lair of the awful dragon to save the
villagers of Pendor.
What's that? You say you're tired of searching for
treasure, fighting monsters and, most of all, going after fire-
breathing dragons? Ah, but don't despair, because from this
time-worn saga Tom Mix Software has created a game of
epic proportion that will delight many a Color Computer
owner. And — even more good news — this game runs on
the CoCo 3.
You see, in Dragon Slayer, you do not frantically mash
the joystick button in an attempt to exterminate evil life
forms. Nor do you madly pound on the keyboard in your
quest to HACK MONSTER. Rather, you, a shortish cone-
shaped fellow with two spindly legs, wander about a 10-level
dungeon (with 16 rooms per level) moving objects to
facilitate your quest for the aforementioned fire-breather.
Each room is depicted on the screen with walkways,
ladders, ropes and other objects shown graphically. Using
either the arrow keys or joystick, you move up and down
ladders and ropes, gathering keys to unlock doors, wielding
swords to crush enemies, donning boots for treks across
dangerous turf, restoring downed bridges, maneuvering
through darkened passageways and, of course, collecting
the ubiquitous bags of money scattered throughout the
dungeon. One press of the space bar allows you to pick up
objects, but with the exception of money, only one object
may be carried at a time.
ROOM ND.14IHDU CARRYING
SCDRE00600lFLASHLIGHT
Juggling objects and determining how to deal with traps
and other tricks requires thought and strategy, not to
mention exploration, and trial and error. This is especially
true at higher levels where there are many, many obstacles,
puzzles and assorted challenges. Solving this game is no easy
matter, especially since you have only three "lives" with
which to complete the task.
Dragon Slayer effectively meshes the visual aspects of an
arcade game with the challenges and strategy of an
Adventure game. The graphics are excellent. The animation
is smooth and relatively flicker-free. Sound effects, though,
could be improved.
When it comes to features, Dragon Slayer deserves a high
rating. You can control your speed (or stop), pause the game
and quit, or save the game after solving a level. 1 found a
problem with the last feature. When I had solved Level I,
I pressed the S key as instructed to save my game position.
However, the next time I loaded the game, it did not
continue with Level 2 as the instructions said it would, but
started all over at Level 1. I have talked with others who
haven't had this problem, so perhaps it was a bug in the
review copy.
All in all, Dragon Slayer is a game that provides countless
hours of fun and challenge for practically everyone. The
game, while designed for adults, is equally suitable for
children, and could even help them learn basic puzzle
solving. On a scale of one to five. Dragon Slayer gets a four.
Dragon Slayer expertly combines arcade action with
strategy, exploration and challenging puzzles, making it
easy to play but hard to master. Good graphics and 160
different rooms further enhance this game.
(Tom Mix Software, P.O. Box 201, Ada, Ml 49301; 616-
957-0444, disk $29.95 plus $3 S/H)
— Eric W. Tilenius
Formaket
clean paperwork for business
"It will give the small or home business professional-looking
forms and effortless, errorless totals, accounting for taxes,
discounts, shipping and deposits."
The RAINBOW, May 1986
menu driven >^^v
customize for your company A>wk
on screen Instructions * ~Xuj
creates: Invoice, quote, purchase order, rainbow
mall order, receipt, letter eomncm.*
printer customization 6/IQ
and much, much more ^^1" 32K ECB disc
"You have to look good to the customer . . This program
helps by providing neat, well-prepared forms . . ,"
The RAINBOW, May 1986
Makes learning so much FUN . . . rainbow
. . . that kids think it's a game! ""^'■°-
Letter and number recognition. Ages 2 to 6
$24
32K ECB disc or tape
"if you are looking for a program to teach young children
the alphabet, numbers and early vocabulary, SUPER TUTOR
may fit the bill." The rainbow, June 1986
Send for more Information:
Challenger software
42 4th Street
Pennsburg, PA 18073
Call (215) 679-8792 (Evenings)
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 135
Software Review M
!7^
Colorscan Delivers
Dazzling Results
So you bought a Radio Shack CGP-220 Color Ink-Jet
Printer on sale . . . but you haven't been able to do much
with it, since software for Tandy's most colorful printer was
scarce. Have no fear! Computize, Inc., and the Whitesmith
partnership (of Graphicom Wand llardcopy{ame) have just
what you're looking for.
Colorscan is more than just a screen dump program. One
quick glance at the documentation has you up and running.
The program greets you with simple instructions for making
sure you get the correct colors on your screen. Next, you're
whisked away to the icon-oriented main menu, where you
can choose one of eight different "modules," or selections,
by using either the keyboard or joystick. By selecting Disk,
you can load or view any 6K (one screen) picture, specify
which drives to use and change the baud rate.
frOOOOO 990090 000000
99 90 00 09 00 90
99 00 .. 09 99
99 99 99 99 90
99 99 999 999999
09 99 99 99 99099
090000 OOOOOO 00
9990 O0000 OO
9999 9009 0009
999999 990000 440000
00 99 99 00 00 00
00 009 090 00 00
00 O0O0 0000 00 00
OO 000 00O O0 00
O0 OO OO OO O0 00 00
OOOOOO 000000 000000
OOOOOO OOOOOO 9000
COLORSCAH HI-RES PRINT UTILITY
©1986 W III X E S II1I T H U:1.0
ILL RICHT5 RESERVED
And as if this weren't enough, Colorscan has a feature
I've not seen anywhere else. This gives the capability to
make a listing of any BASIC program, but with one
important difference. You can have your line numbers
printed in one color, program code in another, and remark
statements in a third color. You're also allowed to specify
four strings to be highlighted in your choice of colors as
well. In addition, you may also have any multi-command
lines separated in the listing. All this is a little slow, but the
resulting printout is fascinating. Unlike other parts of the
program, I was unable to find a way to break out once
printing has started.
I also liked the fact that what this program says is violet,
looks violet. If you go according to Ink-Jet's manual, what
they say is violet, looks blue, and vice versa. I find this quite
annoying, not to mention confusing. Whitesmith's decision
to make this change was, in my opinion, a good move.
The first disk I received had a few garbled files, and some
of the features did not function properly. After contacting
Eric White, it was determined that I'd received an early
production copy, and a new disk was rushed to my house.
The second copy worked just fine. I found Mr. White and
Computize to be as user friendly as their program.
There are only a few minuses that I can see with
Colorscan. Documentation is minimal, and leaves a few
things to your own discovery. For example, there is no
explanation of how to exit the String Search (use the BREAK
key), or the Banner Edit mode (the BREAK key again). The
line numbers to change in the boot program for default
colors aren't listed anywhere, (lines 710-740). If you view
a BASIC program before listing it from the Color List
module, make sure the printer is on, or the program hangs
up. To exit the program use the reset button, or turn the
computer off. Personally, I like to exit through the software.
And while you are told that two-screen CoCo Max pictures
can be loaded, you are not told to scroll the picture with
the arrow keys. Also be aware that Colorscan cannot be
used with ADOS, but works well with 1 .0 or 1 . 1 Disk BASIC.
All in all, 1 feel that Colorscan is a fine, easy-to-use piece
of software. So if you're looking for a program that can help
your Color Ink-Jet Printer really strut its stuff, Colorscan
delivers dazzling results!
The two "regular" screen dump modules allow you to
create a '/i-page or '/2-page printout, with an adjustable left-
hand margin. Disk Dump lets you view 6K pictures on the
selected disk or print them all out, two across on the paper,
with just a flick of the wrist.
The Poster module creates multi-page printouts of either
the entire picture or just part of it. You are told how long
it will take, as well as how many sheets of paper. This feature
also works to make a small printout of jusl a portion of
the picture quickly.
Customizing the colors of your printout is done via the
Custom Ink module. This lets you to determine whether the
reds, blues, blacks and whites on the screen are printed just
as they look, or maybe as violet, green, yellow and magenta,
instead. Colors can be selected individually, and a test
printout can be done, which gives a hard copy of the pokes
needed to change the BASIC driver to default to these colors.
But wait, there's more! Rainbow-colored banners can be
produced using the Banner module. Select four colors and
one of the seven fonts that are included to make a banner
up to 27 inches long. The estimated time is displayed for
this feature, also.
(Computize, Inc., P.O. Box 207, Langhorne, PA 19047; 215-
946-7260, disk only, $29.95 plus S3 S/H)
— Gay Crawford
One- Liner Contest Winner . . .
Run this program, Grid, and enter the spacing you
desire by entering any number from 1 to 255. Try some
fractional values for interesting effects.
The listing:
1 CLS: INPUT "ENTER GRID SIZE";X:P
MODE4,1:PCLS:SCREEN1,1:FORA=X TO
255STEP X:LINE(A,p)-(A,192) , PSE
T : LINE ( , A) - ( 2 55 , A) , PSET : NEXTA : L
INEINPUTA$:GOTO 1
Keith Biasillo
Indianapolis, IN
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, llic author has been sent copies
of both The Rainhow Book of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
136
THE RAINBOW January 1987
PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
QUALITY PROGRAMS FOR YOUR COCO & TDP-IOO
PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K EXTENDED BASIC FOR TAPE. AND 32K DISK UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
V^C*
HALL OF THE KING (Rainbow Review 6/86)
This program combines all the things you look for in a great
two disk graphics adventure program. The Hi-Res graphics
are superbly done. The text portion of the screen and the
graphics change quickly as you move through the HALL OF
THE KING. You can move freely from one portion of the
adventure to another. Call up your inventory at any time. You
can even save or load a game at ANY time. HALL OF THE
KING will challenge even the most seasoned adventurer.
HALL OF THE KING requires 64K EB and one disk drive. This
exciting two disk adventure comes packaged in a vinyl case.
$39.95.
HALL OF THE KING II (Rainbow Review 9/86)
Continue your quest for the Earthstone in The Inner
Chambers of the HALL OF THE KING. Outstanding graphics
help show the way to success in your search to help restore
the legendary power of the Earthstone to the dwarven race.
The deeper you travel into the inner chambers, the more dif-
ficult your progress becomes. HALL OF THE KING II has all
the fine features of the first adventure. It is designed to
follow the original HALL OF THE KING but may be played as
a stand-alone adventure. The adventure fills two disks and
comes packaged in a handsome vinyl folder. II requires one
disk drive and 64K. $39.95
WARP FACTOR X (Rainbow Review 2/86)
If you have been waiting for a game for your color computer
that has everything, your wait is over. WARP FACTOR X is
here. This all graphics simulation game requires strategy,
fast thinking, an eye for detail, and -above all experience in
knowing the capabilities of your stauhip and its computer.
(See review in Feb. 85 issue of Rainbow.) It requires 32K one
disk drive and comes packaged in a vinyl library case. $34.95
DARKMOOR HOLD (Rainbow Review 8/86)
You and your comrades will explore the levels of Darkmoor
Hold in an effort to gain great riches and defeat the dark
wizard. The Wizard will soon realize the threat you pose and
the many monsters you meet and battle will become stonger
and more powerful as you move through the 10 levels of
Darkmoor. A keen eye will help you find weapons and armor
to aid your battle along with treasures for you to keep. Your
party consists of a Dwarf, an Elf. and you, the Human, each
with their own special attributes. The weapons, armor and
treasure are placed randomly in each level to provide a new
challenge each time you play. You may also save the game
you are playing since defeating the evil Wizard is not an easy
task. It has great graphics and an impressive text screen to
give you more fun than a barrel of elves. Requires 64KEB and
1 disk drive. $29.95
POLICY ON PROTECTION
We believe our customers are honest — all of our software
can be backed up using standard backup procedures.
Your Personal check is welcome • no delay. Include $1.50
shipping for each order. TX residents add 5 1/8% sales tax.
Orders shipped within two days.
Dealer and author inquiries are always welcome. Canadian
dealers should contact Kelly Software Distributors, Ltd. 608,
STNT, Calgary, Alberta T5H 2H2, (403) 236-2161
fry
DRAGON BLADE (Rainbow Review 11/86)
Animated Graphics Adventure
This 100% hi-res graphics adventure features many animated
screens which will delight the avid adventurer. You search for
the magic Blade which is the only way to rid your homeland of
the fearsome dragon which has risen from a long rest to ter-
rorize your village. Fill your screen with super graphics as you
try to solve the difficult challenge the village leaders have set
before you. Dragon Blade requires 64K EB and 1 disk drive.
$29.95
#
DOLLAR WISE
In todays world of high finance, variable interest rates,
balloon payments, and lease options there is a program that
can help you sort out the details and make sense of the small
print. DOLLAR WISE is an extremely flexible program that
will allow you to find the best loan by substituting values for
all the different variables that make up the loan. Find the
future value and interest paid for either single or multiple
deposit savings accounts. Determine mortgage interest paid
during a tax year— very good for estimating tax savings on
credit purchases also. Should you rent or buy. DOLLAR WISE
gives you all the options. It will even provide a loan amortiza-
tion table print out with Tax Year summaries either by month
or year. Requires 32K Tape $24.95 Disk - $27.95
3 ^^^
FONTFILE — (New for the COCO III)
FONTFILE replaces the standard Hi-Res COCO III font with a
character set you select. Choose from a menu of 26 or create
your own and save it to disk for future use. Use the fontf ile in
your own basic programs or livenup an old program with a Hi-
Res font screen. FONTFILE will work on all versions of the
COCO but is especially written to take advantage of the
special capabilities of the new COCO III. Requires 64K and
one disk drive. $24.95
COMING SOON!
Hall Of The King III
Send for our free catalog
Call (915)584-7784 or
Send Order To: PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
213 La Mirada
El Paso, Texas 79932
Software Review!
7rw\
Super Programming A id
Version 2 Is Better Than Ever
A great utility program has just gotten better! If you don't
already own the BASIC Programming Aid, check out the
review in the July 1986 RAINBOW. It was already a super
program for anyone who programs in BASIC, and now it
has been improved. Briefly, the main programming aids that
were already available include Automatic Line Numbering,
Auto-Load of a disk menu program. Keyboard Clicker,
Suspend, Copy, Move, Find, List Scrolling, Key Repeat.
Program Formatting, Clear Key Disable, Current Line Edit
and Command Keys. The Command Keys feature allows
keys on your keyboard to become function keys. By pressing
the control key (down arrow) and then a letter, a command
or a line of text is automatically typed for you. You can use
the command table supplied or program your own com-
mand keys.
Version I works with I6K ECB or more, but doesn't take
advantage of 64K. Version 2 has been designed to run with
(he 64K CoCo. It will not run on the I6K CoCo. Version
2 works with 32K, but the new print spooler will not work
in this mode.
Version 2 allows you to configure the CoCo as an all-
RAM machine. This gives the option of placing the
Programming Aid in RAM that is not used by BASIC,
Extended BASIC or Disk BASIC, and permits use of all the
normal 32K of RAM for a BASIC program.
The addition of a print spooler lets you get back to work
while listing a program and allows better performance from
BASIC programs. Depending on how you set up your
memory, you can have between 6K and 32K of print spooler
available. For instance, if you have 64K, it's possible to use
that "hidden" 32K of RAM as a print spooler. You never
again need to wait for the printer to finish before getting
back to work. You and the printer can now work at the same
time. Running the spooler also gives you the option of
cancelling output that has already been spooled.
Version 2 is configured to your system at startup time.
The memory and command table options are easy to set.
Prompts give you the opportunity to change any of the
startup options to make it meet your programming needs
any time you use it.
The manual is clear and detailed. Each function is fully
explained and examples are given. Onscreen prompts,
status messages and error messages keep you from getting
lost or confused.
Bangert Software Systems has put all these options
together in one compact machine language program. It can
be used with either tape or disk based systems and works
with any ROM version.
Anyone who programs in BASIC should have this
program. After all, you deserve it.
(Bangert Software Systems, P.O. Box 21056, Indianapolis,
IN 46221; 317-632-0174, $29.95)
— James Ventling
SPECIAL DEAL ON
500 PROGRAMS!
GET 50 DISKS OR 50 CASSETTE TAPES FULL OF OVER
500 PROGRAMS. HERE IS WHAT YOU'LL RECEIVE:
• Over 250 Utility/Home Application Programs including a
Word Processor, DataBase, Spreadsheet, Account Man-
ager, 2 Basic Compilers, Terminal Programs, ROM Copies,
Mail List, Machine Language Tutorials, Plus Much More!
♦ Over 200 exciting games including Warlords, Star Trek,
Super Vaders, Solar Conquest, Horse Races, Football,
Baseball, Frog Jump, Invader, Plus Much More! (Many
machine language games)
* Over 30 adventures including The College Adventure, Dun-
geon Master, Space Lab, Ice World, Ship Wreck, Zigma
Experiment. Plus 32K Graphic Adventures.
EACH INDIVIDUAL ISSUE SOLD FOR s 9.°°
EACH OR s 450 FOR ALL 50 ISSUES. WE
SLASHED THE PRICE TO ONLY 150.°°.
REG. $ 450
HvyVWl
• •THIS MONTH ONLY**
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receive a free 6 month subscription.
(A s 35 value)
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RAINBOW _ -^ _ ....
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OUR LATEST ISSUE CONTAINED
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T & D SUBSCRIPTION SOFTWARE, P.O. BOX 256C, HOLLAND, Ml 49423 (61 6) 396-7577
138
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Software Review!
7rw\
A CoCo Nut's Best Friend:
Spike, The Electronic
Robotic Dog
This just has to be the ultimate science fair project!
Imagine if you will, a CoCo-controlled robotic dog
scampering around in front of your booth nipping at the
heels of the judges!
The idea sounded hilarious to me when 1 first heard of
it, but the folks at Electronic Motion Control have
developed plans and software to actually accomplish this
feat. In spite of the humorous setting 1 have depicted, the
subject should not be taken lightly. The resultant robot built
from the available plans is capable of some pretty neat
tricks.
The plans consist of detailed drawings, diagrams and
circuit board layouts, as well as a parts list of the hardware
items needed. Besides a dedicated Color Computer 2 with
ECB and 64K RAM, you also need various other circuit
boards, motors and gear boxes. A list of where to buy these
items is included in the package, many of which can be
purchased from EMC.
A program is supplied on tape that allows you to program
"Spike" to follow a specific pattern. As Spike runs the
pattern he quickly learns his directions and runs it himself
without any further training from his master. You program
the initial pattern with the use of a joystick plugged into
the CoCo. By the way, the computer is removed from its
plastic case and installed directly onto Spike's chassis. Your
TV or monitor is used during this initial programming
process in order to see what you are doing. If you want,
you can also hook up a printer and make a listing of the
program with your unique pattern and other changes.
The CoCo 2 is modified to the extent of bypassing the
AC power supply and using motorcycle batteries and
charger for the power supply. Other minor CoCo logic
board modifications are also required and detailed.
A clever option utilizing a Polaroid Sonic Board, like that
used in the auto-focus instant camera, allows Spike to "see"
obstructions and react accordingly. You can also add an
optional speech synthesizer so that Spike can "speak," or
maybe just bark.
In looking over the detailed, 4 1 -page instruction booklet,
it appeared that everything you need to know to build this
robot is there. One should not take this project lightly,
however. It requires a lot of sheet metal work and some
machining as well as electronic savvy; definitely not a
project for the novice. The finished product is well worth
the effort and adds still another dimension to your Color
Computing interests.
Although this represents a "fun" type project, it will not
be a snap to build and train Spike; but unlike the real thing,
this dog won't leave a mess on your living room floor!
(Electronic Motion Control Inc., P.O. Box 17271, Air Port
Station, Clearwater, FL 33520; 813-536-1694, $69.50 plus
$3 S/H)
— Jerry Semones
Tin.- _J A^U \_iu
THE COLOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAGAZINE
Back copies of many issues of the
rainbow are still available.
All back issues sell for the single issue
cover price. In addition, there is a $3.50
charge for the first issue, plus 50 cents
for each additional issue for postage and
handling if sent by United Parcel Service.
There is a $5 charge for the first issue,
plus a $1 charge for each additional issue
on orders sent by U.S. Mail. UPS will not
deliver to a post office box or to another
country.
Issues July 1981 through June 1982
are available on white paper in a reprint
form. All others are in regular magazine
form. VISA, MasterCard and American
Express accepted. Kentucky residents
please add 5 percent state sales tax. In
order to hold down costs, we do not bill
and no C.O.D. orders are accepted.
Due to heavy demand, we suggest you
order the back issues you want now while
supplies last.
To order, just fill out the form on the
next page and mail it with your payment
to:
THE RAINBOW
The Falsoft Building
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
sss.
^a^
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January 1987 THE RAINBOW 139
1 BACK ISSUE ORDER FORM
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■ RAINBOW INDEX A complete index lo our first three years. July 1981
through June 1984, is
printed
n its entirety in our July 1984 issue.
1 Separately bound copies are also available$2.50 D
1 Note: Our Fourth and Filth Year
Indexes, including RAINBOW ON TAPE
I Indexes, are included
n the July 1985 and 1986 issues, respectively.
TOTai
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Accessory Reviewi
7rw\
MouseTop — A Furry
Companion for
Your CoCo
Remember the ads for Jaws II — "Just when you thought
it was safe to go back in the water"?
Well, just when you think you've seen everything, it
always comes along. And here it is: The MouseTop mouse
cover.
You don't need this little cover that fits right over your
computer mouse. Oh, certainly, it keeps the grime, dust and
grit off the mouse. But I have honestly seen darn few people
use keyboard, disk drive and (for that matter) typewriter
covers. Too much trouble.
Those things don't have something that the MouseTop
does — it's cute.
"What's that?" someone asked a few minutes after it
arrived. "It's a mouse cover," 1 said. "It keeps my mouse
clean and warm."
"It's cute" was the reply. "Really cute. At last, you have
something cute to go with all that equipment."
OK. I've bought laser printers, 70-Meg hard drives, jazzy
plotters and every computer Tandy's made in the past five
years. Nothing has brought as much comment as this little
MouseTop.
It is cute. Two ears, glasses and a shiny black nose. It fits
right over my computer's mouse. The "tail" is the mouse
cord.
Each MouseTop is hand-made, which makes each unique.
And they are machine washable.
I like this little varmint and I think you'll like it, too. It
does add a touch of furry personality to your computer.
(H&H Enterprises, P.O. Box 2672, Corona, CA 91718; 714-
737-1376, $5.95, 20/20 vision model [without glasses] S5.49)
— Lonnie Falk
140
THE RAINBOW January 1 987
Software Reviewi
7/W\
Miscellaneous Writings
Enhances Bible Studies
The idea of a book or books on disk isn't new, so 1 will
not make further comment on the concept, except to agree
that it is a case of the future being the here and now.
The Rev. Mark Camp has used the idea to great advan-
tage for Bible scholars, ministers or people just plain
interested in the scriptures. I'm excited about that, but the
whole concept of book disks has to be even more exciting!
Just think of a school having history books on disk that
could be updated every year as history is being made. Use
your imagination on this one; there are hundreds of
applications.
As for Miscellaneous Writings, I put them to the test by
using the outlines for a sermon and a couple of Bible studies.
Nobody fell asleep and fell out the window, so they must
have been effective.
Seriously, they were very good outlines that are easy to
follow. I will reserve any review on doctrinal grounds for
religious publications.
The text files print out well on VIP Writer, which has
always been my workhorse word processor. They also print
on Telewriter-64 and with a text file printer included on the
disk.
This is a superior program for Bible students, Sunday
schools or folks interested in the Bible, but don't let that
keep you non-biblical types from taking a look. It is a great
concept.
The material on the disk is explained in DISKINFLVTXT,
which tells you all about the files. Using the built-in word
processor, or your own word processor program, you can
read or print out the file you want. This is a superior way
to obtain and store text. I would call this an inexpensive
must for all Bible students and an interesting disk for
everyone.
Also included in the review package was a collection of
programs called CoCo Hymnal II.
This program was conceived out of necessity when Pastor
Mark was caught on a night when his regular pianist was
not available.
All he had around was his "Tandy Steinway" so he sat
down and programmed some favorite hymns along with a
text display of the words. It was well received by the
One- Liner Contest Winner . . .
Just type it in and run it. This program is quite self-
explanatory.
The listing:
CLS0 : FORN=1TO100 : C=RND ( 8 ) : X=RN
D(32)-1:Y=RND(16)-1:SET(X,Y / C) :S
ET(X,31-Y,C) :SET(63-X,Y,C) :SET(6
3-X,31-Y,C) :IFRND(20)=3ORINKEY$<
>""THENRUNELSENEXT: RUN 'LIGHT SHO
W Stevie D. Pritchett
Jacksonville, AL
(For ihis winning one-liner eonlest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both Vie Rainbow Book of 'Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
congregation, and Pastor Mark expanded it using a couple
of graphics programs to include some title pages and a
menu.
The program operates by typing RUN "FT.BAS", which
prints out (onscreen) the instructions and sets a Hi-Res
screen for the text printing.
You can choose Old and New Favorites, Songs About the
Holy Spirit, Hymns of the Reformed Faith or Songs for
Children. Each general area gives you several choices of
hymns.
Mark modestly says the arrangements are not profes-
sional, but they sound like the mighty Wurlitzer to me. It
is amazing how much music can come out of my old gray
F-board CoCo.
My only problem with the CoCo Hymnal is the inability
of the program to take you back to the menu after a set
of selections has been played.
You can access another group if you run the basic
program for that group, but that requires keeping the list
handy, and you know how lazy we can get about things like
that. I am sure Mark Camp is working on that program
along with a lot of good stuff.
Sovereign Grace Software is filling an important
function. I found both disks in the review package well
worth the money and the time.
(Sovereign Grace Software, 221 Highview Drive, Ballwin,
MO 63011; 314-227-3238, Writings Disk 59.95; CoCo
Hymnal, by donation)
— Howard Lee Ball
COLOR BANKBOOK
DUSINESS BANKBOOK
SVSTEM ONE
FOR ONE DISK DRIUE
SVSTEM TWO
FOR TWO DISK ORIL'ES
OCR FILE
SOPERDISK UTILITY
SEE REVIEW IN MAY '66
RAINBOW PAGE 191
RODIOLOG
SEE REVIEW IN MAY '86
RAINBOW PAGE £09
CODE PRACTICE
ORDERS OR INFORMATION
CALL 1-800-628-2828
EXTENSION 552
ALL PROGRAMS INCLUDE MANUALS ,
REQUIRE 3£K AND 1 DISK DRIVE.
ADD JE.OO SHIPPING t HANDLING
FLORIDA RES. ADD St. SALES TAX
$19.95
$49.95
$49.95
$19.95
$ 9.95
* 9.95
$ 9.95
-©
sraaosB
sfxpimHiGa
RAINBOW
8901 NW 26
SUNRISE, FL
ST DEPT
33322
R
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 141
Look What's New at NOVASOFT!
Top-quality software at
affordable prices, written by
well-known authors in 6809
Machine Language
NEW RELEASE
DONUT DILEMMA
Angry Angelo has raided Antonio's Donut
Factory sending the entire complex amuck!
Donuts have come alive and all the
machines are out of control. You must
reach floor 10, past the Fat Spurters,
Cream Blasters and Berserk Bucket to
name a few, and deactivate the power
generator to restore law and order. But
hurry! Time is running out!
Requires 32K
T ape $21.95 Disk $24.95
Maui Vice
Step into the shoes of Crockett & Tubbs,
and gather evidence, photographs and wit-
nesses to convict your suspects! With
"windows" to select your options, hi-res
graphics, and a new story generated each
time you play. This is state-of-the-art that
guarantees excitement and newness every
time you play.
64K Ext. Basic & Joystick Required
Disk $21.95
Other Best Sellers
The Misadventures of Eddie — Eddie is
roaming through time creating havoc-and
you must bring him home! Over 140 loca-
tions, 50+ commands, hi-res grapic
adventure. 64K Disk $21.95
Brewmaster-Move along the end of the
bars, serving beer to your thirsty customers.
Fast-paced action. 32K & Joystick.
Tape $14.95 Disk $17.95
Martian Crypt-Life once existed on Mars!
Find the hidden Martian crypt. Animated
hi-res graphic adventure with sound effects.
32K Tape S1 8.95 Disk $21.95
FOURCUBE
Now you can play TIC-TAC-TOE in 3D. The
board consists of a 4x4x4 grid of cells. Pit
your wits against the computer with six
levels of difficulty or against your favorite
opponent. Sound easy? Try it and you'll
agree with us when we say its a "real
challenge".
Requires 32K 1 or 2 Playe rs
Tape $15.95 Disk $18.95
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Moneyopoly
Play the popular board game on one of
the most realistic computer game simula-
tions ever! Contains all the features of the
original. Buy, sell, rent, wheel & deal your
way to fortune.
32K Joystick Required
Tape $19.95 Disk $22.95
Vegas Game Pak
Six games in all! Blackjack. Keno, Video
Poker & 3 slot machine lookalikes. Super
graphics!
16K Ext. Basic Required
Tape $24.95 Disk $27.95
NEW RELEASE
LUNCHTIME
Your chef, Peter Pepper, is surrounded!
Dodge pickles, hot dogs, and eggs while
building hamburgers. This high res game
features 7 difficult levels of wild entertain-
ment. Fast paced action for either one or
two players. Have a Burger Time. . .
Requires 32K & Joysticks
Tape $18.95 Disk $21.9 5
Tom Mix Products at
New Reduced Prices!
Sailor Man-Defeat the bigfatbadguy and
win Elsie's heart. Super graphics.
64K Ta p e $24.95 Disk $27.95
Dragon Slayer— Defeat the dragon by
finding your way through a mountain maze.
Gather treasure but avoid the deadly traps!
160 exciting screens.
32K S Joystick or Keyboard
Disk $24.95
The King—
32K Tape $24.95 Disk $27.95
Draconian—
32K Tape $19.95 Disk $22.95
Ms. Maze—
32K Tape $1 9.95 Disk $22.95
Kater Pillar II-
16K Tape $19.95 Disk $22.95
Warehouse Mutants-
16K Tape $18.95 Disk $21.95
Buzzard Bait—
32K Tape S19.95 Disk $22.95
NOVASOFT
A Tom Mix Company
P.O. Box 201
Ada, Michigan 49301
616/676-8172
Ordering Information
Add $3 shipping/handling
Ml residents add 4% sales tax
Dealers welcome
Many more titles-write for free catalog!
Credit Card Orders
Call 616/676-8172
m t ^
rMottacCamj
TOM MIX'S MINI-CATALOG
Educational Best-Sellers!
P-51 Mustang
Attack/Flight Simulation
The ultimate video experience! Link two
CoCo's together by cable or modem, and
compete against your opponent across
the table OR across the country! (Both
computers require a copy of this program).
The P-51 (light simulator lets you fly this WWII
attack lighter in actual combat situations—
against another player OR against the
computer.
32K Machine La n guage
Flight M anual Included
TapeS29.95 Disk S34.95
Worlds of Flight
Small Plane Simulation
Real-time simulation generates panoramic
3-D views of ground features as you fly
your sophisticated plane in any of nine
different "worlds." Program models over 35
different aircraft/flight parameters. Realistic
sound effects too! Manual included helps
you through a typical short flight.
32K Machine Language
Flight Man ual Included
Joysticks Required
TapeS29:95 Disk $34.95
Teachers Database II— Allows teachers
to keep computerized files of students.
Recently updated with many new features!
• Up to 1 00 students, 24 items per student
• Many easy-to-follow menus
• Records can be changed, deleted,
combined
• Statistical analysis of scores
• Grades can be weighed, averaged,
percentaged
• Individual progress reports
• Student seating charts
• Test result graphs/grade distribution
charts
64K TDBII $59.95 Disk Only
32K TDBI $42.95 Tape $39.95
NOW AVAILABLE FOR IBM PC &
COMPATIBLES-Holds information on up to
250 students with as many as 60 individual
items of data for each. Contains the
features listed above PLUS.
Requires 12BK - $89.95
Factpack -Three programs lor home or
school use provide drill and practice with
basic "-/+/-/x" Grades 1-6.
32 K Ext. Basic
Tape $24.95 Disk $29.95
Vocabulary Management System-Helps
children learn and practice using vocabu-
lary and spelling words. Eleven programs
including three printer segments for tests,
puzzles, worksheets and five games; many
features make this a popular seller!
Requires 16K Ext. Basic/
32K for Printer Output
Tape $39.95 Disk $42.95
Fractions-A Three-Program Package.
1 /Mixed & Improper 2/Equivalence
3/Lowest Terms. Practice, review and defi-
nitions make learning easy.
32K Ext. Basic
Tape $30.95 Disk S 35.95
NEW RELEASE
GOLD FINDER
Here's the quality you have come to expect
from TOM MIX. Another outstanding color
computer game. This one ranks right up
there with "Donkey Kong". Listen to this:
69 levels for one or two players PLUS you
can create your own levels (up to 306 on
a disk). Endless possibilities await you in
this exciting new creation. Move over
Goldrunner and Loderunner, here comes
GOLD FINDER. . .
32K & Joysticks Required
Disk $27.95
We Have More Software
Available Than Listed Here.
Please Write for a Free Catalog !
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NEW RELEASE
THE BLACK HOLE
For anyone who enjoys solving a challeng-
ing logical puzzle, here is a 3-dimensional
puzzle composed of 63 numbered cubes
in a 4 by 4 by 4 array that leaves one
BLACK HOLE. You tell the computer to sort
the cubes and the computer tells you to put
them in numerical order. A real brain
bender. Outstanding color and action.
Years of entertainment. . .
For IBM PC & Compatibles
$24.95
More Tandy-IBM/PC software available.
Unique Utilities!
New! Use the tools we've used to create
"Donkey King," "Sailor Man" and others!
• Full use of 64K RAM
• 100% Machine Language
• No ROM Calls
■ Selectable Drive
■ Support 1-4 drives
• Menu Selected functions
• "Cold Start" exit to Basic
• Parameters easily changeable in basic
loader
MAS Assembler-the finest ever!
(Includes EDT)
Disk $74.95
EDT- Effortless full screen editing w/2-way
cursor. Text files to 48K+. Copy, save,
move, delete, print blocks, much more!
Disk $39.95
Deputy Inspector-Alphabetize, resort and
backup directory; fast 3-swap backups,
copy files or programs, auto-reallocate
granules during backup for faster loading,
more!
Disk $21.95
Sector Inspector-Alphabetize, backupand
print directory; repair crashes, LLIST basic
programs, read in and edit 23+ grans,
much more!
Disk $29.95
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 201
Ada, Michigan 49301
616/676-8172
Ordering Information
•Call us at 61 6/676-81 72
for Charge Card orders
• Add $3.00 postage and
handling
■ Ml residents add 4%
sales tax
• Authors— We pay top
royalties!
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VISA'
Software Review*
7fZ\
Disk Programming Package
Provides Additional Security
From time to time everyone sits in front of his CoCo and
thinks, "I sure wish someone would write a utility to do that.
It would be so nice!" At least four of those wishes have now
come true thanks to Bob van der Poel Software's Disk
Programming Package.
The Disk Programming Package consists of four utilities
that could be of use to all Disk BASIC programmers. The
four utilities are ADDML, which appends machine
language subroutines to your BASIC program; UN-
PACKER, which reverses the action of BASIC line packers;
MLBASIC, which converts a BASIC program to a machine
language file; and JOIN, which links several machine
language routines into one file and optionally adds an auto-
exec feature.
The four utilities come on a single disk, which is not copy
protected. The documentation consists of five sheets of
typewritten instructions written in a chatty, friendly style
that leads you through the operation of each of the utilties.
The programs run exactly as the instructions state. The
operation of the four utilities is so simple, I was able to run
all of them without having to look at the instructions.
THE RAINBOW'S
"One-Liner Contest
'has now been expanded
to include programs of
either one or two lines. This
means a new dimension and new
opportunity for those who have "really
neat" programs that simply just won't fit in
one line.
Here are the guidelines: The program must
work in Extended basic, have only one or two
line numbers and be entirely self-contained —
no loading other programs, no calling ROM
routines, no poked-in machine language code.
The program has to run when typed in directly
(since that's how our readers will use it). Make
sure your line, or lines, aren't packed so tightly
that the program won't list completely. Finally,
any instructions needed should
be very short.
Send your entry
(preferably on cassette) to:
The ADDML utility is perhaps the most useful utility of
the four. With it. you can take a BASIC program, code the
slow parts in machine language, and then use the utility to
combine the two into one file. When you run the utility,
it asks you for the name of the BASIC program to add the
machine language routine to, the name of the machine
language file, and the name of the file to write the combined
output to. The disk then churns for a while and you have
a new BASIC program file, which is the original BASIC
program and the machine language routine combined. The
new BASIC program can be edited and re-saved many times
because the machine language part now "rides" along with
it in memory and on disk at the bottom of the new BASIC
program. Also created is an extra line in the new BASIC
program to calculate the execution offset of the machine
language routine.
The UNPACK.ER utility is designed to reverse the effects
of BASIC packer programs that delete spaces and create
multi-statement lines when they can. Although a specific
packer program is mentioned in the documentation, I found
out that UNPACKER will take any BASIC program, packed
or not, and create a new program with one statement per
line and spaces between all the BASIC keywords.
MLBASIC is a fascinating utility. It converts a BASIC
program from BASIC format to a format that can then only
be loaded with the LOflDM command. In addition, it encrypts
the BASIC program and provides for protection against the
BREAK key. With this utility, you can easily protect a BASIC
program from being listed, edited or changed in any way.
The machine language file that MLBASIC creates is fully
ready to be placed on a PROM chip. The documentation
states that this utility may cause problems on CoCos with
Extended BASIC 1.0 because of the PCLEAR bug.
The final utility, JOIN, lets you take several machine
language files and merge them all together into one file. You
may also add an autoexec option to your new file.
Bob van der Poel has provided all CoCo users with a set
of utilities that are both useful and practical. The Disk
Programming Package is easy to use and well-documented.
Dr. Megabyte recommends these utilities to anyone who
may have a use for them.
(CMD Micro, 10447-124 Street, Edmonton, Alberta,
Canada T5N 1R7; 403-488-7109, S14.95 plus S2 S/H)
— Mark E. Sunderlin
One-Liner Contest Winner . . .
Type this one, but try to guess what it does before
you run it.
The listing:
1)3 PMODE4,l:PCLS:SCREENl,l:PMODE
3,1: F0RPL=1T03 3 : D=RND ( 3 ) +1 : F=RND
(256 ) -1 :G=RND( 192 )-l: CIRCLE (F,G)
, 11, D, 1: PAINT (F,G) ,D,D:LINE(F,G+
8)-(F,G+18) ,PSET:NEXTPL:FOR HT=1
T04 4 4 * 3 : NEXTHT : GOTO 10
John Beck
Suilland, MD
{For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Rainhow
Simulations Tape.)
144
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Software Reviewi
r/^\
You Can Have 3-D Graphics
Without the Glasses
As you may have noticed, one of the things the CoCo
does best is graphics. Logicware has developed a program
that makes CoCo shine in that regard, and with a Hair.
This machine language program is available on tape or
disk and needs 64K of RAM and Extended Color BASIC.
It is not copy-protected so a backup copy is possible. A 29-
page detailed set of instructions is well-done and full of
examples on how to put the program through its paces.
3-D Graphics provides simultaneous rotation, move-
ment, zoom and animation of 3-D graphics images. The
images can be printed on most dot matrix printers; the
program is specifically designed to work with Radio Shack
printers.
Samples of what can be done with this software are
provided. You can see a spaceship (The Enterprise), a cube,
a sphere and a pyramid, all of which rotate and move about
the screen to show every perspective.
Running the program is as simple as loading and
executing THREED. You are prompted to enter a command.
Pressing H provides a menu of options. A demonstration
of 3-D with animation of the spaceship can be viewed.
A zero is used for the shortest possible delay time between
successive graphics images. It provides very smooth
rotation and alternate views of the spaceship. Increasing the
value results in stop-action-type still shots. Exit the viewing
mode by pressing the ENTER key.
A demonstration is also provided using a sphere, a cube
and a pyramid. The unique thing about this demo is that
not only are the objects rotating and moving on the screen,
but the pyramid actually zooms from a small to a large size
giving it the appearance of real 3-D as it moves toward the
viewer. A pretty neat trick — and no 3-D glasses!
Some other unusual techniques are possible with this
program. You can select a single view of any of the objects
and make it as small or as large as you like.
It takes about 2/2 minutes for the view to be completed,
and it remains on the screen. While the picture is drawn on
a black background, it can be inverted by pressing 1 and
ENTER. At this point you can send the picture to the printer.
As you can see, the commands are very powerful and
allow the programmer almost unlimited freedom in ways
to view an object. Since the size of the object on the screen
is proportional to the Scale Value, the objects size can be
changed easily. The Standing Point of Observation Value
(SPO) can also be changed for close-up or far away views.
The X, Y and Z values of rotation and translation are
extremely useful. The center of the screen represents a value
of zero while positive values of X go to the right and negative
values to the left. The Y values are positive going up and
negative going down from the center. The Z values are
positive coming toward the user (out of the screen) and
negative going away from the user (into the screen). In a
similar fashion, the X, Y and Z translations move the object
off of center.
Also included is a program called Edit. This program is
used to create your own 3-D graphics images. The user
enters appropriate coordinates to create any image the
imagination can dream up, although I found this part of
the program to be a little user hostile. You have to resort
to pencil and paper to create these images, since you are
dealing with tri-axis information. While this is complex, it
is not impossible and I suspect that many CoCo users will
catch on quickly. I also feel that the Edit program is lacking
in one important area. It needs a way to "see" what's going
on. As it stands, you can't see the fruits of your labor
without first saving the file and then looking at it with the
THREED program. Another useful feature would be a disk
command to allow the user to see the directory. A Dir option
would be a real help since you wouldn't have to break out
of the program to see the filenames you couldn't remember
or forgot to write down.
In spite of these shortcomings, 3-D Graphics is a powerful
program that allows talented programmers to create some
very interesting 3-D images. The authors, Robert Steidl and
Johnathan Lein, have put together a useful package that
challenges graphics lovers in a unique and imaginative way.
You will soon find out that your imagination does not have
to be limited to flat screen images, but can display depth
and movement in a way not often seen on the likes of a
CoCo.
(Logicware, 730 W. McDowell Rd., Phoenix AZ 85007; 602-
821-2465, $32.95 plus $3 S/H)
— Jerry Semones
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 145
THE CENTRAL SOURCE FOR COCO SUPPORT
presents . . .
Fast Delivery... Friendly Service
New Low Prices . . .
SEIKOSHA
SP-1000A
100 cps draft
20cpsNLQ
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' 1.5 K buffer
2 yr. Warranty
/^\
REVIEWED IN
OCTOBER 86 RAINBOW
Parallel printer
with Metric Industries
Model 104 interface. ..
No*
With phh-64 interface with 64K BUFFER!
$209. 00
$249. 00
$299. 00
Koco MaHi
A D The Complete . . . *ff
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CTj^Dt)itr Joystick
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uitn Y-cablf
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LATEST VERSION
FEATURES . . .
• 14 fonts
• Shrink, Stretch
Rotate
•Mullipledrives
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UPGRADES AVAILABLE
Disk I to II 20. 00
Tape I to Disk II
25.°°
Max Edit 19.95
Picture disks 29.95
set of 3
1U»! DELUXE JOYSTICK. ^
FOR COLOR COMPUTER
• Open gimbal design
i Self-centering or free-floating operation
• Mechanical trim on both axes
' Eight foot cable
DEALER INQUIRES INVITED
REVIEWED IN AUGUST 86 RAINBOW
$27.50 each
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CHOOSE FROM OUR LARGE
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B5 ... Colorware ... Derringer ... Diecom ... Dynacaic ... Elite ...
Four Star ... HJL ... J & M ... Mark Data ... Metric Industries ...
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Yes! We have COCO GRAPHICS DESIGNER!
• Call •
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CS35S81
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Write
2235 Losantiville. Cincinnati, OH 45237
Software Review.
Tr^\
"• icMrgtdftl our ACTUAL C05T
ndrnti add S 4 ' . 5*i» t .. . COD add 2 00
Make Your Own Banner
Banner is designed to print banners, which it does without
fuss or fanfare. The 1 6-page booklet of instructions is well-
written. In clear, simple, easy-to-understand language it
tells how to load the program and operate it.
Need a "HAPPY BIRTHDAY" sign for the kiddie party
or a "VOTE FOR JOHN HATHAWAY" sign for the
political rally? Banner produces what you want with
neatness and dispatch. Well, the dispatch depends on the
printer. I used 600 baud and the speed was satisfactory, but
not blinding. If your equipment permits, you can have only
one cup of coffee while printing a sign of several words, but
don't expect the printer to throw it out faster than you can
fold the output.
The menus are clear, complete and easy to use. When the
program is loaded with L0RDI1 "BANNER, the first menu
comes up on the monitor and asks what baud rate to use.
After selecting a baud rate, you are asked if you want a line
feed after each carriage return. After you answer this
question the main menu comes up, providing eight possible
selections. The first selection invites you to enter the
message you want printed on the banner. Just type out the
message as if you were using a typewriter and press ENTER.
Next, select Display Message and check your entry for
correctness. If all is well, select Print and watch the banner
being prepared before your very eyes!
Banner uses Xs to fill out the characters on the sign or
banner unless you select a different character at the main
menu, such as graphics blocks for solid figures. The letters
are Roman, well-proportioned and neatly formed. The
result is easy to read and makes an attractive display.
Other selections from the main menu permit entries of
various printer codes to change the height of the characters,
etc.
Banner is a fun program and I recommend it even if you
don't need banners!
(B. Erickson Software, P. O. Box 1 1099, Chicago, IL 6061 1;
312-276-9712, $25)
— Charles L. Redman, Jr.
Hint
GIME That Lowercase
This one is for the CoCo 3. As you well know, the
Color Computer features true lowercase in the 40- and
80-column modes, but not in the 32-column mode.
However, the GIME allows emulation of the
MC6847T1 . To enable the lowercase in the 32-column
mode, just enter P0KE&H95C9,8.H7F:P0KE8.HFF
33,&H10.
Bob Rosen
Howard Beach, NY
146
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Software Review!
t/7?\
Easy To-Use D.L. LOGO Is as
Simple as ABC
What is D.L LOGO? In a nutshell, D.L. LOGO is a
programming language that uses English instead of
symbolic commands. No line numbers are used, as it is also
a structured language. It has gained popularity in educa-
tional circles, and seems to be a good introd uctory language.
Many school systems are standardizing on D.L. LOGO tor
young students.
To run D.L. LOGO on your Color Computer you must
have a 64K Color Computer and one disk drive. The
programming language uses the OS-9 operating system and
is a good example of quality OS-9 programming. But you
don't need OS-9 to use LOGO. A boot program is included
in the back of the manual for users with Disk BASIC 1.0.
To use all of the functions you also need the following
optional equipment: Multi-Pak, Speech/ Sound Cartridge.
X-Pad Graphics Tablet, two joysticks and a dot matrix
printer. For speech capabilities you need both the Multi-Pak
and Speech/ Sound Cartridge. The Multi-Pak is also
recommended for the X-Pad.
The documentation is excellent. The manual is slightly
over 400 pages long and starts with the very basics and
continues with a logical progression of all of the commands
and functions. Many programming examples are given and
a summary is included at the end of each chapter. I would
classify the manual as hands-on and informative, but not
technical.
for program development, and the other is a graphics screen
for programs. When using the graphics screen, 16 back-
ground and foreground colors are possible. English
commands are used to move the turtle around the graphics
screen. The turtle leaves a tail. The graphics screen has 256
horizontal and 192 vertical steps.
You can do more than draw with D.L. LOGO. As in any
other programming language, both string and numerical
variables are supported. A full set of numerical and logical
functions is included with variable precision from zero (an
integer) to 100 places. When first loaded the precision is set
to two places.
Sound/ Speech is supported by SHY and SOUND primitives.
( D. L. LOGO calls commands primitives.) Using these audio
commands, an example is given for how to use your CoCo
as a talking alarm clock. How about that?
A full set of file-handling commands is also included. An
editor is included for memory-resident files. As in any other
language, you can store and retrieve files using your disks.
One example in the manual is a disk catalog program.
Dale Lear, the author of D.L. LOGO, has really done
justice to LOGO for the Color Computer. 1 am pleased to
see Radio Shack make the commitment to education by the
introduction of this type of program.
There was one problem. 1 never could get the demo
program to fully execute. I kept getting an OM Error.
Several other programming examples on the production
disk ran without a flaw.
1 recommend D.L. LOGO as a full implementation of
LOGO for the Color Computer. If you are having trouble
understanding BASIC, or are already familiar with LOGO, try
it; it's like learning your ABCs.
Editor's Note: Hotel CoCo. a game requiring D.L. LOGO, is scheduled
to appear in next month's issue.
D.L. LOGO uses a method of drawing called "turtle
graphics." Two types of screens are used. One is a text screen
(Available in Radio Shack stores nationwide. Catalog No.
26-3033, $99.95)
— Dan Downard
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 147
Software Review^
7r7Z\ Hardware Review!
f/W\
Map 'n Zap Relieves Disk
System Headaches
Do you want to learn about how and where programs
are actually stored on your disks? Have you ever had the
frustrating experience of I/O Errors with your disks? Have
you ever killed a file only to immediately (yet, not quickly
enough) realize it was your favorite game from THE
RAINBOW? Then Map "n Zap is for you!
Map 'n Zap is a disk editor and repair system intended
for anyone who has discovered the headaches that go with
owning a disk system. This person might be a layman or
a big-time "hacker." Disk drives really are nice. They
provide a great amount of fast and usually reliable data
storage. Occasionally, though, things go awry and you are
stuck with a disk you would like to use for a coffee cup
coaster. The Map 'n Zap manual, along with the associated
programs, will take you away from your misery and put you
back in business.
With Map 'n Zap, you can alter how data appears on the
disk. You can edit the directory and restore those inadvert-
ently killed files. You can even edit your programs directly
on the disk. The included manual lakes you from step one
of disk repair through the entire process. At the same time,
it gives you a good deal of knowledge about your disk
system and how files are stored. While the manual may
sometimes get a little over the head of the average user, one
or two rereadings of the confusing section will usually clear
things up. It is obvious that much thought was given to
providing a package for the novice as well as for the
advanced CoCo user.
I am thoroughly impressed with what Duck Productions
has done. They have offered an excellent package, which
includes a bonus directory program and several disk
utilities, at a quite affordable price. Everyone who uses a
disk drive with his CoCo should have a disk zap program,
and Map n Zap is definitely one which should not be
overlooked.
(Duck Productions, 18 Rowe Court, Brampton, Ontario,
Canada L6X 2S2; 416-456-0032, $19.95, $24.95 Cnd.)
— Cray Augsburg
Hint . . .
Cut It Out
To obtain a printout of a disk directory from your
CoCo, first make sure your printer is set correctly and
is online. Then, type
P0KE111,254:DIR
and press ENTER. The disk will spin and your directory
will be printed out for you. You may want to cut it
out and tape it to the disk jacket so you will always
know what program is where.
The Pony Express Rides Again
In I860, when men were men and horsepower meant just
what it said, the new wonder of data transfer technology
was the Pony Express. Those brave riders sped the mail
across the mountains and prairies, from Missouri to
California, come hail or high water. The record time for the
trip was a breathtaking seven days and 17 hours. And at
a cost of $5 per half-ounce of mail.
Little more than a century later, we can send information
over far greater distances at 2,400 characters per second.
And at considerably lower cost, even though your monthly
information service bill might make that hard to believe.
With a nod to those early riders, there is an information
carrier for the new age: the Telenetics PonyExpress 24A
modem.
The PonyExpress 24A is a 2400 baud external modem,
featuring asynchronous operation, auto-dial/auto-answer
capabilities and complete call progress monitoring. It is
fully compatible with the Hayes AT command set, and is
therefore compatible with most communications software
available.
According to the Telenetics literature, the modem was
designed for the greatest ease of operation. Only two LEDs
are located on the front panel, one for "modem ready" and
one for "on line." When you turn on or reset the modem,
it performs a self-test and the modem-ready light comes on;
when you make a connection, the on-line light comes on.
And if you have problems, a convenient reset button is
included on the front panel that puts it back through the
automatic self-test.
On the back, along with the input phone line jack, is a
jack for a telephone handset, a knob that controls the
speaker volume, a power switch and, of course, the RS-232
port to connect it to your computer. Conveniently, a bank
of four DIP switches is also located on the rear panel, rather
than hidden away inside the chassis.
I have put the PonyExpress through its paces over the
past 12 weeks, leaving it turned on for 10 hours a day even
when it wasn't being used. It has stood up to the treatment
like a champion. Had it not, it was reassuring to know that
it comes with a three-year warranty.
Of special note is that the Telenetics PonyExpress 24A
is being offered in a special online promotion on Delphi.
For S330.95, significantly below retail, you can travel across
the land with the speed of the PonyExpress. For more
information about the offer, send electronic mail to
username 2400MODEM.
(Telenetics Corporation, 895 E. Yorba Linda Blvd.,
Placentia, C\ 92670; 714-524-5770, $495)
— Kevin Nickols
148
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Software Reviewi
7fZ\
B.E.S.T. Expert
System Toolkit
Thinking Software has produced a simple menu-driven
approach to generating your own rule-based backward
chaining expert system. An expert system asks the user a
series of questions to be answered on a scale of zero to 10.
The expert then decides on a correct solution. Question-
naires that rate the level of stress in your life or your life
expectancy would be good examples of simple expert
systems. Large scale systems can be created with hundreds
of questions and dozens of possible solutions. An expert
system could be built to help you decide what's wrong with
your car or if you should take a sick pet to the vet.
Simple menus and clear prompts make B.E.S.T. easy to
use. You must type in all the questions the expert might need
to ask. Then, you type in all the possible solutions and rate
each question as it relates to the solution. You can add or
modify questions and solutions at any time, so you don't
have to complete the system in one sitting.
The expert is smart enough to ask only the questions that
it needs to decide on a solution. Often, this will be all the
questions in the system. If, however, the expert can tell from
your answers that certain solutions have zero possibility of
being true, the expert skips any further questions that deal
with those solutions.
You do need to keep in mind that the expert is only as
good as the questions and solutions that you type into it.
The expert is not smart enough to learn from experience.
Though I couldn't test it, the expert toolkit is supposed
to work on the new CoCo 3. A talking version is also
available for use with the Radio Shack speech cartridge.
Bad points: The expert toolkit would not run properly
on a CoCo 1 (D board). Software developers need to
remember that not all CoCos are 2s and 3s.
Any expert system that you create must be first booted
from the toolkit disk, making it awkward for users who are
unfamiliar with computers. Even more unfortunate is that
the toolkit disk is copy protected. This one disk that is used
to create and start-up any and all of your expert disks will
be subject to a lot of wear, yet there is no way to make a
backup for safety or to use with each expert system disk.
You can, however, order a replacement disk for $5.
The screens that display the title and directions are shown
for a set length of time. Average readers will have no
problem, but slow readers may not be able to finish reading
the directions in time. A prompt to press a key when finished
reading would have been better.
The B.E.S.T. expert system you create is rather slow as
it asks the questions, though the manual does state that the
speed-up poke can be used if your computer can handle it.
(Thinking Software, 46-1 6 65th Place, Woodside, NY 1 1377;
718-429-4922, B.E.S.T. Expert System with Stock Market
and Executive Health Expert Systems ready to consult,
S59.95; talking version, S64.95)
— James Ventling
TCE's 5 th Anniversary Catalog
is now available?
IF YOU OWN A TANDY COMPUTER THERE'S SOMETHING FOR YOUf
PROGRAMMING TOOLS
DEFT PASCAL WORKBENCH
DEFT EXTRA
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WORD PROCESSING
CHILD WRITER
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.0.4 7:4 MANAGERS
CHILD FILER
LIST MANAGER
BUSINESS MANAGER
SPREADSHEETS
CHILD CALC
SIMPLE CALC
BUSINESS CALC
EARLY LEARNING
ABC s IN COLOR
ALPHA MEMORY
HAPPY COUNT
MIX AND MATCH
MR. BEAR COUNT
MR. BEAR SPELLER
MR. PIGGY
SEE AND SPELL
TEACHING CLOCK
MATH SERIES
BASIC MATH
CRISS CROSS MATH
CRISS CROSS PLUS
FLASH CARD
FRACTIONS
FRACTION DESTROYER
FRIEND OR FOE
MATH BOMBER
MATH REVIEW
MR. BEAR FLASH CARD
MR. BEAR MATH
PLACE VALUES
REDUCING FRACTIONS
RESCUE MATH
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
ALPHA ATTACK
CAPITAL MATCH
HISTORY QUIZ
MATH QUIZ
MEMORY MATCH
QUIZ GAME
UNITED STATES
VOCAB BRUSH-UP
LANGUAGE ARTS
ALPHABETIZE
ANTONYM EXPRESS
ANTONYM MATCH
COMPUTER EASE
CRISS CROSS SPELL
ENGLISH REVIEW
HOMONYMS
NOUNS
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PLURALS
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CALL us at l-(800)-4TC-4TCE or l-(301)-963-3848
for a FREE TCE Software catalog and the latest copy of TCE NEWS.
January 1987
THE RAINBOW
149
Software Review!
7f2\
WHITEST Is the Teacher's Pet
Tests, exams and quizzes may be the cause for student
nightmares but are a vital part of a teacher's daily life.
Preparing tests is a time-consuming chore that can be made
simpler if the teacher has a CoCo and WRITEST.
WRITEST is a test preparation program that produces
many copies of Matching, Multiple Choice, True or False,
and Short Answer or Long Answer tests on your printer.
The program randomizes input or re-randomizes the order
on command. WRITEST'is programmed in BASIC allowing
changes to be easily made.
The program is written for a minimum 32K. CoCo,
requires a cassette recorder and an Epson RX-80 printer
with Graftrax. However, any 80-column printer may be
used with suitable changes in printer code. The program
uses the full capability of the printer, including Pica wide.
Elite, condensed, emphasized and double strike. Underlin-
ing and superscripts are possible, as well as a variety of
specially programmed symbols for mathematical usage such
as pi, radicals, angles and circles.
Since it's written in BASIC, the program consumes a large
amount of RAM. The instructions recognize this problem
and recommend the use of POKE 25, G to free about 1,500
bytes. Deletion of statements regarding print codes and a
possible RENUM provide another 500 bytes. Having received
the program on cassette, I first tried to copy and run it on
GRAFPLOT
NEW '
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disk but received Out of Memory statements for my trouble.
The disk operating system just takes away too much
memory from this program.
I also had problems with memory on cassette until I
followed all the recommendations for additional free
memory. Being challenged by running this program on disk,
I experimented. The POKE 25 , B : NEW shut everything down
in the disk mode. However, deleting the statements
regarding print codes and renumbering (RENUM 1,1,1)
provided sufficient memory to operate with my system.
Once 1 was past these obstacles, I was able to generate some
tough tests.
The menu for test creation is straightforward and easy
to follow. I tried all the formats and easily produced
professional looking documents. Tests can be filed (on tape)
and reloaded to be modified or used again. Options are
provided in the formats. The program also allows the
allocation of scores for each question.
The documentation is extensive, 12 pages, but 1 had a
little problem understanding what the program did until I
ran it. The author goes into features and printer codes
immediately without describing what the program can do.
The documentation is good, particularly the printer code
section for other printers, and the trouble-shooting section.
The programmer states that the program is sent at his cost
($2) and he would appreciate it if you would send "whatever
you feel it is worth, after you have had a chance to use and
evaluate it." It is difficult for me to judge the value of
WRITEST, but it is certainly capable of producing
professional exams in the formats described above and
could save time for a teacher.
(Cocosoft, Darryl L. Petrak, Beech and Broadway, Box 665,
House, NM 88121; tape only, send what it's worth to you)
— Mel Siegel
Hint . . .
Silence Is Golden
Many I/O Errors encountered when loading
programs from tape can be corrected. Often, the user
is trying to load a program with the tape positioned
past the point where that program starts. You must
start the loading process at a point where there is no
data on the tape — the quiet space between the
programs. One way to make sure you're at one of these
points is to issue the following commands:
HUDI00N:M0TDR0N
then press ENTER. You will hear the high-pitched noise
of computer data through your TV speaker. When the
noise stops, you are at a silent spot. At this point, force
a Syntax, or SN, Error by pressing a letter key and
then ENTER. You can then load your program.
150
THE RAINBOW January 1987
e**»25
&*&**'
***£>
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-jB8«%
WE'VE OUTDONE OURSELVES!
DS-69A DIGISECTOR "
THE VIDEO DIGITIZER NOBODY CAN BEAT
The DS-69A is the best video digitizer available for your COCO at any price. This new, turbocharged version of our
original DS-69 Digisector allows your 64K COCO to see clearly into the world of any television picture.
rf^
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The fastest — 8 images per second!
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Use with a black and white or color camera, a VCR or tuner.
Self contained in a plug in Rompack.
Use with a Y-cable, Multi-Pak, PBJ Bus or plug directly into the cartridge slot.
Software on disk will get you up and running fast!
POWERFUL C-SEE™ SOFTWARE
C-SEE is the menu driven software package included with your DS-69A. Available on disk or cassette, it provides
lightning fast 5 level digitizing to the screen, high precision 16 level digitizing for superb hard copy printout and
simple keyboard or joystick control of brightness and contrast. Or call our driver routines from your own Basic
program for easy 64 level random access digitizing. Pictures taken by the DS— 69A may be saved on disk or
cassette by C-SEE and then edited with COCO MAX, MAGIGRAPH or GRAPHICOM for special effects. Any of the
popular printers may be used to obtain printouts of images digitized by the DS-69A.
ONE YEAR WARRANTY
DS-69A Digisector & C-SEE III Software $149.95
OR your DS-69 & $ 59.95
MAGIGRAPH Graphics Editor on disk $ 39.95
o*
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C oC° 3
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THERE'S ONLY ONE BETTER VIDEO DIGITIZER . . .
And that's the DS-69A. The DS-69 is The Micro Works' original video digitizer, tried and true since 1984. It provides
almost all the features of the DS-69A and is now available at a new low price. The D&69 features;
SLUGGISHNESS 2 images per second. Quick enough to freeze all but the fastest moving pictures.
INCOMPATIBILITY Brightly colored scenes may be striped when using a color camera.
INCONVENIENCE Will not work with a Y cable.
Otherwise, it's a DS-69A. Precision, resolution, compactness, ease of use, software and warranty.
Except one last thing.
DS-69 Digisector & C-SEE III Software $ 99.95
Superb image quality produced by both Digisectors.
Screen
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If you are not completely satisfied with the performance of your new DS-69A or DS-69
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HARDWARE PROJECT
The CoCo ROS, Part II:
Building the ROS Circuit
By Dennis H. Weide
Last month, I introduced you to the
CoCo ROS and gave you a brief
explanation of what it can do. This
month, I'd like to show you the actual
ROS circuit and give some tips on how
to build and test it. I'll explain how the
circuit works and how to program it.
The ROS Design
The idea for the ROS circuit came
from the book TRS-80 Models 1, 1 11. &
Color Computer Interfacing Projects,
by William Barden, Jr. It's an excellent
book on interfacing projects and shows
various methods for interfacing the
CoCo. Borrowing from his idea, I've
increased the capacity of the original
circuit by adding a second 8255 Proces-
sor Peripheral Interface chip and pro-
viding the proper address, read/ write
and chip select (CS) decoding for it.
Figure 1 is the programmable periph-
eral interface circuit used by the ROS.
We'll refer to it as the Robot Operating
System Signal Processor circuit or
simply the ROSSP. It uses two 8255
PPI chips whose data buses are con-
nected in parallel. The chip select (CS)
Dennis Weide is a communications
technician for AT&T communications
in Albuquerque. New Mexico, where he
programs AT&T and IBM PCs. He
enjoys making toys and teaching com-
puter programming.
o
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Figure 1
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 153
Figure 2: PPI Control Word Layout
Bit
Function
Port C (lower)
l=Inpui
0=Outpul
1
Port B
l=Inpul
0=Output
2
Mode select
0=Modc0
l = Mode 1
3
Port C (upper)
l=Input
0=Output
4
Port A
l=Input
0=Output
5.6
Mode select
00= Mode
01=Mode I
10=Mode 2
7
Mode set Hag
1= Active
Examples:
Dec
Binary
Input
Output
Value
Value
Ports
Ports
128
10000000
None
A.B.C
129
10000001
C(lower)
A.B.C(upper)
130
10000010
B
A,C
131
10000011
B.C(lower)
A
136
10001000
C(upper)
A.B.C(lower)
144
10010000
A
B.C
146
10010010
A,B
C
154
10011011
A.B.C.
None
Decimal value to be poked into &HFF43.&HFF47
XXXX is the hexadecimal address to
load and YYY is the value (0-255) to
write. For example, to write to address
SFF40 Port PA3 only. POKE &HFF40,B;
8 is the binary value of Bit 3. You can
use the AND. OR and NOT functions to
control multiple actions from the same
address. Figure 3 shows how I wired the
inputs and outputs for use in the
ROSSP. Each 8255 PPI chip requires
one circuit of Figure 3. Only one bit of
each chip is shown wired although all
bits must be. For IC 2, the pin designa-
tions change from 1-8 to 10-16. All
other designations stay the same. Be-
sides the ROSSP, this circuit has many
other useful applications.
A Look at the Octal Buffers
For buffering between the 8255s and
the peripheral equipment. I've used
74LS240s and 74LS244s. These 20-pin
DIP octal buffers/ line drivers are ca-
pable of handling 40 milliamps of
current: enough to drive high-resistance
relays or LEDs. The 74LS240 buffer
inverts the input signal; the 74LS244
doesn't. Using these two buffers, you
can design many different circuit con-
figurations. For the ROSSP, the enable
leads (pins I and 19) are grounded to
enable all outputs at all times. In Figure
lead uses the A2 Address Lead and three
gates to select one of the PPI chips.
Address leads A0 and Al allow you to
select one of three addresses per chip to
read or write. For the ROSSP. we've
chosen two addresses on each chip for
outputs (distributors) and one for in-
puts (scans). Later, I'll show you how
to program the PPI chip for all inputs
or all outputs.
A Look at the PPI
The 8255 PPI is a 40-pin DIP IC that
has three programmable modes. The
mode I've chosen (Mode 0) allows for
two output ports (ports A and B) and
one input port (Port C). The outputs are
latched and must be set and reset as
desired. The inputs follow the state of
the peripheral. To program the PPI.
poke the control word for the proper
mode according to Figure 2. The ad-
dresses for each PPI chip are shown in
Figure 1 in parentheses. The control
word is address SFF43 for IC 1 and
SFF47 for IC 2. To program each PPI
for two outputs and one input port,
POKE &HFF43,&H89 and POKE
&HFF47,&HB9. To read the input ports,
print PEEK(&HFF42) and print
PEEK(&HFF4G). To write to the output
ports, POKE S.HXXXX. YYY where
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Figure 3
PB3 II
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154
THE RAINBOW January 1987
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3, the 74LS240's drive relays direct. A
high on any input to the buffer causes
a low output, which in turn operates the
relay. The ROS program is designed so
that only one relay can operate at a
time, thus allowing the entire ROSSP
to be powered from the computer. Use
relays with a high resistance winding so
that current requirements are kept as
low as possible. If you build a separate
+5-volt power supply, be sure to keep
a common ground between the comput-
er and the ROSSP.
To operate any particular relay, write
the bit value of that relay to the address
of that port. When any port of the 8255
is poked to zero, all relays are released.
When it's poked with a value between
1 and 255, the corresponding relays will
operate.
Building the ROSSP
Building the ROSSP circuit is easy.
We won't go through a step-by-step
description of how to build it because
construction isn't critical. I'll give you
whatever hints are necessary to help you
along. If you're inexperienced in circuit
construction, I recommend you study
the article and schematics carefully
before beginning. If necessary, find
someone in your local CoCo club to
guide you along. After you've built this
project, you'll be ready for almost
anything.
If possible, use wire-wrap connec-
tions and 30-gauge wire. You can use
point-to-point soldering, but wire wrap-
ping is faster and easier. Keep the leads
from the ROM port to the PPIs as short
as possible. Use . 1 mfd capacitors across
the power leads of all ICs to prevent
high-speed switching errors. All other
wiring is non-critical.
I used a double-sided Vector 3795
board with a pin spacing of .1 inch. I
had to cut the pins on each side of the
board to make it a 40-pin board. Any
double-sided circuit board with a pin
spacing of .1 inches and at least 40 pins
can be modified to work. If you use the
Vector board, you'll have to add on a
piece of perfboard to fit the entire
circuit. Use 1C sockets and IDs for the
bottom of the sockets to assist in wiring.
Check all connections carefully and
confirm your wiring with an ohmmeter
before installing the ICs or plugging the
board into the computer. When the
wiring is correct, you're ready to plug
it in and test it.
Testing the ROSSP
Using the program listing and last
month's logic tester, you can test the
circuit. First, turn off the computer.
Then plug the ROSSP into the ROM
port. Be sure that the circuit board fits
properly into the port. A shorted pin
could destroy the 6809E microproces-
sor chip. Connect the logic tester to +5
volt (red lead) and ground (black lead)
of the ROSSP then turn the computer
power on. Load and run the BASIC
program.
Follow the instructions on the screen
to test the two 8255 PPI chips and the
four 74LS240 buffer chips. Test the
74LS244 buffer chips using the PEEK
command and grounding the input
leads one at a time. A grounded input
lead will cause the corresponding bit to
be reset when the PEEK command is
executed. If no input leads are
grounded, the PEEK command will
return a value of 255.
Next month, we'll take a look at the
ROS program and discuss how to con-
nect the circuit to the Robotix R-2000
kit. We'll also take a look at a sample
ROS program. Until then, have fun
with this one. □
>^
,19,:
h ' 14 '
20,21,22,23,24,25,3,5,7,9,12
L6,18
>i
Y 2300 143
4200 78
2000
CLS: PRINT: PRINT
5800 4
2100
PRINTTAB(6) "ROSPPI TEST PRO
END 62
GRAM
*i O f% (%
i
1
ZZyjyj i-r^xiN j. i rt*.±vi x x.rtD ^ «* ) x . ilbi o
255 PPI'S "
The listing: ROS TEST
2 300
PRINT:PRINTTAB(4) "2. TEST 7
4LS2<
10 BUFFERS"
100 ' PROGRAM LISTING 1
2400
PRINT : PRINTTAB ( 4 ) "3. END CI
200 ' ROS TEST PROGRAM
RCUIT TEST"
300 ' BY DENNIS H. WEIDE
2500
PRINT : PRINTTAB ( 4 ) " ENTER ONE
400 ■ (C) 1986
OF THE ABOVE";
500 ' FOR TESTING THE ROSPI
3 I 2 600
INPUT Q
CIRCUIT
2700
ON Q GOTO 3000,3500,2900
600 '
2800
GOTO 2000
700 '
2900
CLS: END
800 CLS:P0KE &HFF43 , 137 : POKE &J
IF 3000
AD=&HFF40:IC=1:P=1:GOSUB 43
F47,137
00
900 POKE &HFF40,0:POKE &HFF41,Ji
J 3100
AD=&HFF41:IC=l:P=2:GOSUB 43
1000 POKE &HFF4 4,0: POKE &HFF45,
00
1100 FOR X=0 TO 7
3200
AD=&HFF44:IC=2:P=l:GOSUB 43
1200 READ Y:PA(X)=Y:NEXT X
00
1300 FOR X=0 TO 7
3 300
AD=&HFF45:IC=2:P=2:GOSUB 43
1400 READ Y:PB(X)=Y:NEXT X
00
1500 FOR X=0 TO 7
3 400
GOTO 2000
1600 READ Y:PC(X)=Y:NEXT X
3 500
IC=5:AD=&HFF40:GOSUB 6100
170.0 PRINT
3 600
IC=6:AD=&HFF41:GOSUB 6100
1800 ' SET PIN NUMBERS
3700
IC=8:AD=&HFF44:GOSUB 6100
1900 DATA 4,3,2,1,40,39,38,37,]
L8 3800
IC=9:AD=&HFF45:GOSUB 6100
156
THE RAINBOW January 1987
3900 GOTO 2000
5600 NEXT X
4000 '
5700 RETURN
4100 ' 8255 TEST SUBROUTINE
5800 ■
4200 '
5900 ' 74LS240 TEST SUBROUTI
4300 CLS:PRINT"SET LOGIC TESTER
NE
TO RED"
6000 '
4400 FOR X=0 TO 7
6100 CLS:PRINT"SET LOGIC TESTER
4 500 IF P=l THEN 4 600 ELSE IF P=
TO GREEN"
2 THEN 4700
6200 FOR X=0 TO 7
4600 PRINT@64 , "ADDR="HEX$ (AD) »
6300 PRINT§64 , "ADDR="HEX$ (AD) "
IC="IC" PIN="PA(X) :GOTO 4800
IC="IC" PIN="PC(X)
4700 PRINT@64 , "ADDR="HEX$ (AD) "
6400 PRINT@12 8,"OUTPUT
IS HIGH (
IC="IC" PIN="PB(X)
GREEN) "
4800 PRINT@128,"OUTPUT
IS LOW (R
6500 PRINT: INPUT "PRESS
<ENTER> T
ED)"
CONTINUE" ;Q
4900 PRINT: INPUT" PRESS
<ENTER> T
6600 POKE AD,2 A X
CONTINUE ";Q
6700 PRINT@12 8,"OUTPUT
IS LOW (R
5000 POKE AD,2 A X
ED)"
5100 PRINT@128, "OUTPUT
IS HIGH (
6800 PRINT: INPUT" PRESS
<ENTER> T
GREEN) "
CONTINUE" ;Q
5200 PRINT: INPUT "PRESS
<ENTER> T
6900 POKE AD,0
CONTINUE" ;Q
7000 PRINT@ 12 8, "OUTPUT
IS HIGH (
5300 POKE AD,0
GREEN) "
5400 PRINT@128, "OUTPUT
IS LOW (R
7100 PRINT: INPUT" PRESS
<ENTER> T
ED)"
CONTINUE" ;Q
5500 PRINT: INPUT "PRESS
<ENTER> T
7200 NEXT X
CONTINUE" ;Q
7 300 RETURN
/R\
PLUG THIS INTO YOUR COCO
Engage mind and Connect the world
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outside devices and instruments)
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January 1987 THE RAINBOW 157
TUTORIAL
Add a touch of professionalism
and pizazz to program menus
The Menu Selector
By Bill Bernico
I write a lot of programs that use
menus. These menus typically have
numbers next to each selection. To
use that selection, you need only press
that number and the program branches
off accordingly. Well, that's OK if you Ye
a no-nonsense programmer looking to
create a bare-bones program and save
as much memory as possible. However,
if you want to add that extra touch to
your program, here's a way to make the
menu selections a little more interesting.
Look at the listing. Line 50 prints out
the menu, just as you'd have to do with
the old method. Lines 1000 to 1600 are
merely samples of how the menu
branches off. In your actual program
you would replace these sections with
routines from your own program.
Line 1700 is there so you can keep
trying the program over and over. It
can, and should, be deleted when you
use this for your own program.
That leaves lines 60 to 150, the "meat"
of this whole routine. Let's look at
Bill Bernico is a self-taught compulerist
who enjoys golf, music and program-
ming. He is a drummer with a rock band
and lives in Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
158 THE RAINBOW January 1987
what's happening in each of them. What
looks like an underline in Line 60 is
actually a left arrow, created by pressing
SHIFT and the up arrow. The printer
prints it as an underline. Just substitute
a left arrow for it. Also, the up arrow
in Line 70 is printed as an up arrow
without the tail (it's called a caret).
Line 60 prints the left arrow at Screen
Position 180, which is just to the right
of the first selection. In Line 70, just
before the familiar INKEYS statement,
you see two pokes. Inserting these two
pokes immediately before this INKEYS
statement allows the INKEYS command
to repeat. Without these two pokes the
program will still work but you'll have
to press the arrow key each time you
want to move the arrow up or down.
With the pokes in place, you can simply
hold the arrow keys and the pointer will
continue to move as long as you hold
down the arrow key. Line 70 checks the
INKEYS to see if you press the up arrow,
and acts accordingly. If you do press the
up arrow and the pointer is lower than
the top line, it moves the pointer up one
notch.
Line 80 checks the INKEYS to see if
you pressed the down arrow, which is
CHRS ( 10 ) . If you did and the pointer is
higher than the bottom item on the
menu, then the pointer is reprinted at
the new position, one line down. It also
checks to see if you pressed ENTER, or
CHRS (13). If not, it goes back to Line
60 to repeat the pointing process. If you
do press ENTER, the program continues
to lines 90 to 150 to see where the
pointer is at the time you press ENTER
so it can branch off to the correct
subroutine.
Here's how that works. For each
PRINT @ position on the screen there is
also a poke position. This poke position
is 1,024 plus whatever screen position
you've printed at.
For example, if the pointer is pointing
at the first selection, the "input items"
line, then the pointer is being printed at
Screen Position 180, which is Poke
Position 1204(1024+180). Line 90 peeks
at Position 1204 to see if the left arrow
occupies that space. The shifted up
arrow that produces the left arrow on
the screen is also known as CHRS (95).
If Peek Position 1204 contains a 95, then
it goes to Line 1000, the section that
deals with input items. Lines 100 to 150
check the other peek positions for the
pointer and branch off when the pointer catching menu that people will re- (Questions about this tutorial
is found. member. Go on. Give it a try. It doesn't directed to Mr. Bernicoat 708 M
is found.
It may seem a little complicated at
first, but once you grasp what's going
on, you can create a really neat, eye-
member. Go on. Give it a try. It doesn't
take that much extra work or memory
and it'll give your program an extra
touch of professionalism.
may be
directed to Mr. Bernico at 708 Michigan
Ave., Sheboygan, WI 53081, 414-459-
7350. Please enclose an SASE for a
reply when writing.) □
The listing: MENUTUTR
■MENU SELECTOR TUTORIAL
•FROM KROMICO SOFTWARE
'BY BILL BERNICO
10
20
30
40
50 CLS: PRINK? 105, "selections" : PR
INT@168,"INPUT ITEMS"; :PRINT@199
, "DELETE ITEMS"; : PRINT§231, "SAVE
TO DISK" ;:PRINT@2 61, "LOAD FROM
DISK" ;:PRINT@297, "SORT ITEMS"; :P
RINT§3 30,"MAIN MENU"; :PRINT@358,
"EXIT TO BASIC";
60 PRINT@A*32+180,"_";:A$=INKEY$
70 POKE341,255:POKE342,255:A$=IN
KEY$:IFA$=""THEN70ELSEIFA$=" A "AN
DA>0THENPRINT@A*32+180:A=A-1:GOT
060
80 IFA$=CHR$(10)ANDA<6THENPRINT§
A*32+180 : A=A+1 : GOTO60ELSEIFA$<>C
HR$(13)THEN60
90 IF PEEK ( 1204 )=95THEN1000
100 IF PEEK(1236)=95THEN1100
110 IF PEEK(12 68)=95THEN1200
120 IF PEEK(1300)=95THEN1300
130 IF PEEK(1332)=95THEN1400
140 IF PEEK(1364)=95THEN1500
150 IF PEEK ( 1396 )=95THEN1 600
1000 CLS: PRINT" INPUT SECTION": GO
TO1700
1100 CLS: PRINT "DELETE SECTION" :G
OTO1700
1200 CLS: PRINT "SAVE SECTION": GOT
01700
1300 CLS: PRINT" LOAD SECTION": GOT
01700
1400 CLS: PRINT "SORT SECTION": GOT
01700
1500 CLS : PRINT"MAIN MENU SECTION
":GOTO1700
1600 CLS:PRINT"EXIT SECTION
1700 FORX=1TO1000: NEXT: RUN ^
CoCo Cat
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Easy, Solder-less Installation
"JramR"
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512K for 0S9 Level II. Similar lo RS upgrade.
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515 00 Memory Expansion Board
S29 95 Memory Expansion Board ♦ parts
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ALL boards below are 256K/512K capable, sollware & documentation included.
New SAM (74LS785) not included (use your 74LS783), 74LS785 recommended lor 2 MHz operation
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New SAM 74LS785 (required only tor 2 MHz operation)
PowerBastc (Requires RSD0S 1.0 or 1.1 and 256K or 512K Banker)
Utilize ihc extra memory tor variable storage and pass vaiiables between
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QUANTITY 0ISCOUNT AVAILABLE. For inlormalion on shipping or previously placed orders call (301)
788-0861 COCO II 26-31XX owners call (soldering experience may be required).
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 159
*ivwbi &mm spaaag wmm
TUTORIAL
*sw ;
pTAMING Till
GET COMFOR TABLKL
IWITH OShft
iifefei
?w,
r
fr
BY NANCY EWAUT
g$Ps£rrr L**;*i^ , ' "" : " • • <'
fast year I decided to learn the C
programming language, so I
A bought Radio Shack's OS-9 and
the C Compiler. 1, who have no comput-
er math or programming background,
heard the call. Elegant, fast, portable C
| beckoned.
I took one look at the documentation
land thought, "You are not going to
shove these disks in your drives and just
I start in. Oh my, no!" 1 then bought The
\Complcie Rainbow Guide to OS-9, by
Dale Puckett and Peter Dibble, and
went through all the back issues of THE
I RAINBOW. These were a big help; how-
lexer, through no fault of theirs, 1 kept
falling into traps with no apparent way
lout. It was only last week that 1 com-
piled my first simple C program and it
worked! For those of you following in
my footsteps, 1 hope these tips will save
|you some of the time they cost me.
First, work through Radio Shack's
\Geiiing Started With OS-9, doing each
operation several times. I wasted a lot
jof time trying to dive before I could
I swim, because I was too anxious to get
Ion to the other literature. "Getting
Started With The OS-9 Operating Sys-
Nancy Ewart lives in Toms River, N.J.,
\and is a partner in a framing/ art
supply /paperback book business. She
has had her CoCo for nearly two years
and is a dedicated user.
tern." by Bruce Warner (THE RAINBOW. I
January 1986, Page 134) is a good
beginning reference, too. It covers many
of the same areas as the Radio Shack
booklet and some new ones as well.
Don't study alone all of the time. I
have the advantage of working with an
OS-9 Special Interest Group in a CoCo
Users Group. Together we solved some
problems. Other people have gotten
help through bulletin boards.
As you work on OS-9, if you have two
separate drives, use Drive for your
(execution) system disk; store your files
in directories in Drive I.
For future sanity, name directories in
all caps (JUNK) and name files in
lowercase (phonelist). Two weeks
from now you won't remember which
are directories and which are files and
that can waste a lot more time. Use
TMODE -UPC, press CLEAR-0 and press
ENTER. Pressing CLEAR-0 now toggles
upper- and lowercase. If you want to
include this in your start-up procedure
file, write it TM0DE.1 -UPC.
Before you CHX to another execution
directory, use the DIR command on the
proposed new directory. Think ahead to
what commands you may want to use
and check to see if they are resident in
the new directory so that you can call
them. If they are not in the new direc-
tory take them with you with the LOAD
command, for example, LORD DIR and/
or LDflD FREE. Then when you CHX /dx'
CMDS after you insert a special disk you
THE RAINBOW Janua-y 1987
'>J3^--
rv*
£
j will be able to read the directory, etc.
"5 Do not forget to CHX /dx'CMDS when
'-jt you want to return to your system disk.
JCHX and CHD go with you always with-
al out your loading them.
If you have OS-9 Version 2.0, learn
I to use the help command. If you are
! using an earlier version, build a help file
[with the most common commands and
j their syntax. I still don't remember from
[one session to the next all the details
| that must be typed exactly right.
Do not try to use commands relating
|to modules on simple files. You cannot
fcuse ident, for example, on start-up the
~1way you can on DSSBoot. A file is not
Jfc necessarily a module, although modules
jmay be contained in a file. (Blood, sweat
[and tears were spent on this one.)
Make special system disks for special
[applications. See the February 1986
RAINBOW for two extremely helpful
% articles, "Creating OS-9 System Disks,"
§aby Donald Dollberg and "Getting
] Started with BASlC09,"by Richard A.
i White. 1 put TSEDIT and the C Com-
jpiler (both Radio Shack) in the com-
'mands directory of one 80-track disk.
I made hard copies of important
! information about each of my system
[disks, then stored them in the disk
jjacket using DIR >^p; FREE >/p; DIR
^.CMDS^p; MDIR>-'p; MFREE >'p.
* . When you feel secure with moving
around the system, creating and saving
files and using some of the more basic
commands, tackle Dale Pucketl's The
Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9,
published in 1985 by Falsoft, Inc.
Keep asking questions. Sometimes
you have to rephrase the question
repeatedly for the same problem until
you get a version of the question that
communicates.
To Use TSEDIT
If you want to use c, you need an
editor that lets you make square and
curly brackets as well as back slashes.
See the Appendix in the documentation
for TSEDIT. Be sure to 5ETIME.
TSEDIT should be in your current
execution directory.
7 SPA RS must be in your current
data directory if you want to change the
parameters of the display. For use with
the C Library, copy TSPARS to -"dl'
SOURCES.
At the OS-9 prompt type tsedi t and
press BREAK. Now type i (for insert)
and type your copy, message or source
code. Press BREAK and type :u filename
(to save, the colon is important). Press
BREAK and type :p (to print) and press
BREAK and type :q (to quit).
To Compile and Run a C Program
Have TSED/Tand the C Compiler in
Drive and the C Library in Dl. Now
type:
chx 'dS/cnids
chd /dl'sources
tsedi t
(To save, press BREAK and type :u
filename. c). Press BREAK and type :q.
If you have to change disks to have
the C Compiler commands in Drive 0,
do that now. Type chx ^de/crnds again.
ecl filename, c
The program (source code) will now
compile or abort.
filename
When you look at your current exe-
cution directory you will see the file-
name of your C program, but without
the -c. The source code, filename. c,
will be in the SOURCES directory.
When you type the filename, the pro-
gram will execute.
By paying attention to the small
steps, the giant leap to C is possible. It's
really quite easy!
(Questions about this tutorial may be
directed to the author at 1861 Skiff
Court, Toms River, N J 08753. 201-270-
8435. Please enclose an SASE when
writing.) D
f
This is a copy of the help file I built.
echo syntax help
ECHO
ECHO FORMAT /DX
ECHO BACKUP (Dp TO Dl ASSUMED)
ECHO BACKUP Dj3 (SINGLE DRIVE)
ECHO BACKUP /D2 /D3
ECHO FOR FASTER BACKUP SPACE NUM
BER SYMBOL XXK (20K 32K)
ECHO DIR /DX/XXX/XXX
ECHO BE SURE TO LIST ALL DIRECTO
RIES, IN ORDER, TO FILE LOCATION
ECHO DIR . . TO GO UP A DIRECTOR
Y
ECHO CHD /DX/XXX
ECHO CHANGE DATA DIRECTORY
ECHO CHD . .
ECHO ONE PERIOD FOR CURRENT LEVE
L PLUS
ECHO ONE PERIOD FOR EACH LEVEL Y
OU WANT TO GO UP
ECHO CHX /DX/BASIC09
ECHO CHANGE EXECUTION DIRECTORY
ECHO TYPE CHD /DX/MOREHELP
ECHO AT THE OS 9 PROMPT TYPE "DIR
ii
/W\
MAILING LIST
DATA INFORMATION PROGRAM
More than just another
mailing list program
See Rainbow Reviews
August '86, pg. 149
Requires 16K or 64K Tape or 64K Disk System
Price: $29.95
We welcome:
CROCKETT SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 1221
St. Ann, MO 63074
(314)441-9278
Checks
C.O.D. (Add $3.00)
p - yj
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 161
DOCTOR ASCII
It Prints Slower Than
Cold Molasses
By Richard E. Esposilo
Rainbow Contributing Editor
with Richard W. Libra
j I've got a 64 K CoCo 2 with a Radio
Shack CGP-220 ink-jet primer that
prints slower than cold molasses
when printing CoCo Max II images. Do
you know of any way that I can get my
printer to print these pictures faster?
Harry Stonelake
Castro Valley, CA
D If the printer is not running at its
/C limit, you can speed it up using
a screen dump that is written in assem-
bly language. If the printer's hardware
can handle a higher speed, hiking the
baud rate either via a built-in DIP
switch or a serial-to-parallel converter,
with the CoCo sending at 9600 baud or
using a direct parallel interface such as
the one on the J&M controller could
make a noticeable difference. Of partic-
ular note with the CoCo Max II pro-
gram is that the color driver will not
print multiple colors at once with the
CGP-220 printer. Colorware is reported
to be updating the current version of
CoCo Max to alleviate the problem, so
help is on the way.
Cartoon Animation
/ would like to know if there is any
way I can make a computer anima-
tion of a person moving, similar to
a cartoon video game. Also, can I use
64 K and 32 K programs or will I have
to use only 32 K programs with my 64 K
CoCo 2? Do I have to have a disk drive
to gain access to this memory?
Brandon Carlton
Corona, CA
Richard Esposito is a project engineer
for TRW's Federal Systems Group. He
holds bachelor's, master's and docto-
rate degrees from Polytechnic Institute
of Brooklyn. He has been writing about
microcomputers since 1980.
162 THE RAINBOW January 1987
|J Assembly Language Graphicsfor
1 ji the TRS-80 Color Computer by
Don Inman and Kurt Inman, Reston
Publishing Company, Inc., may help in
your search for animation programs. If
you put your computer into all-RAM
mode you can use the 15.75K space
above the BASIC interpreter as well as
the normal user memory for all your
assembly language programs. You do
not need a disk drive or OS-9 to take
advantage of this memory.
Bright Screen Save
| In Milt Webb 's letter to the editor,
jjg May 1986, [Page 8], he gave a POKE
S 359,57:SCREEN0,1 to brighten the
screen. This does give a much improved
screen, however when I use this when
typing in a program and try to save the
program in the ASCII format with an
A option, it starts the disk drive, scrolls
the program list, then gives the OK
prompt, but doesn 't save the program.
Is there any way to get the bright screen
without this happening?
Phill VanNoty
Hemet, CA
Yi, Location 359 is the position of
/£■ the three-byte RAM hook for the
I/O. Standard BASIC has it set to RTS,
Extended BASIC changes it to JMP
S8273, DOS 1.0 changes it to JMP
SCB4A,andDOS 1.1 changes it to JMP
SCC1C. By poking an RTS, you elim-
inate some of the features of disk and
extended BASIC, one of which is the
ASCII save feature. If, after you finish
editing, you poke back the original
value (i.e., 126) you can restore those
features.
Printer Decisions
lam about to buy a printer and can V
decide what to buy. I have found a
couple of printers and I would like
your opinion as to which one would be
the best for home use with graphics,
text, and a little hit of business. The two
printers are the Epson Homewriter 10
NLQ and the NEC PR103A NLQ.
Glenn Bailey
Rogersville. TN
ID Of the two you mentioned, the
/C Epson has a more standard pro-
tocol, thus finding graphics software
support for it is much easier. Before
making a decision however, see the
November 1 1, 1986 issue of PC Maga-
zine which reviewed 97 new printer
models for 1986. To ensure availability
of the ribbons and software support,
you might want to stick with name
brand printers which are IBM-graphics
compatible. The major printer manu-
facturers are IBM. Tandy, Epson, Star-
Micronics, Toshiba and Okidata.
DataPack II Plus V4.1
SUPER SMART TERMINAL PROGRAM
AUTOPILOT. nd AUTO-L06 Command Processors
X-MODEM DISK FILE TRANSFER SUPPORT
VT-IOO & VT-52 TERMINAL EMULATION
" No lost dalo using Hi-Res Display. Even at 1500 Baud on the Seriol port
■ Ht-ftes Disploys, 28 to 355 columns by 24 lines L true Upper/Lower cose.
1 45K Text Buffer when using the Hi-Res Text Display and Disk
* ASCII & BINARY disk file transfer support via XMODEM.
1 Directly record receive data to a disk file while online.
« VT- 1 00 terminal emulotion for VAX, UNIX and other systems.
« VT- 1 00/53 cursor keys & position, insert/delete, PF & All Kbd. keys.
■ Programmable Word Length, Parity, Stop Bits and baud rates 300 to 0600.
■ Complete full and Half Duplex operation, with no garbled data.
■ Send full 128 character set from Keyboard with control codes.
* Complete Editor Insert, Delete, Change or Add to Buffer
* Voriable length. Programmable Macro Key buffers.
* Programmable Printer rales from I 10 to 0600 Baud.
■ Send Files directly from the Buffer, Macro Key Buffers or Disk
* Display on Screen or Print the contents of the Buffer.
* Freeze Display & Review information On line with no loss of data.
* Built in Command Menu (Help) Display.
■ And much, much more.
Supports: Word-Pak I, II, R.S. and Double Density 60 Column Cards
Disto Controller w/dO column card & parallel printer
PBJ Parallel Printer Card and Dual Serial Port (2SP-Pok)
R. S. Modem-Pak t. Deluxe RS-232 Pak, even with Disk.
Requires 32K & Disk, Only $59.95
HI-RE5 II Screen Commander
Tired of looting at the 16 line by 32 character display on your
CoCo? Wish you could see more lines and characters? Then HI-RES II
is the answer, it can give you the big screen display you've always
wanted. It will display 24 lines of 32, 42. 51. 64 and even 85 true
upper and lower case characters per line withoul extra hardware.
HI-RES II is the most powerful screen enhancement package available
for the Color Computer, yet it is the least expensive. It is completely
compatible and transparent to 5asic. Once the program is loaded,
everything works the same as before, only you have a much better
display to work with. It even allows you to have mixed text and
Hi-resolution graphics on the same screen or have separate text and
graphics screens. It also has an adjustable automatic key repeal
feature and allows you to protect up to 23 lines on the screen.
HI-RES II features over 30 special control code functions that allow
you to change characters per line, protect display lines, change
background color, position cursor, switch normal/reverse video,
underline, double size characters, erase line/screen/to end of
screen, home cursor, character highlight and much more. It works on
all models of the CoCo with 16, 32 or 64K and provides automatic
reset control so HI-RES II won't disappear when you press reset.
Only 24.95 on Tape or $29.95 on Disk
"The Source"
Now you can easily Disassemble Color Computer machine language
programs directly from disk and generate beautiful, Assembler
Source Code. And "The Source' has all the features and functions you
are looking for in a Disassembler.
* Automatic Label generation and allows specifying FCB, FCC and FDB areas
* Disassembles programs directly from Disk or ROM.
* Output Disassembled listing with labels to the Printer, Screen or both
* Generates Assembler source dies direclly lo disk, or a pnnled listing.
* Generated source tiles are in standard ASCII formal.
« Built in Hex/ASCII dump/display lo locate FCB, FCC and FDB areas.
* Built in Disk Directory and Kill file commands.
* Menu display with single key commands for smooth, Easy operation.
* Wrillen in last machine language, one of lhe easiest to use Disassemblers
Requires 32K Disk $34.95
The CBASIC Editor/Compiler VI. 1.2
Do you want lo write fast machine language programs but you
don't want lo spend lhe next few years trying to learn how ???
Well with CBASIC, you could be writing them right now!
CBASIC is the only fully integrated Basic Compiler and program
oditing systom available for tho Color Computor. It will allow you lo
take full advantage of all the capabilities available in your color
computer without having to spend years trying lo learn assembly
anguage programming. CBASIC allows you lo create, edit and
convert programs from a language you are already familiar with
Extended Disk Color Basic, into fast efficient machine language
programs easily and quickly. We added advanced features like a full
blown program editor. Hi-Res text Displays and 80 column hardware
support for editing, compiling and your compiled programs. Plus we
made il exceptionally easy to use, CBASIC is the friendliest and
easiesl compiler available for lhe Color Computer.
'The most complete Editor/Compiler I have seen for the CoCo. "
—The RAINBOW, March 1086
CBASIC is a powerful tool for the Beginner as well as the Advanced
Basic or Machine language programmer. You can wrile programs
withoul having to worry about the Slack. DP Register, memory
allocation and so on. because CBASIC will do il for you automatically
Or, CBASIC will let you control every aspect of your program, even
generating machine code directly in a program easily.
CBASIC features well over 100 compiled Basic Commands and
Functions that fully support Disk Sequential and Direct access files.
Tape, Printer and Screen 1/0. CBASIC supports ALL the High and Low
Resolution Graphics, Sound, Play and String Operations available in
Extended Color Basic, including Graphics GET, PUT. PLAY and DRAW,
all with 99.9R syntax compatibility. CBASIC also supports the built
in Serial I/O port with separate printer & serial I/O baud rates. You
can send and receive data with PRINT. INPUT and INKEY commands.
CBASIC has its own completely integrated Basic Program Editor
which allows you lo load, edit or create programs for the compiler.
II is a full featured editor designed specifically for writing and editing
Basic programs. It has block move S* copy, program renumbering,
automatic line numbers, screen editing, printer control and more
•The Cditor is a very good one and could be the subject for review
allbyitself " —The RAINBOW. March I9S6
'Comparing TCB s edit mode to CBASIC) text editor is Me comparing a
World War II jeep to a modem sedan Both get you to your destination,
but what a difference in the ride -■ Hot Colo, Teburary 1Mb
The documentation for CBASIC is an 8 1/2 " 11 Spiral Bound book
which contains approximate 120 pages of real information.
'CBASIC's manual is easy to read and written with a minimum of
techmcalese. ' --Hot CoCo February , 1086
The price of CBASIC is $149.00. It is the most expensive Color
Basic Compiler on the market, and well worth the investment.
Compare the performance of CBASIC against any Color Basic
compiler. Dollar for dollar. CBASIC gives you more than any other
compiler available. Requires 64K 8. Disk, not JDOS compatible.
"The price tag it carries seemed a bit steep for an integer compiler on first
glance, but when you add 6-IA', hi-res drivers, and full-screen editing, CBASIC
begins to look more like a bargain.. ' — Hoi CoCo February, 1086
'A Complete editor/Compiler Well Worth its Price ' - -RAINBOW March I Odd
TEXTPRO III
"The Advanced Word Processing System"
■ Hi-Res Oisplnys from 28 lo 255 columns by 24 lines & Upper/Lower Case
* Three Programmable Header lines that can be re-delined at anytime.
* Programmable Footer line 8. Automatic Footnote System.
* 10 Programmable Tab stops 8. 7 Powerlull Tab Function Commands.
■ Completely Automatic Justification, Centering, Flush left and right.
* On screen display of underline and Double size characters.
■ Change indents, margins, tine length, etc. parameters anytime in the text.
■ Create and Edil files larger than memory, up to the size ol a full disk.
* Easily imbed any number of formal and control codes.
* Automatic Memory sense I6-64K with up lo 48K ol memory workspace.
* Fully supports the use of 60 column hardware cards.
TEXTPRO III is an advanced word processing system designed for
speed, flexabilily and extensive document processing. II is nol like
most of tho other word processing programs available for the Color
Computer. If you are looking for a simple word processor to write
letters or other short documents, then most likely you'll be belter off
with one of the other simpler word processors. But. if you want a
powerful word processor with extensive document formatting
features to handle large documents, term papers, manuals, complex
formating problems and letter writing, then TEXTPRO III is whal your
looking for. TEXTPRO works in a totally different way than most
word processing programs. II uses simple 2 character abbreviations
of words or phrases for commands and formatting information that
you imbed directly in your text. There are over 50 different
formating commands you can use without ever leaving the text your
working on. There are no lime comsuming. and often furslrating
menu chases, you are in total control at all times. The formatted
oulpul can bo displayed directly on the screen, showing you exactly
whal your printed document will look like before a single word is ever
printed. This includes margins, headers! footers, page numbers, page
breaks, underlining, column formating and full Justification.
DISK $59.95 TAPE $49.95
EDT/A5M 64D
64K DISK EDITOR ASSEMBLER
EOT/ ASM 640 is a Disk based co-resident Text Editor 6* Assembler.
It has a Hi-Resolution 51. 64 or 85 column by 24 line display, so you
see your program listings easily and il supports Column cards. The
disk also contains a free standing ML Debug Monitor, lo help you debug
your assembled programs.
This is the most powerfull, easy to use Text Editor available in any
Editor/ Assembler package for the Color Computer. II even has
automatic line number generation for easy entry of program material.
* Local and Global string search and/or replace.
" Full screen line editing with immediate line update.
« Easy louse Single keystroke editing commands.
■ Load (.Save standard ASCII (ormolted Tape/Disk files.
* Move orCopy single & multiple lexl lines.
■ Create and Edil disk files larger than memory.
■ Hi-Res Text Display 28 lo 85 columns by 21 lines
* Supports Word-Pok 1 ,11. & R.S. and Disto 80 column display cards.
The Assembler portion of EDT/ASM 64D features include:
* Supports the full 6800 instruction sel
" Supports conditional IF/THEN/ELSE assembly.
1 Supports Disk Library files (include).
» Supports standard motorola assembler directives
« Allows multiple values for FDB & FCB directives.
* Generates listings lo Hi-Res text screen or printer.
* Assembles direclly lo disk or lope in LOAOM (ormot.
■ Supports up lo open disk files during assembly
* Allows assembly from edilor bulfer, Disk or both
Requires 32K Disk $59.95
£t?i(ecoj-5) wftpgflfginnia mtoiw mwrnflilmfolla
frffif? TOfglSft f^r?r^r?rllffiigOO[
CoCo-3 512K upgredo $149.95. cird wihout Ram $49.95
Two Drivo RAM-DISK prognm for 5 12K CoCo-3 $19.95
To order products by mail, send check or money order for the amount of
purchase, plus J3.00 for shipping & handling lo the address below
To order by VISA, MASTERCARD or COO call us at (702) 452-0632
(Monday thru Saturday, 8am lo 5pm PST)
CER-COMP
5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las Vegas, Nevada 891 10
702-452-0632
ROM Pak on Disk
/ am in the process of writing a book
and have been using the Color Scrip-
sit ROM Pak/ cassette. Instead of
using the ROM Pak system, 1 would
prefer to store my material on disk. Not
only does it have more memory, but it
allows me to chain the material to-
gether. My problem is that this ROM
Pak system does not load into my
Telewriter-64 or Elite Word Disk word
processers. Can you help me solve this
problem?
Norm Neaveill
East Moline, IL
|^ Use the Print-to-Tape option on
/C Scripsil, then use the program
from November's column for transfer-
ring assembly language tapes to disk
(use the already numbered option) to
get the resulting ASCII files on disk for
Telewriter-64 or Elite Word.
Learning OS-9
/ recently purchased the OS-9 PAS-
CAL system for the Color Computer
in hopes of learning PASCAL Unfor-
tunately. I have not yet been able to
even create a PASCAL source program,
which is the first step listed in the
instruction manual which came with
this software. I'm totally confused with
the instructions in this manual and can )
get specific answers from my local
Radio Shack store. Does this OS-9
package need, for example, the
TSEDIT package? Why does the OS-9
system seem so difficult to intrepret?
Any help you can give would be much
appreciated.
Alfred Walser
Monroe. WA
O When you purchase OS-9. it
/(■ comes with its own line-oriented
text editor. Read Chapter 2 of the
orange OS-9 Program Development
manual. Also, see pages 73-75 and 180
of Dale Puckett's 77k' Complete Rain-
bow Guide to OS-9. If you, like me,
prefer a more sophisticated full-screen
editor, there are (at extra cost) Stylo-
graph, Dynastar, and TSEDIT.
To some, OS-9 is a blessing, but it's
also a pain, especially to beginners.
Since most OS-9 software was origi-
nally written for SI5,000-plus micro-
mainframes, the superior quality is
evident, but unfortunately for be-
ginners, the documentation was written
for professionals. If you need help, write
us. Documentation can be written, but
good software at a reasonable price is
hard to find.
Television Interference
When I turn on my CoCo with my
disk controller installed, I get some
TV interference, but not enough to
bug me. When I boot up my machine
with CoCo Max with a Y cable how-
ever, I get so much interference that I
can't even see the screen. I've noticed
that when I'm inputting or output ting
to disk, the interference pretty much
goes away. I've installed a Thunder
RAM 256 K upgrade. Could that be
causing the problem?
Eric Hochstetler
Mooresville, IN
"D Both the Y cable and the 256K
/C are contributors. Switching to a
monitor should help. Eliminating the
switch-box on the back of your TV and
making a direct coaxial connection
should also help some.
Binary Code Identification
Is there any way for the CoCo with
Disk Extended Color BASIC to iden-
tify binary code such as A -01000001,
etc? Bryant Witkie
Mountlake Terrace. WA
CORRECTIONS
"The Power of the Palette: Graphics on the Color
Computer 3" (October 1986, Page 37): The Tunnel
program contains an error on the RAINBOW ON DISK
and RAINBOW ON TAPE. Due to a production error,
Line 540 of the program on these products became
garbled. The line appears in order as Line 7226.
Because of this, you will get a ?U L Error in Line 250.
To correct the problem, delete Line 7226 and enter
Line 540 as it appears in THE RAINBOW.
"Coming to 'Terms' With the CoCo 3" (November
1986, Page 93): Because of a production error, the
TERM3BRS file on the RAINBOW ON DISK and RAINBOW
ON TAPE fails to operate. This is because the WIDTH
command in Line 450 was not properly tokenized
during the file transfer. To correct the problem, simply
load the program, type EDIT 450 and press ENTER
twice. Then, resave the file.
Dale Lear has also written to tell us of a patch for
the Term 2 program. Term3, as it appears in THE
RAINBOW, will not work on some BBSs (including
CompuServe) because of the manner in which it
delects carriage returns. Dale's fix for the program
involves adding the following lines to the BASIC
startup file, TERM3BAS.
551 POKE
552 POKE
553 POKE
554 POKE
555 POKE
55G POKE
557 POKE
558 POKE
&HG2G0,&H20
&HG2G1,&H11
&HG273.&HDG
&HG274,&H07
&HG275,&HC4
&HG27G,&H7F
&HG277,&H20
&HG278,&HE9
"Monochrome Magic on the CoCo 3" (Hint,
December 1986, Page 48): In addition to displaying
the Microware name, the CLS9 statement also clears
the border to the background color.
For quicker reference, Corrections will be posted on
Delphi as soon as they are available in the Info on
Rainbow topic area of the database. Just type DhTh
at the CoCo SIG prompt and INFO at the Topic?
prompt.
164
THE RAINBOW January 1987
The Best Money Can Buy . . .
HDS Floppy Drive Controller Board
Reduce your I/O errors with the Hard Drive Specialist
Floppy Drive Controller for the Color Computer. Gold edge
card connectors, advanced design, and the absence of
potentiometers make it the best available. Our newest ver-
sion controller allows the use of either (two 24 pin ROMS),
or (one 24 pin and one 28 pin ROM). Using this board
with the standard Radio Shack ROM gives you 100% com-
patibility with all Radio Shack software.
Completed and Tested Board
with Radio Shack ROM $99-
(Includes Case, and DOS Instructions)
Completed and Tested Board without ROM ... $79.
(Includes Case)
Bare Board with Instruction manual $30.
Parts Kit For Bare Board without ROM $30.
Radio Shack ROM (current version) $20.
Radio Shack ROM 1.0 $40.
Ordering Information
Use our WATS line 10 place your order vie Visa, MasterCard, or Wire Transfer Or
mail your payment directly to us Any non- certified funds will be held until proper
cleorenco is made COO orders are accepted as well as purchase orders from
government agencies. Most items are shipped off the shelf with the exception of hard
drive products that are custom built UPS ground is our standard moans of shipping
unless otherwise specified Shipping costs are available upon request
Drive SS/DD $150
WHILE SUPPLY LASTS!
Drive Complete v $199-
Drive 1 Complete $129.
Drive & 1 Dual Drive $319.
HARD DRIVE SPECIALIST
1-713-480-6000
Order Line 1-800-231-6671
16208 Hickory Knoll
Houston, Texas 77059
U The CoCo's BASIC intrepreter has
/C built-in functions for converting
back and forth between decimal and
hexadecimal. Since each Hex digit can
independently be converted to binary,
the answer is sort of yes. For example:
7HEXS(241) yields the Hex value Fl,
and since F=111I in binary code and
1=0001 in binary, putting them together
you have; 1 1 1 1000 1 which is the binary
representation of 241.
Voice Synthesizers
/ own a 64K CoCo 2 and want to
have a voice synthesizer for it.
Should I purchase Radio Shack 's
Sound/ Speech Program Pak, or should
I chance installing the SP0256-AL2
Voice Synthesizer, which needs a 2. 12-
MHz clock crystal, and more?
James Klimm
Pelly, Saskatchewan
T) I'd wait for the 26-3144 Sound/
}L Speech Program Pak to go on
sale and then buy it. Since the release
of OS-9 2.00.00, it has a device driver
that supports sending speech to it
simply by diverting your standard
output.
Artifacted Color Problems
/ own an elderly gray CoCo and
when running some programs, the
colors come out wrong. It is very
annoying to play card games with green
hearts and diamonds! By pressing reset
and typing, the correct colors eventually
appear. With some games, the screen
fills with red. By pressing BREAK until
it comes up blue, the correct colors will
appear when the game is started. Is
there a line that I can add to the begin-
ning of graphics programs to ensure
that the correct colors will appear?
Herb Sinclair
Wenatchee, WA
D The artifacted color set on the
}l CoCo 1 and 2 is unpredictable
and cannot be fixed with software;
however, on the CoCo 3, the alternate
set is obtained by powering up with the
Fl pressed.
J-DOS Support
Does anyone write software to sup-
-\ port J-DOS? When I upgraded to
© disk on my CoCo 2, 1 bought the new
J&M JFD-CP controller with both J-
DOS and RS-DOS installed. Since
then, I have watched for word processer
and spreadsheet programs advertised to
166 THE RAINBOW January 1987
run under J-DOS so that I can fully use
my double-sided, 40-track drives. I
know that OS-9 will work, but I don't
care to convert. Can you give me any
clues to help me on my search?
Tom Rea
Chicora, PA
Ty Software developers write pro-
*-}C grams for the operating system
that the majority of CoCo owners have,
and like it or not, it's Disk Extended
BASIC. When you do not adhere to this
standard, unfortunately, you are on
your own. My advice, if you want more
tracks, is to patch your Radio Shack
ROM using Colin J. Stearman's "Get-
ting on the Right Track," RAINBOW,
July 1985, Page 26 and you can make
a new 40-track DOS by burning the
modified code into a 68766 EPROM.
Note: since the new OS-9 Level II for
the CoCo 3 supports double-sided and
higher capacity drives, 1 expect the next
release of Disk Extended BASIC to
support these drives.
CoCo Error-Trapping
1 / recently read an article about
1 CoBBS in the November, 1985 issue
B of rainbow, and the subject of a
program for error-trapping was dis-
cussed. How could I use error-trapping
if I have Disk Extended Color BASIC
using the RS-DOS chip? I've seen
different brands of disk controllers that
have error-trapping built in? Can I
make error-trapping work on my
CoCo?
Tim Fultz
Moncks Corner, SC
D In order for you to have the
/£ capability to use error-trapping
on your CoCo, you would have to use
a machine language subroutine to inter-
cept the ROM vector at addresses
S0I8E-S0I90. An article "Trap That
Error" by H. Allen Curtis, RAINBOW,
August 1984, Page 61, supplies a basic
program that pokes such a machine
language program into memory for
DOS 1.0. Patches for DOS 1.1 appear
on Page 237 of the October 1984 issue.
By the way, the new CoCo 3 has error-
trapping built in with its ON ERR GOTO
statement.
BASIC Cold Start
/ have several disk utility programs
that force BASIC to cold start, then
load a program. One that comes to
mind is Diskutil by Jeff Francis. In this
program, when you select the Load
option, it cold starts to BASIC, and has
BASIC load and run the file by injecting
a statement like LOflO"THISFILE"
:RUN. Is there any way to do this from
BASIC?
Eric W. Tilenius
Huntington Station, NY
l^, A Disk BASIC program can cause
/C another to be executed by simply
including RUN PROG2 in the first pro-
gram where you want it to switch.
Hard Disk Setup
/ have a 64K CoCo 2 with Disk
Extended Color BASIC Version I.I,
and have recently purchased OS-9.
I've been curious about the hard disks
and dual DSDD drives I see advertised
for the CoCo. If I get either the hard
disk or the dual DSDD drives, do I need
a different controller to access all these
tracks? Do I also need a different
controller to access both sides? Do I
need modified cables? Does a 5 '/4-inch
disk look logically like a 3'/}-inch and
do they have the same number of
tracks?
Bruce Corey
Bradenton. FL
Hint . . .
Baud Boy
If your printer is capable of ac-
cepting data at a higher baud rate
than 600, or you just got that new
serial-parallel converter and want
to try it out, try the following poke.
Location 150 in memory holds
values which control how fast data
is sent to your printer. The power-
up value in this location is 87. If you
want to change this, just enter
POKE150,X
where X equals one of the following
values: 600 baud, 87; 1200 baud, 41;
2400 baud, 18; 4800 baud, 7; and
9600 baud, 1. If all you get is gar-
bage, try adding or subtracting a
value of one from the above values
and re-poking them.
|V Aside from the 5'^-inch single-
/<■ sided drive #26-3131, Tandy also
markets a double-sided, 5!4-inch 360K,
40-track drive (#25-1060), and a double-
sided, 3!/ 2 -inch 720K, 80-track drive
(#25-1061), both of which (with modi-
fications) are CoCo compatible. They
will work with a standard CoCo con-
troller, but require a new cable without
missing teeth. Other drives worthy of
consideration are TEAC's 55BV (40
tracks, 360K) and TEAC's 55F (80
tracks, 720K). All of these drives will
work with Disk Color BASIC 1 .0 or 1.1,
but under Disk BASIC, they use only one
side and 35 tracks. Note that if you are
using one of the 80-track drives (5%
inch or V/> inch), you also need a 35-
or 40-track drive to transfer software to
the new media. If you want even higher
capacity, but only for OS-9 (this drive
will not work with basic), you have a
wider choice. Weltec Digital in Ana-
heim, Calif., (714) 630-7020 markets an
IBM PC-AT I.2-Meg drive Model
M 1 6-P 1 2 ($ 1 49) that has a special logic
board that lets it feed off a standard
controller. With it and OS-9, you could
have 30 sectors/ track and 80 tracks on
each side for a total of 4,800, 256-byte
sectors. Compare that to the standard
35-track, single-sided drive with its 630
256-byie sectors, a double-sided 40-
track with 1,440 256-byte sectors, and
a double-sided 80-track with 2,880 256-
byte sectors. Tandy markets hard drives
and a controller for the CoCo, but since
this is not yet a mass market item, the
price is still high.
Memory Poke Crashes
/ have a converted 64 K CoCo with
two disk drives. When typing in the
memory poke. P0KE25 , S : NEW. I find
that I cannot load anything from a disk.
The disk starts to load, stops in the
middle and the computer crashes. I have
to shut down the machine to do any-
thing else. Why? Is there a fix?
Raymond Home
Billings, MT
1} UsePOKE25,14:POKE&HE00,0:
-*■ jL NEW for disk BASIC or you will
overwrite disk BASIC'S file buffers be-
tween S600 and SDFF.
Hi-Res Saves
I How can I save a CoCo 3 high
resolution picture display to disk?
13 You can save/load CoCo 3
* jC graphics displays using the fol-
lowing routines: HISAVE and HILOAD.
To use HISflVE, you must return to the
Width 32 mode, then run the program
supplying a filename of up to eight
characters. It then saves the 32K screen
memory in four 8K increments with
filenames name'H&l, name'HR2,
name / HR3 and name'HRA.
HISflVE routine
10 INPUT"NAME:";NS
20 FDR I=&H70 TO &H73
30 POKE &HFFA2,I
40 F$=N$+"''HR"+CHR$(I-G4)
50 SAVEMF$,&H4000,&H5FFF, 44539
60 NEXTI
70 POKE &HFFA2,&H7A
The HILOAD routine prompts you for
the filename (up to eight characters, no
extension) and the HSCREEN value, then
loads the graphics into memory allow-
ing you to view them as they load.
HILOAD routine
10 INPUT-NAME: ";N$
20 INPUT"HSCREENB";H
30 HSCREEN H
40 FOR I=&H70 TO SH73
50 POKE &HFFA2,I
S0 F$=N$+'VHR"+CHR$(I-G4)
70 LOADMFS
80 NEXTI
90 POKE &HFFA2,&H7fl
One or both routines can be incorpo-
rated into your own programs, but be
sure to exercise care that this code
resides below Address &H4000. This
can be assured by putting this code at
the very beginning of your program
except for a GOTO that branches around
it. You can then G05UB one of these
routines to save/load a graphics display.
The routines HISAVE and HILOAD
manipulate the Memory Management
Unit (MMU) registers to move 8K
increments of memory into the 6809's
64K address space so the SAVEM and
LOflDM routines can access it. I deve-
loped the following routine, MAP'RAS,
in order to help understand how these
registers worked; it should be equally
useful to anyone writing code in BASIC
or another language to use the addi-
tional memory in the CoCo 3. You can
find a CoCo 3 memory map on Page 31 1
of the Color Computer 3 Extended
BASIC manual.
MAP/BAS routine
1 PCLEAR1
10 PRINT"TASI< REG. MEM.
START" :PRINT"REGISTER VALUE
PAGE ADDRESS"
20 FOR I=&HFFA0 TO &HFFAF
30 IF I=&HFFA8 THEN PRINT:PRINT
"TASK 1 REG. MEM. 5TART":PRINT
"REGISTER VALUE PAGE ADDRESS"
40 X=PEEK(I)ANDG3
50 Y=X*«.H2000
G0 YH=INT(Y/-B553G)
70 YL=(Y-YH*S553G)'409G
80 PRINT" ";HEX$(I);" ";HEXS
(PEEK(I));" ";HEX$(X)';"
" ; HEXS ( YH ) ; HEXS ( YL ) ; "000 "
90 NEXT
For a quicker response, your questions
may also be posted in the Forum section
of rainbow's CoCo SIG on Delphi. In
Forum, type ADD and address your
questions to the username DOCTOR-
ASCII. You may also send questions to
DOCTORASCII via Delphi Mail
Ml
:i=i SOUND
PEC0RD ANY rOUNO OP HUSIC OH VO'.'P COCO. PECOPO ■rlTT.CYLONSiflUTOSQTS
PHASEPS • SOUNDTRACKS OP vrjljP OUN VOICE HITH EXCELLENT REPRODUCTION
USE MEGA SOUND TO EXAMINE riHC ALTER the °ECORDIt*j POP USE IN flJUP
OUN BASIC PROGRAMS — 16/64X ECB TAPE OP DISK MS
•STOP BURN
ELIMINATE the FEAR op BURN- IN ON 'OUR rv op nonitop scpeen
STOP BURN AUTOMATICAL/ OAPKEMS VIEWING ;CREEN DUPING VOUP ABSENCE
l«xi»4K TBPE OR DISK 117
INQUIRIES' CODS ■ !PH TILL SPN ' • l\6 ■ >23~»221 OP SPSS POP INFO
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INCLUDE 12.59 FOR SHIP IMG 'CODS AOP '2 '.NAIL CHECK OR M'O TO
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as*
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RGB VIDEOcOCO 569.95
.WHITE OR GREEN CHARACTERS ON A
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.ADD S5.00 SHIPPING & HANDLING
INVENTIVE SOLUTIONS
BOX 286
STANFORUVILLE.N.Y.
(914)321) 4404 12506
.USING THE COCO AS A DEVELOPMENT
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ciia:<acters on a black screen
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.d/a a/d converters
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deal direct kith manufacturer
send or call for free cataloc
or information
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 167
DELPHI BUREAU
A Review of the Personal
^Settings Profile'
By Cray Augsburg
Rainbow's CoCo SIGop
Recently, a handy feature was
added to Delphi. This feature is
a section where you can control
how Delphi interacts with your termi-
nal. It's called Settings and is very
similar to the Settings feature found
under Using Delphi just off the main
menu. It allows you to change your
communications parameters as well as
set terminal options.
To get to this area, simply enter your
personal Delphi Workspace from the
CoCo S1G menu or from any database
prompt. Then type SET and press
ENTER. Now, if you don't have your
system set for prompt level three
(- / PR=3). enter a question mark and you
will see the following Settings menu:
8USY-Mode
PASSWORO-locked
OEFAULT-Menu
SET-High-bil
DOWNLOAD-Line-terminators
SLASH-Term-settings
ECHO-Mode
TERMINAL-Type
EDITOR
TIMEOUT
KERMIT-SETTINGS
UTILITIES
LENGTH(Lines/page)
WIDTH(Columns)
NETWORK-PARAMETERS
XMODEM-SETTINGS
PASSWORD(Change)
HELP
PROMPT-Mode
EXIT
At first glance, some of these items
look pretty complicated and rightly so.
We will discuss some of the simpler
selections this month and save the more
complicated and esoteric items for a
future installment. You are always
invited to experiment with any of the
options. However, unless you have
Cray Augsburg is RAIN BO Ws technical
assistant and has an associate 's degree
in electrical engineering. He and his
wife, Ruth Ann, have two children and
live in Louisville. Kv. His username on
Delphi is RAIN BOW MAG.
168 THE RAINBOW January 1987
some understanding of the impact a
particular selection could make, don't
fool with it!
Now, you may recognize that some
items in this menu are available from
nearly any prompt on Delphi. You can
enter them as "slash" commands. For
instance, you can type • / PR=3 to change
your prompt level anywhere except
Mail. You can also use -'W=XX and
«'L=YY to alter the width and length of
your particular terminal. The problem
with these slash commands is that their
effects are only temporary. Once you log
off Delphi, the next time you log on,
these commands have to be reentered
into the computer. However, if you
make the changes in your Settings area,
they become a permanent part of your
default profile and become immediately
effective the moment you sign on.
As we discuss the various options.
DATABASE REPORT
October has been the month of the
CoCo 3 here on the SIG. With its
introduction, the SIG has been
rapidly accumulating new files in the
CoCo 3 and OS-9 databases.
In our CoCo 3 news database Roy
Crosby (UNCLE) uploaded to us the
image of the three Microware pro-
grammers who put their mugs inside the
CoCo 3 ROM. Jerome Kalkhof
(GRUMCLUB) gave us some thoughts
comparing the CoCo 3 and the Commo-
dore I28. Art Flexser(ARTFLEXSER)
and I have begun to post a variety of
patches and fixes for both the flawed
CoCo 3 BASIC ROM and for third-party
programs that initially were incompati-
ble with the CoCo 3. Of greatest impor-
tance is the patch Art Flexser posted that
describes how to fix Telepatched Tele-
writer to allow it to run on the CoCo 3.
Bill Jackson (BILUACKSON) gave us
what will undoubtedly be the first of
many "start-up" files for the CoCo 3 that
accomplishes several fixes. I've provided
some hardware information about the
RGB signals of the CoCo 3 versus those
of the Atari ST RGB A monitor. Kevin
Darling (KDARL1NG) contributed
some of his thoughts on compatibility
issues. Dave and Becky Matthews
(ADOBEPAGODA) gave us some dem-
onstration graphics programs in BASIC.
Mike Himowitz (HIMOWITZ) has con-
tributed a utility for the CoCo 3. Art
Flexser has given us some of what will be
parts of the upcoming ADOS 3, includ-
ing utilities for redefinition of the CLEAR
key and for defeating the automatic
HCLS done whenever a Hi-Res graphics
mode is invoked.
Our OS-9 database has had its index
of all its contents brought up to date by
our tireless OS-9 section leader, Dale
Lear (DALELEAR). Ronald Cole
(RONALDCOLE) has given us an as-
sembly language and OS-9-based pro-
gram for printing 1 6 gray level pictures
made with a DS-69 digitizer from The
Microworks. It was based on an earlier
RS-DOS BASIC utility supplied by Bob
Montowski (GRAPHICSPU B). Jay
Trucsdalc(JAYTRUESDALE) has given
two essays, including a superb product
review of the Disto 5I2K RAM disk as
"When the system
doesn't detect any
activity from your
terminal, it asks
you to respond. If
you don't do so
within 30 seconds,
you are
automatically
logged off"
keep in mind help is only a Delphi
distance away. Just type HELP at the
Settings menu. You will be greeted with
a list of information about the Settings
utility. Then you will be given the option
to ask for help on any of the items in
the menu.
Busy Mode
Entering the Busy Mode settings
option allows you to set your default as
either "busy" or "not busy." "Not busy"
is the standard system default. By
setting the default as "busy," you ac-
complish the same thing as if you had
entered 'GAG or 'BUSY at other Delphi
prompts. It stops the interruption of
other users paging you or sending you
messages with the 'SEND command. It
also eliminates the notifications that
you have received a new mail message.
To turn this default off, should you
decide to set your default to busy, just
enter /NOGflG at any Delphi prompt.
Keep in mind, on the CoCo SIG, we
prefer you set yourself as being busy
only while you are reading mail or
uploading/downloading. Other people
may want to talk.
Default Menu
As the name of this selection implies,
it allows you to set which menu you are
first greeted with upon signing onto
Delphi. The system default is Delphi's
main menu or Main. You can set the
default to the CoCo SIG by entering
GROUP COCO (or just GR CD) using this
selection. You can set this default for
nearly any area on the system. Ob-
viously, wise use of this selection can
save you a great deal of time as well as
reduce the number of keystrokes re-
quired to get to the SIG.
used under OS-9. Greg Law (GREGL)
has given us directory utilities for multi-
user OS-9 systems, and an automatic
baud rate selecting version of TSMON.
Kevin Darling has sent us some utilities
for branching or looping within a shell
procedure. He also has given us
MVERIFY. a utility for speeding the
process of updating the CRC of a module
in memory. In addition, he has also given
us a DMDDE command similar to the
XrlODE. but for RBF drivers. Wayne R.
Sundstrom (DRIFTER) has provided a
LOG program that logs OS-9 shell activ-
ity. It is also a tutorial on how to patch
the OS-9 shell with debugger. Rick
Adams (RICKADAMS) has given us a
command under OS-9 Level I Version 2.0
that sets up the output of the CoCo 3 to
be fully monochrome, eliminating those
ugly vertical stripes normally seen on a
monochrome display.
In the Data Communications data-
base. I've uploaded all of the graphics
screens that constitute the original doc-
umentation for the WEFAX program
published in RAINBOW. February 1985.
Lance Bannerman (STARCOWBOY)
has uploaded two lists of frequencies
from all over the world one can listen to,
to find WEFAX signals. I've also up-
loaded the source code for the RTTY
program published in the November
1986 RAINBOW. Emery Mandel
(EM AN DEL) has given us Dazzelierm
2.2. Michael Banks (KZIN), the manager
of the Science Fiction SIG on Delphi, has
provided us with an updated list of CoCo
BBS systems. Brian Wright (POLTER
GEIST) has sent us an updated version
of ASCII Express for the CoCo and
another terminal program for the CoCo.
Don Hutchison (DONHUTCHISON),
in charge of database submissions, has
given a patch for Colorcom / E that adds
a FREE command for it. Mike Ward
(M1KEWARD) has posted a patch that
allows Mikeyterm 4.0 to run on the CoCo
3, but note that this patch does not allow
use of either the Word-Pak or the intrin-
sic 40- or 80-column screen on the CoCo
3. That will have to wait for a new version
of the program.
In the Utilities database Andrew Elli-
nor (CROPPER) has uploaded a disk
utility, and Earl Casper (EARL-
CASPER) has sent us a VDG Fix pro-
gram. Marvin D. Peterson (MAZO) has
sent us a disk editing utility called Disk-
save. In the November database report.
I erroneously credited Milt Webb with
the encryption program. The program is
actually courtesy of Doug Masten
(DMASTEN). Sorry about that. Doug!
In the Games database, Emery Mandel
has sent us an Adventure game titled
CoCo Cluh Adventure. Roger Smith
(SMUDGER) has given us three new
game entries.
Our Music library continues to grow
with new selections provided by Derrick
M. Kardos (DTG), Mark Raphael
(MARK RAPHAEL), Loren J. Howell
(XENOS) and Ray Wright (RAY WR I).
In the Graphics database a new host of
images has arrived. Brian Wright has
been quite active this month, sending us
some extremely fine digitized images
converted over from other computer
systems using a picture exchange pro-
tocol being developed in his area. He's
also sent us a classic computer pinup girl
image. Emery Mandel has provided a
number of images, and a package that
when downloaded and run produces a
beautiful, animated fireworks display. Ira
Goldwyn (I RAG) has again shared with
us a dozen pictures from his immense
library of digitized images. Mark Kowit
(TOBOR8) has sent two more original
pieces of digitizer art. Marvin Peterson.
Derrik M. Kardos and Ray Wright, have-
also contributed this month.
Don Hutchison, our submissions
chief, decided to collect a little detailed
information on our database this month.
It turns out we now have roughly a dozen
megabytes of stored CoCo program,
text, music and graphics data accumu-
lated over the year we have been in
operation. At this time, by far the two
largest databases are our Graphics and
our rainbow on tape databases, which
are nearly the same size, and which
together account for over half of the total
number of bytes we offer.
But times are changing. With the
arrival of the CoCo 3, a greater emphasis
will be placed on OS-9. Our OS-9 section
is growing nicely already. However, over
the next few months I expect an explo-
sion of OS-9 material. This will be in
large part due to our acquiring permis-
sion to post the entire contents of the
OS-9 Users Group software library on
Delphi. This library has, I am told,
roughly five megabytes of data in it. We
have just received the disks for the
library, and will be sorting the material
out and gradually posting it over a period
of months.
I look forward to seeing continuing
strong support for the CoCo 3 during this
new year. Whether you seek tips on
buying hardware and accessories for
your CoCo, software to run, music to
play, or images to view, the Rainbow
Delphi CoCo SIG surely has something
for you. See you there!
— Marty Goodman
(MARTYGOODMAN)
Delphi CoCo SIG Database Manager
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 169
Password Change
This item allows you to change your
Delphi password. This should be done
fairly frequently to ensure security of
your Delphi account. You will be re-
quired to enter your present password
and then enter the new password you
have chosen. Then you will be asked to
enter your new password again for
verification. Your password must be at
least six characters or numbers long,
and should not contain any punctua-
tion. Passwords will not appear on the
screen as you type them in.
Prompt Mode
The Prompt Mode setting allows you
to set the level of the prompts displayed
by the system. Prompt Mode 3 tells the
system to display a complete menu
every time you enter an area on Delphi,
while Prompt Mode 2 displays a single-
line prompt listing the available com-
mands. Experienced users will spend
most of their time in Prompt Mode I.
This mode displays a one- or two-word
description of the Delphi area you are
in. It gives no clue as to available
commands. This selection functions the
same as -"PR=X at other Delphi prompts,
but your choice becomes a permanent
part of your Delphi profile. It saves time
to stay in Prompt Mode 1 and just enter
a question mark when you need a menu
for the present area. However, we
suggest you go to Prompt Mode 3 about
once a week. This is because the system
software is ever-changing and you may
miss out on some new additions because
you didn't know they were there.
Editor
This selection allows you to choose
which editor you want to use for creat-
ing files and editing messages. The
system default is the EDT editor, a
product of Digital Equipment Corpora-
tion. It is somewhat difficult to learn to
use. More popular is a line editor called
"Oldie," which uses simple slash com-
mands. It seems to fit well in the Delphi
environment. If you want to use the
Oldie editor, just enter DLDIE under the
Editor selection.
Width and Length
These items function just as 'W=XX
and 'L=YY except that, as we've said
before, the changes become a perma-
nent part of your user profile. They will
only change if you change them by
rewriting them or using 'W or 'L. A
handy tip with Length is that if you set
your length to zero, you eliminate all the
"More?" prompts. Just use CONTROL-S
and CONTROL-Q to stop and start the
screen scrolling as you like.
Timeout
Timeout is a handy new feature from
Delphi. Let's say you are online late at
night and your body decides to take a
break. While you are examining the
insides of your eyelids, Delphi is busy
burning away your hard-earned dollars
and you aren't even doing anything on
the system. When the system doesn't
detect any activity from your terminal,
it asks you to respond. If you don't do
so within 30 seconds, you are automat-
ically logged off. Timeout allows you to
change how long Delphi waits before
asking you to respond. The system
default is 10 minutes, but you can
change it to whatever value is most
convenient for you.
Utilities
The Utilities feature is particularly
important because it can help you avoid
problems as you experiment with your
settings. Before you begin changing
your default settings, you can enter the
Utilities selection and save your current
profile to a file in your Workspace. Then
you can experiment with the confidence
that you can later reload your standard
settings file.
In Utilities, you have three options:
List, Dump and Reload. With List, you
can display a listing of your current
settings; Dump saves your current
profile to a file in your Workspace called
PROFILE. DMP, which conveniently
allows you to edit it there; and Reload
reloads it after you have edited it or
messed it up while you were experi-
menting.
There is also a special settings option
called Key which is most useful for
those who sign on to Delphi using
different terminals. All users have a
profile with a key of zero, the profile
that is used each time you log on. But
some users may want to have different
profiles. The Key option allows you to
set up additional profiles with keys of
I to 9. Each profile key is saved with the
command -'SAVE B. and can be loaded
with the command /RESTORE H at any
time, from any area of the system.
As an example, for my CoCo with a
Word-Pak I, I use a profile that has 80
columns and 22 lines selected. However,
on occasion, I use a Tandy 200 so I can
sit on the couch and watch my two kids.
For this, I select Key I, which is set up
for 40 columns and only 14 lines. This
makes it a lot easier to change, since I
don't have to enter 'L and -"M com-
mands.
You can /SAVE and -'RESTORE keys
from any prompt. Just make sure the
settings you are currently using are the
ones you want to save. Keep in mind,
though, that any time you log on, your
key will automatically be set to zero.
Therefore, you will start up with the
defaults you have chosen from the
Settings area of your Workspace.
Free Time Offer
Delphi has announced an interesting
special offer. Delphi members can
receive $50 of online time if they have
their Delphi name included on their
business card or business letterhead.
The user must send a sample to Delphi
for verification. For more details, send
Mail to NANCE, a Delphi employee./^
CHECKING ACCOUNT INFORMATION SYSTEM
Let your CoDo ease the task of nanagino your checking
accounts with CAIS. Record deposits, checks, ATM
transactions, interest, service charges and other
debit/credit transactions. Reconcile and balance your
accounts in linutes. Search and edit capabilities.
Requires 32K and 1 disk drive («in). Printer optional.
To order, send check or NO for 24.95 plus 2.50 S/H to:
(5C res. add 51 sales tax)
After Five Software
P.O. Box 210975
Colutbia, S.C. 29221-0975
IReviened in RAINBOW April '86 issue, pg. 185)
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
170
CoCo Repaln
• • • $25 Plus Paris • • •
HARDWARE MODIFICATIONS
From Panel Conlrols
Monitor Drivers
UPS Memory Backup
Memory Upgrades
Keyboard Upgrades
ROM Upgrades
AND MANY MORE!
Special Requirements? Just let us know.
Rowe Electronics Co., Inc.
5137 Goldman Dr. • Birmingham, Al 35210
(205) 956-4943
THE RAINBOW January 1987
The United Computer Federation and
SRB Software
present
Disneyland Hotel • January 30 to February 1, 1987
The Color Exhibition '87 promises to be one of the best
events in Color Computer history! Color Computer owners
throughout the United States will be gathering at the Disneyland
Hotel January 30th, 31st and February 1st for a weekend of
entertainment, education and plain old fun. Tentative guest
speakers include Dale Puckett, Brian Lantz, Bill Turner, Bill
Barden, Dale Lear, Frank Hogg, Wayne Day, Marty Goodman,
John Ross, Steve Bjork, Linda Vincent and Pete Ellison . . . Plus
much, much more. Throughout the 3-day event we will be
running "THE COCO COUNTY FAIR" . . . This is an opportunity
for you to show off your stuff in competitions ranging from a
Mid-air P-51 sky duel, to entering your favorite Graphic picture,
BASIC program, music file and more! Plus many of the top
vendors who make up the Color Computer Community will be
on hand showing off the latest in Color Computer innovations,
and wheeling and dealing like never before! And, if that were not
enough one of the largest CoCo bashes to rock the West Coast
will take place on Saturday night ... All this plus many more
surprises are waiting for you at the beautiful Disneyland Hotel!
Featuring Special
Guest Speakers:
Dale Puckett
Brian Lantz
Bill Turner
Bill Barden
Dale Lear
Frank Hogg
Wayne Day
Marty Goodman
John Ross
Steve Bjork
Linda Vincent
Pete Ellison
The Color Computer Exposition '87 and
CoCo County Fair are presented by the
United Computer Federation. The UCF
is an organization of Color Computer
users with chapters throughout the
western United States with the Color
Expo as it's National Meeting.
Tickets available at all Ticketron locations, or Teletron Charge
(213) 410-1062 or (714) 634-1300
Or send your check or money order to:
United Computer Federation
366 W. Providencia Ave., Burbank, CA 91506
For additional show information phone (818) 840-8903
There is a special advance ticket price (before Jan 14, 1987) ot $7.00
for Adults, S3.50 for children 5 to 12. Ticket prices will be slightly
higher at the door.
Show times for the event.
Friday 7:00 p.m. -10:00 p.m.
Saturday 10:00 a.m.-6:00 p.m.
Sunday 11:00 a.m. -4:00 p.m.
TIWETWJN
TtLETPDN
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RAINBOW
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* Current Record Holder
Shutout
r* **••*••**•**•••*****•••••••••*
ADVANCED STAR'TRENCH (THE RAINBOW. 7/86)
3.960 *Maurice MacGarvey, Dawson Creek,
British Columbia
2,300 Blain Jamieson. Kingston, Ontario
1.800 Chris Goodman. Baltimore. MD
ALPINE SLOPES (THE RAINBOW, 12/85)
6.851 *Myriam Ferland. Trois-Rlvieres.
Quebec
4.656 Maurice MacGarvey. Dawson Creek,
British Columbia
4.254 Todd Winz. Midland, Ml
4.058 Johnny Garrison, Tuscaloosa, AL
3.970 Sleven Bullard, Allen. OK
ANDRONE (Radio Shack)
61,200 *Maurice MacGarvey. Dawson Creek,
British Columbia
58,200 Scott Bellman. Bettendort, IA
57.300 Mitch Harl, Seatlle, WA
54.300 Daphnie Phillips, Evansville. Wl
40.585 Theresa Juolten, PelKie. Ml
ASTRO BLAST (Mar* Dafa;
60.625 #Craig Schreder, Sarnia, Ontario
BAG-IT-MAN (Aardvark)
358,000 *Kovin Krueger. 100 Mile House.
British Columbia
BEAM RIDER /Spectral Associates)
6.004.000 *James Oakley, Nashville, TN
3.376.080 Lisa Lapointe, La Tuque, Quebec
3,042,470 Evelyn Thompson. Nederland, TX
1,909.630 Paul Bivens. Washington, PA
747,200 Robert Eering. Swilt Current.
Saskatchewan
BIOSPHERE (Radio Shack)
391 *Danny Perkins. Clillon Forge. VA
BOXING (THE RAINBOW, 8/86)
480 *Talib Khan. Bronx. NY
395 Blain Jamieson, Kingston. Ontario
BUBBLE WARS (THE RAINBOW, 2/86)
75,100 *Rachael Richards. Blakeslee, PA
43,150 Shirley Kirk, Elgin, OR
37.957 Odene Kirk. Elgin, OR
30,850 Daniel Cecil, Bardstown, KY
29.650 Carlton Taylor, Scarborough, Ontario
BUSTOUT (Radio Shack)
37.900 *Gordon Rock, Davenport, IA
21,850 Charles Eggleslield, Sault Ste Mane.
Ontario
21,630 Tanya Maestas. Denver. CO
21,236 Mike McCalferty, Idaho Falls, ID
18,403 Chris Zepka, North Adams, MA
CANYON CLIMBER (Radio Shack)
60.000 *Dobbio Wilcock, Ml Carmel. PA
CASTLE (THE RAINBOW, 6/86)
202,659 *Brendan Powell, La Grande, OR
1 16.606 Darryn Bearisto. New Carlisle.
Quebec
55.239 John Broussard Jr., Alexandria, LA
10,216 Kirby Smith, York, PA
9,941 Maurice MacGarvey, Dawson Creek,
British Columbia
CATERPILLAR CAVE (T4D Sottware)
1,170 *Alex Abraham. Atlanta. GA
CHAMBERS (Tom Mix)
180,900 *Blossom Mayor, East Greenbush, NY
CLOWNS & BALLOONS (Radio Shack)
52,440 *Robin Ackerman, Concord, TN
41,280 Blake Cadmus, Reading, PA
COLOR BASEBALL I Radio Shack)
999-0 *»Erik Munson. Tucson, AZ
866-1 Ghislain Chillis, Trois-Rlvieres,
Quebec
814-1 Frank D'Amato, Brooklyn, NY
H i.l-o 'John Licata. Richton Park, IL
653-0 "Danny Perkins, Clifton Forge, VA
549-0 »Skipper Taday, East Lyme. CT
COLOR BLACKJACK (THE RAINBOW. 10/83)
S26.500 *Francois Provencal. Chatcauguay,
Quebec
COLOR CAR (NOVASOFTI
242,767 *Alan Martin. Cornwall. Ontario
1 10,454 Scott Enman, Belle-Mead, NJ
107.864 David Enlenmann. Monroe, NY
COLORPEDEdnfracofor/
317,476 *Nadine Bourgeaull, Mississauga.
Ontario
CRYSTLE CASTLES ( ThundeiVisiOn)
820.010 *J. Yosel Krinsky, Jerusalem, Israel
595,490 Candice Berger. Calgary, Alborla
DALLAS QUEST (Radio Shack)
87 *Douglas Bell. Duncan. OK
89 Milan Parekh, Fullerton, CA
89 Andrew Urquhart, Melairie, LA
89 Steve Zemaitis, Howell, Ml
90 Roy Grant. Toledo, OH
91 John Semonin. Akron, OH
92 David & Shirley Johnson.
Leicester. NC
DEATH TRAP (Soil Sector;
86,748 *Douglas Pardon, Brigham Cily. UT
47.233 Dale Krueger. Maple Ridge.
British Columbia
40,674 David Enlenmann, Monroe, NY
DECATHALON (Spectral Associates;
10.304 ^Bernard Florence. Croydon. Australia
9.64B Matthew Sunderland. Chrlstchurch,
New Zealand
9.344 Marco Lecours, Sle-Justine, Quebec
DEMOLITION DERBY (Radio Shack)
1 10,500 *Tim Glenn. Havertown, PA
97.700 Brian 8allew, Morganton, NC
DEMON ATTACK (Imagic)
244,1 10 ^Gregory Day. Holstein, Ontario
125,520 Mike Watson, Northville, NY
81,635 Tim Glenn. Havertown, PA
78,010 Lisa Nebel. Phoenix, AZ
64,195 Jon Ruhnow, Duncanville. TX
DEMON SEED (MichTron)
15,360 *Blake Cadmus. Reading. PA
DESERT PATROL (Arcade Animation)
746.450 *Rodney Abery. Victoria, Australia
DESERT RIDER (Radio Shack)
68.872 *Janine Freamon, Citrus Heights, CA
65.215 Skip Freamon. Citrus Heights, CA
62,329 Steve Zemaitis. Howell, Ml
51.519 Michael Lizardy, Oregon, OH
50.268 Bernard Florence. Croydon, Australia
40,721 Fiona Robertson. Hackett, Australia
DOODLEBUG (Computorware)
2.515.940 *William Novobllsky,
Lanoka Harbor. NJ
1.315,170 Doreen Watt, Sudbury. Ontario
400.820 Blossom Mayor. East Greenbush. NY
52.430 Craig Schreder. Sarnia. Ontario
18,385 Blake Cadmus, Reading, PA
DOUBLE BACK (Radio Shack)
2,586.300 *Eugene Roosa. Stone Ridge. NY
1,616,400 Diane Guernon, Montreal, Quebec
450.600 Michael Brennon. Calgary, Alberta
159.610 Blake Cadmus, Reading. PA
52.840 Joel MacNeil. Needham. MA
22,600 Samuel Wilcock. Mt. Carmel. PA
DOWNLAND (Radio SfiacfO
89.490 *Noil Edge. Wllllston, FL
77,254 Tom Audas, Fremont. CA
70.142 Chris Goodman, Baltimore, MD
68.142 Cooper Valentin, Vavenby.
British Columbia
49,500 Danny Perkins. Clifton Forge, VA
DRACONIAN (Tom Mix)
760.549 *Conan Davis, London. Ontario
157.310 Mark Bourgeaull. Mississauga.
Ontario
DRAGON FIRE (Radio Shack)
123.120 *Rupert Young. Sheffield. MA
46,713 Gilles Gagne. Sillery, Quebec
33,676 Nathanaol Heller, Kenner, LA
30.720 Brian Malherne. Gretna. LA
21,221 Jermaine Jackson. Talluloh. LA
ENCHANTER (tnlocom)
400/621 *8rad Wilson, Lilhia Springs, GA
185/186 David Tarleton. Williamsburg, VA
80/1 15 Scolt Bellman. Betlendorl, IA
EVICTOR (THE RAINBOW. 7/86)
9,230 *Raymond MacGarvey, Dawson Creek,
British Columbia
7.500 Rachael Richards. Blakeslee, PA
4,570 Chris Goodman, Baltimore, MD
FALCON'S LAIR (THE RAINBOW, 8/85)
30,522 *Kirby Smith, York, PA
19.554 Talib Khan. Bronx. NY
18.461 Joyce Smith, Butler. PA
17,463 Michael Scotl. Johnstown. NY
15,707 Daniel Cecil, Bardstown. KY
FIGHTER PILOT (Saguaro Sollware)
1 1 7.000 *Stevphan Arvay. St. Louis, MO
61,500 Steven Arvay. St. Louis. MO
FIRESTORM (THE RAINBOW. 1/86)
3.510 *Brad Bansner, Wyomissing, PA
FROGGIE (Spectral Associates)
34,540 *Richard Nieves, Mayaguez.
Puerto Rico
FROG-MAN (Computer Island)
6.635 *Andy Green, Whitehall, PA
GALAGON (Spectral Associates)
73.520 *Neil Edge, Wllliston. FL
71,220 Debora Edwards. Wembley, Alberta
GANTELET (Diecom Products)
2,01 1.200 *Jerry Colberl, Bakersliold. CA
787.780 Brad Wilson, Lilhia Springs. GA
628.020 Mike Dyer, Lompoc, CA
243.810 Jay Graddick. Cocoa, FL
73.460 John Strailon, Merrill Island. FL
GATES (THE RAINBOW. 8/86)
600 *James Donegan. Saugerties, NY
GHANA BWANA (Radio Shack)
693,830 *Steve Wright. Fredericton.
New Brunswick
510,160 Milan Parekh, Fullerlon, CA
459.930 Gene Wells, Silsboe, TX
359.080 Mike Dyer. Lompoc, CA
325,900 Rupert Young. Sheffield, MA
300,000 Leon Kornbluth, Richfield. NJ
GHOST GOBBLER (Spectral Associates)
102,540 *Greg Enckson, Lowell, MA
80,550 Olga Pichard, Lausanne. Switzerland
76.900 Ghislain Chillis, Trois-Rivieres,
Quebec
76.900 Pierre Pichard. Lausanne.
Switzerland
72.960 Sylvaln Castonguay, Chicoutimi.
Quebec
47,200 Mark Herpst, San Diego. CA
• ••••••••••••••••••••"AT********
172
THE RAINBOW January 1987
• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••A-
SCOREBOARD •
11.000
10.900
9.900
4.200
2.134.600
1 .670,900
1.500,800
219,700
168.385
149,190
137.900
135.825
GRABBER ( Tom Mix)
182.100 *Blossom Mayor. Easl Greenbush, NY
23.550 Rod Kruetzleld. Vanscoy.
Saskatchewan
GRID FACTOR (T&D So/fwaro)
4,550 *Alex Abraham, Atlanta. GA
HITCHHIKER'S GUIDE TO THE GALAXY (Inlocom)
400/722 *Brad Wilson, Lithia Springs, GA
HYPERZONE (Computemare)
16,230 *Richard Nieves. Mayaguoz.
Puerlo Rico
JUNIOR'S REVENGE (Computerware)
1 .210,400 *Ryan Sharp. Pompano Beach. FL
KAMAKAZIE KAR (THE RAINBOW. 8/65)
75.75 *Tim Glenn, Havertown, PA
KARATE (Diecom Producfs)
24.400 *Robbie Cross. Slarkvllle, MS
Gilles Molanson. Sudbury. Ontario
Jim Doyle, Barrackville. WV
Scott Enman, Belle-Mead, NJ
Scotl Bellman, Bettendorl, IA
THE KING fTom Mix)
4,092,600 *Fruber Malcom, Culpoper, VA
Tim Rueb, Stevensville, Ml
Yolanda Farr. Sayre. PA
Kevin Cornell. Greentown, IN
Rodney Abory. Victoria, Australia
KNOCK OUT (Diecom Products)
181.085 *Rush Caley. Porl Orchard, WA
John Licata, Richton Park, IL
Daniel Lesage. Laval. Quebec
John Rogers, Rye, NH
Ghislain Chillis, Trois-Rivieres,
Ouebec
KUNG FU FIGHTER (THE RAINBOW. 3/86)
890 *Brlan Matherne. Gretna. LA
LEMANS (Spectral Associates)
0:53 *Robert Eering. Swilt Current,
Saskatchewan
0:93 Stephen Mills. Swilt Current.
Saskatchewan
LUNAR-ROVER PATROL (Spectral Associafes)
403,950 *Rodney Abery, Victoria, Australia
142.600 Jerry Rossano, Manassas. VA
MARBLE MAZE (Diecom Products)
36,354,780 *Melvin Sharp Jr., Baltimore. MO
Neil Edge, Wllliston, FL
Dan Bouges. Niantic, CT
Jell Maxwell, Lincoln, NE
Stephane Ouzilleau. Lauzon. Ouebec
MEGA-BUG (Radio Shack)
20.941 *Shelby Dunning, Sacramento. CA
Tim Rueb, Stevensville, Ml
Keith Oueen, Marietta. GA
Michael Clerico. Soalord. NY
Blam Jamieson. Kingston, Ontario
MINIGOLF (THE RAINBOW, 5/86)
23 *Wiltrid Sloan. Newporl-on-Tay.
Scotland
MISSION: F-16 ASSAULT (Diecom Products)
127.550 *Michael Heilz. Chicago. IL
38.305 Richard Nieves. Mayaguez.
Puerto Rico
Chris Foster. Toxarkana. TX
Jeanine Mason, Spencer, MA
Stevphan Arvay. St. Louis. MO
MONSTER MAZE /Radio Shack)
207,800 *Kennelh Kirby. Murphy. NC
MR. DIG (Computerware)
10,416,315 *Paula James, Lumberton, TX
MUOPIES (MichTron)
354.800 *Sal Scibetta, Houston, TX
Terry Kreller, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Lisa Kohn, Canton, OH
Eddie Roginski, Mertztown. PA
Dale Kruoger. Maple Ridge,
British Columbia
NINJA WARRIOR (Programmer's Guild)
1 .01 1 ,900 *Vivian Buterln, St. John, MO
753,000 Rich Fioro. Clemson, SC
Robert Mercredi, Winnipeg. Manitoba
Terry Kreller, Winnipeg. Manitoba
Eric Gladstone. Ocala. FL
OFFENDER (American Business Computers)
215.000 *Andrew Urquhart, Metairie, LA
186.560
106,950
104.130
103.560
18.874
17.250
14.861
14.785
34,670
29.600
19,900
246.600
127.200
108.800
96,700
181.200
164.400
108,000
ONE-ON-ONE (Radio Shack)
1,006-57
♦ Elliot Allrod & Ian Hanson.
Houston. TX
Mark Berry. Durham, Ontario
Chad Johnson, Little Rock, AR
Toby Jacobs, Bellefontaine, OH
Wes Hill, Vashon, WA
•Erik Hullman, Rochester Hills, Ml
OPERATION FREEDOM (THE RAINBOW. B/85)
33.320 *Blain Jamieson, Kingston, Ontario
24,395 Mark Daley, Binghamton, NY
PAC-TAC (Computerware)
39.853 *Andy Green. Whitehall. PA
PAPER ROUTE (Diecom Products)
5 1 1 ,000 *David Kaultman, South Haven, Ml
Lawrence Elman, Smilhlown, NY
Jaml Foster, Maryvllle. TN
Michael Heitz. Chicago. IL
Martin Parada, Arcadia, CA
PEGASUS AND THE PHANTOM RIDERS (fladio Shack)
250.200 *Leon Kornbluth. Richfield. NJ
Mike Grant, Fresno. CA
Mike Dyer. Lompoc, CA
Milan Parokh, Fullerton, CA
Rodrigo Maldonado. Whittier, CA
994-24
994-2B
9B6-22
970-32
969-0
337,550
249.000
200.305
106,000
187.300
109,800
63,890
50,200
PITFALL II (Actmsion)
199.000 *Kirk Lockhart, Waco. TX
199.000 Danny Perkins, Clifton Forge. VA
198.252 Tom Audas, Fremont. CA
194,000 Michael Wallace. Bronx. NY
187,900 Thomas Audas II. Fremont. CA
173.884 Brian Biggs, Grove Cily. OH
PITSTOP II (Epyx)
54 *James Doly, Washougal, WA
54 *Danny Perkins, Clifton Forge. VA
15 Randy Heckman. La Mirada. CA
9 Walter Hearne. Pensacola. FL
9 Jeff Maxwell, Lincoln, NE
POLARIS (fladio Shack)
81,724 *Gene Murphy. Fl. Worth, TX
POLAR TIC TAC TOE (THE RAINBOW, 8/86)
12 *Chris Goodman, Baltimore. MD
POOYAN (Datasolt)
97,500,000 *Rich Fiore. Clemson, SC
3,785.000 Ben Collins, Clemson. SC
1,987.000 Jon Sowle, Sanford, FL
1.546,000 Jason Maxwell, Manchester. TN
1,253,200 Thomas Mayor. Brooklyn. NY
POPCORN (fladio Shack)
165.180 *Matl Heinemann. Richmond. VA
116.630 Keith Aschemeier. Napoleon, OH
57,680 Melita Boudreault, Porl-Cartier.
Ouebec
56,500 Bruce Johnson, Vavenby.
British Columbia
50.210 Scott Swedis, Spencer, MA
PYRAMID (fladio Shack)
220/220 *Craig Fricke, Jacksonville, IL
QUIX (Tom Mix)
1.404,000 *Curtis Goodson, Sao Paulo, Brazil
1.003,104 Elisa Goodson. Sao Paulo. Brazil
RADIO BALL (Radio Shack)
6.330,350 *Myrlam Ferland. Trois-Rivieres.
Quebec
4,510,740 Les Dorn. Eau Claire, Wl
1.945,110 Dominic Deguire, Si. Basile. Ouebec
1.330.500 Sara Grace, Baltimore. MD
1 .301 .350 Brian Matherne. Gretna. LA
ROBOTTACK
2.122.150
1.020.800
975,850
931,250
637,600
ROMMEL 3-D
499.400
144.600
84.000
68.200
62,700
(Inlracolor)
•Ghislaln Chillis & Michel Lessard.
Trois-Rivieres, Ouebec
Ian MacLachlan, Bethany, Ontario
Erik Huflman, Rochester Hills. Ml
Keith Smith, Bethany. Ontario
Chad McClellan, Rushvllle, IN
(MichTron)
♦Stephen Charchuk, Yarmouth,
Nova Scotia
Jim Hawerbier, Elmhurst. IL
Todd Hooge, Comox.
British Columbia
Marc Gagnon. Cap-de-la-Madeleine,
Quebec
Paul Seng, East Lansing. Ml
SAILOR MAN (Tom Mix)
997,300 *John Licata, Richton Park. IL
983,300 Gabriel Assel, Cameron, MO
910.200 Mike McGeoch, Havertown, PA
879,100 Alan Drazon, Longwood. FL
741,100 Bryan Jenner. Calgary, Alberta
SALVAGE OF THE ASTRONAUTS (THE RAINBOW. 9/86
4.830 *Chris Goodman, Baltimore, MD
793 Spencer Motcall. Longview. TX
SANDWORM (THE RAINBOW, 8/86)
830 *Brian Matherne, Gretna. LA
SHAMUS (fladio Shack)
190.280 *Damon Sunderland, Christchurch,
New Zealand
88,960 Mike McGeoch, Havertown. PA
27,510 Craig Schindler, Cambridge, Ontario
27,285 Thomas Hunt, Oxon Hill, MD
24,000 Frank Pruot. San Diego. CA
SHENANIGANS (Mark Data)
90 *Roy Granl, Toledo, OH
90 *Jeff Hillison, Blacksburg, VA
90 *Paut Maxwell. Vancouver.
British Columbia
95 Ed Emelett. Nanlicoke, PA
95 David Kay, Winnipeg, Manitoba
SHOCK TROOPER (Mark Data)
214,203 *Fruber Malcom. Culpoper, VA
150.490 Erik Huffman, Rochester Hills. Ml
100.040 Rodney Mullineaux. Gig Harbor. WA
69.328 Gordon Alvarnaz, Taunton. MA
50.782 Tim Peysar, Pasadena, CA
SIR EGGBERT JUMPER (THE RAINBOW, 8/85)
568 *Odene Kirk, Elgin, OR
SKIING (fladio Shack!
0:45.65 *Tim North. Emporia, KS
0:49.45 Sam Zehel Jr., Coal Center, PA
0:56.00 Jason Munson, Tucson. AZ
0:56.00 Leslie Sherman, Shallowater, TX
1 :00.00 Scott Clevenger, Falrmount, IN
1:00.00 Billy Fairfull, Charleston. SC
1:10.00 Kevin Gallagher, Santa Monica, CA
SLAY THE NERIUS (Radio Shack)
329.335 *Tom Audas, Fremont, CA
157.997 Thomas Audas II. Fremont. CA
SPACE ASSAULT (fladio Shack)
10,120 *Kennelh Kirby. Murphy. NC
SPEED RACER (MichTron)
145.400 *Brion King, Orlando. FL
142,720 Erik Huflman. Rochesler Hills. Ml
142,310 Kevin Cornell. Greentown. IN
142.100 Chris Harrison. Brooks, KY
139,210 Alan Drazen, Longwood, FL
SPIDERCIDE (fladio Shack)
2.550 *Charles Marlow, Briarwood. NY
2.000 Mike Walson, Northville. NY
1.740 Joel DeYoung, Manson, Manitoba
1.730 Jason Munson. Tucson. AZ
1,540 Blake Cadmus, Reading. PA
STAR BLAZE (Radio Snack)
9.350 *Michael Shahan, Bloomington, IN
8.750 Jon Larson. Seligman, AZ
8.750 Kent Pirkle. Cumming, GA
8,400 John Guptill. Columbia. MO
8,200 Chris Coleman. Meriden, CT
8.100 Curtis Frazier Jr.. Enterprise, AL
7.650 Christian Keyes. Stroud, Ontario
STARLORD (THE RAINBOW. 8/86)
452,880 *Brad Bansner, Wyomissing, PA
213.180 David Barlmess, Fayettoville. PA
92,220 Christian Keyes, Slroud, Ontario
65,280 Wilfrid Sloan, Newporl-on-Tay.
Scotland
51,195 Mark Glover, Derby, NY
STELLAR LIFE-LINE (fladio Snack)
347,420 *Steven Smilh. Matthews, NC
299,030 William Novobilsky.
Lanoka Harbor. NJ
78.600 Don Johnson. Winnipeg. Manitoba
58,580 Stefan Mecay, Austin, TX
49,900 Craig Fricke, Jacksonville. IL
STRATEGY FOOTBALL (THE RAINBOW. 8/83)
124-7 *Thomas Laubach, Jacksonville, FL
TEMPLE OF ROM (Radio Shack)
1,422,400 *Timothy Bishop. Jacksonville. FL
959.400 Sonya Hurst, Richmond, CA
• •*•••*••••**•**•***•******•*•
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 173
**••***•*******•***•***•*****
938.800 Christopher Romance.
Massapequa Park. NY
250,600 Thomas Audas II, Fremonl. CA
219,300 Maurice MacGarvey, Dawson Creek,
British Columbia
131.100 Brian Matherne. Gretna, LA
THE TOUCHSTONE (Torn Mix)
73,520 *Mark Bourgeault. Mtssissauga.
Ontario
TUBE FRENZY fAaidvark)
181,930 *Sheryl Chapnick, Winnipeg, Manitoba
VARLOC (Radio Shack)
1,910 *Danny Perkins, Clifton Forge, VA
1.850 Michael Batalon, Ninole. HI
1 ,650 Wayne Edwards, Wembley, Alberta
VICIOUS VIC (THE RAINBOW. 7/86)
2.626 *Brad Bansner, Wyomissing. PA
2,512 Jell Brudereck. Wyomissing. PA
1,201 Maurice MacGarvey, Dawson Creek,
Brilish Columbia
THE VORTEX FACTOR (Mark Data;
100/483 *Rick S Brenda Stump,
Laureldale, PA
WHIRLYBIRD RUN (Spectral Associates)
31,300 *Martin Parada. Arcadia, CA
ZAXXON (Dalasoll)
2.061,000 *Byron Allord. Roytown, MO
1.300.500 Dan Brown, Pittsford. NY
1,100.600 Andrew Urquhart, Melairio. LA
256,400 Blake Cadmus. Reading, PA
253,400 Bob Dewitt, Blue Island, IL
52.000 Jesse Ross, Rochester. NY
ZONX (THE RAINBOW. 10/85)
21 ,100 *Phillip Johnson, Scotlsville, VA
15,100 J. Yoset Krinsky, Jerusalem, Israel
14,900 Christian Keyes, Stroud, Ontario
14,300 Dale Taylor. Chattanooga, TN
13.600 Michael Etchason, Sauk Rapids. MN
— Jody Doyle
I neon junction with the rainbow's Scoreboard, we offer Ih is column of
pointers for our game-playing readers' benefit. If you have some interest-
ing hints and tips, we encourage you to share them by sending them to
Vt l ip Scoreboard, c/o the rainbow.
FEEDBACK
Scoreboard:
In response to the letter from Frank
Hee/en in the October 1986 issue, the gunk
in Zork I is a tube of glue that can be used
to repair any holes in the inflatable boat.
You have to use the boat to travel down
the river to recover a treasure, but if you
do not take any sharp objects in the boat
with you, there will probably be no holes
and you will not need the glue.
Richard King
Plymouth, IN
BOXED IN
Scoreboard:
You can go beyond 999,999 in playing
Quix. When you pass one million, the
screen rolls over a few times and the
counter resets to zero.
Here is a simple technique to catch the
two snakes: Make a lot of small boxes
along the margins, as closely spaced as
possible, but without touching one
another. A snake will eventually enter the
space between two boxes, and will be
unable to come out again. Then just close
off that space at your leisure.
Curtis C. Goodson
Campinas, Brazil
THE CRACKED CRYPT
Scoreboard:
I have finally solved The Martian Crypt'.
Here are some pointers:
The magic word is "amore." When you
cross the pit ask for help. Go into the
water, go South, then West, get the crown
and go East, North, North. Give the crown
to the sage for another riddle. Pry the
plaque with the stalactite. Then go East
and fly over the cracks in the floor and
throw the stalactite at the wraith. To open
the big doors throw a red gem. Once inside,
ask for help.
If anyone knows how to cross the bridge
in Trekboer, please send help. I have tied
the rope to the tree east of the bridge. But
it doesn't work.
David Merkel
Houston, TX
PYRAMID PUZZLE
Scoreboard:
In Pyramid 1 have everything but the
coins and remaining treasure. How do I get
them? PLUGH does not seem to change the
game (as far as I can lell).
Also in Zork I 1 can't find the altar,
dispose of the granite wall in the slide room
or figure out what to use to exorcise in the
tiny cave room. If you have the red buoy,
use it to hide your valuables from the thief
and the other guy. Please send help to
"Scoreboard."
Dale Lampe
Sacramento. CA
DONT JUMP SHIP
Scoreboard:
I need help on the Adventure The Stow-
away from The Second Rainbow Book of
Adventures. I have searched the whole
ship, found the power box on the wall
behind the coal pile and thrown the switch.
Also, I have found the message on the
ceiling and moved the compass handle.
Where do I go from here? Any help would
be appreciated.
William R. Graham
Swedesboro, NJ
DID I MISS SOMETHING?
Scoreboard:
I've just solved Bedlam in one sitting of
about half an hour. I had fun with it but
it ended too soon. Does anybody know of
any other exits besides the kennel?
A hint for Bedlam: Drop the hook
before you feed the dog the meat with the
pill inside it.
Erick Molnar
Reno, NV
AXE-ING FOR HELP
Scoreboard:
I'm having trouble with Blackbeard's
Island. After I get the string, I go back
through the path in the underbrush. Then
I go to the dock and fish for the anchor.
When I go back to the underbrush. I can't
get through. It tells me the underbrush is
too thick! Since my axe broke I can't cut
another pathway. Can anybody help?
Please write to the "Scoreboard."
David Solley
Elyria, OH
BOGGED DOWN IN BEDLAM
Scoreboard:
I can't find how to gel around the
serpent in Pyramid 2000. I also haven't
found out how to get over the rug in
Raaka- Tu, or how to get the green key and
red key in Bedlam. Any help would be
appreciated.
Sam Waldrap
Brownwood, TX
SUPREME FLASK SURPRISE
Scoreboard:
I am stumped on Kingdom of Basham.
I can't get off the mountain road. In Sands
of Egypt, I can't even find the pyramid let
alone get in.
While playing Dungeons of Daggorath
I came across a supreme flask which I
could pick up, but was unable to use. I have
owned the game for several years and never
encountered this before. Any help would
be greatly appreciated.
Joseph ./. McElheny
Pensacola, FL
*•*•*•****•••**•***•••*•*•••*
174
THE RAINBOW January 1987
ar.
ftware
For the serious student . . .
. from Preschool to College
Ages 3-5
Hand-eye coordination
Colors
Shapes
Numbers
Great graphics and music
Reading readiness skills
Capital letters
Small letters
Learn to associate letters and letter blends with the
sounds they make
Requires 32K ECB and joysticks
PreReader
$19.95 -Tape
$24.95 - Disk
GALACTIC
HANGMAN
SUGAR
Both 16K ECB and
32K ECB versions
included on tape
$17.95
• For grade 2 and up
• Exciting version of popular word guessing game
• Play against the computer or a friend
• Outstanding high-resolution graphics and animation
• Great sound effects and music
• 700 word vocabulary included
• Create your own word files
- your child's spelling list
- foreign language vocabulary
- specialized word list, i.e., geographic, chemistry,
physics
• Broaden your vocabulary
• Both 16K ECB and 32K ECB versions included on
tape
• Easily moved to disk
MATH MISSION
5H0! TIMER
POWER LEUEL
r. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1, u,l,u,i,i,i,l,i
91
c c
ES
3 1
a
z
IE
Q
■
■
■
■
A
r>i
a
z
m
P = 1
50
♦ 32
5T= »3
PL= 10
w =
50100
Math Mission is an educational game designed to rein-
force early math skills in the four math operations:
Addition
Subtraction
Multiplication
Division
• Can be played on any of four optional levels of
difficulty
• Joystick oriented to develop hand-eye
coordination
• Shot timer simulates a classroom time test
• Picture, sound, and word rewards
MATH MISSION requires 32K ECB and
1 joystick
Available on both Tape and Disk
$24.95, either version
Dealer and author Inquiries arc al-
ways welcome. Canadian dealers
should contact Kelly Software Dis-
tributors, Ltd., P.O. Box 1193:2.
Edmonton. Alberta T5.J-3L1, {.403)
421-8003.
Disk software compatible wilh Radio
Shack I )( )S only.
SUGAR SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 7446
Hollywood, Florida 3308 I
(305)981-1241
A complete catalog of other sweet
Sugar Software products is available.
Add 81.50 per program for postage
and handling. Florida residents add
5% sales tax.
COD orders are welcome. CIS orders
EMAIL to 70405. 1374. Xor cfundso r
exchanges. f !T. . . ! [■fjgf
J
EDUCATION OVERVIEW
The Question
of Assessment
By Michael Plog, Ph.D.
Rainbow Contributing Editor
One of the key terms currently in
vogue for education these days
is accountability. Schools are
being asked to improve their account-
ability at the national, state and local
levels.
For most people, this concept has two
components fiscal and student learn-
ing. A cynical definition of "fiscal
accountability" is that schools are asked
to do more with less money. Fiscal
accountability is most often raised as an
issue by people who want to reduce
school budgets. However, the main
topic of interest here is not fiscal ac-
countability, but accountability of
student learning. We will leave the idea
of fiscal responsibility for later.
Accountability for student learning is
closely tied to the idea of assessment.
With proper assessment, so goes the
argument, schools will be accountable
for the knowledge students acquire, and
will be able to identify areas of weakness
that need improvement.
Michael Plog received his doctorate
degree from the University of Illinois.
He has taught social studies in high
school, worked in the central office of
a school district and is currently em-
ployed at the Illinois State Board of
Education.
The term "assessment" is normally
translated into the more common term
of "testing." Ask most educators what
they do for assessment of student learn-
ing, and they will respond by telling you
which tests (often standardized com-
mercial instruments) they administer to
students.
Assessment, however, is a much
broader concept than testing. Testing
has come to mean paper and pencil
instruments, where a student is pre-
sented with one question at a time and
must provide one answer at a time. The
answer is either right or wrong. Assess-
ment, on the other hand, is generally
used by educators to indicate a full
evaluation of student abilities and
knowledge.
There are arguments about the merits
of testing. My personal opinion is that
testing is a very poor way of determin-
ing what a student knows, but a very
easy way of getting a lot of information
about a lot of students in a short time.
The value of that information is what
raises questions about the merits of
testing.
For example, consider the problem of
a teacher who wants to determine how
well students have learned program-
ming a computer in BASIC. One option
for this teacher is the test option. The
teacher develops a series of questions
(generally, a set of multiple choice
questions) about programming terms,
examples of FDR -NEXT loops, how to
use commands such as RESTORE, LINE,
PMDDE, CLOflD, etc. Students answer the
questions. Each question is assigned
one correct response, and the total
number of correct responses is used to
obtain a score for each student. This
score is then interpreted to indicate how
much students know about program-
ming.
Unfortunately, this activity is not the
best way for a teacher to determine how
well students have learned BASIC pro-
gramming. The obvious "best" way is
for the teacher to assign a task to be
completed on the computer. Students
would have to program the machine to
complete the task. If a student's pro-
gram does not perform the task re-
quired, the teacher can clearly state that
student does not know how to program
the computer. If the computer does
indeed perform the task required, the
student has demonstrated knowledge
about BASIC programming. The level of
difficulty of the task to be performed
should relate to the level of knowledge
of the students. For a beginning pro-
grammer in the lower grades, the task
may be to input and print names of
176
THE RAINBOW January 1987
classmates. For an advanced pro-
grammer in high school, the task might
be to create a database for class attend-
ance and grades.
Although it is entirely possible to
conduct a good assessment program
without a computer, it is impossible to
provide a large scale testing program
without some computerized assistance.
Computers are used for testing in two
basic ways.
The first way is to use the computer
instead of paper and pencil. In this type
of computer use for testing, a student is
given a question on the computer screen
instead of on a piece of paper. The
student presses a key instead of writing
an answer or marking a space on an
answer sheet. The computer keeps track
of all responses, scores the responses as
right or wrong, gets a score for the
student, and can even compare each
individual student with all other stu-
dents taking the test.
In this application of the computer to
testing, we have simply replaced one
technology with another. The computer
is merely eliminating a few steps in the
process. The questions need not be any
different if shown on the screen than on
a piece of paper. This application does
allow some flexibility not available with
pencil and paper tests. For instance, the
order of questions can be arranged in
different sequences, depending on
answers to previous questions. In
general, however, this use of the com-
puter is not much different than a paper
and pencil test.
Another way of using the computer
for testing is management of test infor-
mation. Computers can be used to score
tests. Most commercial tests, and a
growing number of locally developed
tests, use "mark sense" answer sheets.
Students darken a "bubble" on the
sheet, and an electronic device records
that mark as the answer. This scoring
technique is much faster than having
humans score the responses, with an
error rate close to what humans would
do. (All test scoring has error.) Schools
can purchase small "readers" that score
the mark sense answer sheets and
transfer the information through a
standard RS-232 port. (This is about
the same as using your RS-232 to
communicate with Delphi. You are just
communicating with the reader.)
In addition to scoring the test,
another component of management of
test information is the analysis of the
test instrument. Analysis of test infor-
mation involves two parts. First is the
analysis of the items making up the test.
Each item (question) can be examined
by two characteristics: how well it
relates to the test as a whole, and how
well it performs by itself. A test com-
posed of items showing good item
characteristics is said to have strong
reliability.
fr . . . widespread
student testing is
simply impossible
without the use of
computers. 9 '
The second part of analysis of test
information deals with the analysis of
groups of students. Students may be
compared with each other or to some
predetermined criterion of success as
measured by the test.
Thus, widespread student testing is
simply impossible without the use of
computers. The mathematics involved
in determining item characteristics and
analyses of groups of students is too
prohibitive without the speed of elec-
tronic machines. If it were not for
computers, very few national commer-
cial test instruments would be available
for purchase, and those would be ex-
tremely expensive. With computers.
tests can be constructed and analyzed
by local school districts.
So much for the testing concept.
Now, let's return to the more important
concept of assessment rather than
group testing. Do computers have a role
to play here?
One problem in this area is that the
state of the art of full assessment is not
as advanced as testing. Assessment has
traditionally been left up to individual
teachers providing judgments about
individual students. Teachers have used
a variety of ways to determine student
knowledge, including assigning tasks
for students to perform, observing
behaviors of students, and listening to
students discuss detailed points about
concepts learned.
It is entirely possible to use comput-
ers for assessment just as you would use
them for any other educational activity.
Students can be asked to express their
knowledge in written form on a
computer, or show they understand
some concept by addressing it with
assistance from the computer. These
activities, however, are simply replacing
other technologies with the computer. It
is the same situation as having students
take a test on the computer instead of
using paper and pencil. We still know
very little about the broader concept of
assessment of determining student
knowledge. We need more study in this
field — more work by people at all levels
of education.
There are several test companies
today selling standardized test instru-
ments for school use. All make liberal
use of computers for test analysis. All
use the weaker concept of testing; none
(to my knowledge) use the more ap-
propriate concept of assessment. If you
have found a way to use computers to
determine student knowledge (not deal-
ing with testing, which only measures
how well students can take a test),
please share your information with
others. 1, especially, would like to hear
from you. If anyone wants to write, my
address is 829 Evergreen. Chatham, IL
62629. /S\
One-Liner Contest Winner . . .
Here is a good way to alleviate frustration. Gel your
hands on a dart pistol. Then run this program to add
the finishing touch.
The listing:
1/3 PMODE4,l:SCREENl,l:PCLS:FORY=
lTO3:X=X+30: CIRCLE (128, 96) ,X:CIR
CLE (128, 96) ,10:DRAW"BM128,96;E3G
6E3H3F6" : DRAW"BMl/38 , 96 ;U3R3D3L3R
3D3L3U1" : DRAWBM83 , 96 ;R3U3L3D6R3
U3 " : DRAWBM55 , 95 ;U2L3R4L1D2L1D2L
1D2":NEXTY:F0RZ=1T0999999:NEXTZ
Matt Blue
Columbus, IN
(For ihis winning one-liner conlesl entry, (he nulhor has been sent copies
of boih The Rainbow Book of Simulations and ils companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
January 1987
THE RAINBOW
177
64 K
ECB
DOWNLOADS
Typographical Errors
Bring Confusion
By Dan Downard
Rainbow Technical Editor
• / recently bought the TRS-80 Color
Computer Assembly Language Pro-
gramming book. As I was paging
through it J found an assembly language
program for a music synthesizer, and as
I began typing it in. I came upon two
lines that required left arrows. When I
pressed SHIFT-UP ARROW, nothing hap-
pened: the cursor just sat there.
I can get a left arrow while in BASIC,
but not while in assembly.
The two lines look like this:
00310 MUS005 LDA t ENVPTR -
GET VALUE
004G0 LDfl t ENVPTR -
DUMMY
Craig Leininger
Moorhead, MN
Craig, you indeed found a typo in
TRS-80 Color Computer Assembly
Language Programming. The up and
left arrows you refer to are probably
misprinted control codes. If you look at
the rest of the listing you will see that
ENVPTR is the label for an envelope table
at address S3F69.
• I recently ran across Rainboard in the
November 1983 issue. Instead of pur-
chasing RemoTerm, / typed in Dan
Dan Downard is an electrical engineer
and has been involved in electronics for
27 years through Ham radio (K4KWT).
His interest in computers began about
eight years ago and he has built several
68XX systems.
Downard's terminal driver program
contained in that issue, as instructed by
the author of Rainboard.
When the program was executed I
noticed the caller's BREAK key wasn't
disabled at all. I came to the conclusion
that the poke given in Rainboard '.v
start-up routine was geared for Remo-
Term only. What poke could I use to
disable the caller's BREAK key in the
terminal driver program'.'
Allen Drennan
Sonora, CA
If you have an RS-232 Program Pak
you can try using REMOTE232, which
appeared in the November 1986 issue of
THE RAINBOW. If not, Allen, try RE-
MOTE! in the November 1985 issue.
Both of these programs are rewrites of
the original program with a few bells
and whistles.
• In your September column, you an-
swered a letter from Mr. Richardson
regarding two problems with OS-9.
Several years ago. when I first pur-
chased OS-9, I had a similar problem
with the format command. When I
tried to format a disk, it would format
the first several tracks, however, it
would eventually crash and lock up the
system. Since the drives were fairly new,
I had the Radio Shack technician exam-
ine them. He told me it was a defective
controller board since he couldn V ad-
just the board to work. I believe Mr.
Richardson might be well off to check
his controller.
William Strutts
Burton. MI
Thanks for your help, William. This
adjustment could indeed be the prob-
lem. As I have said before. Radio Shack
should get better grades for their service
staff.
• / have a 64 K Disk Extended BASIC
CoCo with BASIC Version 1.2, Ex-
tended BASIC Version 1. 1, Disk BASIC
Version 1.0 and an Epson MX/80 Plus
printer.
Recently, I bought Graphic Screen
Print Program (GSPRE) from Custom
Software Engineering, Inc. for my
CoCo and printer. This program only
works on the cassette base: if possible,
please tell me the proper procedure so
I can use it with my disk base.
Tho Luang P.
Flushing. NY
All you have to do to use the screen
dump program with disk is transfer it
from cassette to disk. Without having
the GSPRE program I can't tell you the
exact ending address, but if you have a
tape-to-disk transfer program it will
happen automatically. If you don't,
after loading the program from cassette
try:
SAVEM"G5PRE " , &H7DD0 ,
&H7FFF,&H7DD0
Then change lines 10 and 20 of your
program to:
10 CLEAR 200,&H7DD0-&HE00
20 L0ADM"G5PRE"
For the rest of the instructions use
178
THE RAINBOW January 1987
SAVE, SAVEM and LORD instead of
CSAVE, CSAVEM and CLOAD.
• I have a Gorilla Banana primer which
was purchased from DAK. Any lime I
try a graphics printout (like CoCo
Max,), it never works. I have set the
baud rate, checked connections and
power supplies. I really want to use
Hong Kwong's program in the May
1986 RAINBOW. Could you please tell
me what to do?
Jim Messer
Jacksonville, FL
Jim, we'll let William Tenison answer
your question.
• On May 13, I wrote you requesting
information regarding screen dump
information for my Co Co to my Gorilla
Banana. I also asked if this printer
would print graphics.
I should have read my new RA IN BO w
before I wrote. In it you told about
Radio Shack's screen dump program
DWDUMP. Catalog No. 26-3121.
I have also solved my problem of
getting the Gorilla to accept CoCo Max
graphics. For anyone else who might
have this problem here is how I did it:
On power-up, run the following pro-
gram to put the printer in graphics
mode:
20 PRINT 8-2, CHR$(8)
30 FOR TIME = 1 to 20
40 C=C+1
50 PRINT C;
60 NEXT TIME
70 END
With the CoCo Max disk in the drive,
typeRUH "CONFIG".
Configure CoCo Max to the DMP-
100 at' 600 baud.
Type RUN "COCOMAX".
William J. Tenison, Jr.
Jackson, TN
• While I was working on a program
that used the 64-by-64 graphics mode,
I did the following: P0KE359.57:
P0KE65314,B5. What I got is a seem-
ingly normal screen but with a green
border instead of the usual black and
real lowercase! I tried to poke some
other values in Address 65314 and I
came up with some interesting results:
P0KEG5314,21
P0KEG5314,B5
POKEG5314,G0
POKEG5314,0
PDKE65314,45
P0KEG5314,73
- Real lowercase on
normal screen
Real lowercase with
green border
- Real lowercase on
inverse screen
Usual CoCo screen
Inverse screen
Green border
These pokes do not function on
Co Cos older than Tandy 's latest release.
Before using any of the pokes, you must
first type P0KE359,57. Do you know
what is the cause of this? Also, do you
know a way to get one of these pokes
permanently on my CoCo (i.e., on
power up)?
Richard Bellavance
Rimouski, Quebec
Richard, the reason you are obtain-
ing these results is that you have one of
the new 6847TI VDGs in your CoCo.
The only way 1 know to have these
pokes on power-up is to modify the
ROMs. The VDG is initialized each
time a restart is encountered.
• / have a 26-3J34B. It uses the new
RAM configuration. What is involved
in upgrading it to 64K and Extended
BASIC?
I noticed jumpers labeled 256 K on the
PC board. Is there a new 256 K upgrade
coming? Any information?
Bob Ritterbeck
Akron. OH
Bob, the jumpers you are referring to
are actually for the ROM in your CoCo.
Don't you wish they were for the RAM?
• / am interested in putting BASIC and
compiled machine language programs
into ROM packs. Could you give me
any suggestions on how to go about
doing this?
Will these programs auto-execute
when the computer is turned on, and
when the reset button is pressed like
Radio Shack ROM Packs? What is the
reason for this? Where can I purchase
blank ROM packs?
Darren Dykstra
Sand Lake, MI
Darren, a program is included with
the newer version of the Intronics
EPROM Programmer that will do
exactly what you want. Unfortunately
1 don't know if they sell it separately.
You may write and ask.
• Is there a peek or poke, or some other
simple way to "test" an item to find out
what minimum RAM the program will
run in?
Jeffrey Under
Lake Carmel, NY
You might try using the CLEAR com-
mand to limit the area of memory that
BASIC uses. Entering CLEAR 200 , 1G3B3
will cause BASIC to assume that there is
only 16K of available RAM; if you have
a CoCo with standard color BASIC (not
Extended) you could go a step further
and use CLEAR 200,4095 to tell BASIC
to use only 4K if you wanted to check
a program that is intended to run on 4K
machines. After using the CLEAR state-
ment, load your program and check to
see that it runs properly. (A few pro-
grams written for 32K machines, such
as those that poke their own machine
language routines into high memory,
will ignore the CLEAR statement; if this
happens, the program will run properly
even though it really requires 32K and
won't run on an actual I6K CoCo.)
Your technical questions are welcomed.
Please address them to: Downloads, THE
RAINBOW, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059. We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit for
space and clarity. Due to the large volume
of mail we receive, we are unable to answer
letters individually.
Your technical questions may also be sent
to us through the MAIL section of our new
Delphi CoCo SIG. From the CoCo SIG>
prompt, pick Rainbow Magazine Services,
Then, at the R AINBOW> prompt, type LET
to arrive at the LETTERS> prompt, where
you can select the "Downloads" online form
which has complete instructions.
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 179
How To Read Rainbow
Please note that all the basic program
listings in the rainbow are formatted for
a 32-character screen — so they show
up just as they do on your CoCo screen.
One easy way to check on the accuracy
of your typing is to compare what char-
acter "goes under" what. If the charac-
ters match — and your line endings
come out the same — you have a pretty
good way of knowing that your typing is
accurate.
We also have "key boxes" to show you
the minimum system a program needs.
But, do read the text before you start
typing.
Finally, the little cassette symbol on
the table of contents and at the begin-
ning of articles indicates that the pro-
gram is available through our rainbow
on tape service. An order form for this
service is on the insert card bound in the
magazine.
What's A CoCo?
CoCo is an affectionate name that was
first given to the Tandy Color Computer
by its many fans, users and owners.
However, when we use the term
CoCo, we refer to both the Tandy Color
Computer and the TDP System-100
Computer. It is easier than using both of
the "given" names throughout the rain-
bow.
In most cases, when a specific com-
puter is mentioned, the application is for
that specific computer. However, since
the TDP System-100 and Tandy Color
are, for all purposes, the same computer
in a different case, these terms are
almost always interchangeable.
The Rainbow Check Plus
The small box accompanying a pro-
gram listing in the rainbow is a "check
sum" system, which is designed to help
you type in programs accurately.
Rainbow Check PLUS counts the
number and values of characters you
type in. You can then compare the
number you get to those printed in the
rainbow On longer programs, some
benchmark lines are given. When you
reach the end of one of those lines with
your typing, simply check to see if the
numbers match.
To use Rainbow Check PLUS, type in
the program and CSflVE it for later use,
then type in the command RUN and press
enter. Once the program has run, type
NEW and press enter to remove it from
the area where the program you're typ-
ing in will go.
Now, while keying in a listing from the
rainbow, whenever you press the down-
arrow key, your CoCo gives the check
sum based on the length and content of
the program in memory. This is to check
against the numbers printed in the
rainbow. If your number is different,
check the listing carefully to be sure you
typed in the correct basic program code.
For more details on this helpful utility,
refer to H. Allen Curtis' article on Page
21 of the February 1984 rainbow.
Since Rainbow Check PLUS counts
spaces and punctuation, be sure to type
in the listing exactly the way it's given in
the magazine.
10 CLS:X=25G«PEEK(35)+17B
20 CLEAR 25, X-l
30 X=25G*PEEI< (3SJ+17B
40 TOR Z=X TO X+77
50 RERO Y:W=W+Y:PRINT Z,Y;U
G0 POKE 2, Y: NEXT
70 IFW=?9B5THEN80ELSEPRINT
'■DRTRERRDR":STDP
80 EXEC X:END
90 DATA 1B2, 1, 10G, 1G7, 140, G0, 134
100 DATA 12G, 1B3, 1, 10G, 190. 1, 107
110 DRTR 175, 140, 50, 4B, 140, 4, 191
120 DRTR 1, 107, 57, 129, 10, 38, 38
130 DRTR 52, 22. 79, 158, 25. 230, 129
140 DRTR 39, 12, 171, 12B. 171, 12B
150 DRTR 230, 132, 3B. 250, 48, 1, 32
1G0 DRTR 240, 183, 2. 222, 48, 140, 14
170 DRTR 159, 1GG, 1GG, 132, 2B, 254
180 DRTR 1B9, 173. 19B, 53. 22, 126.
190 DRTR 0, 135, 255, 134, 40, 55
200 DRTR 51, 52. 41,
Using Machine Language
Machine language programs are one
of the features of the rainbow. There are
a number of ways to "get" these pro-
grams into memory so you can operate
them.
The easiest way is by using an editor/
assembler, a program you can purchase
from a number of sources.
An editor/assembler allows you to
enter mnemonics into the CoCo and
then have the editor/assembler assem-
ble them into specific instructions that
are understood by the 6809 chip, which
controls your computer.
When using an editor/assembler, all
you have to do, essentially, is copy the
relevant instructions from the rainbow's
listing into CoCo.
Another method of getting an assem-
bly language listing into CoCo is called
"hand assembly." As the name implies,
you do the assembly by hand. This can
sometimes cause problems when you
have to set up an ORIGIN statement or
an EQUATE. In short, you have to know
something about assembly to hand-
assemble some programs.
Use the following program if you wish
to hand-assemble machine language
listings:
10 CLEAR200,&H3F00:I=&H3FB0
20 PR I NT "ADDRESS : " ; HEXS ( I ) ;
30 INPUT "BYTE";BS
40 POKE I,VAL("4H~+BJ)
50 I = I + 1:GOTO20
This program assumes you havea16K
CoCo. If you have 32K, change the
&H3F00 in Line 10 to &.H7F00 and change
the value of I to &H7F80.
The Rainbow Seal
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
The Rainbow Certification Seal is our
way of helping you, the consumer. The
purpose of the Seal is to certify to you
that any product that carries the Seal
has been physically seen by us, that it
does, indeed, exist and that we have a
sample copy here at the rainbow.
Manufacturers of products — hard-
ware, software and firmware — are
encouraged by us to submit their pro-
ducts to the rainbow for certification.
We ascertain that their products are, in
actuality, what they purport to be and,
upon such determination, award a Seal.
The Seal, however, is not a "guarantee
of satisfaction." The certification pro-
cess is different from the review process.
You are encouraged to read our reviews
to determine whether the product is
right for your needs.
There is absolutely no relationship
between advertising in the rainbow and
the certification process. Certification is
open and available to any product per-
taining to CoCo. A Seal will be awarded
to any commercial product, regardless
of whether the firm advertises or not.
We will appreciate knowing of in-
stances of violation of Seal use.
180
THE RAINBOW January 1987
BARDENS BUFFER
More on PSET, PRESET
and Graphics Speed
By William Barden, Jr.
Rainbow Contributing Editor
What do weather radar pictures on local TV news
programs and the Color Computer have in com-
mon? More than you might think. In the last
column I was nonplussed because I had coded an assembly
language subroutine for setting and resetting points on a 256-
by-192 graphics screen, only to find it was slower than the
Microsoft BASIC PSET and PRESET! In this column I will be
vindicated, to a certain extent, when I show you a Line
subroutine. The whole purpose of this exercise, by the way,
is to show you what's involved in CoCo graphics. The
assembly language for graphics is not that easy, but once you
have a few base subroutines, such as a Set Point and Draw
Line, you can build upward. And we'll answer that question
about TV weather radar.
PSET Revisited
In case you missed last month's column, the assembly
language PSET code is shown in Listing I. Input to PSET is
an X,Y point for a high resolution screen, stored in YX in
reverse order. As there are 32 bytes per row in this resolution,
each byte specifying eight pixels, dividing YX by 8 gives the
displacement to the row. Adding $E00 (for a disk system)
points to the actual byte for the point. A point at X,Y =
100,50, for example, has a Y,X value of 50 * 256 + 100 or
12,900. Dividing 1 2,900 by 8 gives 1,612 for the displacement
from the start of the graphics page (any remainder from the
division is thrown away). A decimal value of 1612 is Hex
S64C. Adding SE00 to S64C gives S144C, the actual byte
location containing the bit for the pixel 100,50.
The byte location actually contains on/ off status for eight
pixels. To locate the proper bit, the least significant three bits
of X are examined and used to index into a mask table of
Bill Barden has written 27 books and over 100 magazine
articles on various computer topics. His 20 years experience
in the industry covers a wide background: programming,
systems analyzing and managing projects ranging from
mainframes to microcomputers.
eight values. These three bits represent values of through
7; the mask table entries of through 7 contain the proper
bit setting, such that the mask table value can be ORed with
the pixel byte to set the proper pixel. Using the point at X,Y
= 100,50 as an example, the X value in binary is 001 10010.
ANDing this X value with 000001 1 1 (7) results in:
AND
00110010 X = 50
00000111 To mask out three lower bits
00000010 Result = 0000010 = 2
When this index value is added to the address of MSKTAB,
the mask value at MSKTAB + 2 is read. This value, $20, is
used to set Bit 5 of the byte location, regardless of the state
of Bit 5 previously (set or reset).
OR
XXXXXXXX Contents of byte location
00100000 MSKTAB value, to set bit
XX1XXXXX Bit 5 set; others unchanged
The same process can be done for PRESET, except that an
AND of an inverted mask retains all bits except for the one
to be reset.
PND
XXXXXXXX Contents of byte location
11011111 PRESET MSKTAB value, to set bit
XX0XXXXX Bit 5 reset; others unchanged
Although this code is efficient and fast, I found to my
chagrin that it is not as fast as the Microsoft BASIC PSET.
Although my PSET code is more efficient, the calling sequence
to pass the X,Y parameters to the assembly language
subroutine from BASIC is time-consuming.
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 181
A Line Subroutine
An assembly language subroutine to draw a line on the
screen can utilize the PSET and PRESET subroutines. But how
do we go about drawing a line on the screen? Let's consider
some methods that could be used.
If we keep the same way of specifying lines as basic, we'll
have a starting point called X1,Y1 and an ending point called
X2,Y2, as shown in Figure 1. (We don't have to use this
convention. We could specify a starting point, an angle and
a line length, for example. We'll stick to the start and end
point standard here, however.)
Figure 1: Line Start and End Points
X 2 ,Y 2
S X 2 ,Y 2
S ^*\^ X,,Y,
X,,Y, X,,Y, ^ *
* *
\X 2 ,Y 2
*=Starting point
We could use trigonometry in plotting the points. The
tangent of an angle is the ratio of the opposite side's length
over the length of the adjacent side. Advancing one X pixel
at a time, we could multiply the tan value by the new X
displacement to find the corresponding Y displacement, as
shown in Figure 2. But that's awfully messy, for a very good
reason. It uses division to get the tan value in the first place
and multiplication to get every consecutive point.
Figure 2: Plotting Points by Trigonometry
Tan = a Y = 80 = .5
A X = 160
X„Y, =
40,120 4
X 2 ,Y 2 =
220,40
aY=120-40=
80
Y Displacement = 10"Tan = 10".5=5 Pixels
X Displacement = 10 Pixels
Another approach that could be used is to compute the
tan value and use it as an index into a table of increment
values, as shown in Figure 3. The table would give the amount
that the Y value would be incremented for every step in the
X direction.
Take an angle of 30 degrees, for example. Every step of
one pixel in X causes a step of .577 in the Y direction. Keeping
a running total of the accumulated Y value would define the
Y pixel to be set. Again, though, this calls for fractional
Figure 3: Increment Values Stored In a Table
30° Angle
Deg
rees
Value
1
2
3
4
5
0*
30
31
44
45
0.017
ft*
J
Tangent
• Values
1-45°
0.035
0.052
0.069
0.577
0.601
0\
1.000
arithmetic which is achieved by floating-point operations, or,
at the very least, "scaling."
We're on the right track, however. The ratio of Y to X can
be used not to access a table of values, but directly. This is
the scheme that Microsoft uses in its implementation of LINE.
It's shown in the BASIC program of Listing 2. The algorithm
is a variation of one called Bresenham's Line Algorithm,
which you can find in books on computer graphics, such as
Computer Graphics by Schaum's Outline Series. (One that
I can heartily recommend — it's probably clearer than most.)
The BASIC code is an emulation of the assembly language
code for LINE in Extended Color BASIC at $9401 through
$9502.
Microsoft's LINE Algorithm
The BASIC code is entered with X 1 , Y 1 defining the starting
point, and X2, Y2 defining the ending point. Variables X and
Y are set equal to XI and Yl, the starting point. X and Y
hold the coordinate of the current screen point.
First, a check is made of X2 and XI. If X2 is greater than
or equal to XI, then the increment from XI to X2 will be
positive; otherwise, it is negative. Variable MA (M AJORACT)
is set to 1 or 3, respectively, to record this relationship.
Next, the same check is made of Y2 and YI, with variable
182
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Nfl (M INOR ACT) being set to 2 if Y2 is greater than or equal
to Yl or to 4 otherwise.
Next, variables ND (MAJORDELT) and ND (MINOR-
DELT) are set to the absolute value of the actual distance
in pixels from start to end, as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4: Computing VID and ND
X 2 .Yj=40,30
X,,Y, =220.180
This distance =aX=
ABS(220-40) = 180=MD
This distance ■
A Y=ABS(30-180) = ABS(-150) = 150=ND
If MD (MAJORDELT) is greater than or equal to ND
(MINORDELT), one point at a time along the X axis will
be incremented. If ND (MINORDELT) is greater, one point
at a time along the Y axis will be incremented. In the latter
case, Nfl (MINORACT) is swapped with MA (MAJORACT)
and MD (MAJORDELT) is swapped with ND (MINOR-
DELT) so that the "major" action and deltas represent the
governing increment, up/ down or left/ right. The "minor"
action involves a fraction of a pixel increment.
Next MC (MAJORCNT) is set to MD (MAJORDELT). MC
(MAJORCNT) holds the longest increment/decrement path.
One PSET will occur for every pixel in this path.
NC (MINORCNT) is next set to half of MD (MAJOR-
DELT). NC (MINORCNT) is incremented by ND (MINOR-
DELT) for each PSET. This is a form of scaling where the
minor increment represents a fractional increment. When the
increment is greater than MD (MAJORDELT), then the
current minor coordinate will be incremented or decremented
by one. For a nearly flat horizontal line, many increments
will be made of NC (MINORCNT) before Y changes. For lines
closer to 45 degrees, Y will be changed almost as often as
X. For vertical lines, the same action is taken, but on X
instead of Y. The minor increment action is really a way to
step along the shorter side.
The main loop starts at Line 1000. If the MC (MAJORCNT)
represents X, one increment or decrement in the X direction
is done for each count in MC (MAJORCNT). For each step,
PSET writes the current point. The Y NC (MINORCNT) is
then adjusted by adding ND (MINORDELT). If ND (MINOR-
DELT) is greater than MD (MAJORDELT), Y is incremented
or decremented in preparation for the next PSET. If the MC
(MAJORCNT) represents Y, the same actions are taken but
for Y and X. The four short subroutines at the end of the
code represent the increment/ decrement actions to be taken
for incrementing or decrementing X and Y.
Confused? Admittedly, the algorithm is a little confusing.
However, if you step through the BASIC code, it's fairly easy
to see what is happening. The algorithm is efficient because
each point along the line is written only once. In addition,
there is no complicated math — just simple additions,
comparisons and subtractions.
A typical call to the subroutine is shown in Listing 2 before
the code for LINE.
The Weather Radar Puzzle Explained
The idea of writing each point only once is significant. Ten
years ago, 1 worked at a company that developed color
digitizers for weather radars. The idea was to take a News
At 5 black-and-white weather radar display and convert it
to color. The engineer in charge had spent a great deal of time
developing a hardware algorithm to simulate a radar sweep
line. (To show how design efforts can be thwarted: The sweep
line was "designed out" with a great deal of effort and expense
in the converter electronics. However, television stations
reported that viewers didn't believe the sweepless picture was
really a legitimate radar scan, without the sweep line! The
decision was made to put the sweep line back in.)
The engineer's algorithm was based upon incrementing X
and Y an amount such that every pixel along the line of the
sweep would be filled, but there would be no "gaps." He was
also anxious to avoid many overwrites of pixels more than
once. Unfortunately, he didn't use the Microsoft algorithm,
and the resulting display, although fast enough, was
inefficient, with many overwrites. But you know these
hardware guys — at nanoseconds instead of milliseconds,
they can afford to be sloppy.
In any event, the algorithm is one of the best in efficiency.
All that's left is to speed it up by our own assembly language
code.
Assembly Language Code for LINE
The assembly language code that performs the same
algorithm as the BASIC program is shown in Listing 3. It
follows the same steps as the BASIC code in about the same
order. It is similar, but not identical, to the Microsoft code
in ROM that draws lines.
In the main loop of the code, the X and Y registers have
been set up to contain the proper subroutine address for
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January1987 THE RAINBOW 183
incrementing or decrementing X and Y. These subroutines
areLIN101, LIN102, LIN103 and LIN104. The D register (A
and B combined) contains the minor count, adjusted by
adding the minor delta each time through the loop. The major
count in MC is decremented at the end of the loop to control
the number of PSETs.
An additional function has been added in this code,
however. Variable FUNIC controls either a PSET or PRESET -
a is PRESET while a 1 is a PSET. The code for PSET and
PRESET follow the LINE subroutine. It is the same as that
presented in the last column, with the exception of saving and
restoring the CPU registers with a stack. Separate subrou-
tines for PSET and PRESET speed up the overall execution
for setting or resetting points, as no test for the function needs
to be made.
Testing the Code
After all this work, it might be nice to have a Line
subroutine that actually runs faster than the LINE function
in Microsoft BASIC. The code here is faster. If used with other
graphics assembly language code, it will be several times
faster than calling LINE in BASIC. Even when called from
BASIC, though, it is about twice as fast as LINE.
Listing 4 shows a BASIC program that illustrates the speed
differences between LINE in BASIC and the code. In memory
of that hardware engineer, this BASIC code simulates a radar
scan in high-resolution graphics. A sweep line scans clockwise
around the screen. The BASIC code to do this draws a line
from the screen center to the screen edge and then erases it.
There are four parts to the code, for each side of the screen.
The point at the screen center is constant, regardless of the
direction of the line. We've chosen 128, 96 as the screen center.
The rightmost side is written by drawing a line from the
center to a point at X=255 and a varying Y, from (top-right
corner) to 191 (bottom-right corner). Immediately after the
line is drawn, it is erased by a PRESET. The other three sides
use the same scheme — one coordinate for the side is held
constant while the second varies. The sweeps of the four sides
repeat continuously. One complete sweep around the screen
takes about 82 seconds.
Listing 5 shows BASIC code that calls the assembly language
LINE code. First, the assembly language object module is
loaded from disk after memory from &H3F00 has been
protected by a CLEAR. Next, the locations of XI, Yl, X2, Y2
and FUNC in the assembly language LINE subroutine are
defined. This just makes it a little less work to pass
parameters, using short names instead of hexadecimal
addresses.
There are five parameters to be passed: the starting X and
Y (XI, Yl), the ending X, Y (X2, Y2) and the functions (0 for
reset and 1 for set by FUNC). These parameters are located
in the middle of the assembly language Line subroutine —
no great disadvantage once XI, Yl, X2, Y2 and FUNC have
been defined.
The subroutine is called with the usual calling sequence.
A DEF USR0 defines the starting address of &HF000, and a
call is made by Fl=SR0(0) with a dummy argument.
All five parameters need not be defined for each call of the
subroutine. The five parameters are not changed by the
subroutine so they do not need to be reinitialized if they have
not been changed by the BASIC code.
There's a little more work involved here in setting up the
parameters, but even with the overhead, a complete sweep
takes only 54 seconds.
Using the Assembly Language LINE
You can use PSET, PRESET and LINE to do your own
assembly language graphics and get a significant speed
increase. You are sacrificing generality, however, as the
assembly language code is designed for only high resolution
two-color graphics. It's easy to see how a box function could
be added to the code — four separate calls could be made
for the four sides of the box. Even a filled-in box is not
difficult — just draw a succession of lines from top to bottom.
BASIC graphics functions such as CIRCLE are another
problem, but not impossible. A Microsoft circle is done by
drawing a 64-sided polygon; again the assembly language
LINE code could be used, although Microsoft uses a different
approach of a sin/ cosine table.
All higher-level graphics functions are built upon these
"primitive" graphics operations of PSET, PRESET, LINE and
a few others. If these basic functions are efficient, it will help
in making higher-level operations fast as well.
CoCo 3 Report
After many phone calls checking on the availability of
CoCo 3s, I was getting a little anxious. One evening I walked
into my local Radio Shack, however, and glanced toward the
CoCo display. This CoCo had more keys! Sure enough, it
turned out to be a 3, the only one in the store and that day's
new arrival. I immediately bought it. But I was worried.
Would the CoCo 3 go? Would CoCo 2 users lust after it, as
I had?
I found the answer at the RAINBOWfest in Princeton,
N.J., on October 17-19. I was there giving a seminar on
computer languages. While there. I was astounded at the
number of Color Computer 3s that were being sold — every
person walking out the door seemed to have a CoCo 3 box
under his arm. Admittedly, the 3s were discounted, but it was
apparent to me and everyone else that the CoCo 3 is going
to be a hacker's dream and another Color Computer success.
Although 1 haven't spent a great deal of time on the CoCo
3, I can report that the disk EDTASM runs just fine, except
for the minor inconvenience of having to restart after coming
back to basic from the assembler.
I love my 3 and I hope you do, too. There's a lot of material
that can be covered in this column about assembly language
on the CoCo 3. The old high resolution mode of 256 by 192
in two colors pales by comparison to the 640-by-192 four-
color modes. The additional memory of up to 5I2K leaves
plenty of room for high-speed graphics and other applica-
tions. And even assembly language can benefit by the higher
clock speed.
In future columns we'll be looking at these applications on
the CoCo 3 and also looking in detail at assembly language
under OS-9. The OS-9 assembler is a different animal from
EDTASM, but the basic instruction set is the same — it's
just the way OS-9 approaches things that makes it slightly
more difficult. Please let me know your feelings about what
topics you'd like to see covered in the column and the mix
of CoCo 3/ OS-9 and CoCo 2 topics. Till I hear from you,
keep assembling! □
Listing 1:
ORG
$3FJW
PSET LDD
VX
get y to A, X to B
LSRA
divide by 8 to get row displacement
RORB
LSRA
RORB
LSRA
184
THE RAINBOW January 1987
RORB
ADDD
#SE00
point to actual byta
TFR
D,Y
save in Y
LDB
YX+1
X value to B
A11DB
#7
get $ - 7 value for bit position
LDX
»MSKTAE
address of mask table
LDA
,v
get byte
ORA
B,X
set bit
STA
,y
restore byte
RTS
return
MSKTAB FCB
sap
FCB
S4J5
FCB
$23
FCB
?1J5
FCB
$08
FCB
504
FCB
502
FCB
$JJ1
XX RMB
2
Y, X in reverse order
END
Listing 2: LINEBAS
100 'BASIC DRAW LINE SUBROUTINE
110 SCREEN 1,0
12/3 PMODE 4,1
130 PCLS
140 XI = 0: Yl = 100: X2 = 255:
Y2 = 95
150 GOSUB 170
160 GOTO 160
170 'DRAW A LINE SUBROUTINE FROM
XI, Yl TO X2,Y2
180 X = XI: Y = Yl
190 IF X2 - XI >= THEN MA = 1
ELSE MA = 3
200 IF Y2 - Yl >= THEN NA = 2
ELSE NA = 4
210 MD = ABS( X2 - XI )
220 ND = ABS( Y2 - Yl )
230 IF MD < ND THEN T = MA: MA =
NA: NA - T: T = MD: MD = ND: ND
= T
240 MC = MD
250 NC = MD/2
260 IF ( MD AND 1 ) = 1 AND (MA
>= 3 ) THEN NC = NC - 1
270 'DRAW A LINE CORE CODE
280 FOR I = MC TO STEP -1
290 PSET (X,Y)
300 ON MA GOSUB 360, 390, 420, 4
50
310 NC = NC + ND
3 20 IF NC - MD > THEN NC = NC
- MD: BUMP = 1 ELSE BUMP =
3 30 IF BUMP = 1 THEN ON NA GOSUB
360, 390, 420, 450
340 NEXT I
3 50 RETURN
3 60 'INCREMENT X
370 X = X + 1
380 RETURN
3 90 'INCREMENT Y
400 Y = Y + 1
410 RETURN
420 'DECREMENT X
430 X = X - 1
440 RETURN
4 50 'DECREMENT Y
4 60 Y = Y - 1
470 RETURN
Listing 3: LI NEB IN
00100
**********************************************
00110
* LINE
SUBROUTINE. DUPLICATES MS BASIC 'LINE'*
00120
* INPUT
: (XI,
Y1)=STARTING POINT IN 256X192 *
00130
*
(X2,
Y2 =ENDING POINT IN 25 6X19 2 *
00140
*
(FUNC)=0 IF PRESET, 1 IF PSET *
00150
* OUTPUT: LINE DRAWN ON
SCREEN *
00160
**********************************************
00170
3F00
00180
ORG
$3F00
3F00
FC
3F8C
00190
LINE
LDD
Yl
INITIALIZE X,Y BEGINNING
3F03
FD
3F91
00200
STD
YY
XI — > X; Yl — > Y
3F06
8E
3F7C
00210
LDX
#LIN101
IF DELTA X > DELTA Y
3F09
B6
3F8E
00220
LDA
X2
GET END POINT FOR X
3F0C
B0
3F8D
00230
SUBA
XI
X2 - XI = DELTA X
3F0F
24
04
00240
BHS
LIN010
GO IF DELTA X POSITIVE
3F11
40
00250
NEGA
TAKE ABSOLUTE VALUE
3F12
8E
3F84
00260
LDX
#LIN103
X DECREMENTS DOWN
3F15
B7
3F94
00270
LIN010
STA
MD+1
DELTA X=0 TO 255
3F18
7F
3F93
00280
CLR
MD
MAKE DOUBLE BYTE
3F1B
108E
3F80
00290
LDY
#LIN102
IF DELTA Y > DELTA X
3F1F
B6
3F8F
00300
LDA
Y2
GET END POINT FOR Y
3F22
B0
3F8C
00310
SUBA
Yl
Y2-Y1 = DELTA Y
3F25
24
05
00320
BHS
LIN020
GO IF DELTA Y NEGATIVE
3F27
4.0
00330
NEGA
TAKE ABSOLUTE VALUE
3F28
108E
3F88
00340
LDY
#LIN104
Y DECREMENTS DOWN
3F2C
B7
3F96
00350
LIN020
STA
ND+1
DELTA Y=0 TO 191
3F2F
7F
3F95
00360
CLR
ND
MAKE DOUBLE BYTE
3F32
FC
3F93
00370
LDD
MD
GET DELTA X
3F35
10B3
3F95
00380
CMPD
ND
LARGER THAN DELTA Y?
3F39
24
0B
00390
BHS
LIN025
GO IF YES
3F3B
IE
12
00400
EXG
X,Y
SWAP ACTION FUNCTIONS
January 1987
THE RAINBOW
185
3F3D
FE
3F95
00410
LDU
ND
SWAP DELTAS-MAJOR
3F40
FD
3F95
00420
STD
ND
INCREMENT IS LARGEST
3F43
FF
3F93
00430
STU
MD
DELTA
3F46
FC
3F93
00440
LIN025
LDD
MD
GET MAJOR DELTA
3F49
F7
3F97
00450
STB
MC
STORE IN MAJOR COUNT
3F4C
54
00460
LSRB
MAJOR DELTA/ 2
3F4D
B6
3F94
00470
LDA
MD+1
GET MAJOR DELTA
3F50
84
J31
00480
ANDA
#1
TEST FOR ODD# POINTS
3F52
27
06
00490
BEQ
LIN028
GO IF EVEN
3F54
8C
3F84
00500
CMPX
#LIN103
ODD DECREMENT=SPECIAL
3F57
25
01
00510
BLO
LIN02 8
GO IF INCREMENT
3F59
5A
00520
DECB
ADJUST COUNT BY ONE
3F5A
4F
00530
LIN028
CLRA
D=MINOR COUNT
00540
* MAIN
LOOP HERE - EXECUTED MAJOR DELTA TIMES
3F5B
7D
3F90
00550
LIN030
TST
FUNC
TEST PRESET OR PSET
3F5E
26
04
00560
BNE
LIN03 5
GO IF PSET
3F60
8D
5F
00570
BSR
PRESET
PRESET CALL
3F62
20
02
00580
BRA
LIN03 6
CONTINUE
3F64
8D
32
00590
LIN035
BSR
PSET
PSET CALL
3F66
AD
84
00600
LIN03 6
JSR
,x
BUMP MAJOR POINT
3F68
F3
3F95
00610
ADDD
ND
ADD MINOR DELTA TO COUNT
3F6B
10B3
3F93
00620
CMPD
MD
TIME TO BUMP MINOR?
3F6F
25
05
00630
BLO
LIN050
GO IF NO
3F71
B3
3F93
00640
SUBD
MD
GET NEW COUNT
3F74
AD
A4
00650
JSR
,*
BUMP (OR DECR) MINOR
3F76
7A
3F97
00660
LIN050
DEC
MC
DECREMENT MAJOR COUNT
3F79
26
E0
00670
BNE
LIN030
REPEAT IF NOT DONE
3F7B
39
00680
00690
RTS
RETURN FROM LINE SUBR
3F7C
7C
3F92
00700
LIN101
INC
XX
FOR X2 > XI CASE
3F7F
39
00710
00720
RTS
3F80
7C
3F91
00730
LIN102
INC
YY
FOR Y2 > Yl CASE
3F83
39
00740
00750
RTS
3F84
7A
3F92
00760
LIN103
DEC
XX
FOR X2 > XI CASE
3F87
39
00770
00780
RTS
3F88
7A
3F91
00790
LIN104
DEC
YY
FOR Y2 < Yl CASE
3F8B
39
00800
00810
RTS
00820
* WORKING STORAGE AREA
3F8C
00830
Yl
RMB
1
STARTING POINT (INPUT)
3F8D
00840
XI
RMB
1
3F8E
00850
X2
RMB
1
ENDING POINT (INPUT)
3F8F
00860
Y2
RMB
1
3F90
00870
FUNC
RMB
1
0=PRESET, 1=PSET (INPUT)
3F91
00880
YY
RMB
1
FOR PSET OR PRESET CALL
3F92
00890
XX
RMB
1
3F93
00900
MD
RMB
2
MAJOR DELTA, X OR Y
3F95
00910
ND
RMB
2
MINOR DELTA, X OR Y
3F97
00920
00930
MC
RMB
1
MAJOR COUNT = # MAJOR PNTS
00940
* PSET
SUBROUTINE
3F98
34
36
00950
PSET
PSHS
D,X,Y
SAVE REGS
3F9A
FC
3F91
00960
LDD
YY
Y TO A, X TO B
3F9D
44
00970
LSRA
/8 TO GET ROW DISP
3F9E
56
00980
RORB
3F9F
44
00990
LSRA
3FA0
56
01000
RORB
3FA1
44
01010
LSRA
3FA2
56
01020
RORB
3FA3
C3
0E00
01030
ADDD
#$E00
POINT TO ACTUAL BYTE
3FA6
IF
02
01040
TFR
D,Y
SAVE IN Y
3FA8
F6
3F92
01050
LDB
YY+1
X VALUE TO B
3 FAB
C4
07
01060
ANDB
#7
GET 0-7 VALUE FOR BIT POS
3 FAD
8E
3FB9
01070
LDX
#MSKTAB
ADDRESS OF MASK TABLE
3FB0
A6
A4
01080
LDA
,X
GET BYTE
3FB2
AA
85
01090
ORA
B,X
SET BIT
3FB4
A7
A4
01100
STA
,Y
RESTORE BYTE
3FB6
35
36
01110
PULS
D,X,Y
RESTORE REGS
3FB8
39
01120
RTS
RETURN
01130
* MASK
TABLE
FOR PSET
186
THEHAINBOW January 1987
3FB9
80
01140
MSKTAB
FCB
$80
3FBA
40
01150
FCB
$40
3FBB
20
01160
FCB
$20
3FBC
10
01170
FCB
$10
3FBD
08
01180
FCB
$08
3FBE
04
01190
FCB
$04
3FBF
02
01200
FCB
$02
3FC0
01
01210
FCB
$01
01220
* PRESET SUBROUTINE
3FC1 34
36
01230
PRESET
PSHS
D,X,Y
SAVE REGS
3FC3 FC
3F91
01240
LDD
YY
Y TO A, X TO B
3FC6 44
01250
•
LSRA
/8 TO GET ROW DISP
3FC7 56
01260
RORB
3FC8 44
01270
LSRA
3FC9 56
01280
RORB
3FCA 44
01290
LSRA
3FCB 56
01300
RORB
3FCC C3
0E00
01310
ADDD
#$E00
POINT TO ACTUAL BYTE
3FCF IF
02
01320
TFR
D,Y
SAVE IN Y
3FD1 F6
3F92
01330
LDB
YY+1
X VALUE TO B
3FD4 C4
07
01340
ANDB
#7
GET 0-7 VALUE FOR BIT POS
3FD6 8E
3FE2
01350
LDX
#MSKTA1
ADDRESS OF MASK TABLE
3FD9 A6
A4
01360
LDA
,y
GET BYTE
3FDB A4
85
01370
ANDA
B,X
SET BIT
3 FDD A7
A4
01380
STA
,Y
RESTORE BYTE
3FDF 35
36
01390
PULS
D,X,Y
RESTORE REGS
3FE1 39
01400
RTS
RETURN
01410
* MASK
TABLE
FOR PRESET
3FE2
7F
01420
MSKTA1
FCB
$7F
3FE3
BF
01430
FCB
$BF
3FE4
DF
01440
FCB
$DF
3FE5
EF
01450
FCB
$EF
3FE6
F7
01460
FCB
$F7
3FE7
FB
01470
FCB
$FB
3FE8
FD
01480
FCB
$FD
3FE9
FE
0000
01490
01500
FCB
END
$FE
00000 TOTAL ERRORS
Listing 4: RhDhRBhS
100
'RADAR SCAN PROGRAM
IN BASIC
110
CLEAR 100,&H3EFF
120
LOADM "LINE"
130
SCREEN 1,0
140
PMODE 4
150
PCLS
160
FOR Y=0 TO 191: LINE (128,10
0)-
255,Y),PSET: LINE (128,100)-
(255 ; Y) , PRESET: NEXT Y
170
FOR X=255 TO STEP
-l:LINE
(128,100)-(X ; 191) ,PSET:
LINE (12
8, 100) -(X, 191) , PRESET: NEXT X
180
FOR Y=191 TO STEP
-1: LINE
(128,100)-(0,Y) ,PSET: LINE(128,
100)
-(0,Y) , PRESET: NEXT
Y
190
FOR X=0 TO 255: LINE (128,10
0)-
(X,0),PSET: LINE(128
100)-(X,
0) , PRESET: NEXT X
200
GOTO 160
Listing 5: RflDflRBIN
100 ■ RADAR SCAN PROGRAM USING A
SSEMBLY LANGUAGE PSET
110 CLEAR 100,&H3EFF
120 LOADM "LINE"
130 SCREEN 1,0
140 PMODE 4
150 PCLS
160 X1=&H3F8D: X2=&H3F8E: Y1=&H3
F8C: Y2=&H3F8F: FUNC=&H3F90
170 DEFUSR=&H3F00
180 POKE XI, 12 8: POKE Yl, 100
190 POKE X2, 255: FOR Y=0 TO 191: P
OKE FUNC,l:POKE Y2 , Y: A=USR0 (0) : P
OKE FUNC,0:A=USR0(0) : NEXT Y
200 POKE Y2, 191: FOR X=255 TO S
TEP -l:POKE FUNC,l:POKE X2,X:A=U
SR0(0) :POKE FUNC,0:A=USR0(0) :NEX
T X
210 POKE X2,0:FOR Y=191 TO STE
P -l:POKE FUNC,l:POKE Y2,Y:A=USR
0(0):POKE FUNC,0:A=USR0(0) :NEXT
Y
220 POKE Y2,0:FOR X=0 TO 255:POK
E FUNC,l:POKE X2 ,X: A=USR0 (0) : POK
E FUNC,0:A=USR0(0) : NEXT X
2 30 GOTO 190
/R\
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 187
BITS AND BYTES OF BASIC
The First Days With CoCo 3:
Experimentation and
Discovery
By Richard A. White
Rainbow Contributing Editor
The old gray box was quiet as its
plugs and multipack interface
were pulled. Certainly, this had
happened many times before in prepa-
ration for trips to users group meetings
or the vacation cottage in Michigan. If
it suspected that its successor had
arrived, it did not let on.
And it had plenty of reason to doubt.
In its nearly six years of existence, it had
seen reams of words about other com-
puters pour through its keyboard. The
actual presence of a Model 100 had
failed to change the old gray box's
preeminent position. The Tandy 1000
was talked about, but never appeared
on site, and dreaming about a "new
CoCo" had been going on for over two
years.
But, recently, a message appeared.
You've seen them, the "while you were
out" type, short and to the point:
Date: 10/ 10 Hour: 3:45
Name: Don Eaker
Telephoned: have good news
Richard White lives in Fairfield, Ohio,
has a long background with microcom-
puters and specializes in BASIC pro-
gramming. With Don Dollberg, he is
the coauthor of the TIMS database
management program.
Don runs the Fairfield, Ohio, Tandy
Computer Center and has a reputation
for making things happen. His is the
only Radio Shack facility in the south-
ern Ohio area whose listing in the
telephone book is in boldface type. Less
than an hour later, CoCo 3, Serial
Number 1001394, left its last Tandy
home to go on active duty.
With the old gray box on the side-
lines, it was simple enough to plug 1394
in its place and fire it up. It was feeding
an amber monochrome monitor, since
the analog RGB monitor had not yet
showed up. Marty Goodman had al-
ready alerted us to the inadequacies of
a monochrome monitor handling a
color composite video signal, and the
32-character screen display was cer-
tainly less than good. No surprise here,
so let's move on to the 40-character
screen by typing WIDTH 40. The screen
cleared to one color and what looked
like the OK appeared in the upper left-
hand corner.
The was partly lost off the left edge
of the screen. Adjusting the width knob
on the back of the monitor brought the
entire character onto the screen. There
was still the black grid in the back-
ground that Marty had described a few
issues ago.
Typing WIDTH 80 produced the 80-
character screen, which was also laced
with background lines. Now came the
discovery that makes computers so
much fun. When I typed CLS5, the
background cleared to a uniform shade
and the characters were clearly reada-
ble.
With the legibility problem solved, it
was time to move on to finding out what
characters were available. Actually, all
the characters and their codes are in the
manual that comes with the machine.
But there is a saying, "When all else fails
read the manual." All else had not
failed. A one-liner did the job and gave
me a tool to probe speed in printing to
the screen and observe screen scrolling:
10 FOR X=32 TO 255 :PRINT CHR$
(X); :NEXT :PRINT :GOTO10
This puts each printable character to
the screen, then does a line feed and
starts over again. The primary addition
is a set of foreign and special characters
that are not available from the key-
board. The old CoCo, colored block
graphics are not available in the 40- and
80-character text screens.
The users group meeting the next day
provided a chance for picky people to
pass judgment on the characters and
screen scrolling. A number were long-
188
THE RAINBOW January 1987
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time Wordpack users. The consensus
was that this was a good character set
and that the scrolling was also good.
And this came from one user who has
complained long and loud about the
jumpy scrolling of an IBM PC.
In the early days of the CoCo, much
was made of the "high-speed pokes."
POKE 65495,0 doubles the micropro-
cessor clock speed whenever it accesses
the upper 32K where the BASIC ROMs
are located. POKE 65497,0 doubles the
clock speed without qualification. Only
the earliest models have trouble with the
POKE 65495,0. The old gray box will
tolerate it only if there is no disk ROM
pack installed.
Since CoCo 3 supports the 1.8-MHz
clock, only the POKE 65497,0 is used.
Certain functions, including musical
tone generation, the cassette port and
serial port are clock-rate dependent and
the POKE 65496,0 is used to return the
machine to the slower clock to achieve
proper timing. Some people have been
able to use the serial port at the higher
clock rate. To date I have not heard of
successful cassette operations at a high
clock rate. You can easily see the effect
of the high speed clock by running the
screen scrolling program previously
mentioned to get a feel for screen
writing and scrolling at low speed. Then
POKE 65497,0 and run the program
again. It really speeds things up. I
suspect that most CoCo 3 software will
be designed to use the high clock rate.
The next thing to do was to turn
everything off and pluginthemultipack
interface that held the disk drive con-
troller. I booted back up and issued a
DIP. command. I got back an SN Error.
BASIC had not recognized the drive
controller. Eventually, I dispensed with
the interface and then could boot into
Disk Extended BASIC Version 2.0 or 2. 1 .
I have controllers with both versions 1 .0
and 1.1 available. The CoCo 3 converts
these to versions 2.0 and 2.1. However,
when I tried to access the disk, an I/O
Error resulted. Finally, it dawned on me
that these were older controllers that
require 12 volts, which is not supplied
by either CoCo 2 or CoCo 3. Even
worse, these controllers almost worked.
They work well enough to trash any
disk you try them on. So beware!
The solution to this problem is to use
the older controllers in a multipack
interface. But, if CoCo 3 does not see
the Disk BASIC when it is in a multipack
interface, we are back to square one.
The problem is in the interface, and
Radio Shack has said the PAL chip
would need to be replaced. (See Marty
Goodman's article on Page 98 of this
issue.) However, we had assumed that
interfaces would work with 128K. ma-
chines and that the upgrade was needed
to operate with 512K. We now know
that the upgrade is needed for an inter-
face to be operable at all. A disk con-
troller with a Radio Shack DOS ROM
that works in a CoCo 2 works in the
CoCo 3.
One result of these doings is that the
old gray box is back in its accustomed
place performing its usual duties, while
1394 is on another table making pretty
pictures. This arrangement works better
for doing this column, since I can
experiment on the CoCo 3 and then
immediately move over to write about
what I found.
At this point, I wanted to see some
graphics. Rick Adams and Dale Lear
had two programs on October's RAIN-
BOW ON TAPE. The tape interface
worked. The Tunnel program is not
much on a black-and-white monitor,
but Wheel does what it is intended to
do. Since I had seen what 1 wanted to
see on the monitor, it was time to hook
1394 to a color TV.
It quickly became apparent why
Radio Shack has stayed with the 32-
character CoCo screen so long. The 40-
and 80-character text screens and the
new high resolution graphics screens are
64 pixels wider than the old CoCo
screens. If the TV does not properly
center the screens, the edge of the left
side is lost. In my case, one to two
characters on the left edge of the 40-
character screen and more on the 80-
character screen were off the screen.
The TV at the Computer Center was
only somewhat better.
Interestingly, 80-character text is
readable on my color TV, but it is fairly
new and still has good contrast. And the
quality is not what one needs for con-
tinuous use. Expect 80-column text to
be illegible on old sets with poor con-
trast and other ills. I quickly found
myself returning to the 32-character
screen to enter programs. The 32-
character screen looks fine on a color
TV. It is only on monochrome monitors
that one has trouble. This is not to say
that programmers should not use the
40-character screen. It does mean that
programs must forgo using a couple of
columns at least on the left side of the
screen.
The cause of the the centering prob-
lem lies in the computer, since the screen
is offset to the left on both the TV and
monitor. I am told that the same thing
happens when an MS-DOS machine
runs on a TV. I expect that much new
programming will use CoCo 3 modes,
partly because of the ability to put text
onto graphics screens.
Tunnel'in the 16-color graphics mode
on the color TV was something else
entirely. The pastel colors blending into
each other gives an effect totally lost in
black and white.
Looking for something more led me
to Sample Program 24 in the manual.
It draws 80 circles on the screen and fills
each with a random color. It then draws
some colored bars at the top and bot-
tom of the screen. Then the program
goes into a loop and randomly changes
the colors in the palette. The result is
spectacular with all elements changing
colors at the same time. And it's fast. I
put a high speed poke into the program,
but took it out because the changes
came too fast.
On a reasonable quality TV, CoCo 3
is a spectacular graphics machine. On
top of this it appears that the new high
resolution graphics commands are a bit
easier to understand and use than the
original Extended BASIC commands.
While the original Extended basic
commands remain and should run all
older Extended BASIC programs, their
capability is enhanced so they can use
any of the computer's 64-color set.
These colors are now available to all
text and graphics modes. The job is
done through use of the palette, which
is as good a place as any to start.
In the CoCo 3, as in previous CoCos,
each color is referred to by number.
Previous CoCos supported eight colors
plus black in the low resolution graphics
and two or four color subsets of these
colors in the higher resolution modes.
These restraints still apply, except that
the available colors are determined by
reference to specific slots in the palette
that are initialized with numbers that
refer to colors available on previous
CoCos. These default settings can be
changed from Ihe keyboard or from a
BASIC program changing the available
colors in any text or graphics mode at
any time.
PALETTE is used in two ways. The
first is to configure the colors in the slots
for either a composite monitor or TV
set: PALETTE CNP. This is the default
from a cold start. Whenever PALETTE
CMP is issued, the default palette colors
are reestablished. PALETTE RGB sets up
the machine to use the RGB analog
monitor to be released by Tandy. The
190
THE RAINBOW January 1987
RGB monitor interpretation of colors is
different from that of a composite video
monitor. When you cold start a CoCo
3 with an RGB monitor, you will have
to enter the PALETTE RGB command
from the keyboard. The command
could also be the first line of a BASIC
program. I suspect that there will be a
way to configure the computer for an
RGB monitor from an OS-9 start-up
file.
The second use is to change the color
assigned to a particular slot or palette
register. The syntax is PALETTE pr, cc
where pr stands for palette register or
slot and cc means color code.
There are 16 palette registers num-
bered to 15. The computer refers to
the palette registers to determine which
colors are to appear on the screen.
When a palette register's color assign-
ments change, all locations on the
screen referring to that slot change.
Here is a BASIC program that will
change the screen color showing all
available colors:
10 HSCREEN 2
20 HCLS 2
30 FDR X=0 TD G3 : PALETTE 2,X
: FOR Y=l TO 300 :NEXT Y,X
HSCREEN 2 sets the computer for the
320-by-192, 16-color graphics. HCLS2
clears the graphics screen to the color
in Palette Register 2. In Line 30, X is
incremented from to 63 and the Color
Codes are loaded into Palette Register
2 with PALETTE 2,X. FOR Y=l TO 300
:NEXT Y is simply a delay loop so the
colors can be observed.
The manual does not list all the
available colors. This is probably be-
cause of differences in the ways different
monitors and TVs display colors. What
may be yellow on one machine could be
yellow-orange on another, while a
pastel green might be shifted to yellow.
What they call buff looks like white to
me. A program. Sample Program 23, is
provided to present each color and its
number in groups of eight. With this
program, you can view all the colors
and list them as they appear with your
equipment. A picture of the first screen
shown by this program should help you
adjust your TV or monitor to display
colors in a similar manner. There ap-
pear to be 16 basic colors with pastel
variations. In the first cycle, the colors
are intense with intensity diminishing in
higher numbered cycles. The only col-
ors I really missed were dark brown and
a selection of grays. A picture of the old
gray box might need to have a bluish
cast. And it certainly will be possible to
Slot
Color
CMP Code
RGB Code
Green
18
18
I
Yellow
36
54
2
Blue
11
9
3
Red
7
36
4
Buff
63
63
5
Cyan
31
27
6
Magenta
9
45
7
Orange
38
38
8
Black
9
Green
18
18
10
Black
11
Buff
63
63
12
Black
13
Green
18
18
14
Black
15
Orange
38
38
Table 1:
Startup Color Assignments
ATTR
ATTR
CLS
Foreground
Background
Color
—
Slot 8
SlotO
Color 1
SlotO
Slot 9
Slot 1
Color 2
Slot 1
Slot 10
Slot 2
Color 3
Slot 2
Slot 1 1
Slot 3
Color 4
Slot 3
Slot 12
Slot 4
Color 5
Slot 4
Slot 13
Slot 5
Color 6
Slot 5
Slot 14
Slot 6
Color 7
Slot 6
Slot 15
Slot 7
Color 8
Slot 7
—
—
Defaults —
Foreground:
Slot 8
Black
Background:
SlotO
Green
Table 2: Color
Slot Numbers
draw an electric pink Cadillac.
The startup color assignments are
listed in the manual and are reproduced
in Table 1.
The colors in slots through 8 include
the colors used by the traditional CoCo
low resolution text screen, but color
number does not correspond to slot
number. Black is in slot 8 and all colors
are in slots numbered one slot lower
than the color number. I am not satis-
fied that this confusion is needed.
Things get worse with the 40- and 80-
column text screens. CLS works just like
it does for the 32-column screen. A new
command, ATTR cl,c2,B,U is availa-
ble. How ATTR does what it does is not
immediately obvious. Central to under-
standing is that cl, the foreground
color, uses one set of palette slots while
c2, the background color, uses an
entirely different set of slots. Further,
cl uses higher numbered slots, while c2
uses lower numbered slots. It seems
backward. Reread this paragraph and
make sure you understand the arrange-
ment. Perhaps a table will help. Table
2 appears on Page 300 in the manual.
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 191
The discussion of flTTR in the front of
the manual does not even mention the
table, leaving the user to wallow in
confusion.
To finish off ATTR, B is a switch to
start text blinking and then stop blink-
ing; U is a switch to start and stop
underlining.
At this point we have enough infor-
mation to explain why CLS5 clears the
screen on a monochrome monitor and
makes the lettering legible. Color 5
references Slot 4, whose default color is
buff (which is white for most purposes).
The default foreground color is black.
The composite video signal carries only
black and white information, which is
what the black and white monitor wants
to see. flTTR 2 , 4 accomplishes the same
thing. Available background colors do
not include black in the default situa-
tion. Try this:
PALETTE 0,0
flTTR 1,0
This assigns the color black to Slot 0;
green is in Slot 9, which is used as
Foreground Color I. The result is green
letters on a black background. flTTR
3 , provides buff letters on black. Both
displays have color fringes in a TV
screen, but don't look bad from a
distance. Neither color is readable on
the 80-character screen, and dark on
light is better on the 40-character
screen. PALETTE CMP undoes all the
damage we did with this experiment.
PRINT, PRINT TAB and PRINT USING
work on the 40- and 80-column screen
just as they do on the 32-column screen.
PRINT 8n, is only used on the 32-
column screen. On the 40- and 80-
column screens use LOCATE x,y to
position the cursor to column x and row
y. The next PRINT statement will begin
printing at that location. The column
can be to 39 on the 40-column screen
and to 79 on the 80-column screen. On
either screen, rows range from to 23.
Note the difference between the ways
PRINT@n, and LOCATE x,y work. LO-
CATE x , y merely positions the cursor at
a particular column position on a spec-
ified line. When using PRINT On, each
screen location has a number. The range
is to 51 1 on the 32-characler screen.
Further, PRINT @n, expects there to be
a string or variable following the
comma, which is to be printed. You can
use PRINT @n, like LOCATE x,y, if you
follow the comma with a null string and
a semicolon, like PRINT @n,"";.
As noted, the left one or two charac-
ter positions on the 40-column screen
are lost when using CoCo 3 on a color
TV.
Good programming practice will be
to start all printing at Column 3. This
will generalize your programs so they
will work on monitors or TVs. LOCATE
2,y would be used prior to each PRINT
statement that is to print to the left side
of the screen.
Alternately, you can use PRINT
TAB ( 4 ) ; "TEXT ". This prints the text at
the same position as LOCATE 2,y. The
implication is that the computer uses
80-column locations even when work-
ing on a 40-column screen.
This essentially covers the operation
of the 40- and 80-column text screens.
They represent a major improvement
over previous CoCos. Next month we
will move on to the new graphics capa-
bilities.
From the Princeton RAINBOWfest . . .
The CoCo 3 Round-Table Tape!
the rainbow recorded the main event
of RAINBOWfest Princeton, the Satur-
day evening (Oct. 18) round-table
discussion:
"The Design, Development
and Marketing of the CoCo 3."
Speakers included Tandy's Barry
Thompson and Mark Siegel, as
well as independent CoCo 3 pro-
grammers Steve Bjork and Dale Lear
(filling in for Greg Zumwalt).
This was a lively and informative ses-
sion and, therefore, we want as many
people as possible to hear what these
RAINBOWfest guests had to say.
YES, Please send me
copies of the "CoCo
3 Round-Table Tape" at $5 per copy plus $1.50
S/H for a total of .
(U.S. Currency only, please.)
Name (please print)
Address
City
. State
Telephone
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ZIP
D Payment Enclosed, or Charge to:
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Make checks payable to The Rainbow. Mail to CoCo 3
Round-Table Tape, The Rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Pros-
pect, KY 40059. To place credit card orders, call our toll-
free number: (800) 847-0309.
192
THE RAINBOW January 1987
OS-9
KISSable OS-9
Debunking the Myth of
OS-9 User Hostility
By Dale L. Puckett
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Since January's RAINBOW is dedi-
cated to beginners, we'll take a
fresh look at the basics of OS-9
this month and try to eliminate some of
the apprehension that surrounds Color
Computer owners trying to use OS-9 for
the first time. We'll wrap up the column
with a few tips submitted by readers.
Myth Versus Reality
OS-9 is the victim of a myth in Color
Computer circles. Those who perpetu-
ate that myth would have you believe
that OS-9 is difficult to use and impos-
sible to understand. Not so!
The ironic thing about this myth is
the fact that it most likely exists because
of the tremendous computing power
Dale L. Pucker I, who is author of The
Official BASIC09 Tour Guide and
coauthor, with Peter Dibble, of The
Official Rainbow Guide to OS-9, is a
free-lance writer and programmer. He
serves as direclor-at-large of the OS-9
Users Group and is a member of the
Computer Press Association. Dale
works as a U.S. Coast Guard chief
warrant officer and lives on Governors
Island in New York Harbor.
built into OS-9. Many options come
with this power; options that give you
the opportunity to make many choices.
Many people become overwhelmed
when they face too much freedom or too
many choices. They think that just
because a choice exists, they have to
make it. They lose sight of the fact that
no action — or choice — is always an
option. A professional operating system
like OS-9 usually delivers a popular
default action when you decide not to
make a choice.
To illustrate our point we will try to
give several examples that compare OS-
9 to the Disk Extended BASIC used by
the Color Computer. To do this, we'll
show you how to do a few trivial tasks
using several different tools. For exam-
ple, let's imagine we want to print a
message on our Color Computer screen.
With Disk Extended basic we could
type a simple command to do the job
immediately after we turn on our com-
puter.
PRINT "HELLO, I'M A COLOR
COMPUTER ! "
HELLO, I 'M R COLOR COMPUTER
As soon as we type the command line,
our Color Computer will print the
second line on the screen. Disk Ex-
tended BASIC is a language and one of
the verbs in that language is PRINT.
Each time Disk Extended basic sees the
word PRINT it looks at the string of
characters or variable following that
word and prints it.
If you wanted to print the same line
on the screen several times, you could
type in a short program and run it.
10 FOR X = 1 TO 10
20 PRINT "HELLO, I'M fl COLOR
COMPUTER!"
30 NEXT X
RUN
HELLO, I'M H COLOR COMPUTER
HELLO, I'M A COLOR COMPUTER
BASIC09 is another computer lan-
guage that runs under the OS-9 operat-
ing system. Using an advanced design,
it compiles each line of your program
into an intermediate or I-code as you
type it in. As a result it can run your
programs four to five times faster than
Disk Extended BASIC. Additionally,
programs written in BASIC09 are much
easier to read and understand because
they do not require line numbers and
they let you use long variable names
that convey a meaning. Reading a
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 193
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BASIC09 program is almost like reading
the solution to a problem written in
English. For example:
FOR LINE := 1 TO 10
PRINT "HELLO, I'M fl COLOR
COMPUTER!"
NEXT LINE
When we run this program, BASIC09
produces the same results on our screen
as the Disk Extended BASIC program.
If we wanted a stand-alone program, we
could write the same program using the
C language compiler that runs under
OS-9.
main( )
{
int line;
for(line = 0; line != 10;
llne++)
pr-intf ("HELLO, I'M fl COLOR
COMPUTER! \n");
}
""Just think of an
operating system
as a traffic cop on
a busy corner . . .
OS-9 directs the
flow of
information inside
your computer.
jj
Disk Extended BASIC, BAS1C09 and c
are all languages. While the syntax of
each language is a bit different, the
result is the same. Each language lets
you do the same job.
OS-9 is not a language. Rather, it is
an operating system. And the many
utility commands that come with it let
you do many things. For example, the
OS-9 echo utility lets you simulate the
first Disk Extended basic PRINT com-
mand line above. Even though it is a
command that tells the OS-9 operating
system to do something, it delivers a
result just like the PRINT verb in Disk
Extended BASIC. Try it. At the OS-9
prompt, type:
0S9: echo HELLO, I'M fl COLOR
COMPUTER ENTER
HELLO, I'M fl COLOR COMPUTER
Note that we did not type the excla-
mation point in our example. It is a
special character in an OS-9 command
line and is used to set up a pipeline. We'll
talk about pipelines later.
By repeating the echo command line
above 1 times in an OS-9 procedure file
we could even simulate the other pro-
grams. However, since the OS-9 Shell
is not a complete programming lan-
guage and does not allow FOR-NEXT
loops we would need to type the echo
command line 10 times. Let's try it!
0S9: build TenTimes ENTER
? load echo ENTER
''echo Hello, I'm A Color
Computer ENTER
'echo Hello, I'm A Color
Computer ENTER
? . . .
? unlink echo ENTER
? ENTER
0S9: TenTimes ENTER
Hello, I'm fl Color Computer
Hello, I'm fl Color Computer
0S9:
It may not be elegant. But, it works
and serves to illustrate the point that
OS-9 is not really that complicated. It's
just another way of getting a job done.
OS-9 Can Do Graphics Too!
The OS-9 module that writes to your
Color Computer screen can also do
graphics. Just to prove the old adage
that the more things change, the more
they stay the same, let's look at three
ways to draw a box near the edge of
your CoCo graphics screen. We'll use
Disk Extended BASIC first.
10 PMODE 1,1
20 PCLS
30 SCREEN 1,1
40 LINE (10,10) - (10.17G),
PSET
50 LINE (10,176) - (240,176),
PSET
60 LINE (240,176) - (240,10),
PSET
70 LINE (240,10) - (10,10),
PSET
80 GOTO 80
As an alternative, we could have
replaced lines 40 though 70 with Line 40
below. But, we wanted to keep our
example programs parallel.
40 LINE (0,0) - (255,191),
PSET.B
To write the same program in BASIC09
we would use the following lines:
run gfx( "mode ",0,4 )
run gfx( "clBar")
run gfx( "color", 7)
run gfx("move",16,16)
run gfx("line",16,17G)
run gfx( "line", 240, 176)
run gfx("line",240,16)
run gfx( "line", 16, 16)
Note that when you work with graph-
ics under OS-9, the module named gr f o
must be available in memory or in your
current execution directory. We'll talk
more about modules in memory and the
OS-9 directories later. For now, you
should know that the gf x in the BASIC09
program lines above is the name of a
BASIC09 module that interprets the high-
level language parameters within paren-
theses and sends out the proper control
codes to the OS-9 screen driver module.
The move command above places OS-
9's invisible graphics cursor at a posi-
tion 16 pixels up from the bottom of the
screen and 16 pixels to the right of the
screen's left edge. We drew our box in
from the edge of the screen so it would
be easier to see it on a monochrome
monitor. All of this implies that you
should be able to send these codes to the
screen driver module from the OS-9
command line, and you can.
The easy way to draw the box above
using OS-9 would be to use a series of
command lines containing the display
utility in a procedure file.
0S9: build box ENTER
? load grFo
? load display ENTER
? display F 4 ENTER
? display 10 4 ENTER
? display 11 7 ENTER
? display 15 10 10
? display 16 10 B0 ENTER
? display 16 F0 B0 ENTER
? display 16 F0 10 ENTER
? display 16 10 10 ENTER
? unlink display ENTER
? ENTER
059: box ENTER
You could also type display fol-
lowed by each of the hexadecimal
numbers used above in one command
line. We formatted the OS-9 procedure
file the way we did to make it parallel
in structure to the BASIC09 program.
The line with display 15 10 10 places
the invisible cursor used by the OS-9
graphics driver 16 pixels up and 16
196 THE RAINBOW January 1987
pixels to the right of the lower left-hand
corner of the OS-9 graphics screen, just
like the move command in the BASIC09
program. Notice also that the OS-9
display command uses hexadecimal
numbers, while the BASIC09 program
used decimal numbers. The Location
BO is 176 pixels up from the bottom of
the screen. The Location FO is 240
pixels to the right of the left edge of the
screen. Notice how these numbers com-
pare to the decimal numbers in the
BASIC09 and Disk Extended BASIC pro-
grams.
DS9: display F 4 10 4 11 7 15
10 10 IS 10 B0 16 F0 B0 1G F0 10
1G 10 10
You can also use the OS-9 display
utility with the proper control codes to
move the graphics cursor, set individual
pixels on the screen to a specific color,
draw circles and paint an area of the
screen with a specific color.
Now that we have shown you that
OS-9 is merely another way to give
directions to your Color Computer,
we'll move on to show you how to get
started using OS-9. Hopefully, we'll be
able to show you how to avoid a few
trouble spots along the way.
OS-9 is an Operating System
Before we move on we should take a
few moments to talk about operating
systems. In the language of a systems
designer, an operating system controls
the low level processes within your
computer. It gives your applications
programs a way to talk to and control
your hardware. It also manages your
memory and other finite resources
within your computer.
These processes are nothing more
than short programs that happen to be
running and doing a job for you. They
may be putting characters in a disk file
or they may be sending a scries of
characters to a printer. Your system
resources include external devices like
your terminal, printer and disk drives.
They also include things inside your
computer like memory and the micro-
processor's time.
Just think of an operating system as
a traffic cop on a busy corner. The
traffic cop directs the flow of automo-
biles on a busy street. OS-9 directs the
flow of information inside your
computer, making sure that the right
data gels to the right place at the right
time.
Getting Started With OS-9
There are two ways to bring OS-9 to
life on your Color Computer. The
method you use depends on which Disk
Extended BASIC ROM is in your CoCo.
If you have Disk Extended BASIC 1.0
then you must use the special OS-9 boot
disk that comes with your OS-9 system
disk. You must insert it in Drive and
type RUN"*". A few seconds later the
screen will instruct you to insert the OS-
9 master disk in Drive and press any
key to continue.
If you have a Color Computer with
Disk Extended BASIC 1.1, then all you
need to do is put the OS-9 master disk
in Drive and type DOS, a Disk Ex-
tended BASIC command that does the
same thing as the RUN"*" command
above.
After typing DOS, OS-9 will ask you
the date and time. OS-9 uses the date
and time when it saves a file. And if you
forget the date or want to know what
time it is, OS-9 can retrieve that infor-
mation and print it on the screen. If you
are using versions 1.00 or 1.01 of OS-
9, setime, the OS-9 utility command
that asks you for the time must be run
each time you start OS-9. It starts the
pseudo clock that runs within OS-9. If
this clock is not running, OS-9 is not
able to run multiple tasks.
If you want to know the current date
while running OS-9, you can ask for it
by using the da te utility command that
comes with your system. Simply type:
059: date and press ENTER. OS-9 will
print the date on your screen for you.
If you need to know the time, you can
ask OS-9 to print that by typing 059:
date t and pressing ENTER.
If you type this command right after
you start the Color Computer, OS-9
will look in its module directory for a
module named da te. Since, you haven't
loaded that module, OS-9 will not find
it. Because it could not find the module
in memory, OS-9 will look for it in its
current execution directory. This direc-
tory is almost always /d0/CMDS on
standard OS-9 systems. If you haven't
deleted the file named date from your
disk, OS-9 will find it, load a module
named date into memory and execute
it. After it does all of this, you will see
the date appear on the screen.
If you knew you were going to ask for
the date and time every few minutes,
you could load the date command in
memory. After you do this, it will
appear to run instantly (059: load
date). In fact, you can load a number
of program modules into memory and
have them available instantly. However,
if you try to load too many programs
into the crowded 64K workspace avail-
able with OS-9 Level I, you will quickly
run into a problem — you won't have
enough memory left in your computer
to run the large programs that do most
of your real work. BASIC09, for example,
takes up approximately 22,000 bytes of
memory.
All of this means you have to write
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language, disassembler, disk sector edit and others. Very useful,
many of these you will find yourself using every time you run your
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PC-XFER UTILITIES— Utilities to read/write and format ss MS-
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All disk prices are for CoCo OS-9 format; for other formats, specify
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OS-9 Is a trademark ol Mlcrowaro and Motorola Inc.
MS-DOS is a liadomark ol Microsoll, Inc
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 197
your programs in a number of small
modules while programming with
BASIC09 on an OS-9 Level 1 system. You
must then load each module from a disk
when you need it. Modularity is a big
plus for BASIC09, but loading a module
from disk every time you need to run it
can be a big pain.
OS-9 Level II Solves Many
Memory Problems
If you already own a CoCo 3 with
512K of memory, rest easy. When OS-
9 Level II becomes available, many of
the problems feeding the myth that OS-
9 is hard to use and understand will
disappear. I have been running OS-9
Level II with only 240K of memory for
more than four years and I have never
run into a problem.
"Modularity is a
big plus for
BASIC09, but
loading a module
from disk every
time you need to
run it can be a big
pain. "
OS-9 Level II helps solve memory
problems by setting up a separate 64K
of workspace for each task running on
your computer. Let's briefly compare
OS-9 Level I and OS-9 Level II.
With OS-9 Level I you can only
access 64K of memory. Part of this is
due to the fact that the 6809E processor
in your Color Computer can only access
64K of memory. The rest is due to the
fact that OS-9 Level I does not know
about memory management beyond the
64K boundary. Enter OS-9 Level II.
OS-9 Level II works with two differ-
ent types of workspace. For starters, it
sets aside a system workspace that holds
all of the device descriptors and device
drivers you need to access your hard-
ware as well as the file managers, kernel
and other internals that OS-9 needs to
manage your computer's resources.
And here's another bonus — that same
system workspace is used for all the data
memory needed by OS-9.
After setting up its own system work-
space, OS-9 Level II then sets up a
separate workspace for each process
you start. Remember, a process is
simply one of your programs that
happens to be running. The important
fact to remember is that each of these
user workspaces can be up to 64K long.
Let's get specific and show what this
really means to you.
What happens when you run BASIC09
from within OS-9 Level I? In a few
words, memory space is cramped and
you have very little room for programs.
For example, in my system I have 145
pages, or just over 36K, of memory free
immediately after I start OS-9. After
loading BASIC09, 1 have 55 pages, or just
over 13K, of free memory left. That
doesn't give me a lot of space to work.
Now, let's see what happens when I
run BAS1C09 with OS-9 Level II. After
loading BASIC09 it just sits there in
memory. It will be available almost
immediately, but it won't be using any
data workspace until I start it as a
process by running it from the com-
mand line. When I do run it, I will have
nearly 64K, or 256 pages, of memory
available for it and the programs it is
running. This means BASIC09 will be
able to use approximately 64K-22K, or
nearly 42K, of memory for its programs
and data. In reality, there is closer to
63. 5K of memory available in each
workspace because the top memory
locations are mapped to the hardware.
But in any case, 42K of memory is much
better than I3K.
Making a New OS-9 Disk
One of the most important lessons
you can learn when you start to work
with OS-9 is to always work with a copy
of the master disk you purchased from
Tandy. Never work with the original
disk because accidents can happen —
even to experienced hackers. So when
you first run OS-9, make a backup of
that precious master disk. It isn't hard
to do and it shouldn't take too much
time. Think of the time as a valuable
investment.
First, you will need to format a new
disk. To begin, type 0S9: load format
free and press ENTER. Now, take the
OS-9 system master disk out of Drive
0, insert the new disk in the drive and
type DS9: format 'd® and press
ENTER.
The format program asks you if you
really want to format the disk in Drive
0. After you confirm that the disk in
Drive is indeed your new disk and not
your master system disk, press Y for yes
and the format program will go to
work.
Forma t will then ask you to name the
new disk. You can make up any name
here because that name will be replaced
when you back up the master system
disk on the new disk. After you type the
name, format will verify the data it
placed on the new disk and you will
soon see the OS-9 prompt again. When
you do, type OSS: free /d0 and press
ENTER.
The free utility command should
report that you have a total of 630
sectors on the disk and that 620 sectors
are available to use. If format found
any bad sectors on the new disk it will
report a number smaller than 630. If this
happens, do not attempt to back up the
system master disk on to it. The OS-9
backup utility requires that the format
of the disk you are using to hold the
backup is formatted exactly like the
original disk you are backing up. If the
two formats are not identical, the
backup command will not work. Don't
even try.
Assuming that your new disk is good,
take out the new disk and put the master
system disk back in Drive 0. Then type
OSS: unlink format free and press
ENTER.
This command line removes the two
utility programs you loaded earlier and
frees more memory for you to use when
you do the actual backup. Now type
OSS: load backup and press ENTER.
After backup is loaded you must take
the original master disk out of Drive
and put the newly formatted disk in that
drive. Then type OSS: backup s 'd®
832K and press ENTER.
When the OS-9 backup utility asks if
you are ready to back up from /d0 to
/d0 answer with a Y for yes. The pro-
gram will instruct you to get the desti-
nation disk and press any key. Since you
already have it in the drive, go ahead
and strike any key. OS-9 asks you if it
is OK to write over the disk in the drive.
Again, press Y for yes.
You'll then be asked to get your
source disk ready. Remove the backup
disk from the drive, insert the master
system disk and then press any key. You
will have to repeat the steps above
several times, swapping the disks when
the backup program asks you to, until
the original disk is completely copied
onto the new disk.
Now that you have a new copy of the
system master disk you should store the
original master disk in a safe place. The
important thing to remember about
backup is that you can only back up a
disk to another disk of identical size.
You cannot back up up a 35-track disk
to a 40-track drive. Nor can you back
198
THE RAINBOW January 1987
up a single-sided, 40-track disk to a
double-sided, 40-track disk.
To back up all the files on a disk of
one format onto a disk formatted dif-
ferently, you must use the OS-9 dsave
utility command or one of the many
alternative copy commands from third-
party vendors. Without going into a lot
of detail, here is an OS-9 command that
will do the job: 059: dsave 'dl 'd0 !
Shell and press ENTER.
You'll notice that this command
assumes you have two disk drives in
operation. After you have used OS-9 a
few hours, you will discover that two
disk drives are indeed a necessity — not
a luxury. The exclamation point in the
command line above causes dsave to
send its output to the OS-9 command
interpreter, which is named Shell. It is
an example of the pipelines we men-
tioned earlier.
Customizing Your Disks
One of the most important advan-
tages of OS-9 is the fact that it lets you
customize your system to your heart's
content. Unfortunately, this ability also
makes a tremendous contribution to the
myth that OS-9 is difficult to use and
hard to understand.
Make the pledge right now to stick
with the basics until you are ready to
start modifying your system. Practice
running the utility commands that are
stored in the /dO/CMDS directory of
your working system disk. Follow the
directions in the OS-9 manuals or The
Complete Rainbow Guide To OS-9
carefully. After you understand what is
happening when you run each com-
mand, you can move forward freely and
modify your computer as you like.
Many of the problems you'll encoun-
ter if you are running OS-9 Level I
revolve around the severe memory
constraints forced on you by the limited
64K workspace. In fact, many of the
error messages you receive when you
start to work with OS-9 procedure files
will occur because there is simply not
enough memory to load in the module
required to do a specific task.
Another error message you may see
quite often at first is Error 216 — File
Not Found! This error pops up a lot for
beginners because they do not fully
understand the OS-9 file system.
The important thing you must under-
stand is that OS-9 always maintains two
working directories. One of these direc-
tories is called the current execution
directory. The other is called the current
data — or working — directory.
OS-9 always looks in the current
execution directory when it is looking
for a file that contains a program it
needs to run. Likewise it usually stores
all data files and looks for procedure
files in the current data directory.
Here's the trick. The current execu-
tion directory and current data direc-
tory are seldom stored in the same
physical position on two different disks.
This means that even though these
directories may have the same names on
both disks, they are often not located on
the same track or sector. Because of this,
OS-9 will not be able to find your
Listing 1: f ixtime
**************************************************
*
* FIXTIME - COPYRIGHT (c) 198 6 by S. B. GOLDBERG
*
* Updates time to help correct clock for disk usage.
*
Counter update is $49 from start of module. Use
Debug to change timing count, if necessary. In-
crease the count to slow the clock, decrease the
count to speed up the clock. Check clock operation
and change in source code when it keeps good time
and re-assemble object module. Do NOT unlink f ixtime
while testing, or you'll have a total system crash.
Fixtime can't be unlinked if part of OS9Boot file.
Use OS9Gen to add fixtime to boot file and execute
from your startup file. Do NOT use Cobbler after
executing fixtime, the CRC and header will not be
correct! ! !
ifpl
use
endc
/d#/defs/os9defs
****************************************
* SET COUNT TO KEEP YOUR CLOCK ON TIME *
****************************************
8 disk access count
$010A NMI vector address
count
equ
vector
equ
*
mod
*
rmb
dsiz
equ
*
name
fcs
fee
len, name, prgrm+obj ct , reent+1 , entry , dsiz
200 stack
/fixtime/
/(c) 1986 S.B.GOLDBERG/
********************************
*
* INITIALIZE AND QUIT
*
entry
noerr
ldx
stx
leax
stx
Ida
sta
clrb
os9
vector get NMI vector
1+ jump, per save it
fix, per time correction address
vector put in NMI vector address
#$3d new entry offset
name-3,pcr put in header
clear error flag
f$exit quit
********************************
*
* THIS DOES THE ACTUAL WORK
*
count disk access counter
counter, per update time?
jump not yet
counter
fix
feb
dec
bne
Ida
#count yes, counter value
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 199
current directories if you swap disks
without telling it.
Here's the solution. If you remove
one disk from a drive and insert
another, always type:
0S9: chd /d0/MyDi rectory ENTER
0S9: chx /de/CPIDS ENTER
Note that the directory names in these
two command lines are simply exam-
ples and you need to type the names of
the actual directories stored on the disk
you have inserted.
Hopefully, we have given you enough
information to get you started and
pointed out a few of the pitfalls to avoid
when you first start running OS-9.
Hang in there and practice. Stick with
the simple utilities until you thoroughly
understand what is happening when
you run them. After you conquer a
command, move on to another. Before
long, you'll be able to control your
Color Computer like you never could
before.
And, if the Not Enough Memory
Errors are driving you crazy, just re-
member that OS-9 Level 11 and 5 1 2K of
usable memory at your fingertips is just
around the corner with the new CoCo
3. I have a hunch that the new visual
shell that Microware and Tandy are
developing will bring intuitive comput-
ing and applications to OS-9. Things
should really be fascinating in about a
year.
CoCo SIG Database Expanding
The OS-9 database in rainbow's
CoCo SIG on Delphi is really expand-
ing. I understand that the complete
library of the OS-9 Users Group should
be available soon. And even without the
Users Group Library, the number of
files has expanded dramatically in the
last few months.
You can now find beginners' tutorials
and help with downloading files in a
series of excellent articles in the data-
base. In addition to the articles, you will
find several dozen programs including
a disassembler, Steve Bjork's bouncing
ball demos and many utilities. You will
even find drivers and descriptors for the
J&R Banker RAMdisk and the
Speech/ Sound Cartridge from Tandy.
Plus, you'll find a number of files that
show you how to patch several OS-9
programs. Take a look; you'll like what
you see!
Tips From Bob Rosen
Bob Rosen reports that to use a
monochrome monitor on the Color
sta
leax
os9
Ida
inc
cmpa
bhi
clr
mc
cmpa
bhi
clr
inc
newtime
os9
*************
* You MUST us
*
jump
*
j-mp
*************
pack
fcb
emod
len
equ
end
counter, per reset counter
pack, per address for time package
f$time get time
#60 time check constant
5,x add a second
5,x totals minute or more?
newtime no, set new time
5,x yes, make seconds zero
4,x add one minute
4 , x hour or more?
newtime no, set new time
4,x yes, zero minutes
3 , x add an hour
f$stime set new time
*********************************
e ' >00 ' to force extended address
>00 goto NMI handler
*********************************
pp,pp,pp,pp t ppipp
Listing 2: reboot
/*
* OS9 ReBoot
*
* Copyright 198 6 by R.M. Santy
*/
#include <stdio.h>
# include "module. h"
#include "os9defs.h"
#define SECTOR 256
#define SECS_TRACK 18
^define TRACK_SIZE (SECTOR * SECS_TRACK)
^define BOOTSIZE TRACK_SIZE
^define TRACK34 ((long) TRACK_SIZE * 34)
^define SYSERR -1
/*
Track 3 4 of boot disk is. loaded
into the following buffer.
*/
char bootstrap [ BOOTSIZE] ;
/*
If a hard disk has a bootable partition,
the byte starting byte address is placed
in the following 24 bit buffer.
*/
char off set [3] ;
/*
Any failure causes the following message
to be displayed.
V
char *usage = "Usage: ReBoot /devname\n" ;
/*
The device descriptor's address is copied
here.
*/
200
THE RAINBOW January 1 987
mod_dev *device;
/*
The device driver's address is copied
here.
*/
mod exec *driver;
/*
The bootable diskette or hard disk
partition's file number.
*/
FILE *disk;
/*
The bootable diskette or hard disk
partition's device name.
*/
char devname [32] ;
/*
The bootable diskette or hard disk
partition's driver name.
*/
char drivername[32] ;
int temp;
/*
Reboot main program.
V
main(ac,av)
int ac;
char *av[] ;
{
/*
Reboot has no default argument.
*/
if (ac 1= 2)
failed ("Wrong number of arguments") ;
/*
Argument 1 is the diskette or hard disk
partition name.
*/
strcpy (devname , av [ 1 ] ) ;
/*
Try to link to the device. Success if
the device is already in the module
directory.
*/
device = modi ink (&devname[l] , DEVIC ; OBJCT) ;
/*
Verify existence.
*/
if (device == SYSERR)
{
/*
No problem, try to load it.
*/
device = modi oad(& devname [1] ,DEVIC,OBJCT) ;
/*
Verify existence.
*/
if (device == SYSERR)
/*
Now we have a problem. The device
descriptor is not in the execution
directory!
*/
Video Composite output of the CoCo
3 you can type:
WIDTH B0: PALETTE B, 255:
PflLETTE 0,
To have your CoCo 3 tell you who
wrote the Microware Disk patch, type:
WIDTH 40 : CLS 9 : CL5 100
And, finally, Rosen researched the
pinout of the RGB monitor jack and
shares it here. Looking at the outside of
the RGB out jack on the bottom of the
computer, you'll see the following
pinout:
9 7 5 3 1
10 8 6
4 2
Here are the connections:
I. Ground
6. Polarity (No Pin)
2. Ground
7. Sound
3. Red
8. Hsync
4. Green
9. Vsync
5. Blue
10. No connection
(•(•
If you own
several versions of
OS -9, make sure
you use only the
utility commands
that came with
each version."
OS9Gen Tips From Walt Weber
We received a nice note with several
tips from Walt Weber in Marysville,
Wash., recently that repeats some ad-
vice we have mentioned several times in
the past but which bears repeating. If
you own several versions of OS-9, make
sure you use only the utility commands
that came with each version. The same
is especially true if you are using the ASM
command that comes with OS-9. You
need to make sure that you use the
OS9DEFS files that came with the
version of OS-9 you are currently using.
If you don't, tricky bugs can sneak into
your object code that will be almost
impossible to find.
Weber has done a lot of experiment-
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 201
Protect and highlight
gour important
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with sturdy
RAINBOW binders
Distinctive, Durable RAINBOW Binders
the rainbow is a vital resource to be referred to
again and again. Keep your copies of the rainbow safe
in our quality, distinctive binders that provide com-
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These attractive red vinyl binders showcase your
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Put an End to Clutter
Organize your workspace with these tasteful bind-
ers. Spend more time with your CoCo and eliminate
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A set of two binders, which holds a full 12 issues of
the rainbow, is only $13.50 (plus $2.50 shipping and
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Special Discounts on Past Issues
To help you complete your collection of the rain-
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of the magazine.
When you place an order for six or more back issues
of the rainbow at the same time you order binders,
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To order, please see the "Back Issue Information"
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Know Where to Look
You may purchase the "Official And Compleat Index
To THE RAINBOW" for $1 when you purchase a set
of binders. This comprehensive index of rainbow's
first three years (July 1981 through July 1984) is
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YES. Please send me
set(s) of rainbow binders
Take advantage of these special offers with your binder purchase:
Save $1 off the single issue cover price for back issues. Minimum order of 6 magazines. Please
enclose a back issue order form from a recent issue indicating magazines wanted.
Purchase the "Official and Compleat Index to THE RAINBOW" for $1. (Regular price $2.50.)
(These offers good only with the purchase of a rainbow binder set)
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All other inquiries call (502) 228-4492.
/'
}
failed ("Loading descriptor");
Ok, we will access the boot device
directly.
*/
strcat ( devname , " @ " ) ;
/*
Need to find the device's driver now.
Get the bas address of the descriptor.
V
temp = device;
/*
Copy the name of the driver from the
descriptor.
V
strhcpy (drivername,device->m_ddname+temp, 32) ;
/*
Hard disk descriptors that support booting
will have their partition offsets
copied.
*/
_strass (offset, device->m_control, 3) ;
/*
Now link to the driver.
*/
driver = modi ink (drivername, DRIVR,OBJCT) ;
/*
Verify.
*/
if (driver == SYSERR)
{
/*
Driver not in memory, try to load
it.
V
driver = modload (drivername, DRIVR, OBJ CT) ;
/*
Verify.
V
if (driver == SYSERR)
/*
Driver not in execution directory either!
V
failed ("Loading driver") ;
}
/*
Ok, now open the boot device.
*/
disk = open (devname, 1) ;
if (disk == SYSERR)
failed ("Opening device");
/*
Seek to sector ,0 to satisfy the RBF
manager's thirst for its contents.
V
if (lseek(disk,0L,0) == SYSERR)
failed ("Seek to Sector 0") ;
/*
Fake read. RBF will get a copy of
the identification sector here.
V
ing with the 059Gen command. In fact,
he has written a program named Gen-
Mod which is available in the DL6
section of the OS-9 SIG on Compu-
Serve. It adds three options to an
existing DS9Gen command and fixes a
few bugs he located in the original.
GenMod makes it easier to change your
DS9Baot file if all you need to do is
delete and/or add a module to it.
While he was experimenting with
0S9Gen he learned that the OS-9 kernel
gets located at SF000 and is SFOO bytes
long in Version 1.00. However, in Ver-
sion 2.00.00, it is located at SEF00 and
is SF80 bytes long. Unfortunately, it
seems these locations and lengths are
hard coded into Cobbler and 059Gen.
Version 1.00. of these commands marks
the 15 sectors of Track 34 allocated in
the disk allocation map of the diskette.
Version 2.00.00 marks all 18 sectors,
even though only 16 contain the kernel.
This means that if you boot up in
Version 1.00, but use 059Gen from
Version 2.00, the wrong data will be
written to the disk on Track 34. Booting
up in Version 2.00.00 and using 0S9Gen
from Version 1.00 won't work either.
Weber also found a bug in Version
2.00.00 of 0S9Gen. It seems that it will
rewrite Track 34 if it determines that an
OS-9 kernel is on the track. But, a bug
in both Cobbler and DS9Gen can cause
problems in the disk allocation map
when a kernel is already on Track 34.
Here is Weber's patch. The Cobbler
patch begins at an offset of 23F from the
beginning of the module.
OLD: EC 84 Bl 4F 10 2G 00 AG CI 53
10 2G 00 A0 AG 04
NEW: CC 4F 53 10 A3 84 10 2G 00 A4
AG 04 30 C8 52 12
Here is the 059Gen patch. It begins
at an offset of 47 F.
OLD: EC 84 81 4F 10 2G 01 0G CI 53
10 2G 01 00 AG 04
NEW: CC 4F 53 10 A3 84 10 26 01 04
AG 04 30 C9 02 00
Additionally, you must change the
A7 at an offset of 4A9 to an A6, and
the ID at an offset of 4AD to an 18.
Fixtime
Stephen B. Goldberg, of 695 Plain-
view Road, Bethpage, NY 11714, has
contributed another interesting utility
program. He wrote Fixtime because he
got fed up with having the system clock
end up 20 or 30 minutes slow after a
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 203
long session at his CoCo. Fix time is his
attempt at keeping the clock on time. It
does violate several rules of OS-9 pro-
gramming. It is self-modifying and it
loads and stores to fixed addresses. But
it works. It must be loaded before you
run it and Goldberg reports that he
thinks it is a good idea to add it to your
0S9Boot file after you have debugged
it so that it won't get unlinked acci-
dentia If the F ixt ime does get unlinked
after you run it, your system will crash.
Also, after you have run Fix time you
cannot use Cobbler to generate a new
OS9Boot file.
ReBoot
Bob Santy of Medford, Mass., and
Greg Law both caught me when I stated
that you couldn't remove the floppy
disk driver and descriptor when running
OS-9 from a hard disk. I stand cor-
rected. While writing this column, I
often need to transfer files from a disk
someone mails me to my hard disk.
Because of this constant use, it never
occurred to me that I could run the
system without the floppy drivers —
even though I could always load them
in and use them when needed. The fact
that the Tandy hard disk 1 used for
several months seldom found the 'h0
descriptor like it should until it had been
running for several hours, also side-
tracked me.
As Santy pointed out in his letter, the
boot module stored with the kernel and
init on Track 34 of a Color Computer
OS-9 disk is completely self-contained
and capable of reading the system into
memory without the CCDisk driver and
/d0 device descriptor. This means if you
are using a hard disk you can save a lot
of memory by not loading the floppy
drivers. This can be a big help to you
if you want to run the Tandy/ Micro-
ware c compiler on the Color Comput-
er.
Santy contributed the reboot utility
program listed this month. It requires
the pathname of the device you want to
boot as an argument. He wrote it for use
with the hard disk he purchased from
Software Support of Ashland, Mass.
That disk has bootable partitions and
reboot works well on that device.
Even if Santy's utility will not work
with your hard disk, it is full of excellent
C code that may help you when you need
to write other C utilities. It is an out-
standing example of how good com-
ments make a program easier to under-
stand, and it is a valuable contri-
bution. D
if (read (disk, bootstrap, 256) == SYSERR)
failed ("Reading Sector 0") ;
/*
Ok, now seek to the bootstrap on
track 34.
V
if (lseek(disk,TRACK34,0) == SYSERR)
failed("Seek to Track 34");
/*
Read the entire track into the buffer.
V
if (read (disk, bootstrap, BOOTSIZE) == SYSERR)
failed ("Reading Track 34") ;
/*
Verify that the track contains a bootstrap.
*/
if (strncmp(bootstrap,"OS",2) == 0)
{
/*
Ok, all is well. The bootstrap is in memory
and we are all set to execute it.
V
#asm
orcc #$5J3 Disable interrupts
leax offset, y Copy hard disk partition offset
ldu #$3 800 Hard disk boot module is
ldb #3 Coded to find the partition
oloop
Ida ,x+
sta , u+
decb
bne oloop
Ida >$3800
cmpa #$FF
beq fboot
Ida #$22
sta >$FF7F
fboot
clr >$78
clra
tfr a, dp
leay bootstra,y Get base of boot
jmp 2,y Execute bootstrap
fendasm
}
failed("Disk not bootable!");
}
/*
Any failure uses this exit routine.
Display specific error message and
exit.
*/
failed (msg)
char *msg;
{
print f ("ERROR: %s\n",msg);
printf (usage) ;
exit (errno) ;
> ^
Offset at $3800 in RAM
Check to see if
Booting floppy
Floppy boot!
Hard disk boot!
Select slot 3 of Multi-Pak
Warm start indicator
Set DP to
204
THE RAINBOW January 1987
the Color Computer Word Processor
3 display formats: 51/64/85
columns x 24 lines
True lower case characters
User-friendly full-screen
editor
Right justification
Easy hyphenation
Drives any printer
Embedded format and
control codes
Runs in 16K, 32K, or 64K
Menu-driven disk and
cassette I/O
No hardware modifications
required
THE ORIGINAL
Simply slated. Telewriter is the mosi powerful
word processor you can buy for the TRS-80
Color Computer. The original Telewriter has
received rave reviews in every major Color
Computer and TRS-80 magazine, as well as
enthusiastic praise from thousands of satisfied
owners. And rightly so.
The standard Color Computer display of 32
characters by 16 lines without lower case is
simply inadequate for serious word processing.
The checkerboard letters and tiny lines give you
no feel for how your writing looks or reads.
Telewriter gives the Color Computer a 51
column by 24 line screen display with true
lower case characters. So a Telewriter screen
looks like a printed page, with a good chunk of
text on screen at one time. In fact, more on
screen text than you'd get with Apple II, Atari,
Tl, Vic or TRS-80 Model 111.
On top of that, the sophisticated Telewriter
full-screen editor is so simple to use, it makes
writing fan. With single-letter mnemonic
commands, and menu-driven I/O and
formatting, Telewriter surpasses all others for
user friendliness and pure power.
Telewriter's chain printing feature means that
the size of your text is never limited by the
amount of memory you have, and Telewriter's
advanced cassette handler gives you a powerful
word processor without the major additional
cost of a disk.
...one of the iH'St programs for the Color
Computer I have seen...
— Color Computer News, Jan. 1982
TELEWRITER-64
But now we've added more power to
Telewriter. Not just bells and whistles, but
major features that give you total control over
your writing. We call this new supercharged
version Telcwriter-64. For two reasons.
64K COMPATIBLE
Telewriler-64 runs fully in any Color Computer
— I6K, 32K, or 64K, with or without Extended
Basic, with disk or cassette or both. It
automatically configures itself to take optimum
advantage of all available memory. That means
that when you upgrade your memory, the
Telewriter-64 text buffer grows accordingly. In
a 64K cassette based system, for example, you
get about 40K of memory to store text. So you
don't need disk or FLEX to put all your 64K
to work immediately.
64 COLUMNS (AND 85!)
Besides the original 51 column screen,
Telewriter-64 now gives you 2 additional high-
density displays: 64 x 24 and 85 x 2411 Both
high density modes provide all the standard
Telewriter editing capabilities, and you can
switch instantly to any of the 3 formats with a
single control key command.
The 51 x 24 display is clear and crisp on the
screen. The two high density modes are more
crowded and less easily readable, but they are
perfect for showing you the exact layout of
your printed page, all on the screen at one
time. Compare this with cumbersome
"windows" that show you only fragments at a
lime and don't even allow editing.
RIGHT JUSTIFICATION &
HYPHENATION
One outstanding advantage of the full-width
screen display is that you can now set the
screen width to match the width of your
printed page, so that "what you see is what
you get." This makes exact alignment of
columns possible and it makes hyphenation
simple.
Since short lines arc the reason for the large
spaces often found in standard right justified
text, and since hyphenation is the most
effective way to eliminate short lines,
Telewriter-64 can now promise you some of the
best looking right justification you can get on
the Color Computer.
FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS:
Printing and formatting: Drives any printer
(LPVll/Vlll, DMP-1007200, Epson. Okidata.
Centronics, NEC, C. lion, Smith-Corona,
Tcrminet, etc).
Embedded control codes give full dynamic access to
intelligent primer features like: underlining,
subscript, superscript, variable font and type size, dot-
graphics, etc.
Dynamic (embedded) format controls for: top,
bottom, and left margins; line length, lines per page,
line spacing, new page, change page numbering,
conditional new page, enable/disable juslification.
Menu-driven control of these parameters, as well as:
pause at page bottom, page numbering, baud rate (so
you can run your printer al top speed), and Epson
font. "Typewriter" feature sends typed lines directly
to your printer, and Direct mode sends control codes
righi from the keyboard. Special Epson driver
simplifies use with MX-80.
Supports single and multi-line herders and automatic
centering. Print or save all or any section of the text
buffer. Chain print any number of files from cassette
or disk.
File and I/O Features: ASCII format files —
create and edil BASIC, Assembly. Pascal, and C
programs. Smart Terminal files (for uploading or
downloading), even text files from other word
processors. Compatible with spelling checkers (like
Spell 'n Fix).
Cassette verify command for su'c saves. Cassette auto-
retry means you type a load command only once no
matter where you are in the tape.
Read in. save, partial save, and append files with disk
and/or cassctle. For disk: print directory with free
space to screen or printer, kill and rename files, set
default drive. Easily customized to the number of
drives in the system.
Kditing features: Fast, full-screen editor with
wordwrap, block copy, block move, block delete, line
delete, global search and replace (or delete), wild card
search, fast auto-repeat cursor, fast scrolling, cursor
up, down, right, left, begin line, end line, top of text.
boltom of text; page forward, page backward, align
text, tabs, choice of buff or green background,
complete error protection, line counter, word counter,
space left, current file name, default drive in cffcci,
scl line length on screen.
Insert or delete text anywhere on the screen without
changing "modes." This fast "free-form" editor
provides maximum ease of use. Everything you do
appears immediately on the screen in front of you.
Commands require only a single key or a single kc>
plus CLEAR.
...tndy a stale oj the art word processor...
outstanding in every respect.
— The RAINBOW, Jan. 1982
RAINBOW
PROFESSIONAL
WORD PROCESSING
You can no longer afford to be without the
power and efficiency word processing brings to
everything you write. The TRS-80 Color
Computer is the lowest priced micro with the
capability for serious word processing. And
only Telewriter-64 fully unleashes that
capability.
Telewriter-64 costs S49.95 on cassette, $59.95
on disk, and comes complete with over 70
pages of well-written documentation. (The step-
by-step tutorial will have your writing with
Telewriter-64 in a matter of minutes.)
To order, send check or money order to:
Cognitec
704 Nob Street
Del Mar, C A 92014
Or check your local software store. If you have
questions, or would like to order by Visa or
Mastercard, call us at (619) 755-1258 (weekdays,
8AM-4PM PST). Dealer inquiries invited. (Add
S2 for shipping. Californians add 6% state lax.)
Available at
Radio /hack stores
via express order
catalogue #90-0253
90-0254
Apple II :. a trademark of Apple Computet. Int.: Atari in a trademark
of Atari. Inc.: TRS-HO is a trademark ol Tandy Corp; MX-Mtl » *>
trademark o( Epson America. Inc.
THESE FINE STORES
CARRY THE RAINBOW
The retail stores listed below carry the rainbow on a regular basis and may have
other products of interest to Tandy Color Computer
users. We suggest you
patronize those in your area.
ALABAMA
Bob's Rogers Park
MARYLAND
Birmingham
Jefferson News Co.
Book Market
Silver Spring
Layhlll Newsstand
Brewton
McDowell Electronics
East Cedar
Florence
Anderson News Co.
North Cicero
MASSACHUSETTS
Greenville
M & B Electronics
West Divetsey
Brockton
Voyager Bookstore
Madison
Madison Books
E.B. Garcia & Associates
Cambridge
Out Of Town News
Montgomery
Trade 'N' Books
Kroch's & Brentano's
South Wabash
Fitchburg
Ipswich
Comers Book Shop
Ipswich News
ALASKA
Fairbanks
Electronic World
West Jackson
516 N. Michigan
Uttlelon
Lynn
Computer Plus
North Shore News Co.
ARIZONA
835 N. Michigan
MICHIGAN
Phoenix
TRI-TEK Computers
Parkway Drugs
Allen Park
Book Nook, Inc.
Sierra Vista
Livingston's Books
Parkwest Books
Dearborn
DSL Computet Products
Tempe
Books Etc.
Sandmeyer's Bookstore
Durand
Robblns Electronics
Computer Library
Unlv, ot Chicago Bookstore
Harrison
Harrison Radio Shack
Tucson
Anderson News Co.
Univ. of Illinois Bookstore
Lowell
Curt's Sound & Home Arcade Center
ARKANSAS
Fayettevlile
Little Rock
Vldeomat, Inc.
Mt. Clemens
Michigan Radio
Vaughn Electronics/Radio Shack
Anderson News Co,
Chllllcothe
Danville
Decatur
Book Emporium
Book Market
Book Emporium
Muskegon
Owosso
Perry
The Eight Bit Corner
C/C Computer Systems
Perry Computers
K-Mart Plaza
Roseville
New Horizons
CALIFORNIA
Northgate Mall
Royal Oak
Software City
Cllrus Heights
Software Plus
East Moline
Book Emporium
Sterling
Grass Valley
Advance Radio. Inc.
Evanston
Chicago-Main News
Heights
Sterling Book Center
Halt Moon Bay
Strawflower Electronics
Geneseo
B & J Supply
Trenton
Trenton Book Store
Hollywood
Levity Distributors
Kewanee
Book Emporium
Wyoming
Gerry's Book Co.
Lompoc
Los Angeles
Sacramento
L&H Electronics Emporium
E.D.C. Industries
Polygon Co.
Tower Magazine
Lisle
Newton
Oak Brook
Oak Park
Book Nook
Bill's TV Rodio Shack
Kroch's 8; Brentano's
Kroch's & Brentano's
MINNESOTA
Minneapolis
Wlllmar
Read-More News
The Photo Shop
Santo Rosa
Sawyer's News, Inc.
Paris
Book Emporium
MISSOURI
Sunnyvale
Computer Literacy
Peoria
Book Emporium
Farmlngton
Rays TVS Radio Shack
Sheridan Village
Jefferson City
Cowley Distributing
COLORADO
Westlake Shopping Center
Kirksvllle
T&R Electronics
Westminster
Software City
Book Market
Illinois News Service
Moberty
St. Louis
Audio Hut
Book Emporium
DELAWARE
Schaumberg
Kroch's & Brentano's
Computer Xchange
Middletown
Delrnqr Co.
Skokle
Kroch's & Brentano's
University City
Rnal Edition
Mllford
Mllford News Stand
Springfield
Book Emporium
h imiT & & i a
Wilmington
FLORIDA
Boca Raton
Cocoa
Davie
Normar. Inc.— The Smoke Shop
Sangamon Center North
Town & Country Shopping Ctr.
MONTANA
Whlrefish
Consumer Electronics of Whlleflsh
Software. Software. Inc.
The Open Door
Software Plus More
Sunnyland
West Frankfort
Wheeling
Book Emporium
Paper Place
North Shore Distributors
NEBRASKA
Lincoln
NEVADA
Hobby Town
Ft. Lauderdale
Electronics Engineers
INDIANA
Las Vegas
Hurley Electronics
Mike's Electronics Distributor
Angola
D & D Electronics
Jacksonville
The Book Nook
Radio Shack
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Book Town
Berne
White Cottage Electronics
West Lebanon
Vsrham News Corp.
Deano's TV
Columbus
Micro Computer Systems. Inc.
NEW JERSEY
North Miami
Garrett
Finn News Agency. Inc.
Cedar Knolls
Village Computer & Software
Micro World II
Beach
Almar Bookstore
Greenwood
The Computer Experience
Clinton
Orlando
Book Mania
Indianapolis
Bookland. Inc.
Marmora
Outpost Radio Shack
Panama City
Boyd-Ebert Corp.
Delmar News
Montvale
Software City
Pensocola
Anderson News Co.
Indiana News
Pennsville
Dave's Elect. Radio Shack
Pinellas Park
Waifs Newsstand
Jasper
ElexMart
River Edge
Rockaway
Software City
Software Station
Sarasota
Family Computers
Madison
Arco Office Supplies
Starke
Record Junction, Inc.
Martinsville
Radio Shack
Radio Shack Dealer
Wabash
Mitting's Electronics
NEW MEXICO
Sunrise
Sunn/s at Sunset, Inc.
IOWA
Alamogordo
New Horizons Computer Systems
Tallahassee
lampa
Anderson News Co.
Fine Print Bookstore
Sound Trader & Computet Center
Davenport
KANSAS
Interstate Book Store
Albuquerque
Desert Moon Distributors
Page One Newsstand
Titusville
Computrac
Topeka
Palmer News, Inc.
NEW YORK
Town Crier of Topeka. Inc.
Brockport
Lift Bridge Book Shop, Inc.
GEORGIA
Bremen
Bremen Electronlcs/Radlo Shack
Wichita
Amateur Radio Equipment Co.
Lloyd's Radio
Elmlra Heights
Fredonla
Southern Tier News Co.. Inc.
On Line: Computer Access Center
Cummlngs
Kent Radio Shack
Hudson Falls
GA West& Co.
.letup
Radio Shack
KENTUCKY
Johnson City
Unicom Electronics
Marietta
Act One Video
Georgetown
Goodwin Electronics
New York
Barnes & Noble— Sales Annex
Toccoa
Martin Music Radio Shack
Hazard
Daniel Boone Gulf Mart
Coliseum Books
IDAHO
Moscow
Hopklnsville
Hobby Shop
Eastern Newsstand
Johnson News Agency
Louisville
Paducah
The Computer Store
Radio Shack
Grand Central Station. Track 37
200 Park Ave., (Pan Am #1 )
ILLINOIS
Plkevllle
Gus-Slan Enterprises
55 Water Street
Aurora
Kroch's & Brentano's
LOUISIANA
Crowley
Monroe
World Trade Center *2
Belleville
Software or Systems
Acadiana Newsstand
First Stop News
Champaign
Book Market
The Book Rack
Idle Hours Bookstore
Chicago
B. Dalton Booksellers
International Smoke Shop
N. Wabash St.
MAINE
Jonll Smoke
West Jackson St.
Brockton
Voyager Bookstore
PennBook
Bob's In Newtown
Caribou
Radio Shack
Software City
Bob's News Emporium
Waterboro
Radio Shack
State News
206
THE RAINBOW January 1987
Usercom Systems. Inc.
TEXAS
BRITISH COLUMBIA
Walden Books
Elgin
The Homing Pigeon
Burnaby
Compultt
World Wide Media Services
Crange
Northway Books & News
Burns Lake
VT. Video Works
N. White Plains
Software City
Son Antonio
CoCo Nuts
Campbell
Pawling
Universal Computer Service
UTAH
Murray
River
TRS Electronics
Rochester
Village Green
Deseret Book
Chilllwack
Charles Parker
World Wide News
Coortenay
Rick's Music & Stereo
Woodhaven
Spectrum Protects
VIRGINIA
Dawson Creek
Bell Radio & TV
NftDTM f- ARCH IN *
Gafton
Electronics Marketing
Golden
Taks Home Furnishings
Aberdeen
King Electronics
Radio Snack
News Center in Caiy Village
Norfolk
Richmond
l-O Computers
Software City
Langley
N. Vancouver
Langley Radio Shack
Mlcrowest Distributors
Cory
WASHINGTON
Nelson
Parksvllle
Penficton
Salmon Arm
Sidney
Smlthers
Oliver's Books
Parksvllle TV
DJ.'s
Four Comer Grocery
Matrix Computing
Sidney Electronics
Wall's Home Furniture
Charlotte
Newsstand Inf 1
Seattle
Adams News Co.. Inc.
Havlock
Hickory
Marion
Papers & Paperback
Computer Pius
C> Books 8t Comics
Boomers Rhythm Center
Tacoma
B & 1 Magazines & Books
Nybbles'N Bytes
OHIO
WEST VIRGINIA
100 Mile
Manchester
JR Computer Control
Huntington
Nick's News
House
Tip Top Radio & TV
Canton
Little Professor Book Center
Logan
Stan's Electronics & Radio Shack
Chardon
Thrasher Radio & TV
Madison
Communications, LTD
Cincinnati
Clnsolt
Parkersburg
Valley News Service
Columbiana
Fidelity Sound & Electronics
*ini*/**y^fc! p nn i
MANITOBA
Coshocton
Dayton
Utopia Software
Huber Heights Book » Card
WllkeNews
WISCONSIN
Appleton
Badger Periodicals
Altona
Lundar
LAWIebrLtd
Goranson Elec.
Cudahy
Cudahy News & Hobby
Morden
Central Sound
Falrborn
News-Readers
Ladysmllh
Electronics. Etc
The Pas
Jodl's Sight & Sound
Glrard
Girard Book & News
Milwaukee
Book Tree
Selkirk
G.L Enns Elec.
Kent
The News Shop
Booked Solid
Vlrden
Archer Enterprises
Kenton
T.W. Hogan & Associates
Booked Solid II
Winnipeg
J & J Electronics Ltd.
Lakewood
Lakewood International News
Harvey Schwartz Bookshop
Lima
Brunner News Agency
Edu-Caterers
WYOMING
Univ. of Wisconsin Bookshop
Mlamlsburg
Wllke News
Casper
The Computer Store
NEW BRUNSWICK
Mount Orab
Mount Orab Radio Shack
Moncton
Jeffries Enterprises
Rocky River
Programs Unlimited
Sussex
Dewltt Elec.
Toledo
Leo's Book & Wine Shop
NEWFOUNDLAND
Xenla
Fine Print Books
ARGENTINA
Bofwood
Seaport Elec.
OKLAHOMA
Cordoba
Intormatica Y Telecomunlcaciones
Carbonear
Slade Realties
Oklahoma
City
Tulsa
Merit Micro Software
Steve's Book Store
AUSTRALIA;
Kingsford
Parts Radio Electronics
NOVA SCOTIA
Halifax
ONTARIO
Atlantic News
OREGON
Aurora
Compu Vision
Portland
Rfth Ave. News
CANADA-
Concord
Ingram Software
PENNSYLVANIA
ALBERTA
Exceter
J. Macleane & Sons
Allison Park
Software City
Banff
Banff Radio Shack
Hanover
Modem Appliance Centre
Altoona
Newborn Enterprises
Blairmore
L & K Sports & Music
Huntsville
Huntsville Elec.
Brookville
Laity's Stereo Shop
Personal Software
Bonnyville
Paul Tercler
Kenora
Donny "B"
Malvem
Brooks
Double "D" AS.C. Radio Shack
Kingston
T.M. Computers
Philadelphia
City Software Center
Newsy
Stevens Radio Shack
All-Pro Souveniers
Pitt Computer & Software
Software Corner
Micro World
The Computer Center of York
Calgary
Claresholm
Billy's News
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Lislowel
South River
Modem Appliance Centre
Max TV
Phoenlxvllle
Pittsburgh
Pleasanl Hills
Temple
Wind Gap
York
Drayton Valley
Edmonton
Edson
Falrview
Fox Creek
Langard Electronics
CMD Micro
Kelly Software Distributors
Radio Shack
D.N.R. Furniture 8c TV
Fox City Color 8c Sound
AS.C. Radio Shack
QUEBEC
LaSalle
Pont. Rouge
Dennis TV
Messag6rte5 de Presse Benjamin Enr.
Boutique Bruno Laroche
RHODE ISLAND
Ft. Saskatche-
SASKATCHEWAN
Warwick
Software Connection
wan
Ft. Mall Radio Shack. ASC
Assinibola
Telstar News
SOUTH CAROLINA
Grande
T\a- f^i a«A_a 1 it tl
Estevan
Kofyk Electronics
Charleston His.
Software Haus. Inc.
Cache
Grande
Centre
The Stereo Hut
Moose Jaw
D&S Computer Ploce
Gaffney
Gaffney Book Store
The Book Nook
Jim Cooper
L & S Stereo
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Datatron
Nlpiwan
Cornerstone Sound
Greenville
Palmetto News Co.
Regina
Regina CoCo Club
Spartanburg
Software City
Hinton
Innisfall
Leduc
Lethbridge
Software Supermarket
Union
TENNESSEE
Fleming's Electronics
Saskatoon
Shellbrooke
Tlsdale
Everybody's Software Library
Gee. Laberge Radio Shack
Paul's Service
Chattanooga
Anderson News Co.
Lloydmlnster
Lloyd Radio Shack
Unify
Grant* s House of Sound
Guild Books & Periodicals
Okotoks
Okotoks Radio Shack
Dickson
Highland Electronics
Peace River
Radio Shack Associated Stores
YUKON
Knoxvllle
Anderson News Co.
Tavener Software
Whltehorse
H & O Holdings
First Byte Computer Co.
St. Paul
Walter's Electronics
Memphis
Computer Center
Steftler
Steftler Radio Shack
JAPAN
Tokyo
Nashville
Software. Inc.
Mosko's Book Store
Strathmore
Taber
Wheatland Electronics
Pynewcod Sight & Sound
America Ado. Inc.
Smyrna
Delker Electronics
Westlock
Westlock Stereo
PUERTO RICO
Union City
Cox Electronics Radio Shack
Wetaskiwln
Radio Shack
San Juan
Software City
Also available at all B.
Dalton Booksellers, and selected Coles Bookstores,
Waldenbooks, Pickwick Books,
Encore Books, Barnes & Noble, Little
Professors, Tower Book & Records, Kroch's & Brentan
o's, and Community
Newscenters.
January 1987 THE RAINBOW 207
AD VERTISER INDEX
We encourage you to patronize our advertisers — all of whom support the
Tandy Color Computer. We will appreciate your mentioning THE RAINBOW when
you contact these firms.
After Five Software 170
Alpha Products 21
Ark Royal Games 49
Bangert 81
Canyon County Devices 102
Cer-Comp 163
Challenger 135
Cinsoft 146
CNR Engineering 14
CoCo Cat Anti-drug Ad 25
Cognitec 205
Colorware 22, 23
Compusense 95
ComputerCenter 35
Computer Friends 89
Computer Island 133
Computer Plus 3
Computerware 57
Computize, Inc 209
CRC Computers 99
Crockett Software 161
D.P.Johnson 197
Dayton Associates of
W. R.Hall, Inc 128
Delphi 114, 115
Derringer Software 74, 75
Diecom IFC
Disto/CRC 63, BC
Duck Productions 73
Fazer Electronics 134
Federal Hill Software 15
Group Technology 157
Halix Institute 183
Hard Drive Specialists 165
Hawkes Research Services 150
HJL div. of Touchstone
Technology, Inc 17
Howard Medical 34, 210
Inventive Solutions 167
J & M Systems 79, 113
J & R Electronics 159
Kelly Software Distributors 87
Lucus Industries 2000 167
Mark Data Products 155
Marty's Rubber Stamp Shop 161
Metric Industries 13
Micro Smart 50, 51
Micro Works, The 152
Microcom Software 9, 11
Microtech Consultants Inc 96
MicroWorld 31
Moreton Bay 189
Novasoft 142
Other Guys Software, The 66
Owl-Ware 84, 85
PCM 33
Perry Computers 16
Polygon 77
Preble's Programs, Dr IBC
Prickly-Pear Software 137
Public Domain 88
PXE Computing 7
Radio Shack 121, 123
Rainbow Binder 202
Rainbow Bookshelf 112
Rainbow Gift Subscription 130
Rainbow On Disk 151
Rainbow On Tape 103
Rainbow OS-9 Book 116
Rainbow Simulation Book II 65
RAINBOWfest 100
RAINBOWfestTape Ad 192
Robotic Microsystems 95
Rowe Electronic Co., Inc 170
Selected Software 47
Software House, The 83
Spectrogram 101
Spectrosystems 54
Spectrum Projects Inc.
105, 106, 107, 109, 110, 111
Speech Systems
40,41,42, 43, 44, 45
Sugar Software 175
Sunrise Software 141
T & D Software 138
TCE 149
Tepco 97
Thinking Software, Inc 55
Tom Mix Software 143
Tothian Software Inc 157
True Data Products 194, 195
Try-O-Byte 81
United ComputerFederation ...171
Woodstown Electronics 101
Zebra Systems 39
£23 Call:
Shackleford, Nolan, Davis, Gregg and Associates
Cindy Shackleford, president
Advertising Representative
12110 Meridian South, Suite 5
P.O. Box 73-578
Puyallup, WA 96373-0578
(206) 848-7766
Call:
Kim Vincent
Advertising Representative
The Falsoft Building
9509 U.S. Highway 42
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
(502)228-4492
Call:
Jack Garland
Garland Associates, Inc.
10 Industrial Parte Road
Hingham, MA 02043
(617) 749-5852
208
THE RAINBOW January 1 987
ALL SOFTWARE
COMPATIBLE WITH
COCO I, COCO II
& COCO HI
COMPUTERS
SUPER BACK-UP
UTILITY©
...WITH S.B.U. FROM COMPUTIZE -
YOU'LL NEVER NEED ANOTHER BACK-
UP UTILITY FOR YOUR COCO!!!
SUPER BACK-UP UTILITY WILL PER-
FORM ALL OF THE FOLLOWING FUNC-
TIONS:
1. TAPE TO TAPE (Regardless of most protee-
lion schemes!)
2. TAPE TO DISK (Move Cassette programs to
Disk!)
3. AUTO RELOCATE (For those Cassette pro-
grams that conflict with Disk operating
systems.)
4. DISK TO TAPE (Place Disk programs onto
Cassette)
5. DISK TO DISK (Our powerful Split-N-lmagc
Program, Copies regardless of most protec-
tion schemes!)
• MENU DRIVEN
• REQUIRES }2K EXTENDED COCO
• REQUIRES 1 OR 2 DRIVES
• ALL MACHINE LANGUAGE!!!
COMPARE WITH OTHER INDIVIDUAL
PROGRAMS COSTING IN EXCESS OF
5100.00
DISK S49.9S C«l. No. 107CD
SPIT-N-IMAGE©
M/L Disk Back-Up Utility
There is no need to suffer the heartbreak of
crashed disks any longer. Splt-N-lmage will
create a mirror image of your valuable disk pro-
grams which do not respond to normal back-up
functions. Will also initialize and back-up in one
pass. Data processing experts always insist on
having a back-up — it's good practice.
REQUIRES 32K CC
DISK $34.95 C«l. No. 10ICD
TRIPLE TRANSFER
UTILITY©
Transfer conicms of disk to lapc • Transfer con-
itnis of lapc io disk • Auiomaiically relocates
casseiic progra-ns thai conflict with the disk
operating system • Displays machine language
program addresses • Copies ASCII. Basic, &
Machine Language Programs * All contained in
I menu driven program!
RKUUIRKS32K CC EXT.
Disk S24.95 Cat. No. tOSCD
"Y BOX"
If you have ever owned a "Y" Cihle you know
hov. easy ii is to 'bump' or dislodge the cable
(torn the computer. With the poMtive mechanical
connection of the "Y Hu*" chances are greatly
reduced of the "Y" coming dislodged.
One of the most common causes of a shorted
data bus in the CoCo is a misaligned or loose
"Y" Cubic Don't let your computer be the next
victim of a "V" Cable, order the "V Box" from
COMPUTIZE.
• NOISE FREE "COLD CONTACT" TO
YOUR COMPUTER
• POSITIVE MECHANICAL AND ELEC-
TRICAL CONNECTION
• Catalog No. I62CH Onl> $19.95
MASTER KEY II
New Improved Version! A hardware product that
takes control of any program regardless of protec-
tion. Now use with RS Multi-pak. "Y" cable or
optional ck lender cable. Captures register contams
as they were when Master Key II was engaged.
Complete disassembler, memory save, and much
more. Requires some familiarity with Assembly
Language.
ROM PAR Cat. No. I60HR S 99.95
Cat. No. I61HR With Eat. Cable $109.95
******* THE LATEST IN COCO NEWS!!! *******
• Supports 4 Hi-Res display modes
• 4 page animation mode
• Color Palette with over 15 color patterns for use
with Hi-Res artifact
• Send/Receive pictures over modem
■ Supplied utility allows capturing Hi-Res screens
from most COCO arcade games
• Multiple Hi-Res character fonts (user re-
definablc)
• Supplied utility for transferring Graphicom
screens to Basic or other M/L programs.
• Supplied utility for loading screens from Basic
or other sources
• Built in Hi-Res SCREEN PRINT (compatible
with EPSON. C-ITOH.GEM1NI-10. OKI, plus
Radio Shack's LP-VI1. LP-VIII. DMP-100,
DMP-200, and GCP-115 printers) from 110 to
9600 baud
• SEND/RECEIVE slow-scan television
• Many additional features, operating hints, hard-
ware mod's and suggestions, etc.
REQUIRES 64K COCO, I DISK DRIVE, AND 2
ANALOG JOYSTICKS
QUICK BACKUP
UTILITY $19.95
Catalog No 185CD
Deluxe backup utility for the Radio Shack Color
Computer.
• Backup a disk in as few as 32 seconds (in three
passes)
• Format and backup a full disk in one minute
• Full error correcting features (retry, skip, in-
finite retry 1 )
Displays the current track that is being processed,
works with all ROM versions. Supports I or 2 disk
drive. A great disk production tool.
GRAPHICOM $24.95
Catalog No "ICO
Simply staled - One of the finest graphic programs
written Tor the Color Computer!
FEATURES:
• S-U-P-E-R U-S-ER F-R-l-E-N-D-L-Y !
Season's
Greetings
Announcing COLORSCAN. new software for the CGP-220. This program is a must for
anyone who owns a Radio Shack Ink Jcl Primer, and enjoys creaiing graphics wilh
Graphicom, Graphicom Pan II, CoCo MAX, or any program that produces a standard
6K binnary picture files.
This program coniains some of (he popular features found in "HARDCOPY" such as
Ixl, 2x2 and posters; bul color scan produce full color prinlouls of your favorite 6K
graphics files. You can also create colorful banners up lo 27' in length, or dump a disk's
entire graphic conienis 10 paper.
Colorscan will prim program listings in blazing color, make remarks in red, line numbers
green, search for sirings and prim in blue, etc. All these features and more.
Colorscan catalog number I84WD S29.9S
GRAPHICOM PART II
Catalog No. 132WD . $24.95
GRAPHICOM PART II DOES NOT
REQUIRE GRAPHICOM TO RUN!
eilMWHITEStnlTH U:l.
Graphicom Part II is a video processing
package that provides many functions
Hi. ii are missing in Graphicom. Here are
just a few of the features provided by
Graphicom Part II:
ENLARGE/REDUCE/ROTATE
Enlarge or reduce any portion of a graphic-
screen, just like a photographic enlarger!
Rotate by any degree or fraction of a
degree around any point on the screen.
PAINT
Paint or "fill-in" any irregular area on the
screen! More than 50 different colored
patterns available. Additional paint pal-
terns may be user-defined.
PAN & ZOOM
"Zoom in" ,\2, x4, or x8 on any portion
of the screen to do fine pixel work. Allows
editing of Graphicom character sets with
ease !
TYPESETTER & FONT EDITOR
Add text in 16 different sizes, also sup-
ports user definable foreground &
background colors. Design & Edit
characters for use in the typesetter.
PIXEL BLASTER
Allows the user to easily substitute or
remove colors. Widen lines, swap BLUE
& RED without effecting BLACK &
WHITE, etc.
Graphicom Part II requires a 64K extend-
ed disk basic system, and supports I to 4
disk drives, keyboard or joystick (analog
or switch type) input. It will load and save
both Standard BIN files and Graphicom
screens. All functions support color or Hi-
Res operation, as well as ihc 4 screen
display modes.
OUR
GRAPHICOM
DIGITIZER
JUST GOT BETTER
ARE YOU LOOKING
FOR A HI-RES GRAPHIC
SCREEN PRINT
PROGRAM?
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ALL HICMTt RIIIHVCD
' HARDCOPY - Hardcopy is more
than just a screen print utility, compare
these features with any other graphic
dump program on Ihc market;
• Full GRAPHICOM/GRAPHICOM
PART II compatibility! Loads STAN-
DARD 6K images, GRAPHICOM
pictures, and COCO MAX pictures
too!
• BLACK & WHITE or GREY SCALE
printing. In GREY SCALE printing,
colors are printed as user definable
patterns. Supports hi-res in all 4
GRAPHICOM display modes!
• lx,2x, 3x PRINTOUTS -Three menu
options are reserved for the most fre-
quently used printout sizes; lx
(quarter page), 2x (half page), and 3x
(full page).
• GRAPHIC LABELS - The label prin-
ting option allows the user to create
custom mailing or disk labels with
professional looking results.
• GREETING CARDS - The greeting
card option allows the user to custom
design greeting cards using both text
and graphics.
• GIANT POSTERS - The poster op-
tion provides ihc user with a means of
reproducing a hi-res graphic to a
multi-sheet poster.
• SPECIAL EFFECTS - The special ef-
fects option allows the user to directly
conlrol the printing directives; ROTA-
TION, X/Y SIZE, X/Y FLIP. X/Y
GRID. X/Y FILL, TAB, WINDOW,
POS/NEG IMAGE, and more!
• USER CALL - Have an application
ihnl HARDCOPY doesn't quite
match? HARDCOPY routines can be
added to EXTENDED BASIC
through the USR command!
HARDCOPY* requires a 54K Color
Computer or Color Computer II, and at
lcasl one disk drive. It supports I to 4 disk
drives, keyboard or joystick input. Please
specify printer and cat. number when
ordering.
• Due to hardware differences, some
features may function differently on cer-
tain printers.
IDS 48(V5GO-G C»l. No. \10WD
Oki 82A (Okigraph) Cat. No. I79WD
OkiUata92 Cat. No. 17 1 WD
Gemini I0X Cat. No. 174WD
Gemini SG-I0/IS Cat. No. I78WD
DMP-105 Cat. No. I83WD
Epson LX-80 Cat. No. I73WD
Epson MX-80 Cat. No. I72WD
Epson RX-80 Cat. No. I73WD
Epson FX-80 Cat. No. I73WD
Rileman PLUS Cat. No. I77WD
DMP-1 10 Cat. No. I80WD
DMP-120 Cat. No. I76WD
DMP-130 Cat. No. 1B2WD
DMP-20O Cot. No. I75WD
CGP-220 Col. No. I8IWD
HARDCOPY PRINT
UTILITY $29.95
Most Howard Medical products are COCO 3 compatible,
some require special patches. Please inquire when you order.
(800) 443-1444 „™. (312) 278-1440
INQUIRIES AND ORDER STATUS
ISK CONTROLLERS
SQQ
&%J (52 shlppingi
BOARDS
S-IOQ
M25
S55
*165
'40
1450
ITORS
123A 12"
MEMOR 1
lOI COCO 2
ii 1 _4 '
fi *28 4S
SC750
Our price O I
REPACK
pplng)
■
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KM ll
IURNI I'
*98
■
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•50445
945
ipgl'28. 4S
SOFTWARE SPECIALS
PAYROL/BAS™
' "J7095
VIP LIBRARY
SAP-II BPA-1
Howard Medical Computers 1690 N. Elston Chicago, IL 60622
ORDERS
(800) 443-1444
INQUIRIES AND ORDER STATUS
(312) 278-1440
Showroom Hours:
8:00 - 5:00 Mon. - Fri.
10:00 - 3:00 Sal.
WE ACCEPT: VISA • MASTERCARD • AMERICAN EXPRESS
C.O.D. OR CHECKS • SCHOOL PO.'S
Battle the
st off Disk Drives
New Lower Price
Un-DISK Drives $4&S5l
$34.95
You Bel! There are empty spaces in your 32K
and 64K CoCo. The Preble VDOS Un-DISK
helps you fill them up with PROGRAMS!
• Un-DISK uses your compuler's extra
memory like a last disk drive.
• Un-DISK can store BASIC and MACHINE
LANGUAGE programs.
• Un-DISK is INVISIBLE. Yup! Un-DISK
does nol interfere with normal Color Com-
puter Operation.
• Un-DISK appears only when you type the
magic word VDOS.
• Un-DISK comes with comprehensive in-
structions which you may not need be-
cause:
• Un-DISK is self-prompting and easy to
use!
• Un-DISK is provided on cassette.
• Un-DISK is faster than a slow clumsy
DISK DRIVE and best of all . . .
• Un-DISK is CHEAPER than a DISK DRIVE!
• Un-DISK will work even if you already own
a disk but WHY BUY A DISK AT ALL?
• Un-DISK should be in the library of every
serious CoCo user even if you own a disk
says Frank J. Esser, independent reviewer
for rainbow Magazine!
OK sure, disk drives ARE NICE. I own one.
But if your finances are limited, the Un-DISK
can give you much of the power of the
mechanical drive. Even if you already own a
disk the Un-DISK can work like a super fast
extra disk.
EXTRA . . . EXTRA . . . EXTRA . . . EXTRA . . .
Additional Power For S14.95
Only with VDUMP for the Un-DISK!
• VDUMP lets you make a cassette backup
copy of everything stored in the Un-DISK.
• VDUMP lets you save 5, 10, 15 or more
programs on a single cassette tape file.
• VDUMP lets you switch Un-DISKs. With a
single load operation replace a group of
financial programs with a set of children's
programs. (The new VDUMP tape over-
writes the old.)
• VDUMP can allow you to save a whole lot
of rainbow on tape in a SINGLE file.
• VDUMP is the perfect companion to the
Preble VDOS Un-DISK.
Available from Doctor Preble's Programs,
naturally! Bringing you fine Color Computer
Products Since 1983!
The Preble VDOS Un-DISK $34.95
The Preble VDUMP $14.95
Shipping & handling
U.S. and Canada $1.50
or $5.00 to other foreign points
VISA and MasterCard accepted
Order From:
Dr. Preble's Programs
6540 Outer Loop
Louisville, KY 40228
(502) 966-8281
Canadians may order from Kelly Software
,cco
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Live Music
Archive
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